Neural and Neural Crest-Derived Stem Cell Distribution in the Adult Human Dental Pulp

SUMMARY: Despite comprehensive studies and reports about the properties of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in vitro, we still need to confirm whether these in vitro characteristics coincide with the nature of DPSCs in situ. The anatomical location of DPSCs populations in the dental pulp has yet to be investigated. Moreover, the mesenchymal DPSCs have been much more studied than the neural crest-derived DPSCs. In this study, well-recognized neural/neural crest stem cell markers NCAM1, Nestin, SNAIL/SLUG, SOX9, and S100 are being investigated by immunohistochemistry to localize the precise location of these populations of DPSCs within the human adult dental pulp.All previously mentioned markers were expressed in the dental pulp, and their intensity and location of expression were reported.

A pesar de estudios e informes exhaustivos sobre las propiedades de las células madre de la pulpa dental (DPSC) in vitro, todavía necesitamos confirmar si estas características in vitro coinciden con la naturaleza de las DPSC in situ. La ubicación anatómica de las poblaciones de DPSC en la pulpa dental aún no se ha investigado. Además, las DPSC mesenquimales han sido mucho más estudiadas que las DPSC derivadas de la cresta neural. En este estudio, se están investigando mediante inmunohisto química marcadores de células madre de la cresta neural/ neural NCAM1, Nestin, SNAIL/SLUG, SOX9 y S100 para localizar la ubicación precisa de estas poblaciones de DPSC dentro de la pulpa dental humana adulta. Todos los marcadores mencionados anteriormente se expresaron en la pulpa dental y se informó su intensidad y ubicación de expresión.

The expression of collagen fibers,NCAM1 and RUNX1 in blood-supply myocardium of myocardial bridge / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the express of collagen fibers ,NCAM11 and RUNX1 in blood-supply myocardium of myo-cardial bridge(MB) .Methods The Massion′s staining were conducted to reveal the morphology of collagen fibers in blood-supply myocardium among MB without artherosclerosis(group A) ,MB with artherosclerosis(group B) ,coronary artery disease(group C) , and non-cardiogenic instantly death(group D) .The expression level of NCAM1 and RUNX1 were detected among four groups using immunohistochemistry(IHC) and Western bolt ,respectively .Results There were a lot of collagen fibers in myocardium interstitial substance and/or heart muscle necrosis between group B and C ,but not almost collagen fibers between group A and D .The expres-sion of NCAM1 was positive in group B ,and mainly expressed on the cytoplasm and membranes of cardiac myocytes by IHC .group C was similar to results in vicinal myocardium with myocardial scar .However ,there was quite lowness or negative expression of NCAM1 in group A and D .Significant difference was found between group B as well as C and group A as well as D (P<0 .05) .The expression level of RUNX1 in blood-supply myocardium was almost like to the results of NCAM 1 .Conclusion MB with arthero-sclerosis might be lead to chronic myocardial ischemia .

Effect of anti-epileptic, nootropic drugs on the expression of ERK2 and NCAM1 in the hippocampus changes on the epileptic rats with cognitive dysfunction / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the effect of anti-epileptic,nootropic drugs on the expression of NCAM and ERK2 in the hippocampus changes on the epileptic rats with cognitive dysfunction.Methods A total of 120Wistar rats were used.20 controls and 100 in which epilepticus with cognitive dysfunction were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n =20/group) that received daily treatments for 30 days with either (1) saline (epilepsy),(2) carbamazine (traditional anti-epileptic),(3) oxcarbazine (new anti-epileptic),(4) aniracetam (brain protective),or (5) donepezil (nootopic).Spatial learning and memory were assessed with a Morris Water Maze (MWM).Hippocampus tissue was assessed for NCAM1 and ERK-2 mRNAs by RT-PCR and proteins by immunochemistry.Results The mean escape latency of the place navigation test:EP group ((67.14 ± 7.37)s)was all higher than NS group (35.78 ± 4.84 s)and there was statistical significance (P ＜ 0.01),carbamazepine group ((81.23 ± 9.46)s) ＞ EP group((67.14 ±7.37)s) ＞ donepezi group((53.75 ±6.74) s) (P＜0.01).Immunohistochemical and RT-PCR result:carbamazepine ＜ oxcarbazepine ＜ epilepsy ＜ aniracetam ＜ donepezi group.Compared with control group,donepezil group ＞ control group (P ＜ 0.01),aniracetam group ＞ control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ERK-2 expression is decreased and NCAM 1 expression is increased in the hippocampus in the epileptic rats.Thus,both are involved in cognitive dysfunction.Carbamazepine aggravates cognitive dysfunction,whereas donepezil improves cognitive dysfunction associated with epilepsy.