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1.
An. Fac. Cienc. Méd. (Asunción) ; 56(3): 58-66, 20231201.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519376

الملخص

Introducción: La oftalmopatía tiroidea (OT) es un trastorno debilitante en pacientes con enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune, principalmente enfermedad de Graves, que se desarrolla entre el 30 a 50% de los casos. Objetivos: Describir las características clínico-oftalmológicas y la evolución de los pacientes con oftalmopatía tiroidea activa moderada severa tratados con bolos de metilprednisolona que acuden al Hospital Central del Instituto de Previsión Social en el tiempo comprendido entre enero de 2018 y setiembre de 2021. Materiales y métodos: Investigación de diseño observacional, con estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo. Resultados: Se revisaron fichas de 34 pacientes con OT activa moderada severa que recibieron bolos de metilprednisolona basado en las guías EUGOGO 2016, de los cuáles se excluyeron 3 pacientes por tener fichas incompletas y otros 3 pacientes ya que requirieron tratamiento de segunda línea previo al término del esquema de 12 sesiones. De los 28 pacientes estudiados, la edad promedio fue de 43,6 ±13,1 años, el 89% de sexo femenino y el 28,5%, fumadores. En cuanto a la función tiroidea de la población previo al tratamiento, se constató hipertiroidismo en el 82%, hipotiroidismo en el 11% y eutiroidismo en el 7%; y posterior al tratamiento, se constató hipertiroidismo en el 78,6% (subclínico), eutiroidismo en el 17,9% e hipotiroidismo en el 3,5%. La mayoría (92.6%) contaba con anticuerpos contra el receptor de TSH positivo, con un promedio de 18 ± 9,9 mIU/Ml. Respecto a la actividad de la oftalmopatía según la escala CAS, se constató un promedio de 4,1 ±1,0 previo al tratamiento y posterior 1,2 ±1,4; de ellos el 46,4% presentó un estado leve según escala de gravedad, 39% sin criterios de gravedad y 14 % persistió en moderada -severa. Se constató mejoría de la agudeza visual tras el tratamiento (57,1%), el promedio de exoftalmía previo al tratamiento fue 22,2 mm y posterior 21,1 mm; se presentó diplopía en el 7,1% previo al tratamiento y en el 3,6% posterior al tratamiento. Conclusión: El tratamiento con glucocorticoides endovenosos en la oftalmopatía de Graves moderada-severa (esquema EUGOGO 2016) fue muy efectivo, revirtiendo la actividad y consecuentemente ayudando a disminuir la gravedad, en la gran mayoría de nuestros pacientes. Esto podría explicarse porque la oftalmopatía era incipiente y por el alto grado de adherencia de los pacientes en el contexto de un manejo multidisciplinar bien protocolizado.


Introduction: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is a debilitating disorder in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, mainly Graves' disease, which develops in 30 to 50% of cases. Objectives: To describe the clinical-ophthalmological characteristics and evolution of patients with moderate-to- severe active GO treated with methylprednisolone boluses who attended the Central Hospital of the Institute of Social Security between January 2018 and September 2021. Materials and methods: Observational design research, descriptive, retrospective study. Results: Records of 34 patients with active moderate-to-severe GO who received boluses of methylprednisolone based on the EUGOGO 2016 guidelines, were reviewed, of which 3 patients were excluded due to having incomplete records and another 3 patients since they required second-line treatment prior to end the 12-session scheme. Of the 28 patients studied, the average age was 43.6 ±13.1 years, 89% were female and 28.5% were smokers. Regarding the thyroid function of the population prior to treatment, hyperthyroidism was found in 82%, hypothyroidism in 11% and euthyroidism in 7%; and after treatment, hyperthyroidism was found in 78.6% (subclinical), euthyroidism in 17.9% and hypothyroidism in 3.5%. The majority (92.6%) had positive thyrotropin receptor antibodies, with an average of 18 ± 9.9 mIU/Ml. Regarding the activity of orbitopathy according to the CAS scale, an average of 4.1 ±1.0 was found before treatment and 1.2 ±1.4 after; Of them, 46.4% presented a mild condition according to the severity scale, 39% without severity criteria and 14% persisted in moderate-severe. Improvement in visual acuity was noted after treatment (57.1%), the average exophthalmia before treatment was 22.2 mm and after 21.1 mm; Diplopia occurred in 7.1% before treatment and in 3.6% after treatment. Conclusion: Treatment with intravenous glucocorticoids in moderate-severe Graves' orbitopathy (EUGOGO 2016 scheme) was very effective, reversing the activity and consequently helping to reduce the severity, in the vast majority of our patients. This could be explained because the orbitopathy was incipient and by the high degree of patient adherence in the context of well-protocolized multidisciplinary management.


الموضوعات
Ophthalmology/classification
2.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1410072

الملخص

RESUMEN Introducción: la dexametasona es un medicamento que demostró una disminución de la mortalidad en la neumonía por SARS-CoV-2. Se desconoce la utilidad de otros corticoides, dosis y su duración para mejorar este resultado clínico. Objetivo: comparar la mortalidad de los pacientes adultos con neumonía por SARS-CoV-2 tratados con dexametasona versus metilprednisolona en el Hospital Nacional, Itauguá, Paraguay. Materiales y métodos: estudio ambispectivo. Se incluyeron 97 pacientes, 52 recibieron dexametasona y 45 metilprednisolona. Se utilizó un muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos. Las variables fueron sometidas a estadística descriptiva y analítica. El protocolo fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética del Hospital Nacional. Los autores no presentan conflictos de interés. Resultados: todos los pacientes ingresaron con neumonía con valoración de 4 (OMS). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la mortalidad entre ambos grupos. Al aplicar un análisis estratificado por edad, en los pacientes <65 años la mortalidad en los que recibieron dexametasona fue 15,8% mientras que los que recibieron metilprednisolona no fallecieron (p 0,03). En el grupo de ≥65 años la mortalidad n los recibieron dexametasona fue 29,4% vs. 21,4% en los que recibieron metilprednisolona (p 0,7). Conclusiones: en los pacientes <65 años tratados con dexametasona la mortalidad fue mucho más alta que en los que recibieron metilprednisolona, ya que en este último grupo no se registraron fallecimientos.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Dexamethasone is a medication that demonstrated a decrease in mortality in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. The usefulness of other corticosteroids, dose and their duration to improve this clinical result is unknown. Objective: To compare the mortality of adult patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia treated with dexamethasone versus methylprednisolone at the Hospital Nacional of Itauguá, Paraguay. Materials and Methods: Ambispective study. Ninety seven patients were included, 52 received dexamethasone and 45 methylprednisolone. A non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases was used. The variables were subjected to descriptive and analytical statistics. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Hospital Nacional. The authors do not present conflicts of interest. Results: All patients entered with 4 (WHO) vaulting pneumonia. No significant differences were found in mortality between both groups. When applying an age stratified analysis, in patients <65 years who received dexamethasone the mortality was 15.8% while those who received methylprednisolone did not die (p 0.03). In the ≥65 years group, mortality in those who received dexamethasone was 29.4% vs. 21.4% in those who received methylprednisolone (p 0.7). Conclusions: In patients <65 years treated with dexamethasone, mortality was much higher than in those who received methylprednisolone, since in the latter group no deaths were recorded.

3.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 38(2)jun. 2022.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1389685

الملخص

Resumen: Introducción: la hepatotoxicidad inducida por fármacos y otros agentes es una forma frecuente de injuria hepática, superando en algunos países a las hepatitis virales. La presentación es variable, desde una alteración aislada del funcional hepático hasta formas graves con fallo hepático agudo fulminante. Se presenta un caso de lesión hepática aguda luego de un ciclo corto con altas dosis de metilprednisolona intravenosa. Caso clínico: sexo femenino, 45 años. Antecedentes personales de esclerosis múltiple, con último empuje 40 días previo a la consulta, tratada con bolos de metilprednisolona intravenosa. Consulta por ictericia de una semana de evolución, dolor abdominal, vómitos, anorexia, astenia y adinamia en el último mes. De la paraclínica se destaca: hiperbilirrubinemia mixta, elevación de las transaminasas, tiempo de protrombina descendido. Se descarta etiología viral, autoinmune y metabólica. Se plantea hepatotoxicidad por metilprednisolona que se confirma con la evolución favorable, y normalización a los 3 meses del enzimograma hepático y tiempo de protrombina tras la suspensión del tratamiento con metilprdnisolona. Discusión: el primer paso para el diagnóstico de hepatotoxicidad es descartar otras causas de injuria hepática. En segundo lugar, se debe demostrar la relación temporal entre la exposición al fármaco y el daño hepático. Por último, la suspensión del medicamento suele acompañarse de mejoría del cuadro clínico y analítico. Para diagnosticar esta entidad es necesario tener un alto índice de sospecha. El tratamiento con dosis altas de metilprednisolona puede inducir hepatitis severa que recurre con la re-exposición a la droga. Los pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes tienen mayor riesgo de desarrollar hepatotoxicidad, lo que plantea un desafío terapéutico.


Summary: Introduction: drug induced hepatotoxicity and toxicity induced by other agents is a frequent form of liver injury, accounting for larger number of cases than viral hepatitis in some countries. Presentation may be variable, from an isolated alteration in the liver function test to severe forms of acute fulminant liver failure. The study presents a case of severe liver injury following a short cycle with high doses of intravenous methylprednisolone. Clinical case: 45 year-old female patient. Personal history of multiple sclerosis, with relapse 40 days prior to the consultation, treated with intravenous methylprednisolone. The patient consulted for jaundice with one week of evolution, abdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, asthenia, and adynamia in the last month. Paraclinical tests find mixed hyperbilirubinemia, increased transaminases and decreased prothrombin time (PT). Viral, autoimmune and metabolic etiology are ruled out and a hypothesis is made for methylprednisolone-induced hepatotoxicity. The latter is confirmed and evolution is favorable, liver enzymogram being normal after three months, the same as the prothrombin time upon the interruption of methylprednisolone therapy. Discussion: the first step to diagnose hepatotoxicity is excluding other causes of liver injury. Next, the temporal relationship between drug exposure and liver injury needs to be demonstrated. Last, withdrawing the drug is usually accompanied by clinical and tests improvement. A high degree of suspicion is necessary to diagnose this condition. Therapies with high doses of methylprednisolone may cause severe hepatitis, and it is recurrent upon re-exposure to the drug. Patients with autoimmune diseases have greater risks of developing hepatotoxicity, what results in a therapeutic challenge.


Resumo: Introdução: a hepatotoxicidade induzida por drogas e outros agentes é uma forma frequente de lesão hepática, superando as hepatites virais em alguns países. A apresentação é variável, desde uma alteração isolada da função hepática até formas graves com insuficiência hepática aguda fulminante. Um caso de lesão hepática aguda após um curto curso de metilprednisolona intravenosa em altas doses é apresentado. Caso clínico: sexo feminino, 45 anos. Antecedentes pessoais de esclerose múltipla, com último impulso 40 dias antes da consulta, tratados com bolus de metilprednisolona endovenosa. Consulta por icterícia de uma semana de evolução, dor abdominal, vômitos, anorexia, astenia e adinamia no último mês. Dos exames paraclínicos, destacam-se: hiperbilirrubinemia mista, transaminases elevadas, tempo de protrombina diminuído. A etiologia viral, autoimune e metabólica é descartada. Foi sugerida hepatotoxicidade por metilprednisolona, confirmada pela evolução favorável, e normalização aos 3 meses da enzima hepática e do tempo de protrombina após a interrupção do tratamento com metilprednisolona. Discussão: o primeiro passo no diagnóstico de hepatotoxicidade é descartar outras causas de lesão hepática. Em segundo lugar, a relação temporal entre a exposição à droga e o dano hepático deve ser demonstrada. Por fim, a suspensão do medicamento costuma ser acompanhada de melhora do quadro clínico e analítico. Para diagnosticar esta entidade é necessário ter um alto índice de suspeição. O tratamento com altas doses de metilprednisolona pode induzir hepatite grave que se repete na reexposição ao medicamento. Pacientes com doenças autoimunes apresentam risco aumentado de desenvolver hepatotoxicidade, o que representa um desafio terapêutico.


الموضوعات
Methylprednisolone/adverse effects , Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
4.
Rev. Soc. Peru. Med. Interna ; 33(2): 77-81, abr.-jun. 2020. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LIPECS, LILACS | ID: biblio-1103786

الملخص

Mujer de 15 años de edad, que después de recibir lamotrigina por epilepsia no controlada, desarrolló eritema generalizado, ampollas y descamación, con compromiso de mucosas y que abarcó del 60%-80% de la superficie corporal. El cuadro clínico de necrólisis epidérmica tóxica fue confirmado por biopsia de piel. Aparte de las medidas de soporte, se le administró pulsos de metilprednisolona con rápida respuesta favorable. (AU)


A 15-year-old woman, who, after receiving lamotrigine by uncontrolled epilepsy, developed generalized erythema, blisters and flaking, with mucous membrane involvement and covering 60%-80% of the body surface area. The clinical picture of toxic epidermal necrolysis was confirmed by skin biopsy. In addition to support measures, she was given methylprednisolone pulses with rapid favorable response. (AU)


الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Stevens-Johnson Syndrome , Lamotrigine/therapeutic use
5.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; Rev. bras. anestesiol;70(2): 111-117, Mar.-Apr. 2020. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137153

الملخص

Abstract Background and objectives: Sugammadex is a modified gamma-cyclodextrin that reverses the effects of aminosteroidal neuromuscular blocking agents. Likewise, some steroid molecules, such as toremifene, fusidic acid, and flucloxacillin, can also be encapsulated by sugammadex. Methylprednisolone, which is a synthetic steroid used commonly for airway edema prophylaxis, can also be encapsulated by sugammadex. The objective of this study was to compare the recovery times of sugammadex for reversing rocuronium-induced moderate neuromuscular blockade in those who received intraoperative 1 mg kg-1 methylprednisolone or saline. Method: This single-centered, randomized, controlled, prospective study included 162 adult patients undergoing elective ear-nose-throat procedures (aged from 18 to 65, an ASA physical status I-II, a BMI less than 30 kg m-2, and not taking steroid drug medication) with propofol, remifentanyl, rocuronium and sevoflurane. Neuromuscular monitoring was performed using calibrated acceleromyography. The Control Group (Group C) received 5 mL of saline, while the Methylprednisolone Group (Group M) received 1 mg kg-1 of methylprednisolone in 5 mL of saline just after induction. After the completion of surgery, regarding the TOF count, two reappeared spontaneously and 2 mg kg-1 sugammadex was administered to all patients. Recovery of the TOF ratio to 0.9 was recorded for both groups, and the estimated recovery time to reach a TOF ratio (TOFr) of 0.9 was the primary outcome of the study. Results: Median time to TOFr = 0.9 was for 130.00 s (range of 29-330) for Group C and 181.00 s (100-420) for Group M (p < 0.001). The differences between the two groups were statistically significant. Conclusion: When using 2 mg kg-1 of sugammadex to reverse rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade in patients who received 1 mg kg-1 of intraoperative methylprednisolone, demonstrated delayed recovery times.


Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: Sugammadex é uma gama-ciclodextrina modificada que reverte os efeitos de agentes de bloqueio neuromuscular aminoesteroides. Da mesma forma, algumas moléculas esteroides, como toremifene, ácido fusídico e flucloxacilina, podem ser encapsulados pelo sugammadex. A metilprednisolona, esteroide sintético usado geralmente para a profilaxia de edema de vias aéreas, também pode ser encapsulada pelo sugammadex. O objetivo do estudo foi comparar os tempos de recuperação do sugammadex na reversão de bloqueio neuromuscular moderado induzido pelo rocurônio em pacientes em que foi administrado 1 mg.kg-1 de metilprednisolona ou solução salina no período intraoperatório. Método: Este estudo prospectivo, randomizado, controlado, unicêntrico incluiu 162 pacientes adultos (idades de 18-65, ASA I-II, IMC abaixo de 30 kg.m-2, e não usando medicação esteroide) submetidos à anestesia geral para procedimento eletivo de otorrinolaringologia com propofol, remifentanil, rocurônio e sevoflurano. A monitorização neuromuscular foi realizada usando aceleromiógrafo calibrado. O grupo controle (Grupo C) recebeu 5 mL de solução salina, enquanto o grupo metilprednisolona (Grupo M) recebeu 1 mg.kg-1 de metilprednisolona em 5 mL de solução salina logo após a indução. Ao término da cirurgia, em relação à contagem do número de respostas à sequência de quatro estímulos (TOFc), dois pacientes mostraram recuperação espontânea e todos os pacientes receberam 2 mg.kg-1 de sugammadex. A recuperação da razão T4/T1 (TOFr) para 0,9 foi registrada nos dois grupos, e o desfecho primário do estudo foi o tempo estimado de recuperação, momento em que a razão TOFr alcançou o valor de 0,9 (TOFr = 0.9). Resultados: O tempo mediano para TOFr = 0,9 foi 130 s (29-330) para o Grupo C e 181s (100-420) para o Grupo M (p < 0,001). As diferenças entre os dois grupos foi estatisticamente significante. Conclusões: Pacientes que receberam 1 mg.kg-1 de metilprednisolona no intraoperatório apresentaram tempo de recuperação mais prolongado após o uso de 2 mg.kg-1 de sugammadex para reverter o bloqueio neuromuscular induzido pelo rocurônio.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Methylprednisolone/pharmacology , Glucocorticoids/pharmacology , Drug Interactions
6.
Rev. Soc. Peru. Med. Interna ; 33(1): 36-40, ene.-mar. 2020. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1116189

الملخص

Presentamos dos casos de pénfigo tratados con dosis altas endovenosas (pulsos) de corticoides, los cuales presentaron respuesta adecuada y buena evolución. Un varón de 42 años con pénfigo vulgar y otro varón de 64 años con pénfigo foliáceo, ambos con recrudescencia de la enfermedad, que fueron tratados con pulsos de metilprednisolona y con buena respuesta al tartamiento. (AU)


We present two cases of pemphigus treated with high endovenous doses (pulses) of corticosteroids. A 42-year-old male with vulgar pemphigus and a 64-year-old male with foliaceous pemphigus, both with recrudescence of the disease, who were treated with methylprednisolone pulses and with good response to treatment. (AU)


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use , Pemphigus , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use
7.
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011758

الملخص

ABSTRACT Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that accounts for 5% of demyelinating diseases in pediatrics. Its clinical presentation is variable and associated to the involved area of the central nervous system. Case presentation: This is the case of a 15-year-old patient who consulted several times for nonspecific neurological symptoms. During his last visit to the Clínica Universitaria Colombia in Bogotá, he presented with bilateral optic neuritis, associated with frontal and parietal headache. Immunophenotyping studies were carried out, reporting positive IgG anti-aquaporin 4 antibodies (anti-AQP4 antibody), thus leading to a diagnosis of seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). Management with methylprednisolone pulses was initiated with subsequent outpatient management with rituximab that allowed stabilizing the disease. Discussion: This is an interesting case due to its insidious and uncertain onset in a pediatric patient. It was possible to evaluate clinical and diagnostic differences in relation to its presentation in adults. NMOSD mediated by anti-AQP4 is rare; brain and bone marrow MRI are essential for diagnosis. The treatment of choice for acute conditions consists of high doses of methylprednisolone. Conclusion: This disorder may result in irreversible neurological damage; for this reason, high suspicion is required for early diagnosis and timely treatment.


RESUMEN Introducción. La neuromielitis óptica es un trastorno inflamatorio del sistema nervioso central que representa el 5% de las enfermedades desmielinizantes en pediatría. Su presentación clínica es variable y está ligada al área del sistema nervioso central comprometida. Presentación de caso. Paciente masculino de 15 años quien consulta en varias oportunidades por síntomas neurológicos inespecíficos y que en su última visita a la Clínica Universitaria Colombia, en Bogotá, presenta un cuadro de neuritis óptica bilateral, asociado a cefalea frontal y parietal. Se realizan estudios de in-munotipificación que documentan positividad para anticuerpos IgG y anti acuaporina 4 (ACS anti-AQP4), permitiendo así el diagnóstico de desorden del espectro de neuromielitis óptica (NMOSD, por su sigla en inglés) seropositivo; se inicia manejo con pulsos de metilprednisolona a dosis de 1g intravenoso cada 24 horas, con posterior manejo ambulatorio con Rituximab, que permiten estabilización de la enfermedad. Discusión. Se presenta un caso interesante por su inicio insidioso e incierto en un paciente pediátrico. Este caso permite evaluar las diferencias clínicas y diagnósticas en relación a su presentación en adultos. El NMOSD mediado por ACS anti-AQP4 es poco común; para su diagnóstico es esencial la resonancia magnética cerebral y de médula ósea. El tratamiento de elección para cuadros agudos consiste en altas dosis de metilprednisolona. Conclusión. El NMOSD puede producir daño neurológico irreversible, por esto requiere un alto índice de sospecha para su diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento oportuno.

8.
Rev. salud bosque ; 9(1): 98-105, 2019. Ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1103095

الملخص

El síndrome de Devic, también conocido como trastorno del espectro de la neuromielitis óptica (NMOSD, por sus sigla en inglés), es considerado una enfermedad inflamatoria, desmielinizante y autoinmune del sistema nervioso central que afecta en su mayoría los nervios ópticos, el quiasma óptico y la médula espinal. Si bien en algunos casos se puede simular un cuadro clínico similar a esclerosis múltiple, hoy en día se conocen aspectos imagenológicos, inmunológicos y patológicos que permiten establecer las diferencias entre estas dos entidades. Se presenta el caso de una mujer adulta mayor con antecedente de síndrome de Sjögren en manejo ambulatorio con corticoide y azatioprina, quien ingresa por cuadro clínico de mes y medio de evolución consistente en disestesias de predominio en miembros inferiores, alteración de la marcha y compromiso visual. Ante el compromiso neurológico, se decide realizar imágenes diagnósticas y perfil inmunológico, con reportes de resonancia magnética nuclear cervical y torácica con contraste que evidencian mielitis multifocal por compromiso cervical y torácico a nivel de C4 en T7-T8 con hiperdensidad centromedular sin realce, además de autoanticuerpos séricos dirigidos contra el canal acuaporínico (AQP4) positivos, dando así el diagnóstico de NMOSD.Se inició manejo con pulsos de metilprednisolona concomitantemente con plasmaféresis completando cinco sesiones. Sin embargo, ante la persistencia del cuadro clínico se inició manejo con un agente biológico selectivo que bloquea la actividad de los linfocitos B tipo rituximab con resolución parcial de los síntomas. Se discute, además, la evolución clínica e imagenológica de este caso ejemplar, así como los avances más notables en el diagnóstico y manejo


Devic's Syndrome, known as Optic Neuromyelitis Spectrum Disorder (NMOSD), is considered an inflammatory, demyelinating and autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that mainly affects the optic nerves, the optic chiasm and the spinal cord. Although the said syndrome can sometimes simulate multiple sclerosis (MS), nowadays there are imagining, immunological and pathological aspects that allow to establish the differences between these two entities. In the present paper, the case an older adult woman with a history of Sjögren's syndrome in ambulatory care with corticosteroid and azathioprine, who is admitted for a month and a half of evolution consisting of dysesthesias of predominance in the lower limbs, ambulation impairment and visual compromise is presented . In view of the neurological compromise, it was decided to perform diagnostic imaging and immunological profile. The imaging suggested a report of cervical and thoracic MRI with contrast with evidence of multifocal myelitis due to cervical and thoracic involvement at the level of C4 and T7-T8, with a report of serum autoantibodies directed against the positive aquaporic channel (AQP4). All of the above is consistent with the diagnosis of Devic Syndrome or NMOSD. Treatment was implemented through methylprednisolone pulses alternated with plasmapheresis. Five sessions of the said treatment were completed. Given the persistence of the clinical picture, treatment with rituximab was initiated resulting in partial improvement of the symptoms. The clinical and imaging evolution of this case is also discussed, as well as breakingthrough advan-ces in its diagnosis and management


O síndrome de Devic, convencido cómo Transtorno do espectro da neuromielite ótica ou NMOSD pelo Nome em ingles é considerado uma doença inflamatória, desmielinizante e autoimune do sistema nervioso central (SNC) que afeta principalmente os nervos óticos, o quiasma ótico e a mêdula espinhal; embora em alguns casos pode se apresentar como sendo un caso clínico de esclerosis múltipla, hoje existem aspectos imagemológicos, inmunológicos e patológicos para diferenciar entre as duas condições. Apresentam-se o caso de una mulher idosa com antecedente de Síndrome de Sjögren com tratamento ambulatorio de corticoides, ingresada por quadro clínico de un mês e meio de evoluçao más disestêsias nos miembros inferiores com alteraçao para caminhada e comprometimento visual. Perante essa alteraçao neurológica, decide-se realizar imagens diagnósticas e perfil inmunológico com reporte de RMN cervical e torácica com contaste evidencia de mielitis multifocal por compromiso cervical e torácico a nivel de C4 e T7- T8 com hiperdensidade centromedular sem realce, reporte de autoanticuerpos séricos dirigidos contra o canal acuaporínico positivos, o diagnóstico foi Síndrome de Devic ou NMOSD. Perante esse scenário inicoou-se tratamento com pulsos de metlprednisolona junto con plasmaférese, por cinco sessões. No entanto, perante persistência do quadro clínico, inicoouse tratamento com agente biológico selectivo que bloqueia a atividade dos linfositos B tipo rituximab com resoluçao parcial dos síntomas. Discute-se a evoluçao clínica deste caso exemplar, mesmo cómo os avanços mais notáveis no diagnóstico e tratamento.IntroducciónEl síndrome de Devic, ahora conocido como trastor-no del espectro de la neuromielitis óptica (NMOSD, por su sigla en inglés), es una enfermedad inflamato-ria, desmielinizante y autoinmune del sistema nervioso central (SNC) que en su mayoría y de forma simultá-nea afecta los nervios ópticos, el quiasma óptico y la médula espinal (1). En los hallazgos imagenológicos en resonancia magnética nuclear (RMN) cerebral se evi-dencian lesiones mielínicas trasversas extensas longi-tudinales en tres o más segmentos vertebrales (2).El NMOSD fue reportado por primera vez en el siglo XIX, hacia 1894, luego de un reporte de caso; en esa ocasión se nombró síndrome de Devic y se describió como una variante de esclerosis múltiple (EM) (3,4). Keywords: Devic syndrome. Optic neuromyelitis, multiple sclerosis, antiacuaporin 4 antibodies, methylprednisolone, corticoid, plasmapheresis, rituximab Palavras Chave: sindrome de Devic, neuromielite óptica, esclerosis múltipla, anticorpos antiacuaporina 4, metlprednisolona, corticoides, plasmaférese, rituximab.


الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Neuromyelitis Optica , Autoimmune Diseases
9.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;26(5): 314-319, Sept.-Oct. 2018. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-973579

الملخص

ABSTRACT Objective: To introduce the intralesional calcitonin and methylprednisolone percutaneous injection method, which results in the promotion of primary aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) healing. Methods: A retrospective cohort study involving 76 patients diagnosed with ABC was performed between 2005 and 2014. Patients treated with calcitonin and methylprednisolone injection and who underwent more than 2 years of follow-up were considered eligible for the study (n=47). The Enneking staging and Capanna classification systems were used during the initial evaluation. Treatment response was assessed by Rastogi radiographic grading based on the degree of healing. X2 and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and odds ratio calculations were used in the statistical analysis with a 5% significance level. Results: The proximal tibia extremity was the most commonly affected site (17.0%). Thirty-three (70.3%) ABC cases were staged as B3 and 28 (59.7%) were classified as type II. The average number of injections performed was 2.8 per patient, with an average reduction of the initial lytic area of 83.7% (p-value=0.00001). Satisfactory results for 91.4% (n=43; p-value=0.00001) were obtained and 5 recurrences occurred. No side effects were observed. Conclusion: Intralesional calcitonin and methylprednisolone percutaneous injection is a minimally invasive, effective, and safe method for promoting primary ABC healing. Level of evidence IV, Type of study: case series.


RESUMO Objetivo: Apresentar o método de injeção intralesional percutânea de calcitonina e metilprednisolona para promover a ossificação do cisto ósseo aneurismático (COA). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo de coorte envolvendo 76 pacientes com diagnóstico de COA entre 2005 e 2014. Os pacientes tratados com injeção de calcitonina e metilprednisolona e acompanhados durante mais de dois anos foram considerados elegíveis para o estudo (n = 47). Foram utilizados o sistema de estadiamento de Enneking e a classificação de Capanna durante a avaliação inicial. A resposta ao tratamento foi avaliada pela classificação radiográfica Rastogi, com base no grau de cicatrização. Os testes X2, Wilcoxon e o cálculo da razão de chances foram utilizados na análise estatística com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A extremidade proximal da tíbia foi o local mais frequente (17,0%). Trinta e três (70,3%) COA eram B3 e 28 (59,7%) do tipo II. O número médio de injeções aplicadas foi de 2,8 por paciente, com redução média da área lítica inicial de 83,7% (p = 0,00001). Resultados satisfatórios para 91,4% (n = 43; p = 0,00001) dos pacientes e houve cinco recidivas. Nenhum efeito colateral foi observado. Conclusão: A injeção intralesional percutânea de calcitonina e metilprednisolona é um método minimamente invasivo, eficaz e seguro para promover a ossificação do COA. Nível de evidência IV, Tipo de estudo: série de casos.

10.
Acta ortop. bras ; Acta ortop. bras;25(5): 206-208, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-886488

الملخص

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the effect of two different corticosteroid types in bilateral and symmetrical knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: One hundred and twenty-six patients received injections of methylprednisolone acetate (MP) in one knee and triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) in the contralateral knee. Patients were evaluated before injection and 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after. Results: Mean patient age was 68.5±9 years. Mean BMI was 26.3±2.6 kg/m2. At first admission, mean VAS score was 7.7±1.3 for the right side and 7.5±1.5 for the left side, and mean WOMAC score was 67.6±14.4. After bilateral intra-articular injection, VAS scores for both knees and WOMAC scores decreased significantly when initial scores were compared with 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after injection (p<0.05). A statistically significant change was seen over time when VAS and WOMAC scores for 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks post-injection were compared to each other (p<0.05). No significant difference was seen between knee sides (p>0.05). Conclusion: MP and TH have similar efficacy in relieving pain and improving function. The efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injection peaks 2 weeks after injection and the effect continues until the 24th week. Level of Evidence II, Comparative Prospective Study.


RESUMO Objetivo: Comparar o efeito de dois tipos de corticosteroides em osteoartrite (OA) de joelho bilateral e simétrica. Métodos: Cento e vinte e seis pacientes receberam injeções de acetato de metilprednisolona (MP) em um joelho e de triancinolona hexacetonida (TH) no joelho contralateral. Os pacientes foram avaliados antes da injeção e 2, 4, 8, 12 e 24 semanas depois. Resultados: A média de idade dos pacientes foi 68,5 ± 9 anos. O IMC médio foi 26,3 ± 2,6 kg/m2. Na primeira internação, o escore médio da EVA foi 7,7 ± 1,3 para o lado direito e 7,5 ± 1,5 para o esquerdo e a média do escore WOMAC foi 67,6 ± 14,4. Depois da aplicação bilateral das injeções intra-articular, os escores da EVA e do WOMAC para ambos os joelhos diminuíram significantemente ao comparar os escores iniciais com os de 2, 4, 8, 12 e 24 semanas depois da injeção (p < 0,05). Constatou-se diferença estatisticamente significante no decorrer do tempo, quando os escores EVA e WOMAC às 2, 4, 8, 12 e 24 semanas depois da injeção foram comparados entre si (p < 0,05). Não houve diferença significante entre os lados direito e esquerdo (p > 0,05). Conclusão: MP e TH têm eficácia similar quanto ao alívio da dor e à melhora da função. A eficácia da injeção intra-articular de corticosteroides atinge o máximo duas semanas depois da aplicação e o efeito continua até a 24a semana. Nível de Evidência II, Estudo Prospectivo Comparativo.

11.
MedicalExpress (São Paulo, Online) ; 4(2): M170201, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-841479

الملخص

PURPOSE: To systematically evaluate whether oral steroids can be used with the same efficacy and safety in comparison with the intravenous regimen for treatment of multiple sclerosis relapses. METHOD: We searched Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library and systematically reviewed articles comparing outcomes of oral versus intravenous steroids for acute relapses in patients with a clinically definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. RESULTS: Six articles with 414 participants in total were analyzed. Five of the included trials reported the proportion of patients experiencing improvement in Expanded Disability Status Scale after receiving either oral or intravenous methylprednisolone treatment at four weeks; the pooled results showed that there was no statistically significant difference (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.60, 1.54; p=0.86) between treatments. Three trials reported the detailed results of adverse events, indicating the two treatments appear to be equally safe. Two trials revealed that there was no significant difference in gadolinium enhancement activity on magnetic resonance imaging. One trial showed that the mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) at 24 and 48 hours did not differ between groups. CONCLUSION: No significant differences were found in terms of clinical (benefits and adverse events), radiological and pharmacological outcomes in multiple sclerosis relapses in patients after oral or intravenous steroids treatment. Our meta-analysis provides evidence that oral steroid therapy is not inferior to intravenous steroid therapy. Thus oral administration may be a favorable substitute for intravenous medication of multiple sclerosis relapses.


PROPÓSITO: Avaliar de forma sistemática se esteroides orais podem ser utilizados com a mesma eficácia e segurança em comparação com o regime intravenoso para o tratamento de recaídas da esclerose múltipla (MS). MÉTODO: Foram pesquisados Medline, Embase e Cochrane Library e sistematicamente revistos artigos comparando resultados de esteroides orais versus intravenosos para recaídas agudas em pacientes com diagnóstico de esclerose múltipla clinicamente definida. RESULTADOS: Seis artigos com 414 participantes no total foram analisados. Cinco dos estudos incluídos relataram a proporção de doentes com melhoria através de "Expanded Disability Status Scale" depois de receber um ou outro tratamento: metilprednisolona oral ou intravenosa por quatro semanas. Os resultados combinados mostraram que não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (OR 0,96; 95% 101 0,60, 1,54 ; p = 0,86). Três estudos mostraram os resultados detalhados de eventos adversos, indicando que os dois tratamentos parecem ser igualmente seguros. Dois ensaios revelaram que não havia nenhuma diferença significativa no aumento de atividade de gadolínio via imagens por ressonância magnética. Um estudo mostrou que a área média sob as curvas de concentração-tempo (AUC) às 24 horas e 48 horas não diferiram entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas em termos de clínicos (benefícios e eventos adversos) ou nos resultados radiológicos e farmacológicos em pacientes pós-esteroides por via oral ou intravenosa no tratamento de várias recaídas de esclerose. Nossa metanálise fornece evidências de que a terapia com esteroides por via oral não é inferior à terapia com esteroides por via intravenosa. Assim, a administração oral pode ser um substituto favorável para medicação intravenosa de recidivas da esclerose múltipla.


الموضوعات
Humans , Steroids/administration & dosage , Multiple Sclerosis/drug therapy , Recurrence , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Administration, Oral , Administration, Intravenous
12.
GEN ; 71(1): 17-20, mar. 2017. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-892298

الملخص

Introducción: El reemplazo graso del páncreas, esteatosis o lipomatosis pancreática es un proceso difuso o focal en cualquier segmento del órgano y se ha asociado a obesidad, diabetes mellitus y fibrosis quística. El ultrasonido abdominal y en especial la ecoendoscopia , permiten una mejor caracterización del parénquima de la glándula. Caso Clínico: adolescente femenina de 13 años referida por dolor abdominal crónico. Antecedentes: Gastritis crónica por Helicobacter pylori, Alergia alimentaria múltiple y en tratamiento con Metilprednisolona durante siete años por Artritis Reumatoidea Juvenil. Examen físico : Peso 40,9Kg y talla 134cm, fascie redondeada, catarata bilateral, cuello con hiperqueratosis e hiperpigmentación . Abdomen: globoso, blando, sin visceromegalia. Hipotrofia muscular miembros inferiores. Laboratorio : amilasa: 32U/L, lipasa 12.3U/L, colesterol 206mg%, triglicéridos 117 mg%, aminotransferasa pirúvica 60U/L, PCR ultrasensible 11,6 mg/l, relación insulina/glicemia postprandial alta, 25OHvitamina D: 5,5ng/ ml (déficit), cortisol y androstenediona bajos, exámenes negativos para enfermedad autoinmune En heces: esteatocrito 4.5% y Sudan III:15 a 20 gotas pequeñas. Edad ósea radiológica 11años. Ultrasonido abdominal: hiperecogenicidad periportal, páncreas ligeramente aumentado de tamaño con aumento difuso de su ecogenicidad, cabeza: 30mm, cuerpo:13mm y cola:30mm. Ultrasonido endoscópico: Proceso uncinado y cabeza con parénquima homogéneo, ecogenicidad conservada. En el itsmo, cuerpo y cola parénquima heterogéneo , con tendencia a la hiperecogenicidad. Wirsung: calibre normal. Diagnóstico clínico: Esteatosis pancreática, Síndrome de Cushing Exógeno y Resistencia a la Insulina con déficit vitamina D. Discusión : Se considera que existe relación positiva entre el uso prolongado de esteroide para el reemplazo graso del páncreas y las patologías asociadas como se evidencia en este caso.


Introduction: Fatty pancreas replacement, steatosis or pancreatic lipomatosis is a diffuse or focal process in any organ segment and has been associated with obesit y, diabetes mellitus and cystic fibrosis. Abdominal ultrasound and, in particular, ultrasound endoscopy allow a better characterization of the parenchyma of the gland. Case Clinical: 13 - year - old female adolescent referred for chronic abdominal pain. Backgr ound: Chronic gastritis by Helicobacter pylori, multiple food allergy and treatment with Methylprednisolone for seven years for Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis. Physical examination: Weight 40.9Kg and size 134cm, rounded fascia, bilateral cataract, neck with hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation. Abdomen: globose, soft, without visceromegaly. Muscle lower limb hypotrophy. Laboratory: amylase: 32U / L, lipase 12.3U / L, cholesterol 206mg%, triglycerides 117mg%, pyruvic aminotransferase 60U / L, ultrasensitive 1 1.6mg / l, insulin ratio / high postprandial glycemia, 25OH vitamin D: 5ng / ml (deficit), cortisol and low Androstenedione, negative tests for autoimmune disease Feces: steatocrit 4.5% and Sudan III: 15 to 20 small drops. Radiologic bone age 11 years. Abd ominal ultrasound: periportal hyperechogenicity, slightly enlarged pancreas with diffuse increase of its echogenicity, head: 30mm, body: 13mm and tail: 30mm. Endoscopic ultrasound: Uncinate process and head with homogeneous parenchyma, preserved echogenici ty. In the ismo, body and parenchyma heterogeneous, with tendency to hyperechogenicity. Wirsung: normal caliber. Clinical diagnosis: Pancreatic steatosis, Exogenous Cushing's Syndrome and Insulin Resistance with vitamin D deficit. Discussion: It is considered that t here is a positive relationship between prolonged steroid use for fatty replacement of the pancreas and associated pathologies as evidenced in this case.

13.
Rev. argent. dermatol ; Rev. argent. dermatol;98(1): 13-20, mar. 2017. ilus, tab
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-843108

الملخص

El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica, son reacciones de hipersensibilidad tipo III de la clasificación de Gell y Coombs; se consideran de origen inmunológico en la que ocurre una apoptosis masiva de queratinocitos en la epidermis, provocando descamación y apariencia de piel escaldada, del 50-80% de los casos es secundaria a un fármaco. El síndrome de Stevens-Johnson tiene una incidencia de 1,2 a 6 casos por millón de personas por año, la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica es menos frecuente, difieren por la extensión de las lesiones en piel. Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino de 84 años de edad, con antecedente de onicomicosis y pie de atleta, a quien se le inició tratamiento antimicótico con fluconazol. Siete días después desarrolló manifestaciones cutáneas de ampollas en piel y mucosas, lesiones vesiculares en brazo derecho e izquierdo, tórax anterior y hemiabdomen izquierdo; posteriormente evolucionó con arcos violáceos en piel, descamación y afectación de las vías respiratorias. El diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno es fundamental, para revertir la evolución natural de esta enfermedad y el tratamiento multidisciplinario, garantiza una mejor evolución de los signos y síntomas.


The Stevens-Johnson syndrome and the toxic epidermal necrolysis are a type III hypersensitivity reaction of the Gell and Coombs classification, considered to be of immunological origin in which massive apoptosis of keratinocytes occurs in the epidermis, causing scaling and appearance of scalded skin. It is caused by agents of infectious and pharmacological (the most common) etiology; it may be associated with malignancy or idiopathic; the SSJ has an incidence of 1.2 to 6 cases per million people per year, being NET the least common. They differ by the extent of skin lesions, but both are characterized by mucosal affectation, airway, digestive system, and urogenital tract involvement. It is presented the case of a 84-years-old patient with history of onychomycosis and athlete's foot, who started antimycotic treatment with fluconazole, developing cutaneous manifestations of blisters on the skin and mucous membranes, vesicular lesions in his right and left arms, chest and left hemiabdomen seven days later; after his hospital admittance, the patient evolved with violaceous arches in skin, desquamation, positive sign of Nikolsky, and affectation of the airways. The diagnosis and timely treatment is fundamental to reverse the natural evolution of this disease and multidiciplinary treatment ensures a better evolution of signs and symptoms.

14.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 50(6): 617-624, Nov.-Dec. 2015.
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-769993

الملخص

The aim here was to conduct a review of the literature on pharmacological therapies for modifying the neurological status of patients with spinal cord injuries. The PubMed database was searched for articles with the terms "spinal cord injury AND methylprednisolone/GM1/apoptosis inhibitor/calpain inhibitor/naloxone/tempol/tirilazad", in Portuguese or in English, published over the last five years. Older studies were included because of their historical importance. The pharmacological groups were divided according to their capacity to interfere with the physiopathological mechanisms of secondary injuries. Use of methylprednisolone needs to be carefully weighed up: other anti-inflammatory agents have shown benefits in humans or in animals. GM1 does not seem to have greater efficacy than methylprednisolone, but longer-term studies are needed. Many inhibitors of apoptosis have shown benefits inin vitro studies or in animals. Naloxone has not shown benefits. Tempol inhibits the main consequences of oxidation at the level of the spinal cord and other antioxidant drugs seem to have an effect superior to that of methylprednisolone. There is an urgent need to find new treatments that improve the neurological status of patients with spinal cord injuries. The benefits from treatment with methylprednisolone have been questioned, with concerns regarding its safety. Other drugs have been studied, and some of these may provide promising alternatives. Additional studies are needed in order to reach conclusions regarding the benefits of these agents in clinical practice.


O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão da literatura sobre a terapia farmacológica para a modificação do estado neurológico de traumatizados vértebro-medulares. Foi feita uma na base de dados Pubmed por artigos com os termos "spinal cord injury AND methylprednisolone/GM1/apoptosis inhibitor/calpain inhibitor/naloxone/tempol/tirilazad", em português ou em inglês, publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Trabalhos mais antigos foram incluídos pela sua importância histórica. Os grupos farmacológicos foram divididos em função da sua capacidade para interferir nos mecanismos fisiopatológicos da lesão secundária. O uso de metilprednisolona deve ser cuidadosamente ponderado. Outros anti-inflamatórios mostraram benefícios em humanos ou em animais. O GM1 não aparenta ter maior eficácia do que a MP, mas estudos em mais longo prazo são necessários. Muitos inibidores da apoptose têm mostrado benefício em estudos in vitro ou em animais. A naloxona não deu mostras de benefício. O tempol inibe as principais consequências da oxidação no nível da medula e outros fármacos antioxidantes aparentam ter um efeito superior ao da metilprednisolona. É urgente encontrar novos tratamentos que melhorem o estado neurológico dos traumatizados vértebro-medulares. Os benefícios do tratamento com metilprednisolona têm sido questionados, há preocupações em relação à sua segurança. Outros fármacos têm sido estudados, podem alguns deles ser opções promissoras. Estudos adicionais são necessários para tirar conclusões sobre o benefício desses agentes na prática clínica.


الموضوعات
Apoptosis , Calpain , G(M1) Ganglioside , Methylprednisolone , Naloxone , Spinal Cord Injuries
15.
Cambios rev. méd ; 14(25): 59-61, jun.2015. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008279

الملخص

Introducción: la neuropatía óptica postraumática (NOP) es una entidad en la cual se presenta una lesión del nervio óptico secundaria a un traumatismo directo o indirecto. Puede ser muy fácil de diagnosticar cuando existe la sospecha clínica y se encuentran alteraciones funcionales pupilares. Existen varios estudios que pueden resultar útiles como auxiliares diagnósticos. El objetivo de presentar este caso clínico es el analizar un paciente con diagnóstico de NOP con afección bilateral, con estudio de tractografía positivo para lesión del nervio óptico, con el fin de enfatizar la necesidad de evaluar siempre funcionalmente los ojos en un paciente con traumatismo craneal y conocer la utilidad o no del tratamiento con corticoides en altas dosis. Caso clínico: hombre de 28 años de edad con antecedente de ingesta de licor, es asaltado y sufre traumatismo craneoencefálico con pérdida de la conciencia. A las 16 horas del evento únicamente percibía luz. Se inició tratamiento con corticoides intravenosos ante la sospecha de una neuropatía óptica postraumática. La tractografía de nervios ópticos demostró la presencia de lesión. Conclusiones: el análisis de este caso indica la necesidad de identificar la neuropatía óptica traumática, incluso en ausencia de signos anatómicos. Se debe implementar tempranamente tratamiento a base de corticoesteroides.


Introduction: post traumatic Optic Neuropathy (PON) is an entity in which a lesion of the optic nerve occurs after a direct or indirect trauma. It can be very easy to diagnose when there is clinical suspicion and functional pupillary abnormalities are present. There are several studies available that may be useful as diagnostic aids. The purpose of presenting this case report is to analyze a patient diagnosed with PON with bilateral involvement, with positive tractography study of the optic nerve, in order to emphasize the need to assess functionally the eyes of a patient with head trauma and to establish how useful or not a treatment with high-doses of corticosteroids can be. Clinical case: a 28 year old male with a history of intake of liquor, is assaulted and presented head trauma with loss of consciousness. At 16 hours after the accident there only was light perception. Treatment was initiated with intravenous corticosteroids suspicion of posttraumatic optic neuropathy. Tractography of the optic nerve showed the presence of injury. Conclusions: the analysis of this case indicates the need to identify Postraumatic Optic Neuropathy even in the absence of ocular abnormalities. Early treatment with corticosteroids must be implemented.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Adult , Orbit , Wounds and Injuries , Methylprednisolone , Optic Nerve Diseases , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Optic Nerve Injuries , Ischemia , Necrosis
16.
São Paulo; s.n; 2015. [102] p. ilus, tab, graf.
أطروحة جامعية ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-870962

الملخص

Introdução: Os corticosteroides intra-articulares (IA) são amplamente utilizados no tratamento da osteoartrite (OA) de joelho, porém é desconhecido qual dentre estes agentes é o mais eficaz. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar a eficácia das infiltrações IA de triancinolona hexacetonida (TH) e de acetato de metilprednisolona (AM) na OA de joelho. Pacientes e Métodos: Pacientes com OA sintomática de joelho, graus II ou III de Kellgren-Lawrence, foram randomizados para receber uma única infiltração IA com 40mg de TH ou AM. As avaliações clínicas foram realizadas nas semanas 4, 12 e 24. O desfecho primário do estudo foi a melhora da dor do joelho pelo paciente por escala visual analógica (EVA) da visita basal à semana 4. Os desfechos secundários incluíram a avaliação global da doença pelo paciente e pelo médico, o questionário de osteoartrite Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), o índice de Lequesne e o critério de resposta Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT-OARSI). Na análise estatística, foram empregadas equações de estimativa generalizada, com estatística de Wald para contrastes do tipo 3 e ajustes de Tukey-Kramer para comparações múltiplas. Resultados: Cem pacientes foram incluídos na população com intenção de tratar, 50 em cada braço do estudo. Uma melhora significativa na dor pela EVA foi observada na semana 4 para ambos os grupos (P < 0,0001), não havendo diferença entre eles (P=0,352). Esta melhora foi sustentada até a semana 24. Uma melhora significativa em relação à avaliação basal foi observada na avaliação global da doença pelo paciente e pelo médico, no questionário WOMAC e no índice de Lequesne, não havendo diferença entre os grupos. A melhora nos desfechos secundários de avaliação foi sustentada durante o estudo, exceto para a avaliação global da doença pelo paciente. O critério de resposta OMERACT-OARSI foi alcançado por 74% e 72% dos pacientes dos...


Introduction: Intra-articular (IA) corticosteroid injections are broadly used in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis (OA), but it is unknown which of these agents is the most effective. Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of triamcinolone hexacetonide (TH) and methylprednisolone acetate (MA) IA injections in knee OA. Patients and Methods: Patients with symptomatic knee OA, Kellgren-Lawrence grades II or III, were randomized to receive a single IA injection with 40mg of TH or MA. Evaluations were performed at 4, 12 and 24 weeks. The primary outcome of the study was to evaluate the improvement in the patient's knee pain by visual analogue scale (VAS) from baseline to week 4. Secondary outcomes included the global assessment of the disease by the patient and the physician, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis questionnaire (WOMAC), the Lequesne index and the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OMERACT-OARSI) criteria of response. Generalized estimating equations with Wald statistics for type 3 contrasts and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison adjustment were employed in statistical analysis. Results: The intention-to-treat population included one hundred patients; 50 in each study arm. A significant improvement in pain by VAS was observed at week 4 for both groups (P<0.0001), with no difference between them (P=0.352). This improvement was sustained up to week 24. A significant improvement from the baseline was observed for the patients' and the physicians' global assessments, WOMAC questionnaire, and Lequesne index, with no differences between the groups. Improvements in the secondary outcomes were sustained during the study, except for the patients' global assessment of disease. OMERACT-OARSI criteria of response was achieved by 74% and 72% of patients in the TH and the MA groups, respectively. Conclusion: TH and MA are equally effective in knee OA and...


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Adrenal Cortex Hormones , Injections, Intra-Articular , Osteoarthritis, Knee , Surveys and Questionnaires
17.
Rev. Fac. Med. UNAM ; 57(6): 5-10, sep.-dic. 2014. graf
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-957020

الملخص

Resumen La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad inmune-inflamatoria y crónico-degenerativa, que afecta a personas jóvenes y tiene un alto impacto social por los costos directos e indirectos. Objetivo: Regular el proceso neurodegenerativo a través de una adecuada modulación de los factores inflamatorios mediante el uso de metilprednisolona y la evaluación con estudios de resonancia magnética. Pacientes y métodos: Pacientes mujeres que se encuentran entre la 1ª y 5ª década de la vida, con diagnóstico de EM, que se incluyeron por cumplir con los criterios diagnósticos de McDonald 2010 (sobre todo la diseminación en tiempo y espacio). Se les administraron bolos de metilprednisolona de manera regular, aun cuando no presentaran recaídas y se evaluaron con estudios de resonancia magnética (RM) anual, con un seguimiento de hasta 15 años. Resultados: Se observa una marcada disminución de las lesiones en función del tiempo y la administración de los bolos de metilprednisolona, y entre los 3 y 10 años las lesiones desaparecen en su totalidad. Conclusiones: La administración de bolos de metilprednisolona de manera regular atenúa el proceso inflamatorio y el daño a la barrera hematoencefálica, y por lo tanto, coadyuva en la remielinización y previene la neurodegeneración.


Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and immune-degenerative disease that affects young people and has a high social impact due to direct and indirect costs. Objective: Regulate neurodegenerative process through a suitable modulation of inflammatory factors by using methylprednisolone and evaluation with Magnetic Resonance studies. Patients and methods: Female patients between the 1st and 5th decade of life, with diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis, were included in the study if they met the criteria of McDonal 2010 (specially space and time monitoring) methylprednisolone boluses were administered regularly, even when the patient had no relapses, and the patients were then evaluated with Magnetic Resonance per annum, with a follow-up of up to 15 years. Results: There is a marked decrease of lesion in function of time and the bolus administration of methylprednisolone, and lesions disappeared entirely after 3 to 10 years of administration. Conclusions: The regular bolus administration of methylprednisolone attenuates the inflammatory process and the damage to the blood brain barrier and thus contributes in preventing neurodegeneration and is coadyuvant in remyelination.

18.
Rev. venez. endocrinol. metab ; 12(3): 157-166, oct. 2014. tab
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-740362

الملخص

La Oftalmopatía Tiroidea (OT) es la manifestación extra-tiroidea más común y más importante de la enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune. El uso de esteroides en administración oral o endovenosa (EV) es una de las estrategias para el tratamiento. En esta revisión se evalúa el efecto de la administración de esteroides por vía EV comparativamente con esteroides administrados por vía oral en el tratamiento de la OT. Para ello, se identificaron ensayos clínicos disponibles en la literatura desde enero de 1980 hasta noviembre de 2013. Los estudios fueron seleccionados de forma independiente por los revisores. Se evaluaron 4 ensayos clínicos. Todos los pacientes que recibieron algún tipo de esteroide, sin importar la forma de administración presentaron mejoría con respecto a su condición antes del inicio del tratamiento. Tres de los estudios mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la mayoría de los parámetros evaluados en favor de los que recibieron el esteroide por vía EV. En general, los esteroides son bien tolerados, pero los efectos adversos son más frecuentes en los pacientes que reciben la terapia esteroidea por vía oral (p˂0,0001). Tres de los estudios utilizaron un mismo esquema y dosis para la administración de metilprednisolona EV. Para la administración oral cada estudio presentó un esquema diferente. Se concluye que la evaluación de los pacientes que tienen indicación para el uso de esteroides para el manejo de la OT debe ser integral y multidisciplinaria. Los que mayor beneficio tienen son los que se presentan con OT clasificada como moderada o severa, y con un puntaje en escala de actividad >4. Los pacientes con OT que reciben tratamiento con metilprednisolona EV, comparados con los que reciben tratamiento con prednisona o metilprednisolona oral, tienen un mayor porcentaje de mejoría de la OT; además, ésta mejoría se observa de forma más temprana, con menor tasa de eventos adversos.


Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TO) is the most common extra thyroid manifestation and the most important of autoimmune thyroid disease. The use of oral or intravenous steroids administration is one of the strategies for treating. This review evaluates the effect of intravenous steroid administration versus orally administered in the treatment of TO. Clinical trials were identified in the literature from January 1980 to November 2013. Studies were selected independently by the reviewers. We found four clinical trials comparing the use of intravenous versus oral steroid in the management of TO. All patients receiving steroid regardless of method of administration have improvement with respect to their condition before the start of treatment. Three studies show statistically significant differences in the improvement of the parameters evaluated in favor of receiving the steroid intravenously. Steroids are generally well tolerated, but adverse effects are more frequent in patients receiving oral therapy (p˂0,0001). Three of the studies used the same doses and schedule for administration of intravenous methylprednisolone. For oral administration each study presents a different scheme. We conclude that the evaluation of patients who receive steroids for the management of thyroid ophthalmopathy should be comprehensive and multidisciplinary. Those who have most benefit are those who present with moderate or severe classified as OT, and with a scale score of activity >4. TO patients receiving intravenous methylprednisolone therapy, compared to those treated with oral prednisone or methylprednisolone have a greater percentage of improvement in the TO, and this improvement was also observed earlier and with fewer adverse events.

19.
Rev. cuba. med ; 53(3): 354-358, jul.-set. 2014.
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-726199

الملخص

El síndrome neurológico posmalaria es una complicación infrecuente del paludismo que ocurre principalmente en pacientes con malaria grave por Plasmodium falciparum. Se presentó un paciente cubano que 2 semanas después del diagnóstico y tratamiento de la malaria en Mozambique y de mantenerse asintomático, desarrolló manifestaciones neurológicas compatibles con un síndrome neurológico posmalaria. El tratamiento con metilprednisolona produjo mejoría clínica...


Post-malaria neurological syndrome is a rare complication of malaria occurring mainly in serious cases of Plasmodium falciparum infection. A Cuban male patient presented with neurological manifestations of post-malaria neurological syndrome two weeks after being diagnosed and treated for malaria in Mozambique. During that period the patient had been asymptomatic. Treatment with methylprednisolone was clinically effective....


الموضوعات
Nervous System Diseases/diagnosis , Malaria
20.
J. bras. pneumol ; J. bras. pneumol;40(3): 238-243, May-Jun/2014. graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-714681

الملخص

Objective: To determine the effects of acute and chronic administration of methylprednisolone on oxidative stress, as quantified by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO) and total reactive antioxidant potential (TRAP), in rat lungs. Methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided into four groups: acute treatment, comprising rats receiving a single injection of methylprednisolone (50 mg/kg i.p.); acute control, comprising rats i.p. injected with saline; chronic treatment, comprising rats receiving methylprednisolone in drinking water (6 mg/kg per day for 30 days); and chronic control, comprising rats receiving normal drinking water. Results: The levels of TRAP were significantly higher in the acute treatment group rats than in the acute control rats, suggesting an improvement in the pulmonary defenses of the former. The levels of lung LPO were significantly higher in the chronic treatment group rats than in the chronic control rats, indicating oxidative damage in the lung tissue of the former. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the acute use of corticosteroids is beneficial to lung tissue, whereas their chronic use is not. The chronic use of methylprednisolone appears to increase lung LPO levels. .


Objetivo: Determinar os efeitos da administração aguda e crônica de metilprednisolona no estresse oxidativo, por meio da quantificação da peroxidação lipídica (POL) e do potencial antioxidante reativo total (PART), em pulmões de ratos. Métodos: Quarenta ratos Wistar foram divididos em quatro grupos: tratamento agudo, com ratos recebendo uma dose única de metilprednisolona (50 mg/kg i.p.); controle agudo, com ratos recebendo injeção unida de salina; tratamento crônico, com ratos recebendo metilprednisolona v.o. na água do bebedouro (6 mg/kg por dia durante 30 dias; e controle crônico, com ratos recebendo água de bebedouro normal). Resultados: Os níveis de PART foram significativamente maiores no grupo tratamento agudo que no grupo controle agudo, sugerindo uma melhora do sistema de defesa pulmonar. Os níveis de POL foram significativamente maiores no grupo tratamento crônico que no grupo controle crônico, indicando dano oxidativo no tecido pulmonar. Conclusões: Nossos resultados sugerem que o uso agudo de corticoides foi benéfico aos tecidos pulmonares, enquanto seu uso crônico não o foi. O uso crônico de metilprednisolona parece aumentar os níveis pulmonares da POL. .


الموضوعات
Animals , Male , Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Lung/drug effects , Methylprednisolone/administration & dosage , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Antioxidant Response Elements , Disease Models, Animal , Lipid Peroxidation , Lung/metabolism , Rats, Wistar
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