الملخص
Objective To investigate the effects of CTNND2 knockout on cerebellar neuronal development and motor function in mice, as well as its possible mechanisms. Methods The mice were divided into two groups (n = 10 in each group), all of them were 7 weeks old : wild-type (WT) C57BL/6J mice were treated as control group, and homozygous of CTNND2 knockout (CTNND2 7) mice were treated as experimental group, the genotype of CTNND2 7 mice were detected with PCR. The motor function of two groups were detected by beam walking test, hanging wire test and gait analysis test. The changes of cerebellar Purkinje cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining and Golgi staining. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of synapse-associated proteins phosphorylated synapsin 1 (p-Synl), synapsin 1 (Synl), ELKS and postsynaptic density protein 95(PSD95), as well as phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated protein kinase B (p-Akt), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Results Compared with the WT mice, except the increase in time to traverse the beam, there was a decrease in the proportion of pass on the beam, or latency to fall from the hanging wire, or score of hanging wire, or fore-stride length and hind-stride length of CTNND2 7 mice. There was also a decrease in numbers of Purkinje cells and its dendritic arborization in cerebellum of CTNND2 7 mice. The ratio of p-Synl/ Synl, p-Akt/Akt and p-mTOR/mTOR, as well as the expression levels of ELKS, PSD95 and PI3K were lower than those of WT mice. Conclusion CTNND2 knockout can affect the number and dendritic architecture of Purkinje cells, as well as synthesis of synapse-associated proteins in cerebellum by down-regulating PI3K/Akt/mT0R signaling pathway, resulting in cerebellar developmental disorder, thereby affecting motor function of mice.
الملخص
Objective:To understand the trend of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) resistance to clarithromycin and levofloxacin and to provide guidance for Hp eradication therapy. Methods:From January 2014 to December 2018, a total of 66 515 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled in the First People's Hospital of Wenling. The patients were divided into the following groups: childhood (0 to 6 years old); juvenile (7 to 17 years old); youth (18 to 40 years old),middle age (41 to 65 years old),and old age (≥66 years old). All patients received gastroscopy, gastric mucosal biopsy, Hp culture and drug sensitivity test of clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Results:The Hp positive rate showed a significant downward trend in 2016, 2017 and 2018 (χ2=14.317, 47.079, 88.054, all P<0.05). The average resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin from 2014 to 2018 was 22.72% (4 732/20 831) showing an increasing trend, but the increase was slower after 2017. The average resistance rate to levofloxacin was 30.55% (6 364/20 831), and the overall trend showed a sharp rise from 2015 to 2017 (χ2=38.383, 49.569, both P<0.05), and a significant decline was detected after 2017 (χ2=18.841, P<0.05). The resistance rate of Hp to levofloxacin in patients increased with age. The clarithromycin resistance rate first decreased and then increased with age, and the resistance rate in old age (32.52%, 763/2 346) was higher than that in youth (22.09%, 1 086/4 916) and middle age patients (21.21%, 2 854/13 458), and the differences were significant (χ2=991.071, 144.968, both P<0.05). The resistance rate of Hp rose from 12.73% (14/110) in juvenile to 43.31% (1 016/2 346) in old age (χ2=228.867, P<0.05). Conclusion:In recent years, the positive rate of Hp infection in Wenling area has a decreasing trend. Although the resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin and levofloxacin has been rising slowly or decreasing, it is still at a high level. In the selection of Hp eradication program, the differences between patients in different age groups should be considered with particular attention on the minors.
الملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the operative technique and clinical results of using peroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps to repair skin and soft tissue defects in lower extremities.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2009 to March 2012, 26 patients with skin and soft tissue defects at distal region of leg and foot were hospitalized. Among them, 9 patients suffered from tendon or bone exposure at the distal region of leg after injury due to traffic accident; 4 patients suffered from skin defects in the ankle as a result of electric injury; 8 patients suffered from chronic ulcer at the distal part of leg and foot; 5 patients suffered from plantar pressure ulcer. After debridement, soft tissue defect sizes ranged from 11 cm×5 cm to 18 cm×13 cm. According to the position and size of the defects, peroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flaps were designed and procured to repair the skin and soft tissue defects. The size of flaps ranged from 12 cm×6 cm to 20 cm×15 cm. Flap donor sites were closed by direct suture or skin grafting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-five flaps survived completely. Only one flap suffered partial margin necrosis in the size of 2 cm×1 cm, which was healed after dressing change. Patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months. The appearance and sensation of flaps were satisfactory; no ulcer occurred; the movement of lower extremities was normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is suitable to repair the skin and soft tissue defects at distal region of leg and foot with the peroneal perforator-based sural neurofasciocutaneous flap, as it possesses reliable blood supply, long and non-bulky pedicle, and sufficient available size. The operation is also easy to perform.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Lower Extremity , General Surgery , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Methods , Soft Tissue Injuries , General Surgery , Sural Nerve , Transplantation , Surgical Flapsالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyses the clinical application of thoracodorsal artery perforator flaps (TAP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We used free or pedicled TAP flaps in 7 patients from Aug 2006 to April 2007, The age ranged from 7 to 42 years old, the perforator arteries was detected and labeled with a hand held Doppler flowmeter, the size of flaps ranged from 6 cm x 9 cm - 12 cm x 16 cm, the flaps designed with perforator artery included, all the flaps are based on the first perforator artery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps survived well, no complication occurred with lowest donor site morbidity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The thoracodorsal artery flap with latissimus dorsal muscle saved is a thin and reliable flaps with robust of blood supply, the flap can reduce significantly donor site morbidity and is a good choice for reconstructive surgery.</p>