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Objective: To investigate the factors affecting the success of conversion therapy in patients with initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) in order to provide evidence-based medical evidence for formulating individualized treatment strategies for patients. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was used in this study. Clinical data of 232 patients with initially unresectable CRLM receiving first-line systemic treatment in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 2013 to January 2020 were collected, including 98 patients of successful conversion and 134 patients of failed conversion as control. Conversion therapy scheme: 38 patients received FOLFOXIRI regimen chemotherapy (irinotecan, oxaliplatin, calcium folinate and fluorouracil), 152 patients received FOLFOX regimen (oxaliplatin, calcium folinate and fluorouracil), 19 patients received FOLRIRI regimen (irinotecan, calcium folinate and fluorouracil), 23 patients received systemic chemotherapy combined with fluorouridine hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy; 168 patients received targeted therapy, including 68 of bevacizumab and 100 of cetuximab. Logistics analysis was used to compare the factors affecting the success of conversion therapy. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate progression-free survival (PFS), and the Log-rank test was used for survival comparison. Results: Among 232 patients, 98 patients had successful conversions and 134 patients had failed conversions with a successful conversion rate of 42.2%, meanwhile 30 patients underwent simple hepatectomy and 68 underwent hepatectomy combined with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation. After first-line chemotherapy, 111 patients (47.8%) were partial remission, 57 patients (24.6%) were stable disease, and 64 patients (27.6%) were progression disease. During the median follow-up of 18.8 (1.0-87.9) months, 148 patients were dead or with tumor progression. The median PFS time of patients with successful conversion was longer than that of patients with failed conversion (31.0 months vs. 9.9 months, P<0.001). Univariate analysis found that the bilobar distribution of liver tumors (P=0.003), elevated baseline carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels (P=0.024), tumor invasion of the portal vein (P=0.001), number of metastatic tumor>8 (P<0.001), non-FOLFOXIRI (P=0.005), and no targeted therapy (P=0.038) were high risk factors for the failed conversion therapy. The results of multivariate logistics analysis indicated that the number of metastatic tumor >8 (OR=2.422, 95%CI: 1.291-4.544, P=0.006), portal vein invasion (OR=2.727, 95%CI: 1.237-4.170, P=0.008) were the independent risk factors for failed conversion therapy, while FOLFOXIRI regimen (OR=0.300, 95%CI: 0.135-0.666, P=0.003) and targeted drugs (OR=0.411, 95%CI: 0.209-0.809, P=0.010) were independent protective factors for successful conversion therapy. Conclusions: The number of metastatic tumor and portal vein invasion are key factors that affect the outcomes of conversion therapy for initially unresectable CRLM. If a patient can tolerate chemotherapy, a combination program of three-drug and targeted therapy is preferred for the active conversion therapy.
الموضوعات
Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Camptothecin/therapeutic use , Case-Control Studies , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Leucovorin/therapeutic use , Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy , Prognosis , Retrospective Studiesالملخص
Objective: Explore the usage of anti-hypertension drugs and the rationality of hypertension prescription among the primary health centers in Dongcheng District, Beijing. Method: This cross-sectional and retrospective study was applied to analyze the hypertension prescriptions from the 8 community health centers in Dongcheng District. The anatomical, therapeutic and chemical classification (ATC) codes were used to determine the drug category. ATC information was used to filter data containing antihypertensive drugs, and group the number and proportion of ATC categories. The type of drug was judged by its generic name. According to the diagnosis information in the prescription, the prescription containing the Western medicine diagnosis of hypertension was screened out. The comorbidities of hypertension in the study included 7 types of diseases including diabetes, chronic kidney disease, coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke, and dyslipidemia. The analysis of prescription rationality included rationality of combination medication, rationality of drug dosage and rationality of drug price. The agreed daily dose (DDD) method was used to analyze the rationality of drug dosage. The drug utilization index (DUI) was used as a quantitative indicator to estimate the rationality of medication, and overdose was expressed by DUI>1. The reasonableness of the drug price was judged based on the price of the drug and whether it was a drug in the "4+7" plan. Results: A total of 658 140 prescriptions were extracted as the final data set, involving 7 categories and 60 commonly used anti-hypertensive drugs, and the corresponding cost of medication was ¥96.58 million. Drugs were prescribed according to comorbidities, and the choice followed the international guidelines. Calcium channel blockers (CCB) were the most prescribed drugs in the prescriptions of patients with comorbidities, and α-adrenergic receptor antagonists were the least prescribed drugs. The proportion of diuretics prescribed in hypertensive patients complicating with heart failure was 21.17% (505/2 385), which was much higher than that of patients complicating with other comorbidities (P<0.05). The proportion of diuretics prescribed in hypertension patients complicating with dyslipidemia was lower than that of patients with other comorbidities (2 639 (0.94%), P<0.05), and β-blockers (BB) or angiotensin Ⅱreceptor blockers (ARB) were more likely to be selected (BB: 59 348 (21.08%), ARB: 51 356 (18.24%))in these patients. The proportion of BB in prescriptions for hypertension patients with chronic kidney disease was lower than that of patients with other comorbidities (P<0.05). The proportion of BB in prescriptions for hypertension patients with coronary heart disease was higher than that of other comorbidities (P<0.05). Hypertension patients with atrial fibrillation or stroke accounted for a higher proportion of CCB prescriptions (P<0.05). Single antihypertensive drug prescriptions accounted for the highest proportion, 61.19% (402 745/658 140). Two-combination prescriptions accounted for the highest proportion of combination prescriptions, 72.19% (184 392/255 395). CCB based two-combination prescriptions accounted for the highest proportion, 122 350(66.36%). ARB-based tri-combination prescriptions accounted for the highest proportion, 48 915(89.50%),followed by CCB based tri-combination prescriptions (44 732(81.85%)).There were 2 174 (0.33%) prescriptions with unreasonable combination therapies and DUI>1 were found in 48 out of 60 commonly used drugs. In all possible antihypertensive drugs, only 40.92% (109 227/266 993)followed the "4+7" plan. Conclusions: The anti-hypertensive agents from these prescriptions in the primary health centers are diverse, and the choice is generally complied with the guidelines, but some unreasonable situations existed, especially on the combined anti-hypertensive medication, overdose, and"4+7"plan is not followed completely.
الموضوعات
Humans , Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists/therapeutic use , Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Beijing/epidemiology , Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use , Community Health Centers , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hypertension/drug therapy , Prescriptions , Retrospective Studiesالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the risk factors of vertebral refracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoprotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs), and to provide reference for clinical prevention.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis of 228 OVCFs patients who met the inclusion criteria admitted from November 6, 2013 to December 14, 2018. There were 35 males and 193 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 3∶20, and aged 58 to 91 years with an average of (69.70±7.03) years. All patients were treated with PKP and had complete clinical data. According to whether refracture occurred after operation, they were divided into refracture group (24 cases) and non refracture group (204 cases). Factors that may be related to refracture (including gender, age, surgical segment, number of vertebral bodies in the surgical segment, whether combined with degenerative scoliosis, whether anti-osteoporosis treatment) were included in the univariate analyses, and the single factor analysis of statistically significant risk factors was carried out with multiple Logistic regression analysis to further clarify the independent risk factors for vertebral body refracture after PKP. Survival analysis was performed using the time of vertebral refracture after PKP as the end time of follow up, the occurrence of refracture after PKP as the endpoint event, and the presence or absence of degenerative lateral curvature as a variable factor.@*RESULTS@#All 228 patients were followed up for 1.8 to 63.6 months with an average of (28.8±15.6) months, and the refracture rate was 10.5%(24/228). There were statistically significant differences between two groups in age, number of operative vertebral bodies, whether combinedwith degenerative scoliosis and whether anti osteoporosis treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Combined scoliosis is an independent risk factor for refracture after OVCFs vertebroplasty, and it is also a possible high-risk factor for refracture after surgery.
الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Male , Fractures, Compression/surgery , Kyphoplasty/adverse effects , Osteoporotic Fractures , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Spinal Fractures/surgery , Vertebral Bodyالملخص
BACKGROUND@#Generic drugs are bioequivalent to their brand-name counterparts; however, concerns still exist regarding the effectiveness and safety of generic drugs because of small sample sizes and short follow-up time in most studies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term antihypertensive efficacy, cost-effectiveness and cardiovascular outcomes of generic drugs compared with brand-name drugs.@*METHODS@#In a multicenter, community-based study including 7955 hypertensive patients who were prospectively followed up for an average of 2.5 years, we used the propensity-score-matching method to match the patients using brand-name drugs to those using generic drugs in a ratio of 1:2, 2176 patients using brand-name drugs and 4352 patients using generic drugs.@*RESULTS@#There were no significant differences between generic drugs and brand-name drugs in blood pressure (BP)-lowering efficacy, BP control rate, and cardiovascular outcomes including coronary heart disease and stroke. The adjusted mean (95% confidence interval [CI]) of systolic BP (SBP)-lowering was -7.9 mmHg (95% CI, -9.9 to -5.9) in the brand-name drug group and -7.1 mmHg (95% CI, -9.1 to -5.1) in the generic drug group after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, number of antihypertensive drugs and traditionally cardiovascular risk factors. Among patients aged <60 years, brand-name drugs had a higher BP control rate (47% vs. 41%; P = 0.02) and a greater effect in lowering SBP compared with generic drugs, with the between-group difference of 1.5 mmHg (95% CI, 0.2-2.8; P = 0.03). BP control rate was higher in male patients using brand-name drugs compared with those using generic drugs (46% vs. 40%; P = 0.01). Generic drugs treatment yielded an average annual incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $315.4 per patient per mmHg decrease in SBP compared with brand-name drugs treatment.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Our data suggested that generic drugs are suitable and cost-effective in improving hypertension management and facilitating public health benefits, especially in low- and middle-income areas.
الموضوعات
Aged , Humans , Male , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Blood Pressure , China , Drugs, Generic/therapeutic use , Prospective Studiesالملخص
Genetic as well as genomic study has advanced the development of precision medicine. We are marching on the road for right patients who are receiving more and more right treatment at right time. In hypertension field, precision medicine is available, actionable and affordable. First and the most practical advancement is monogenic hypertension, the disease-genes have been found for at least 17 types of monogenic hypertension. These patients can be precisely treated according to their carried gene mutation. Secondly, pharmacogenetic and pharmacogenomic guided anti-hypertensive drug selection, very promising but lack of clinic outcome data to support widely clinical application. Majority of hypertension are due to multiple genetic and environmental factors. GWAS fund some genetic variants related to primary hypertension, but these variants can only be responsible for 1-10% of blood pressure variation. We have a long way to go in exploring the real cause of primary hypertension.
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The main symptom of chronicprostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) include perineal pain or discomfort, lower urinary tract symptom, mental and psychological problems, and sexual dysfunction (SD). Numerous studies confirmed a higher probability than normal in people suffering from the CP/CPPS accompanied by SD. It was characterized by repeated attacks and difficulty in curing. As a heterogeneous syndrome, the available evidence fails to indicate its pathogenesis and first-line diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of CP/CPPS with SD, and further explores the combined treatment of UPOINT(S) clinical phenotype classification system and multimodal therapy.
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OBJECTIVES@#To distinguish the injury characteristic changes on the drivers between the injuries of drivers and passengers in traffic accidents, and to provide scientific evidence for confirming the identity of driver in traffic accidents.@*METHODS@#Data of 126 automobile traffic accident death cases in the reclamation areas of Heilongjiang province from 2006-2014 were retrospectively studied. The injury characteristics on the drivers of automobile traffic accident death cases were analyzed and the forensic identification problem in the injuries of drivers and passengers were discussed.@*RESULTS@#Injuries were frequently observed on driver's neck, chest and abdomen. The characteristic injuries caused by auto parts were also found, which appeared at the places of passenger's head, face and limbs contacted with automobile. Such characteristic injuries were not found at other places.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The location and type of injury are associated with the identity of the deceased.
الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Accidents, Traffic/statistics & numerical data , Automobile Driving/statistics & numerical data , Automobiles , China/epidemiology , Death , Extremities/injuries , Head , Retrospective Studies , Thoraxالملخص
OBJECTIVES@#To study the morphological characteristics of the injury caused by ox horn on human body and its injury mechanism, and to discuss the rules and characteristics of injury by ox horn and provide forensic evidences for identification of such cases.@*METHODS@#The comparative analysis of position and morphological characteristics were performed by summarizing the data of 100 victims gored by ox accepted by Heilongjiang agricultural areas public security bureau during 2004-2014.@*RESULTS@#The specific injuries only could be found at the contact positions such as thorax and abdomen, lower back and limbs of the victims gored by ox horn. Most of the skin wounds had the characteristics of sharp injuries, the bar-type injury by club which called "rail way bruise" was an obvious characteristic appeared on the soft tissue.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Ox horn can cause non-specific injuries on thorax and abdomen, lower back and limbs of human body, which are similar with the characteristics of sharp injury and injury by club. Careful analyzation and identification should be performed on such injury in daily work.
الموضوعات
Animals , Cattle , Female , Humans , Abdominal Injuries/etiology , Lower Extremity , Thorax , Wounds and Injuries/etiology , Wounds, Penetratingالملخص
Objective:To explore therapeutic effect of spironolactone combined benazepril on patients with acute ante-rior myocardial infarction(AAMI)and its influence on left ventricular remodeling.Methods:A total of 100 AAMI patients treated in our hospital were regard as study object.According to therapeutic method,they were divided into benazepril group(n=50)and combined treatment group(n=50,received spironolactone combined benazepril),both groups were treated for six months.Therapeutic effect,left ventricular remodeling condition and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between two groups.Results:Compared with before treatment,after six-month treatment,there were significant rise in all indexes of heart rate variability(HRV)and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),and significant reductions in left ventricular end-systolic dimension(LVESd)and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDd)in two groups,P<0.05 or <0.01;compared with benazepril group after treatment,there were significant rise in all HRV indexes and LVEF[(52.45 ± 8.65)% vs.(57.85 ± 9.70)%],and significant reductions in LVESd[(36.25 ± 2.13)mm vs.(30.10 ± 2.06)mm]and LVEDd[(58.60 ± 6.41)mm vs.(51.29 ± 6.20)mm]in combined treatment group,P<0.01 all;there was no significant difference in total adverse reaction rate between two groups,P=1.000. Conclusion:Spironolactone combined benazepril can significantly improve HRV and heart function,inhibit left ventricular remodeling in patients with acute anterior myocardial infarction.
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Objective: To compare the clinical features between very late stent thrombosis (VLST) and very late in-stent restenosis, to discuss the potential risk factors for VLST occurrence. Methods: Our research included in 2 groups: VLST group, 21 ACS patients with coronary angiography (CAG) confirmed VLST admitted in our hospital and Control group, 38 ACS patients with CAG confirmed very late in-stent restenosis at same period of time. Basic clinical data, laboratory tests and relevant examinations were compared between 2 groups; potential risk factors for VLST occurrence were studied by Logistic regression analysis. Results: ① There were 8 (38.1%) patients discontinued anti-platelet therapy in a month by themselves in VLST group and 5 (13.2%) in Control group, P=0.03. ② 13 (61.9%) patients presented as ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in VLST group, while all (100%) patients presented as Non-ST-segment elevation ACS (NST-ACS) in Control group, P<0.001. ③ The age, gender, previous histories of hypertension, diabetes, MI, smoking and interventional therapy were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. ④ Compared with Control group, VLST group had decreased LVEF, P=0.001, increased peak values of TnI and NT-pro BNP, elevated WBC and hs-CRP, all P<0.001. ⑤ The index of echocardiography, blood lipid profiles, glucose and creatinine were similar between 2 groups, P>0.05. ⑥ Logistic regression analysis showed that discontinued anti-platelet therapy, elevated NT-pro BNP and hs-CRP were the independent risk factors for VLST occurrence, P<0.05. Conclusion: VLST may have life-threatening clinical features, insisted anti-platelet therapy and improved cardiac function could reduce VLST occurrence.
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Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion is one of the most common complications in the postoperative period. Current remedies are very ineffective to prevent the pathological outcomes except steroid hormones. Rhynchophylline is deemed as a pharmacologically active component from traditional Oriental medicine Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks. (Rubiaceae). This study was designed to investigate the preventative effect of rhynchophylline on the abdominal adhesions in rats. Rhynchophylline relieved the experimental abdominal adhesion and decreased the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the blood serum in a dose-dependent manner. The levels of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were reduced significantly in the peritoneal fluid. The potential mechanism of the activity is related to inhibition of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.
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Objective To investigate the effect of the novel curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes on rabbit alkaline burns. Methods Curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes were prepared with a film method. The particle sizes, zeta potentials and encapsulation efficiencies of liposomes were determined. Rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: the physiological saline group, the blank chitosan coated liposomes group, the dexamethasone group, and the curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes group. The rabbit corneal alkaline burn models were built and respectively processed with the above medicines. The corneal neovascularization (CNV) and proportion of corneal epithelium healing were analyzed with the slit-lamp microscope and digital photographs. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was examined with an immunohistochemical method. Results The curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes had the particle size of 96.6±14.7 nm, with the average zeta potential of 58.8±2.3 mV, and the encapsulation efficiency of 51.41±1.1%. The CNV was effectively inhibited and the expression of VEGF decreased due to the curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes and dexamethasone. Furthermore, the curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes improved epithelial healing of corneal more effectively than dexamethasone. Conclusion The encapsulation efficiency of the curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes was high. The effects of the curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes on inhibition of CNV and improvement of healing of cornea epithelium were obvious. Curcumin-loaded chitosan liposomes are novel ophthalmic delivery formulations for the treatment of corneal alkaline burns.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical value and operation skills of nasal endoscopy-assisted bulboprostatic anastomosis in the treatment of posterior urethral stricture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2012 and November 2014, we performed nasal endoscopy-assisted bulboprostatic anastomosis for 12 male patients with posterior urethral stricture. We recorded the operation time, blood loss, exposure of operation visual field, and success rate of anastomosis and summarized the operation skills.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight of the patients experienced first-stage recovery. Two underwent a urethral dilation at 3 months postoperatively, 1 received 10 urethral dilations within 5 months after surgery, and 1 underwent internal urethrotomy after failure in urethral dilation, but all the 4 cases were cured.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nasal endoscopy can significantly improve the operation field exposure, elevate the precision, reduce the difficulty, and enhance the efficiency of bulboprostatic anastomosis in the treatment of posterior urethral stricture.</p>
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Anastomosis, Surgical , Endoscopy , Operative Time , Postoperative Period , Urethra , Pathology , General Surgery , Urethral Stricture , General Surgeryالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate and compare standard sperm parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation in seminal ejaculates from men whose partners had a history of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) and a control group of men who had recently established their fertility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Semen samples from 85 patients with a history of RPL and 20 men with proven fertility were analyzed according to World Health Organization guidelines. Sperm DNA fragmentation was detected by sperm chromatin dispersion test (SCD).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A significant difference (P< 0.05) was observed in sperm motility but not other parameters between the two groups. The mean number of sperm cells with fragmented DNA, represented as DNA fragmentation index, was significantly increased in the RPL group [(34.99± 14.62)%] compared with controls [(10.82± 4.80)%].</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study has indicated that sperm from men with a history of RPL have a higher incidence of DNA damage and poor motility compared with fertile males.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Pregnancy , Abortion, Habitual , Genetics , DNA Damage , DNA Fragmentation , Sperm Motilityالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the factors influencing mother-infant vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 635 pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B or chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers were enrolled. The rate of HBV infection was compared between the infants born from the pregnant women of different HBV-DNA load, different ways of delivery and different liver functions at birth and 3 months after birth. The newborn infants were routinely injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (200 IU) and hepatitis B vaccine (10 μg) within 12 hrs of birth. The newborns presenting HBV infection within 24 hrs of birth by serum test were re-injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin (200 IU) 14 days after birth.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rate of HBV infection in infants with maternal HBV-DNA load >10(5) copies/mL was higher than in those with maternal HBV-DNA load ≤ 10(5) copies/mL at birth (14.4% vs 4.1%; P<0.01) and 3 months after birth (4.7% vs 0; P<0.01).The rate of HBV infection at 3 months was lower than at birth in both groups. The rate of HBV infection in infants born by natural labor was higher than in those born by caesarean birth at birth (P<0.05), however, by 3 months after birth, the rate of HBV infection between the two groups was similar. The rate of HBV infection was higher in infants born to chronic asymptomatic HBV carrier mothers than that in infants born to chronic hepatitis B mothers at birth (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences in the two groups 3 months later.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The maternal HBV-DNA load is correlated with the rate of HBV infection of infants. It might thus be an effective way to reduce the rate of HBV infection in infants by decreasing maternal HBV-DNA load. With the administration of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B vaccine, the delivery way and the liver function of pregnant women may not to be factors influencing mother-infant HBV vertical transmission.</p>
الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Carrier State , DNA, Viral , Blood , Hepatitis B , Epidemiology , Hepatitis B, Chronic , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Viral Loadالملخص
Objective To investigate the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) on the osteogenic activities of human osteosarcoma cell line SaOS-2. Methods SaOS-2 cells were exposed to rhBMP-2 for 12,24,48 h at 0(control) ,2,20,200 μg/L, respectively. The mRNA expression of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and bone gla(BCP) were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results The mRNA expression of ALP and BGP of SaOS-2 cells increased gradually with rhBMP-2. The mRNA expression of ALP of the 20 μg/L group exposed for 48 h(1.60 ± 0.64), and the 200 μg/L group exposed for 12,48 h(1.70 ± 0.41, 1.80±0.19) were significantly higher than those of control (12 h: 0.80±0.25, 48 h: 0.74±0.21, allP<0.05). The mRNA expression of BGP of the 2 μg/L group exposed for 24 h(1.67 ± 0.33), the 20 μg/L group exposed for 12,24 h(2.42 ± 0.13,1.82 ± 0.14) and the 200 μg/L group exposed for 12,24 h(1.46 ± 0.11,1.24 ± 0.07) were significantly higher than those of control( 12 h: 1.01 ± 0.14, 24 h: 0.84 ± 0.12, all P< 0.05). Conclusions rhBMP-2 can promote the mRNA expression of ALP and BGP of SaOS-2 cells. They have a dose-response relationship, but represent a different dose-response effect.
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Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and chronic prostatitis (CP) are common diseases in males, and BPH is often complicated by CP. This review focuses on the relationship of BPH with CP and their epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical features. Patients with BPH or CP are more likely to be subjected to another disease. Inflammation may be involved in the development of BPH. Compared with simple BPH, patients with CP-complicated BPH have significantly higher scores on age, prostate weight, prostate volume, and IPSS. Some related therapies are also evaluated, such as selective use of the alpha1-receptor blocker, 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, antibiotics, ultrasound microbubble contrast agents, and so on.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Chronic Disease , Prostatic Hyperplasia , Prostatitisالملخص
0.05).Conclusions There is imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells in CHB children.Th1 cytokines are positively correlated with hepatic inflammatory activity.In the course of disease,Th2 cytokines are predominant and they have a correlation to the chronic prognosis of the illness.So we can conclude the degree and prognosis of disease by observing the change of Th1/Th2 cytokines in CHB children.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a new method of evaluating Children's bone status, including bone mineral density and bone strength. The bone nutrition during fetal and early neonatal period is very important for the human bone development of whole life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical application of QUS for newborn infants and to obtain the QUS data for normal neonates including premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An ultrasound bone sonometer, Omnisense, produced by Sunlight company of Israel, was applied to measure the bone speed of sound (SOS) of tibia in 157 neonates including 68 premature infants in the first week of life.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) No significant difference in SOS was found between male (n = 88, SOS = 2968 +/- 115 m/s) and female infants (n = 69, SOS = 2956 +/- 105 m/s) (P = 0.524). The SOS of premature infants (n = 68, mean gestational age 33.0 +/- 2.5 weeks) and full-term infants (n = 89, mean gestational age of 39.4 +/- 1.3 weeks) were 2935 +/- 96 m/s and 2984 +/- 116 m/s, respectively, at birth and there was significant difference between them (P = 0.005). (2) There were significant differences of SOS in neonates who were born in different seasons (F = 4.377, P = 0.005); the significant difference remained (F = 3.933, P = 0.010) after the influences of gestational age and birth weight were eliminated. The SOS in neonates born in spring (March, April and May) and summer (June, July and August) were significantly lower than that of those born in autumn (September, October and November) and winter (December, January and February). The SOS in neonates born in summer was about 2.3% (75/2999) was lower than that of those born in winter. (3) Significant difference of SOS was observed between neonates with different birth weight [< 1500 g (n = 11), SOS = 2968 +/- 115 m/s; and > 2500 g (n = 86), SOS = 2980 +/- 113 m/s; P = 0.042]. (4) Significant correlations were found between SOS and gestational age (r = 0.270, P = 0.005), and between bone SOS and birth weight (r = 0.232, P = 0.015) in appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants (n = 109); however, no such significant correlations were found in small for gestational age (SGA) infants or large for gestational age (LGA) infants. Multiple regression analysis showed that gestational age and the birth season were two important factors which may contribute to bone SOS of neonates at birth (n = 157, F = 8.515, P < 0.001, adjusted R(2) = 0.141), when the analysis was carried out with SOS as dependent variable and gestational age, birth weight, chronological age, calf length and the birth season as independent variables.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>QUS is a new method which is suitable for evaluating the bone status of neonates and it is free of radiation, non-invasive, the machine is portable and easy to manipulate at infant bed side. The present study suggests the need for particular care for the bone status in premature infants and supplement of vitamin D in pregnant women.</p>
الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Pregnancy , Bone Density , Bone Development , Physiology , Infant, Premature , Regression Analysis , Tibia , Diagnostic Imaging , Ultrasonographyالملخص
<p><b>AIM</b>To determine the age-adjusted prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in 3 big cities of China and to explore its potential sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle correlates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional, population-based survey was conducted in three cities of China. Structured questionnaires were administered to 2 226 men, aged 20 - 86 years, by trained interviewers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The age-adjusted prevalence of ED was 28.34 % (mild 15.99 %, moderate 7.14 %, severe 5.21 %). In the men above 40, the prevalence was 40.2 %. Age was positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Education was negatively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Spouse companionship, living condition were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Histories of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Cigarette smoking was not correlated with ED (P>0.05), while the cigarette consumption and duration were positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Alcohol drinking is negatively correlated with ED (P<0.01). The duration of drinking was positively correlated with ED (P<0.01). Weekly alcohol consumption was not correlated with ED (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of ED increased with age. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with the increased prevalence. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, such as education, spouse companionship, living condition, cigarette and alcohol consumption or duration also have association with the prevalence of ED.</p>