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ABSTRACT University social responsibility is a set of actions that helps to promote the active participation of students in their university education, with ethical conduct to create a culture of social commitment based on values and academic quality. The main role of the university is to develop the functions of teaching, research and social responsibility; this allows creating a broader vision of the needs in the community, generating competent professionals and causing a positive impact (Palomino, Vázquez, Vicente, & Tomás, 2019). Objective: To identify the main authors of the subject from the systematic review of the literature, to point out the four axis that RSU has and the four university impacts. Materials and methods: This research is exploratory and documentary with a qualitative approach. The information sources used correspond to consultation pages, among which are: Google academic, and Lens.org. Likewise, inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to collect information and the results obtained were delimited after adding search conditions such as the year interval from 2017 to 2023. Another limitation is that they were only review articles and in any language. Results: The results obtained were 10 definitions of prominent authors which haves an impact on the fact that the University social responsibility has 8 dimensions among which are: Responsible Campus, Citizen Education, Social Knowledge Management, and Mutual Learning Communities for Development, Organizational, Educational, Cognitive and social. The four axis of the RSU are the basis of the organizations to be able to fulfill the mission that each university community pursues. Within the responsible campus, care is taken to ensure that environmental and sustainable care is met and students are taught to participate in it. , responsible citizen and professional training, deontology, which is the duty of people, this helps the university community to do things ethically and with good morals inside and outside universities, knowledge management is a of the main tasks of higher education institutions, social work, the reason for being of various organizations, thanks to which they can disseminate their knowledge and contribute to the development of community and group culture, and finally the need for The society of inclusion and communication between people occur within communities of mutual learning for development. The organizational impacts, within the RSU, impact people, management and sustainability. The educational impacts are related to the training of students (their ethics, their way of interpreting the world and the social role that corresponds to them) and involves all university processes (curriculum, central administration and knowledge management policies). Cognitive impacts are the dissemination of knowledge and social impacts are the relationship within and on the university campus, the treatment and participation of students; Students in the different branches offered. When reviewing and reading the different existing articles, it was observed that there is little information regarding the RSU, focusing on a chronology of the different authors from 2014 to date. Within the articles reviewed, it can be defined that RSU trains, teaches, supports, promotes, guides and organizes; involving the student community, teachers, administrative and managerial staff. The RSU transmits responsible knowledge, ethical principles and helps to train responsible citizen professionals. Conclusion: After studying the literary review, it can be mentioned that all the axis of the RSU must have the participation of the students and all the people who make up the university community in order to have a responsible university, both internally and externally, according to the different concepts that are mentioned of University Social Responsibility; In other words, it is a way to help the professional and civic training of all students, since this is part of what social responsibility seeks. It is mentioned that university students must get involved in real problems within their professional and civic training, since this helps to create links between learning and social responsibility and thus be able to promote human development, both ethically and morally, as that participation in the different projects that the same institution carries out in its activities will grow.Ramírez (2020),Quezada and Rodríguez (2019),Arauco and Apaza (2022),Évora (2017), agree that RSU is reflected in the existence of four axis for the socially responsible management of universities, so that the students are aware that everything that is done within the institution will be reflected outside of it. Complying with Social Responsibility in higher education is a transformation resource that promotes compliance with transparent practices and ethical conduct for sustainable development, generating social well-being on the university campus for the comprehensive and ideal training of its students. Currently, globalization leads to constant changes in organizations and forces them to be able to identify their challenges for the new trends that their environment requires. Therefore, globalization, competition, technology, social responsibility, knowledge and intangible assets demand serious modifications in their structures and strategies from companies.Niebles Nuñez et al. (2018)the universities have the important mission of equitably distributing knowledge and social information. That is why universities must assume the position of University Social Responsibility and analyze whether effective or null knowledge is being provided. The current era is characterized by its constant change, in social demands, in the role of traditional actors, in the situation at the regional and international level, in development approaches (Uribe et al., 2020). Addressing the issue of RSU requires articulating the various parts of the institution in an equitable and sustainable social promotion project, for the production and transmission of responsible knowledge and the training of equally responsible citizen professionals (Mosquera Tayupanta and Alba Granados, 2021; Peña y otros, 2017). There is a proposal for university social responsibility that provides a space for participation in the activities carried out and that are adapted to the new acquisition modalities for students, in addition to the fact that university social responsibility seeks not only to work on the axis of transformation within of the institution, but is also aimed at the entire society that is involved (Pedró, 2019). The university must promote the participation of its students in cultural, social, sports and environmental activities.
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Introducción: La pubertad precoz se define como la aparición progresiva de signos puberales a una edad por debajo de 2,5 desviaciones estándar (DE) de la media para una población determinada. Se carece a nivel nacional de estudios epidemiológicos sobre esta afección. Objetivo: Determinar las características de la pubertad precoz para evaluar la edad de inicio de las características sexuales secundarias en una población de niñas menores de 8 años. Materiales y Métodos: El presente estudio es de tipo observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal. La población incluyó niñas menores de 8 años, que consultaron en un hospital de referencia, durante el periodo de enero de 2017 a diciembre de 2021. Como variables se analizó la edad al inicio de los síntomas, edad a la consulta, escolaridad, procedencia, motivo de consulta, signos y síntomas, cambios en edad ósea, respuesta positiva a la prueba con GnRH y asociación etiológica con cambios hallados en la RMN cerebral y ecografía pélvica; así como el abordaje terapéutico. Resultados: Ingresaron al estudio 48 pacientes de sexo femenino, menores de 8 años de edad. El inicio de los síntomas se presentó en promedio a los 5,4 +/- 2,27 años, siendo la edad de 6-7 años el 31,3% del total de pacientes. El diagnóstico predominante fue el de una pubertad precoz central y de las pruebas de estímulo con GnRH, el 68,8% resultaron positivas. Conclusión: La edad promedio de inicio del desarrollo puberal en este grupo de niñas fue 5 años, adelantado en relación a la literatura clásica, con etiología no conocida en la mayoría de los casos.
Introduction: Precocious puberty is defined as the progressive appearance of pubertal signs at an age below 2.5 standard deviations (SD) from the mean for a given population. There is a lack of epidemiological studies on this condition in our country. Objective: To determine the characteristics of precocious puberty and to evaluate the age of onset of secondary sexual characteristics in a population of girls under 8 years of age. Materials and Methods: This was an observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. Population: girls under 8 years of age, who consulted at a referral hospital from January 2017 to December 2021. The variables analyzed were age at the onset of symptoms, age at consultation, education, place of residence, reason for consultation, signs and symptoms, changes in bone age, positive response to the GnRH test and etiological association with changes found in brain MRI and pelvic ultrasound, as well as the therapeutic approach. Results: 48 female patients under 8 years of age entered the study. The onset of symptoms occurred on average at 5.4 +/- 2.27 years, in 31.3% of all patients at the age of 6-7 years. Predominant diagnosis was central precocious puberty and 68.8% of GnRH stimulus tests were positive. Conclusion: The average age of onset of pubertal development in this group of girls was 5 years, earlier than described in the literature, with unknown etiology in most cases.
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One of the frequent and dangerous aftereffects of stroke is post-stroke depression (PSD). About one in three stroke survivors had depression following their stroke. It had a significant impact on functional recovery, which resulted in a low standard of living. Even worse, there is a clear correlation between it and a high death rate. Our goal in doing this evaluation was to come up with a thorough and cohesive knowledge of PSD based on both recently released research and well-known works. We discovered that the incidence of PSD varies from 11 to 41% within a two-year period, based on a significant number of researches. The severity of the stroke, the location of the lesion, past history of depression, and other factors all has a role in the development of PSD. The DSM criteria are currently the primary basis for diagnosing PSD, and they are often coupled with different depression scales. However, there isn't a single, cohesive process that explains PSD which now include aberrant neurotrophic response, elevated inflammatory markers, lowered monoamine levels, glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Pharmacotherapy and psychosocial therapies are currently used in the treatment of PSD. Even though researchers have made significant progress, many problems still need to be solved. In particular, the PSD's mechanism is not entirely understood.
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The field of psychology has advanced over the years in treating psychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), Schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Depression or clinical depression is a major mental health issue characterized by chronic sadness, hopelessness, and emptiness, which diminishes the patient's quality of life. According to WHO, an estimated 3.8% of the world's population experience depression, in which 15% of depressed patients eventually die by suicide. Recent studies in treating depressive patients have progressed with the usage of psychobiotics. Psychobiotics contain both probiotics and prebiotics, meaning psychobiotics possess the ability to introduce beneficial bacteria in the gut as well as support the growth of existing bacteria in the human gut. The gut-brain axis, which mediates the mechanism of action of psychobiotics in treating clinical depression, has been cleverly studied, and it provides promising results in the improvement of a patient's mental health status. Psychobiotics have proven their worth not only in upgrading the patient's mental health in psychological disorders but also in the enhancement of overall patient health by improving one's gut health.
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Objective@#Exploring the position and bone wall thickness characteristics of the maxillary central incisors in Southern Chinese adults to provide a clinical reference for the design of immediate maxillary central incisor implantation surgery.@*Methods@#The hospital ethics committee approved the study, and the patients provided informed consent. CBCT images of 990 adult patients (aged 20-79 years) from the Stomatology Hospital (January 2018 to December 2021) were categorized based on the dental arch form and age-sex groups. Sagittal CBCT images of the maxillary central incisors were used to measure the labial and palatal bone thickness wall at 4 mm the CEJ to apical, the middle of the root, and the angle between the tooth long axis and the long axis of the alveolar process, to compare the thickness of the labial and palatal bone walls in samples of male and female patients, and to explore the relationship between the angle between the tooth long axis and the alveolar process long axis in samples of male and female patients in different age groups (20-39 years; 40-59 years; 60-79 years).@*Results@#Significant differences were found in the labiopalatine side of the alveolar bone of the maxillary incisor root position. A total of 95.8% (948/990) of the maxillary incisors were positioned more buccally, 4.1% (41/990) were positioned more midway, and 0.1% (1/990) were positioned more palatally. The thicknesses of the bone wall at the CEJ of 4 mm below the palatal side, the middle of the root, and at the apex were greater (1.82 ± 0.56 mm, 3.20 ± 1.10 mm, and 7.70 ± 2.00 mm, respectively) than those at the labial side (1.21 ± 0.32 mm, 0.89 ± 0.35 mm, and 1.86 ± 0.82 mm, respectively), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Male bone wall thickness was generally greater than female bone wall thickness (P<0.05). The angle between the long axis of male teeth and the alveolar bone was 14.77° ± 5.66°, while that of female teeth was 12.80° ± 5.70°, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The angle between the long axis of teeth and the alveolar bone in the 40-59-year-old group and the 60-79-year-old group was greater than that in the 20-39-year-old group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#A total of 95.8% of adults in South China have maxillary central incisors with root deviation toward the labial bone cortex. The thickness of the labial bone wall is much thinner than that of the labial bone wall, which is the middle of the thickness of the root. In Southern Chinese adults, the angle between the upper central incisor and the long axis of the alveolar bone in males is greater than that in females, and the degree of the angle increases with age. It is recommended to pay attention to the thickness of the bone wall around the root and the angle between the teeth before immediate implantation surgery to choose a reasonable implantation plan.
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Tic disorder（TD）is a complex chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by rapid，involuntary，non-hythmic，single or multi-part muscle movement or vocal twitching. Both TD and allergic diseases are related to the body's immune imbalance.The symptoms involve different parts or organs，and the pathogenesis are complex，which seriously affect the quality of life.Clinical studies have found a clear correlation between TD and allergic diseases，but the relationship mechanism is still unclear，mainly involving neuro-immune cross-disorders.This paper reviews the research progress of the relevant mechanisms of TD and allergic diseases，in order to enhance the cognition of the two diseases，and provide new ideas and directions for the etiological research and treatment of TD.
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Based on the introduction of gut-brain-skin axis, this article discussed the relationship between psychological behavior, intestinal flora, and atopic dermatitis. By combing the literature on the treatment of atopic dermatitis with TCM, it is found that TCM therapy can regulate the relative abundance of intestinal flora, participate in immune metabolism and restore skin barrier function by intervening in the gut-brain-skin axis, so as to achieve the purpose of treating atopic dermatitis.
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Objective To investigate the impacts of circular RNA RERE(circRERE)on proliferation,migration and invasion of human multiple myeloma(MM)cell lines by regulating microRNA(miR)-128-3p/serine/threo-nine protein kinase(WEE1)axis.Methods Normal plasma cells(nPCs)isolated from peripheral blood of healthy subjects and human MM cell lines(U266,RPMI-8226,NCI-H929,LP-1)were cultured.The expressions of circRERE and miR-128-3p were detected by RT-qPCR.The expression of WEE1 was detected by Western blot.After transfection,RPMI-8226 cells were divided into control group(without transfection),sh-circRERE group,sh-NC group,miR-128-3p inhibitor group,inhibitor-NC group,sh-circRERE+inhibitor-NC group and sh-circRERE+miR-128-3p inhibitor group.MTT assay and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine(EdU)im-munofluorescence staining microscopy were used to detect the proliferation.Migration and invasion were exam-ined by scratch healing experiment as well as Transwell chamber assay.The targeting relationship between miR-128-3p and circRERE or WEE1 was verified though dual-luciferase reporter gene assay.Results Com-pared with nPCs,the expressions of circRERE and WEE1 in MM cells(RPMI-8226,U266,NCI-H929,LP-1)were increased,and the expression of miR-128-3p was decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the con-trol group,the proliferation rate,proportion of EdU positive cells,the healing rate of the scratch trauma and the number of invasion of the RPMI-8226 cells in sh-circRERE group were decreased(P＜0.05).However,miR-128-3p inhibitor group showed an opposite result and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).miR-128-3p inhibitor significantly inhibited the effects of sh-circRERE on the proliferation,mi-gration and invasion of RPMI-8226 cells(P＜0.05).Dual luciferase reporter gene experiments showed that circRERE/miR-128-3p and miR-128-3p/WEE1 had a targeting relationship.Conclusions CircRERE may promote proliferation,migration and invasion of RPMI-8226 cells,potentially with a mechanism of regulating miR-128-3p/WEE1 axis.
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Objective To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of Liuwei Dihuang Glucoside(LW-AFC)against fear sensitization induced by traumatic stress.Methods Mice were divided into naive,control,stressed and LW-AFC administration groups.The LW-AFC treated group received LW-AFC(1.6 g/kg daily)via oral gavage for two weeks following exposure to traumatic stress.The non-associative memory dependent fear sensitization responses in mice subjected to trauma were investigated,including behavior in novel environments,social interaction,and observational fear tests.Z-score normalization method was employed to integrate and assess multiple behavioral variables such as travel distance,freezing time,and corner time,and comprehensively examined fear sensitization behaviors across the groups.Additionally,serum concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone,corticosterone,aldosterone,renin,angiotensin Ⅱ,and aldosterone were measured using ELISA.Results Compared to the control group,stressed mice exhibited significantly reduced travel distance(P<0.0001)and increased freezing time(P<0.0001)in the new context test.Integrated Z-scores indicated a significant increase in fear behavior among stressed mice during the new context test(P<0.0001).In the social interaction test,stressed mice demonstrated significantly reduced travel distance(P<0.0001),increased freezing time(P<0.0001),increased corner time(P<0.05),and higher integrated Z-scores(P<0.0001).In the observational fear test,stressed mice showed significantly reduced travel distance(P<0.05),increased freezing time(P<0.001),increased corner time(P<0.05),and higher integrated Z-scores(P<0.0001).Compared to the stressed group,mice in the LW-AFC treated group displayed trends toward improvement in travel distance,freezing time,corner time,and integrated Z-scores in the new context tests,albeit without statistical significance.In the social interaction test,the LW-AFC treated group exhibited a significant reduction in freezing time(P<0.05)and integrated Z-scores(P<0.05).In the observational fear test,the LW-AFC treated group showed a significant reduction in freezing time(P<0.05)and integrated Z-scores(P<0.01).Compared to the naive group,control and stressed groups exhibited an increased trend in renin and aldosterone levels after the fear sensitization test.Although there were no significant differences between stressed and control groups,renin and aldosterone levels significantly increased between stressed and naive groups(P<0.05,P<0.05).Following LW-AFC treatment,serum renin levels showed no significant change,while aldosterone levels significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion Stressed mice exhibited significant fear sensitization behavior in new context,social interaction,and observational fear tests,possibly associated with partial activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)system.LW-AFC treatment significantly mitigated fear sensitization behavior of stressed mice in social interaction and observational fear test,potentially due to its regulatory effects on the RAAS system in mice subjected to traumatic stress.
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Objective To investigate the impacts of butorphanol on the proliferation,apoptosis and migration of esophageal cancer cells and its regulation on CCL2-CCR2 axis.Methods Human esophageal cancer KYSE30 cells were treated with 0～400 ng/ml of butorphanol gradient concentration,and the cell proliferation was detected by MTT method;KYSE30 cells were grouped into control group,butorphanol L group,butorphanol M group,butorphanol H group and butorphanol H+CCL2 group,EdU method was applied to detect cell proliferation;cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst method;cell migration was detected by cell scratch test;Transwell method was applied to detect cell invasion;Western blot was applied to verify the expression of CC chemokine ligand 2(CCL2)and CC chemokine receptor 2(CCR2).Results Butorphanol at the concentrations of 50 ng/ml,100 ng/ml,200 ng/ml and 400 ng/ml obviously inhibited the proliferation of KYSE30 cells;compared with the control group,the proliferation,migration and invasion of KYSE30 cells and the expression of CCL2 and CCR2 proteins in butorphanol L,M,H groups and butorphanol H+CCL2 groups were obviously decreased(P＜0.05);compared with butorphanol H group,the cell proliferation,migration,invasion abilities and the expression levels of CCL2 and CCR2 proteins in butorphanol H+CCL2 group were obviously increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Butorphanol can obviously inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion of esophageal cancer KYSE30 cells and promote cell apoptosis,which may be related to its inhibition of CCL2-CCR2 axis.
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Objective·To analyze the differences and classify hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM)patients and healthy controls(HC)using short-axis cine cardiac magnetic resonance(CMR)images-derived radiomics features.Methods·One hundred HCM subjects were included,and fifty HC were randomly selected at 2∶1 ratio during January 2018 to December 2021 in the Department of Cardiology,Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.The CMR examinations were performed by experienced radiologists on these subjects.CVI 42 post-processing software was used to obtain left ventricular morphology and function measurements,including left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV)and left ventricular end-diastolic mass(LVEDM).The 3D radiomic features of the end-diastolic myocardial region were extracted from short-axis images CMR cine.The distribution of the radiomic features in the two groups was analysed and machine learning models were constructed to classify the two groups.Results·One hundred and seven 3D radiomic features were selected and extracted.After exclusion of highly correlated features,least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)was used,and a 5-fold cross-validation was performed.There were still 11 characteristics with non-zero coefficients.The K-best method was used to decide the top 8 features for subsequent analysis.Among them,four features were significantly different between the two groups(all P<0.05).Support vector machine(SVM)and random forest(RF)models were constructed to discriminate the two groups.The results showed that the maximum area under the curve(AUC)for the single-feature model(first order grayscale:entropy)was 0.833(95%CI 0.685?0.968)and the maximum accuracy for the multi-feature model was 83.3%with an AUC of 0.882(95%CI 0.705?0.980).Conclusion·There are significant differences in both left ventricular function and left ventricular morphology between HCM and HC.The 3D myocardial radiomic features of the two groups are also significantly different.Although single feature is able to distinguish the two groups,the combination of multi-features show better classification performance.
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Objective We aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanism of electroacupuncture at Yintang(EX-HN3),Neiguan(PC6)and Zusanli(ST36)on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis(HPA)of functional dyspepsia(FD)rats.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group and EA group.The FD model was replicated by tail clamping,irregular diet,and filling the stomach with ice of Saline Solution.After modeling,the EA group received acupuncture treatment for 1 time day,30 minutes time,for 14 days.Recording the general state of the rat.Detection of locomotion and catatonia in rats by open field test.HE staining to observe the morphology and inflammation of gastric mucosa in rats.PCR detection of mRNA expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor and corticotropin-releasing hormone in rat hypothalamus.Detection of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor-2 and NOD-like receptor protein 6 inflammasome protein expression in rat duodenum by Western blotting.Alcian blue staining was used to detect the expression of rat duodenum goblet cells.Results Compared with the blank group,the general state,distance,speed,duodenum CRHR2 and NLRP6 proteins in the model group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the hypothalamic 5-HT3R and CRH mRNA were significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the general state,distance,speed,expression of CRHR2,NLRP6 protein and goblet cells in the duodenum of rats in the EA group were significantly increased(P<0.05),the 5-HT3R and CRH mRNA in the hypothalamus were significantly decreased(P<0.05).In the model group,the connective tissue of the gastric mucosa was loosely arranged,the submucosa had mild edema,and there were some lymphocytes.The connective tissue of the gastric mucosa of the rats in the blank group and the electroacupuncture group was closely arranged,and there was no obvious proliferation of interstitial cells and no inflammatory cells.Conclusion EA can increase the expression of CRHR2,NLRP6 protein and goblet cells in the duodenum,and inhibit the expression of 5-HT3R and CRH in the hypothalamus.EA can improve gastrointestinal motility and locomotion,relieve anxiety,repair the mucosal barrier of the defective intestine,and restore the function of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis.
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Objective To explore the risk factors of depression and anxiety in adult patients with epilepsy and their relationship with quality of life.Methods From May 2022 to January 2023,patients diagnosed with epilepsy(aged≥18 years)in the department of neurology of our hospital were collected.General demographic data and disease-related information were recorded.Quality of life,depression and anxiety scales were measured in all patients.SPSS26.0 software was used for multiple linear regression analysis,multiple ordered Logistic regression analysis,rank sum test,Pearson correlation analysis,etc.Results Among the 111 patients,49.5%had depression and 43.2%had anxiety.Depression score and anxiety score were correlated with attack type,attack frequency,quality of life and right temporal lobe,and there was a significant negative correlation between life quality score and anxiety and depression score(P<0.01).Seizure frequency,seizure type and right temporal lobe were common risk factors for depression and anxiety in patients with epilepsy(P<0.05).Conclusion Epileptic depression and anxiety were affected by seizure frequency and seizure type,and this bad mood further affected the quality of life of patients.No clear link has been found between the lateralization of seizures and the presence of depression and anxiety states,and further research is needed.
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BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that CT multiplanar reconstruction should be performed prior to the placement of axial pedicle screws to determine the anatomy of the C2 pedicle in each patient,to design the appropriate screw locus and diameter,and to evaluate the feasibility of screw placement to reduce the incidence of surgery-related complications. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of axis pedicle screw placement by morphologic classification of pediculoisthmic component with CT multiplanar reconstruction. METHODS:The CT data of 200 patients(400 axial pedicle screws)with cervical spine were retrospectively studied by using Siemens Syngo.Via software.According to the direction of the axis of the pedicle,the CT multiplanar reconstruction positioning line was adjusted to reconstruct the sectional image of the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component.According to its morphological characteristics,the narrowest part of the pediculoisthmic component was divided into three types:type 1,"hook"type:Type 1a outer diameter width(a1)>0.4 cm,type 1b outer diameter width(a1)≤0.4 cm;type 2,"like circle/ellipse"type;type 3,"horizontal ellipse"type.The outer diameter width of the narrowest part of pediculoisthmic component(d1),medullary cavity width(d2),outer diameter height(a1),and medullary cavity height(a2)were compared among the three types,and the feasibility of pedicle screw placement of the three types was evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)A total of 400 axial pedicles included 269 cases of type 1,130 cases of type 2,and 1 case of type 3.(2)The mean external diameter height between types 1 and 2 was not significantly different(P>0.05).The mean medullary cavity height,mean outer diameter widths,and mean medullary cavity width were significantly different(P<0.001).There were 42 cases(15.6%)of type 1 and 0 cases(0.00%)of type 2 with mean external diameter width≤0.4 cm,and the difference was significant(P<0.001).There was only one case of type 3,whose external diameter height,medullary cavity height,outer diameter width and medullary cavity width were 1.20 cm,0.84 cm,0.64 cm and 0.31 cm,respectively.(3)These results confirm that axial pedicle screws can be safely inserted in patients with types 1a,2 and 3,which requires no further measurement and assessment.Pedicle screw insertion should be performed with caution in type 1b patients.Therefore,in type 1 patients,the width of the narrowest outer diameter of the pediculoisthmic component should be further measured to evaluate the feasibility of axial pedicle screw placement.
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This article mainly elaborated the acupuncture and moxibustion treatment scheme of"eighteen needles for reproduction"based on Professor You Zhaoling's reproductive axis theory of"heart-kidney-Chong Ren-uterus".The"eighteen needles for reproduction"aims to regulate the disordered reproductive axis in gynecological reproductive diseases.It selects the acupoints on the main viscera and meridians of the reproductive axis as the main acupoints,and the acupoints regulating the qi and blood of the related viscera as the matching acupoints.Through specific manipulation,it can regulate the qi and blood,dredge the meridians,and treat the viscera,so as to nourish the essence and help pregnancy,and provide ideas and reference for the treatment of gynecological reproductive diseases with acupuncture and moxibustion.
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There is a bidirectional relationship between intestinal flora and bile acids,and the imbalance of intestinal flora-bile acid axis metabolism is closely related to hypertension.Based on classical TCM literature and clinical practice,this article found that"earth deficiency"is the important pathological basis of hypertension,"wood depression"is the initiating factor of hypertension,and"earth deficiency and wood depression"is the key pathogenesis of hypertension.Combined with the research results of modern medicine and molecular biology,it is considered that the imbalance of intestinal flora and abnormal bile acid metabolism are closely related to the"earth deficiency"and"wood depression"of TCM respectively,and the imbalance of intestinal flora-bile acid axis coincides with the"earth deficiency and wood depression"of TCM in the process of hypertension.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to explore the biological connotation of hypertension"earth deficiency and wood depression"from the perspective of intestinal flora-bile acid axis for guiding TCM to prevent and treat hypertension.
الملخص
Objective To observe the effects of electroacupuncture on intestinal flora and serum inflammatory factors in rabbit model with rheumatoid arthritis(RA);To explore the mechanism of its therapeutic effect on RA.Methods RA model rabbits were established by ovalbumin induction combined with Freund's complete adjuvant,and the rabbits after successful modeling were randomly divided into model group,probiotic group and electroacupuncture group,with 6 rabbits in each group.Another 6 rabbits were set as the normal group.The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at the bilateral"Zusanli"and"Dubi"for 30 minutes,the probiotic group was given probiotic capsules solution(14.5 mg/kg)by gavage,once a day,for two consecutive weeks.The knee joint circumference and pain threshold of rabbits were measured,histopathological morphological changes of colonic tissue and synovial tissue ws observed by HE staining,16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze structural changes of intestinal flora,the contents of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 in serum were detected by ELISA.Results Compared with the normal group,the circumference of knee joint of rabbits in the model group increased significantly,the pain threshold was significantly decreased(P<0.01);the colonic mucosal damage was serious,the goblet cells were missing,a large number of inflammatory cells were infiltrate;the joint capsule synovial surface was rough,the synovial cell layer was hyperplasia and thickening,the synovial tissue inflammatory cell infiltration was obvious;the number and evenness of gut microbiota species decreased,while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the relative abundance of Desulfobacteria increased(P<0.01),while the relative abundance of Campylobacter,Lawsonella,and Pseudomonas increased(P<0.01),while the relative abundance of Heshanomonas and Herbaspirillum decreased(P<0.01);the contents of serum TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the knee joint circumference of the probiotic group and the electroacupuncture group decreased,the pain threshold increased(P<0.01,P<0.05);the degree of intestinal mucosal damage was reduced,the goblet cells were basically arranged neatly,the inflammatory cell infiltration was reduced;synovial cells proliferation and thickening decreased,with a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration;the number and evenness of gut microbiota species increased,while the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),the relative abundance of Desulfobacteria decreased(P<0.01),while the relative abundance of Campylobacter,Lawsonella and Pseudomonas decreased(P<0.01),the relative abundance of Heshanomonas and Herbaspirillum increased(P<0.05,P<0.01);the contents of serum TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion Electroacupuncture can significantly improve the symptoms of RA rabbits and reduce the inflammatory reaction in synovial tissue of joint,and the mechanism may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora structure.
الملخص
Objective To explore the application efficacy and safety of oblique ultrasound-guided techniques in PICC puncture,in order to provide guidance and references for clinical application.Methods Through convenient sampling,654 patients from a tertiary A hospital in Zhejiang Province from March to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The random numbers were generated through Excel table functions and they were randomly grouped into 3 groups:A,B,and C.The ultrasound short axis method,long axis method,and oblique axis method were employed to guide PICC puncture catheterization,respectively.The success rate of PICC puncture,the number of subcutaneous adjustments of the puncture needle,puncture time,and the occurrence of puncture complications(such as hematoma,puncture of the posterior wall of blood vessels,accidental injury to arteries,and accidental injury to nerves)were recorded during the catheterization process in 3 groups.Results A total of 654 patients completed the study,including 215 in group A,219 in group B,and 220 in group C.The success rate of first-time puncture in the group C(86.36％)was higher than that in group A(73.95％)and group B(63.93％),and there was a statistically significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.001).The subcutaneous adjustment frequency of the puncture needle was 1(1,1)in group C,1(1,2)in group A,and 1(1,2)in group B.The difference between 3 groups was statistically significant(P＜0.001);the puncture time of group C was shorter than that of group A and group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).There was a statistically significant difference in the puncture time between 3 groups(P＜0.017);the pairwise comparison of the number of subcutaneous needle adjustments and the success rate of a puncture between 3 groups showed that there was a statistical difference between group C and group A,and between group C and group B(P＜0.017),while there was no statistical difference between group A and group B(P＞0.017).There was statistical significance(P＜0.05)among 3 groups in terms of complications such as accidental nerve injury and puncture of the contralateral vascular wall by puncture needle,but there was no statistical significance in terms of accidental arterial injury and hematoma occurrence among 3 groups.Conclusion Compared with the short axis approach and the long axis approach,the ultrasound oblique axis approach guided PICC puncture has statistical differences in the success rate of a puncture and the incidence of puncture complications,etc.It is recommended to use the ultrasound oblique axis approach during PICC puncture.
الملخص
Objective To investigate the mechanism of morin-induced autophagy in non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells based on mTOR/STAT3 signaling axis.Methods A549 cells were divided into blank group and 30,60,90,120 and 150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups.After 24,48 and 72 hours of culture,the cell proliferation activity was detected by CCK-8 method,and the cell inhibition rate was calculated.A549 cells were divided into blank group and 30,90,150 μg·mL-1 morin groups.After 14 days of culture,the cell proliferation was detected by colony formation assay.After 24 hours of culture,the cell proliferation ability was detected by BeyoClickTM EdU-488.Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry;acridine orange staining was used to detect cell autophagy;the formation of autophagosomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy.Western Blot was used to detect the expression levels of apoptosis,autophagy and mTOR/STAT3 signaling axis-related proteins in cells.A549 cells were divided into blank group,blank group + chloroquine(10 μg·mL-1)group,morin(30,150 μg·mL-1)group,morin(30,150 μg·mL-1)+ chloroquine(10 μg·mL-1)group.After 48 hours of intervention,the cell activity was detected by CCK-8 method,and the cell survival rate was calculated.Results Compared with the blank group,the inhibition rate of A549 cells in 60,90,120,150 μ g·mL-1 of morin group was significantly increased after 24 hours of intervention(P＜0.05,P＜0.001).The inhibition rates of A549 cells in 30,60,90,120 and 150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups were significantly increased after 48 and 72 hours of intervention(P＜0.001).The number of A549 cell colonies and the number of green fluorescent proliferation positive cells in the 30,90,150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups were significantly decreased(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),the apoptosis rate was significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and the protein expression level of cleaved-PARP was significantly increased(P＜0.001).The protein expression levels of p-P38/P38 MAPK in A549 cells of 90 and 150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups were significantly increased(P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Different degrees of orange fluorescence appeared in A549 cells of 30,90 and 150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups,and the orange fluorescence of 90 and 150 μg·mL-1 of morin groups was significant.Autophagosomes and autolysosomes appeared in the cytoplasm of A549 cells in 150 μg·mL-1 of morin group,respectively.The protein expression of LC3-Ⅱ in A549 cells of 150 μg·mL-1 of morin group was significantly up-regulated(P＜0.05).The protein expression of Atg16L1-Ⅱ in A549 cells of 90,150 μg·mL-1 of morin group was significantly up-regulated(P＜0.001),and the protein expressions of p-mTOR/mTOR and p-STAT3/STAT3 were significantly down-regulated(P＜0.001).Compared with the morin(150 μg·mL-1)group,the survival rate of A549 cells in the morin(150 μg·mL-1)+chloroquine(10 μg·mL-1)group was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Conclusion Morin can promote the apoptosis of A549 cells and induce autophagy in A549 cells,and the mechanism may be related to mTOR/STAT3 axis.
الملخص
Guided by the theory of "kidney generates marrow"， the study elaborates the viewpoint that the route of Yin Heel Channel （阴跷脉） is consistent with the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis from the perspective of the circulation of the meridians and the relationship between the zang-fu organs. Accordingly， it is believed that disease of Yin Heel Channel and dysfunction of the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis are the core pathogenesis of children enuresis， and it is elaborated from the following three major aspects， firstly， insufficient kidney essence， dysfunction of the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis， secondly， disease of Yin Heel Channel and deficiency and cold in lower jiao， and thirdly， disease of Yin Heel Channel and loss of nourishment of Chong Vessel. It is proposed to use the mode of "firstly needle， secondly moxibustion， and lastly consolidation" to treat children enuresis. Needle is to adjust yin and yang， warm yang and tonify kidney， and wake up the brain and open the orifices. The acupoints in Yin Heel Channel such as Zhaohai （KI 6）， Jiaoxin （KI 8） and confluence points of the eight extraordinary vessels such as Waiguan （TE 5）， Zulinqi （GB 41） are used， together with Baihui （GV 20）， Yintang （EX-HN 3）， Guanyuan （CV 4）， Qixue （KI 13）， Dazhong （KI 4）. Moxibustion is to reinforce healthy qi and warm yang， bank up the root and consolidate the original qi by moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8）， Mingmen （GV 4）， and Xuanshu （GV 5）. Consolidation is to use acupoints application to consolidate the therapeutic effect， and Guanyuan （CV 4） & Pangguangshu （BL 28）， Qihai （CV 6） & Zhishi （BL 52）， and Shenque （CV 8） & Ciliao （BL 32） are commonly used as the three groups of acupoints to warm the kidney and stop collapse， regulate and tonify the qi and blood.