Selective cytotoxic effect of Annona muricata L. in HCC1954 (HER2+) breast cancer cells / Efecto citotóxico selectivo de Annona muricata L. en células HCC1954 (HER2+) de cáncer de mama

Annona muricata Linn. (Annonaceae) is a tropical plant with multiple beneficial health effects including anticancer properties. In breast cancer patients, overexpression of the HER2 oncoprotein corresponds to a poor prognosis, thus the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of ethanolic extracts from dried and fresh leaf of A. muricata on HER2+ breast cancer cells. MTT assays were performed and IC50 determined in HCC1954 (HER2+) cells, as well as in MCF7 (HER-) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) used as controls. Total polyphenol content evaluation and phytochemical screening were also performed. The cytotoxic effect of A. muricata extracts (125-1000 µg/mL) was dose-dependent and cell-type specific. The extracts exhibited higher cytotoxicity against HCC1954 than MCF7 cells, but weak toxicity against PBMC. This is the first report of the cytotoxic effect of A. muricata on HCC1954 cells, highlighting its potential for treating anti-estrogen-resistant breast cancers and low toxicity against PBMC.

Annona muricata Linn. (Annonaceae) es una planta tropical con múltiples efectos benéficos en la salud incluyendo propiedades antitumorales. En pacientes con cáncer de mama la sobreexpresión del oncogen HER2 corresponde a un mal pronóstico, por lo que el objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la citotoxicidad de extractos etanólicos de hojas secas y frescas de A. muricata en células tumorales de mama HER2+. Se aplicaron pruebas de MTT y se determinaron IC50en células HCC1954 (HER2+); se utilizaron células MCF7 (HER-) y células mononucleares de sangre periférica (PBMC) como control. Se valoró también el contenido en polifenoles totales, y se realizó un tamizaje fitoquímico. El efecto citotóxico de los extractos de A. muricata (125-1000 µg/mL) fue dosis-dependiente y específico para cada tipo celular. Los extractos presentaron mayor actividad citotóxica contra HCC1954 en comparación con MCF7 y baja toxicidad contra PBMC. Este es el primer reporte del efecto citotóxico de A. muricata en HCC1954 y destaca su potencial terapéutico para tratamiento de cáncer de mama resistentes a antiestrógeno y baja citotoxicidad contra PBMC.

Development, Characterization and Microbiological Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles, Obtained by Green Synthesis, from the Extract of Annona muricata L

Abstract Green synthesis is an efficient method, frequently applied in nanobiotechnology, as it does not use toxic reagents or solvents. Biological organisms, including medicinal plants, have been used successfully for manufacturing of different types of metallic nanoparticles. The aim of this work was to synthesize, characterize and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) obtained from the extract of the pulp, seed and leaves of Annona muricata L. The particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, as well as morphological aspects of AgNPs were evaluated. With the data obtained from the analyses, we concluded that the nanoparticles were successfully obtained by a simple and green method using the aqueous extract of the pulp, seeds and leaves of A. muricata. AgNPs obtained by A. muricata pulp extract without exposure to artificial light showed lowest average of hydrodynamic diameter and smallest size at field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). In addition, these nanoparticles showed the best polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential of - 29.6, which indicates good stability. AgNPs obtained from the extract of the pulp, seed and leaves showed antimicrobial activity, against strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria, and antifungal activity, compared to the pure extract.

Actividad cicatrizante de seis extractos hidroalcohólicos de plantas en heridas incisas de Rattus norvegicus albinus / Healing activity of six hydroalcoholic extracts of plants in incised wounds of Rattus norvegicus albinus

Introducción: En la medicina militar, los agentes cicatrizantes naturales frente a heridas por incisión son relevantes en el tratamiento de los militares. Objetivo: Evaluar la actividad cicatrizante de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de Peperomia congona Sodiro (congona), Annona muricata L. (guanábana), Urtica urens L. (ortiga),Ormosia coccinea (Aubl) Jacks (huayruro), Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill. (tuna) y Musa acuminata Colla (plátano bellaco) en heridas incisas de Rattus norvegicus albinus (rata albina). Métodos: Estudio analítico experimental de tipo prospectivo y longitudinal. Se realizó el análisis fitoquímico preliminar de los 6 extractos. Se emplearon 80 ratas albinas machos, aleatorizadas y distribuidas en 8 grupos (n = 10). Se realizó una aplicación dermal durante 10 días consecutivos posteriores a la generación de heridas incisas que se realizaron en el dorso. Grupo I (cloruro de sodio al 0,9 por ciento). Grupo II (gel cicatrizante comercial). Del Grupo III al VIII fueron tratados con extracto hidroalcohólico de congona, guanábana, ortiga, huairuro, tuna y plátano bellaco respectivamente. La evolución de la cicatrización fue seguida en los días 1, 5 y 11 y medida en milímetros. Resultados: Se detectó la presencia de alcaloides, compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides en los 6 extractos; además de cumarinas en congona, taninos en guanábana, ortiga, tuna y huayruro, y quinonas en guanábana y plátano bellaco. Se comprobó la actividad cicatrizante en los extractos de guanábana (69,77 por ciento), tuna (66,27 por ciento), plátano bellaco (64,38 por ciento), ortiga (56,73 por ciento), congona (55,74 por ciento) y huayruro (54,50 por ciento), comparados con un gel comercial (72,21 por ciento). Conclusiones: El extracto hidroalcohólico de las hojas de Annona muricata L. (guanábana) presentó la mayor actividad cicatrizante en heridas incisas de ratas albinas machos(AU)

Introduction: In military medicine, natural healing agents against incision wounds are relevant in the treatment of the military. Objective: To evaluate the healing activity of the hydroalcoholic extracts of Peperomia congona Sodiro (congona), Annona muricata L. (guanabana), Urtica urens L. (ortiga), Ormosia coccinea (Aubl) Jacks (huairuro), Opuntia ficus-indica L. Mill. (tuna) and Musa acuminata Colla (platano bellaco) in incised wounds of Rattus norvegicus albinus (albino rat). Methods: Experimental analytical study of prospective and longitudinal type. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the 6 extracts was carried out. We used 80 male albino rats, randomized and distributed in 8 groups (n = 10). A dermal application was made during 10 consecutive days after the generation of incised wounds that were made on the back. Group I (0.9 percent sodium chloride). Group II (commercial healing gel). From Group III to VIII they were treated with hydroalcoholic extract of congona, guanábana, ortiga, huairuro, tuna and platano bellaco respectively. The evolution of healing was followed on days 1, 5 and 11 and measured in millimeters. Results: The presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds and flavonoids was detected in the 6 extracts; in addition to coumarins in congona, tannins in guanábana, nettle, tuna and huayruro, quinonas in guanábana and plantain bellaco. The healing activity was verified in the extracts of guanabana (69.77 percent), tuna (66.27 percent), platano bellaco (64.38 percent), ortiga (56.73 percent), congona (55.74 percent) and huayruro (54.50 percent), compared with a commercial gel (72.21 percent). Conclusions: The hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves of Annona muricata L. (guanábana) showed the highest healing activity in incised wounds of male albino rats(AU)

Avaliação sensorial e intenção de compra de doce em massa de graviola / Sensory evaluation and intention to purchase of candy in graviola mass

Objetivou-se desenvolver e avaliar sensorialmente doces em massa de graviola com substituição parcial da sacarose por xarope de glicose. As formulações de doces foram elaboradas variando a concentração de xarope de glicose em substituição a sacarose. A análise sensorial foi aprovada pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba. Os doces apresentaram cor, aroma e sabor característicos do fruto. Percebeu-se que a aceitação sensorial apresentou semelhança significativas entre as formulações e boa impressão global, ficando com média que remete a “gostei moderadamente”. Todas as formulações alcançaram valores satisfatórios para a avaliação sensorial, sendo a formulação com substituição parcial de 19,70% a que apresentou maior aceitação.

Formation of soursop seedlings irrigated using waters with different salinity levels and nitrogen fertilization / Formação de mudas de gravioleira irrigadas com águas de distintas salinidades e adubação nitrogenada

Using saline waters in agriculture has become common in many regions worldwide, but some techniques have been developed to enable the use of these waters in order not to harm the crop. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the growth of soursop seedlings, cv. 'Morada Nova', under interaction between salt stress and nitrogen (N) fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in randomized block design, in 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates, formed by the combination of five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.3; 1.1; 1.9; 2.4 and 3.5 dS m-¹) and four N doses (70, 100, 130 and 160%). The dose relative to 100% corresponded to 100 mg of N dm-³ of soil. The interaction between N doses and water salinity levels did not affect the seedling production stage of soursop, cv. 'Morada Nova'. The growth of 'Morada Nova' soursop seedlings subjected to different water salinity levels was less affected in the initial stage (45 days after treatment application). Water with ECw of 2.0 dS m-¹ can be used to produce soursop seedlings, because it leads to an acceptable mean growth reduction of 10%. N doses higher than 70 mg dm-³ do not either attenuate salt stress or promote higher growth of soursop seedlings, cv. 'Morada Nova'.

O uso de águas salinas na agricultura tornou-se um fato corriqueiro em diversas regiões do mundo. Contudo algumas técnicas têm sido desenvolvidas para viabilizar o uso dessas águas de modo a não prejudicar a cultura. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento de mudas de gravioleira cv. Morada Nova sob interação entre a salinidade da água de irrigação e adubação nitrogenada. Desenvolvida em casa de vegetação em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, com quatro repetições, constituído pela combinação de cinco condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação CEa (0.3; 1.1; 1.9; 2.4 e 3.5 dS m-¹) e quatro doses (70, 100, 130 e 160% de nitrogênio). Sendo a dose referente a 100%, correspondente a 100 mg de N por dm-³ de solo. A interação entre os fatores doses de nitrogênio e níveis de salinidade da água não afetaram a fase de produção de mudas de gravioleira cv. Morada Nova. O crescimento das mudas de gravioleira cv. Morada Nova, submetidas a diferentes níveis de salinidade da água foi menos comprometido pela salinidade na fase inicial (45 Dias após aplicação dos tratamentos). Na produção de mudas de gravioleira pode-se usar água de CEa de até 2.0 dS m-¹ pois proporciona redução média aceitável de 10% no crescimento. Doses de nitrogênio superior a 70 mg de N dm-³ de solo não atenuam o estresse salino nem promovem maior crescimento de mudas de gravioleira cv. Morada Nova.

Physical-chemical characterization of powder soursop obtained by foam-mat drying / Caracterização físico-química de pó de graviola obtido por secagem em leito de espuma

The development and improvement of fruit processing technologies in powder form is a alternative to add value to the product and increase the income of the producers, being required the knowledge of physicalchemical properties of the product. The aim of this study was to determine the physical-chemical properties of soursop powder obtained by foam-mat drying. To the foam formation, albumin was added to the pulp at concentration of 7.43% in mass and subjected in mixer for 15 min; then, it was spread onto trays forming a thin layer about 5.0 mm thick, and the drying conditions were: 40, 50, 60, 70 and 80 °C, 5.6 m s-1 and 60%. Moisture content, water activity, titratable total acidity and hydrogenic potential of soursop powder indicate good stability of the product obtained by foam-mat drying, without the need of addition of preservatives for its conservation. Reducing sugars increased with increasing drying temperature due to the concentration of the compounds caused by moisture content reduction. In addition, the color was the physical-chemical property that presented greater sensitivity to drying, mainly by darkening index. Temperatures lower than 60 °C indicate higher preservation of initial characteristics for soursop powder. Besides that, bulk density, true density, porosity and repose angle increased subtly with drying temperature.

O desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento de tecnologias de processamentos de frutos na forma de pó é uma alternativa para agregar valor ao produto e aumentar a renda dos produtores, sendo necessário para isso o conhecimento das propriedades físico-químicas do produto. Assim objetivou-se determinar as propriedades físicoquímicas do pó de graviola obtido pelo método de secagem em leito de espuma. Para a formação da espuma foi adicionada, à polpa, albumina, na concentração de 7,43% em massa e submetida à agitação em batedeira doméstica, durante 15 min; em seguida, esta foi espalhada sobre bandejas formando uma camada fina de cerca de 5,0 mm de espessura cujas condições de secagem foram: de 40, 50, 60, 70 e 80 °C, 5,6 m s-1 e 60%. O teor de água, atividade de água, acidez total titulável e o potencial hidrogeniônico do pó de graviola indicam boa estabilidade do produto obtido pelo método de secagem em leito de espuma, não necessitando portanto, da adição de conservantes para sua conservação. Os açúcares aumentaram com o incremento da temperatura de secagem devido a concentração dos compostos provocada pela redução do teor de água. Adicionalmente, a cor foi a propriedade físico-química que apresentou maior sensibilidade à secagem, principalmente pelo índice de escurecimento. Temperaturas menores que 60 °C indicam maior preservação das características iniciais para o pó de graviola. Além disso, a massa específica aparente e unitária, a porosidade e o ângulo de repouso aumentaram sutilmente com a temperatura de secagem.

Anticancer activity test of ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi isolated from soursop leaf (Annona muricata L.)

Objective To analyze anticancer activity of an ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi isolated from soursop leaf (Annona muricata L.). Methods Anticancer activity of fungal extracts was determined by observing its toxicity against MCF-7 (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7) cells in vitro by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay method. At an extract concentration of 100 μg/mL, 4 isolates out of 12 showed high activity against the cancer cell growth. The four isolates were then selected for further IC

Caracterización de la pulpa de Annona Muricata L. cultivada en el Norte del Departamento de Bolivar - Colombia / Characterization of the pulp of Annona Muricata L. grown in the north of Bolívar Department in Colombia

Introducción: la Annona muricata L. (guanábana) es una de las frutas con mayor contenido vitamínico, además posee minerales como sodio, calcio, magnesio, potasio, fósforo y hierro. En Colombia se comercializa en fresco constituyéndose en toda una industria que representa ganancia para los fruticultores, al ser considerada como una de las frutas tropicales más gustosas y promisorias. Objetivo: caracterizar la pulpa de A. muricata cultivada en norte del departamento de Bolívar-Colombia. Métodos: A. muricata fue recolectada en el municipio de Turbana, ubicado en el norte del departamento de Bolívar (10º 16' 22″ latitud norte y 75º 26' 38″ longitud oeste). La pulpa de la guanábana se obtuvo a partir del fruto; y le se determinó pH, Brix, acidez titulable, índice de madurez, contenido de vitamina C (ácido ascórbico), humedad, ceniza, grasa, proteínas, fibra cruda, carbohidratos y minerales (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ , Fe2+ y K+). Resultados: el rendimiento de la pulpa fue del 75 por ciento, los sólidos solubles totales 14,10°Brix, acidez 0,87 por ciento ácido málico, índice de maduración 16,21, pH 3,97, ceniza 0,70 por ciento, humedad 81,49 por ciento, proteína 1,49por ciento, grasa 0,2 por ciento, fibra cruda 1,64 por ciento, carbohidratos 16,12 por ciento y Vitamina C 27,44 mg ácido ascórbico. El mineral más abundante presente en la pulpa de la guanábana es el potasio con un valor de 45,2 mg. Conclusiones: la pulpa de A. muricata es considerado como promisorio para diseñar productos nutracéuticos por su elevado contenido de vitamina C(AU)

Introduction: Annona muricata L. (soursop) is one of the fruits with the highest content of vitamins, as well as minerals like sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and iron. In Colombia it is sold fresh, and constitutes a whole industry yielding profits for its growers, being as it is one of the tastiest and promising fruits. Objective: Characterize the pulp of A. muricata grown in the north of Bolívar Department in Colombia. Methods: A. muricata was collected from the municipality of Turbana, in the north of Bolívar Department (10º16?22?N 75º26?38?W). The soursop pulp was obtained from the fruit. Determination was made of pH, Brix, titratable acidity, maturation index, content of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), humidity, ash, fat, proteins, crude fiber, carbohydrates and minerals (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, Fe2+ and K+). Results: The following results were obtained: pulp yield 75 percent, total soluble solids 14, 10°Brix, acidity 0.87 percent malic acid, maturation index 16.21, pH 3.97, ash 0.70 percent, humidity 81.49 percent, protein 1.49 percent fat 0.2 percent, crude fiber 1.64 percent, carbohydrates 16.12 percent and vitamin C 27.44 mg ascorbic acid. The most abundant mineral in soursop pulp was potassium, with 45.2 mg. Conclusions: A. muricata pulp is considered to be promising for the design of nutraceutical products, due to its high vitamin C content(AU)

Optimización de las variables de extracción de flavonoides a partir de hojas de Annona muricata L / Optimization of variables for extraction of flavonoids from Annona muricata L. leaves

Introducción: la Annona muricata L. (guanábana) se emplea en la etnomedicina para el tratamiento de diferentes enfermedades. Se han determinado la presencia de flavonoides en las hojas, los cuales poseen propiedades antidiabéticas, antioxidantes y antiinflamatorias. Objetivo: evaluar la influencia de parámetros operacionales de extracción en la obtención de flavonoides a partir de las hojas de A. muricata. Métodos: se emplearon hojas secas, previamente molidas como material vegetal y etanol como disolvente. La evaluación de las variables de operación se realizó a partir de un diseño experimental de superficie respuesta compuesto central rotacional 23 con puntos estrellas, seleccionándose los intervalos entre 50 y 70 mL/g para la relación material vegetal-volumen de disolvente, entre 40 y 80 por ciento la concentración de etanol y entre 2 y 3 h el tiempo de extracción. Se determinó la presencia de flavonoides y quercetina en los extractos obtenidos. La cuantificación de flavonoides totales se realizó por un método colorimétrico a 430 nm, expresado como quercetina. Para la mejor condición experimental se realizaron experimentos por triplicado y se comparó con el valor predicho por el diseño encontrándose una buena correlación entre ambos. Resultados: la condición óptima en la extracción de flavonoides totales se obtuvo a una concentración de etanol de un 96 por ciento, una relación de 70 ml/g y un tiempo de 1,6 h. Las variables significativas resultaron los efectos cuadráticos de la relación material vegetal-volumen de disolvente y la concentración de etanol. Conclusiones: se seleccionaron las mejores condiciones de extracción en la obtención de un extracto a partir de hojas de guanábana con presencia de flavonoides, a partir de las cuales se alcanzó un rendimiento del proceso de extracción de 87 por ciento(AU)

Introduction: Annona muricata L. (soursop) is used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various diseases. Leaves of this species have been found to contain flavonoids, which are compounds with antidiabetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Objective: evaluate the influence of operational parameters on the extraction of flavonoids from A. muricata leaves. Methods: dry ground leaves were used as plant material and ethanol as solvent. Evaluation of the operational variables was based on a 23 experimental rotatable response surface central composite design with star points, selecting the intervals between 50 and 70 ml/g for the plant material / solvent volume ratio, 40 percent to 80 percent for ethanol concentration and 2 to 3 h for extraction time. Flavonoids and quercetin were found in the extracts obtained. Total flavonoids were quantified using a colorimetric method at 430 nm, expressed as quercetin. Experiments were conducted in triplicate to determine the best experimental condition. Comparison with the design value predicted showed a good correlation between the two. Results: the optimal condition for extraction of total flavonoids was reached at an ethanol concentration of 96 percent, a 70 ml/g ratio and a time of 1.6 h. The variables found to be significant were the quadratic effects of the plant material / solvent volume ratio and ethanol concentration. Conclusions: a selection was made of the best conditions to obtain an extract from soursop leaves containing flavonoids, in which an extraction output of 87 percent was achieved in the extraction process(AU)

Experimental Lachesis muta rhombeata envenomation and effects of soursop (Annona muricata) as natural antivenom

In the Atlantic forest of the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, local population often uses the fruit juice and the aqueous extract of leaves of soursop (Annona muricata L.) to treat Lachesis muta rhombeata envenomation. Envenomation is a relevant health issue in these areas, especially due to its severity and because the production and distribution of antivenom is limited in these regions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of the use of soursop leaf extract and its juice against envenomation by Lachesis muta rhombeata. Methods We evaluated the biochemical, hematological and hemostatic parameters, the blood pressure, the inflammation process and the lethality induced by Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom. We also assessed the action of the aqueous extract of leaves (AmL) and juice (AmJ) from A. muricata on the animal organism injected with L. m. rhombeata venom (LmrV) in the laboratory environment. Results LmrV induced a decrease of total protein, albumin and glucose; and increase of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea concentrations. It provoked hemoconcentration followed by reduction of hematocrit, an increase in prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time and a decrease of the blood pressure. LmrV induced the release of interleukin-6, an increase in neutrophils and changes in the serum protein profile, characteristic of the acute inflammatory process. LD50 values were similar for the groups injected with LmrV and treated or untreated with AmJ and AmL. Both treatments play a role on the maintenance of blood glucose, urea and coagulation parameters and exert a protective action against the myotoxicity. However, they seem to worsen the hypotension caused by LmrV. Conclusion The treatments with AmJ and AmL present some beneficial actions, but they might intensify some effects of the venom. Therefore, additional studies on A. muricata are necessary to enable its use as natural antivenom for bushmaster snakebite.

Experimental Lachesis muta rhombeata envenomation and effects of soursop (Annona muricata) as natural antivenom

Background In the Atlantic forest of the North and Northeast regions of Brazil, local population often uses the fruit juice and the aqueous extract of leaves of soursop (Annona muricata L.) to treat Lachesis muta rhombeata envenomation. Envenomation is a relevant health issue in these areas, especially due to its severity and because the production and distribution of antivenom is limited in these regions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relevance of the use of soursop leaf extract and its juice against envenomation by Lachesis muta rhombeata. Methods We evaluated the biochemical, hematological and hemostatic parameters, the blood pressure, the inflammation process and the lethality induced by Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom. We also assessed the action of the aqueous extract of leaves (AmL) and juice (AmJ) from A. muricata on the animal organism injected with L. m. rhombeata venom (LmrV) in the laboratory environment. Results LmrV induced a decrease of total protein, albumin and glucose; and increase of creatine kinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and urea concentrations. It provoked hemoconcentration followed by reduction of hematocrit, an increase in prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time and a decrease of the blood pressure. LmrV induced the release of interleukin-6, an increase in neutrophils and changes in the serum protein profile, characteristic of the acute inflammatory process. LD50 values were similar for the groups injected with LmrV and treated or untreated with AmJ and AmL. Both treatments play a role on the maintenance of blood glucose, urea and coagulation parameters and exert a protective action against the myotoxicity. However, they seem to worsen the hypotension caused by LmrV. Conclusion The treatments with AmJ and AmL present some beneficial actions, but they might intensify some effects of the venom. Therefore, additional studies on A. muricata are necessary to enable its use as natural antivenom for bushmaster snakebite.(AU)

Evaluacion de la actividad insecticida in vitro sobre larvas de Aedes aegypti (vector de la fiebre amarilla y dengue) y determinación del efecto antibacteriano frente a cepas de Salmonella typhi spp. de las acetogeninas obtenidas a partir de extractos etanólicos de semillas de Annona muricata L. (masasamba) / Evaluation of in vitro insecticidal activity on Aedes aegypti larvae (vector of yellow fever and dengue) and determination of the antibacterial effect against strains of Salmonella typhi spp. of acetogenins obtained from ethanolic extracts of seeds of Annona muricata L. (masasamba)

El presente trabajo evaluó el efecto insecticida y efecto antibacteriano de las Acetogeninas extraídas a partir de extractos etanólicos de semillas de Annona muricata L. (Masasamba), el desarrollo de la investigación fue llevado a cabo en diferentes escenarios de la región Cusca (provincias de la Convención, Cusca, Quispicanchis). La obtención del concentrado de Acetogeninas se realizó por extracción por maceración etanólica al 70% hasta la obtención del extracto etanólico crudo, posteriormente se realizó un proceso de extracción por decantación con solventes de diferente polaridad. El concentrado de Acetogeninas fue sometido a análisis fisicoquímico y determinación de la composición química mediante cromatografía liquida de alta resolución (HPLC), determinándose con mucha probabilidad de que la Acetogenina denominada squamostatin D sea el componente mayoritario del concentrado de Acetogeninas obtenida a partir de las semillas de Annona muricata L. ( 43.1206% ), al comparar los resultados con los de otros estudios de la especie vegetal se determinó que nuestra muestra de Acetogeninas posee mayor cantidad de squamostatin D, Posteriormente se determinó el efecto insecticida de las Acetogeninas frente a larvas de Aedes aegypti con soluciones preparadas a diferentes concentraciones (10 000, 5000, 500 y 50 ppm), obteniendo resultados de gran interés, siendo la concentración de 1 0.000ppm la que demostró mayor efecto insecticida frente a las demás concentraciones de experimentación, y en relación con el insecticida patrón (Temefós) presentó un efecto insecticida similar al matar el mismo número de larvas en un periodo de tiempo aproximado. Se determinó la actividad antibacteriana de las Acetogeninas frente a cepas bacterianas de Salmonella typhi spp mediante la técnica de Kirby Bawer para lo cual se utilizaron concentraciones estandarizadas (100, 123.97, 153.69, 190.52, 236.19, 292.81, 362.99 y 450mg) obtenidas a partir de una prueba piloto. Encontrándose que a partir de 1 OOmg se produce inhibición del crecimiento bacteriano, valor que es considerado como la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CIM), y el mayor efecto antibacteriano se produjo a la concentración de 450mg con un halo de inhibición en promedio de 31.67mm la cual superó al halo de inhibición del medicamento patrón (Ciprofloxacino) utilizado la cual fue de 27.67mm en promedio.