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Objective To explore the short-term and long-term curative effect of different polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)embolic agents combined with coaxial microcatheter embolization on massive hemoptysis.Methods According to different embolization agents,60 patients with massive hemoptysis were divided into polyvinyl alcohol embolization microsphere group(microsphere group,32 cases,polyvinyl alco-hol embolization microsphere+coaxial microcatheter embolization)and polyvinyl alcohol foam embolization microparticle group(micropar-ticle group,28 cases,polyvinyl alcohol foam embolization microparticle+coaxial microcatheter embolization).The curative effect,coagula-tion indexes,hemoptysis volume,incidence of complications and recurrence rate of hemoptysis were compared between the two groups.Results The difference in the response rates to treatment between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).Hemoptysis volume was significantly less in the microsphere group than that in the microparticle group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups(P＞0.05).The recurrence rate of hemoptysis was lower in the microsphere group than that in the microparticle group(3.03％vs 21.43％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion The curative effect of both polyvinyl alcohol embolization microsphere and foam embolization microparticle combined with coaxial microcatheter embolization is highly effective on massive hemoptysis.The long-term prognosis of polyvinyl alcohol embolization microsphere combined with coaxial microcatheter embolization is better.
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BACKGROUND:Osteochondral defect of the joint is a difficult problem faced by orthopedic surgeons,and traditional repair methods are difficult to obtain satisfactory curative effects.Hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol-based composite hydrogel material is a direction of current research. OBJECTIVE:To prepare hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol/collagen-chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogel material and characterize its physical characteristics,to verify its histocompatibility and cell adhesion and proliferation ability after implantation in vivo,and explore its repair effect on rabbit osteochondral defects. METHODS:The cylindrical porous poly(lactic acid)scaffold was prepared by 3D printing technology(the pore sizes were 1.2,1.4,1.6 and 1.8 mm,respectively).The poly(lactic acid)scaffold was injected with polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite mixed emulsion.After freezing thawing and dichloromethane dissolution,hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was prepared.Then,the collagen-chitosan-gelatin mixture was injected into the hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and crosslinked with genipin.Finally,the hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol/collagen-chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogel was prepared by alcohol cleaning and freeze-drying.The physical characteristics of the four groups of hydrogels were characterized,and the hydrogels with the best performance were screened for follow-up experiments.Hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel and collagen-chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogel were implanted subcutaneously in SD rats.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining were used to observe the adhesion growth of cells on the material surface.Osteochondral defect(diameter:5 mm,depth:6 mm)models were made in the femoral trochlea of bilateral knee joints of 15 rabbits.The composite hydrogel was implanted on the left side(experimental group),while no material was implanted on the right side(control group).Micro-CT and histology were used to evaluate the repair effect of osteochondral defects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Based on the results of porosity,water content,mechanical testing and scanning electron microscopy,it was concluded that the hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol/collagen-chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogel with a pore size of 1.2 mm was more consistent with the general characteristics of natural cartilage,which was used for subsequent experiments.(2)Hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining exhibited that with the extension of subcutaneous implantation time of the materials,the adhesion of cells around the two materials increased significantly,and the proliferation of cells after the implantation of collagen-chitosan-gelatin was better,a large number of cells could be seen growing into the formed network structure,and the network structure was gradually degraded.(3)In the rabbit osteochondral defect experiment,8 weeks after surgery,Micro-CT examination demonstrated that the material implanted in the experimental group had good integration with the surrounding bone-cartilage,with some bone growth on the surface and inside,while the cartilage and subcartilage in the control group still had obvious defects,without effective repair.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and toluidine blue staining displayed that the composite hydrogel in the experimental group integrated with the surrounding articular cartilage 4-8 weeks after implantation.With the extension of time,new cartilage gradually formed on the surface of the material.At 12 weeks,most of the defect was covered by new cartilage,and good bone growth was also observed in the subcartilage.In the control group,the deep bone defects were mostly repaired and the superficial cartilage and subchondral bone defects were also repaired to a certain extent,but they were mainly replaced by fibrous tissue and part of fibrocartilage 12 weeks after surgery.(4)In conclusion,hydroxyapatite-polyvinyl alcohol/collagen-chitosan-gelatin composite hydrogel material can mimic the structure and function of natural cartilage,and can effectively repair osteochondral defects in animal experiments.
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Wound infection is becoming a considerable healthcare crisis due to the abuse of antibiotics and the substantial production of multidrug-resistant bacteria. Seawater immersion wounds usually become a mortal trouble because of the infection of Vibrio vulnificus. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, one kind of natural predatory bacteria, is recognized as a promising biological therapy against intractable bacteria. Here, we prepared a B. bacteriovorus-loaded polyvinyl alcohol/alginate hydrogel for the topical treatment of the seawater immersion wounds infected by V. vulnificus. The B. bacteriovorus-loaded hydrogel (BG) owned highly microporous structures with the mean pore size of 90 μm, improving the rapid release of B. bacteriovorus from BG when contacting the aqueous surroundings. BG showed high biosafety with no L929 cell toxicity or hemolysis. More importantly, BG exhibited excellent in vitro anti-V. vulnificus effect. The highly effective infected wound treatment effect of BG was evaluated on mouse models, revealing significant reduction of local V. vulnificus, accelerated wound contraction, and alleviated inflammation. Besides the high bacterial inhibition of BG, BG remarkably reduced inflammatory response, promoted collagen deposition, neovascularization and re-epithelization, contributing to wound healing. BG is a promising topical biological formulation against infected wounds.
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Objective:To investigate the efficacy, safety and surgical experience of middle meningeal artery embolization using polyvinyl alcohol particle in treating chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH).Methods:A total of 51 CSDH patients (25 accepted first treatment, 19 had invalid atorvastatin treatment, and 7 recurred after burr hole drainage) admitted to Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from May 2021 to August 2022 were enrolled. The characteristics of middle meningeal artery were evaluated by three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D TOF) MRA before embolization. With confirmation of no surgical contraindications, unilateral or bilateral embolization of the middle meningeal artery with polyvinyl alcohol particle was performed under local anesthesia. The hematoma recurrence rate and proportion of patients with reduction of maximum hematoma thickness>50% at 2 months after embolization were used as primary outcomes to evaluate the efficacy. Complications and embolization-related adverse events were recorded, and the experiences were retrospectively summarized.Results:For all 51 patients, the characteristics of the middle meningeal artery shown in the preoperative 3D TOF MRA were consistent with those in the intraoperative angiography; 16 patients with unilateral hematoma showed thickened bilateral middle meningeal arteries in preoperative 3D TOF MRA, bilateral blood supply was confirmed by intraoperative angiography and bilateral middle meningeal artery embolization was performed. Interventional embolization was successful in all 51 patients, including unilateral embolization in 19 and bilateral embolization in 32, with a total of 83 sides of embolizations. After embolization, hematoma was absorbed and symptoms improved in 48 patients, and hematoma recurrence was observed in 3 patients (5.9%), with an overall success rate of 94.1%. Excluding the 3 patients with hematoma recurrence, 39 patients completed the 2-month follow-up, and these patients had the maximum hematoma thickness reduction>50%. No mortality, complications or surgery-related adverse events were observed in them.Conclusion:Middle meningeal artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol particle is safe and effective in treating CSDH; once bilateral middle meningeal artery blood supply is indicated by preoperative MRA in patients with unilateral hematoma, bilateral angiography and embolization should be considered during interventional treatment.
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Objective:To investigate the long-term efficacy and the adverse reactions of uterine artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol granules in the treatment of adenomyosis.Methods:Sixty patients with adenomyosis who received treatment in The Second People's Hospital of Qinzhou from January 2009 to February 2017 were retrospectively included in this study. They were divided into an observation group ( n = 31) and a control group ( n = 29) according to different treatment methods. The observation group was treated by embolization of the uterine artery with a polyvinyl alcohol granule. The control group was treated with a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system. After treatment, all patients were followed up for 2-5 years. The long-term efficacy was evaluated, including the symptoms of dysmenorrhea, average menstrual fluid volume, sex hormone, and change in uterine size. Results:After 2 years of treatment, the response rate in the observation group was 93.5% (29/31), which was significantly higher than 72.4% (21/29) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.81, P = 0.028). After 5 years of treatment, the response rate in the observation group was 93.5% (29/31), which was significantly higher than 65.5% (19/29) in the control group ( χ2 = 7.35, P = 0.007). After treatment, the improvements in uterine size, menstrual fluid volume, and visual analogue scale score were greater in the observation group than those in the control group (all P < 0.05). After treatment, all patients were followed up for 5 years. There was no significant difference in the incidence of long-term adverse reactions between the observation and control groups [3.2% (1/31) vs. 6.9% (2/29), P > 0.05]. The recurrence rate in the observation group was 3.45% (1/29), which was significantly lower than 23.81% (5/21) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.78, P = 0.029). After 2 and 5 years of treatment, ovarian function was not affected in both groups of patients. Conclusion:Uterine artery embolization with polyvinyl alcohol granules for the treatment of adenomyosis has identified long-term curative effects, is safe, and has a low recurrence rate.
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Objective:To prepare polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hydroxyapatite (HA) composite embolization microspheres and investigate their physicochemical properties.Methods:PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres were prepared by reverse suspension polymerization, using PVA and HA as dispersed phases, liquid paraffin containing sorbitan fatty acid ester as the continuous phase, and glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. The morphology, particle size distribution, and microscopic morphology of PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres were observed by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The chemical structure of PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres and the elasticity, drug loading, and drug release properties of PVA/HA composite bolus microspheres were characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy.Results:The PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres were internal, porous round spheres with a particle size distribution of 50-300 μm. The elastic properties of PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres were(13.6±0.145) kPa, which was 2.28 times that of PVA microspheres, and the drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were (76.80±1.22) mg/g and (38.4±12.7)%, respectively. The maximum cumulative release rate of the microspheres within 7 days was (7.37±0.101)%, and the maximum cumulative release was (256.2±9.8) μg.Conclusions:PVA/HA composite embolization microspheres have good mechanical properties and drug-loading and drug-releasing properties, which provide an important reference for their use as medical devices.
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Objective @#To explore the feasibility of antler powder/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds as tissue engineering bone scaffolds and the relationship between their degradation performance and the healing speed of bone defects.@*Methods @# Antler powder/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds and nano hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds were prepared by 3D printing. The whole bone marrow culture method was used to prepare blood cell sheets of Altay big tail sheep’s iliac bone marrow. With observation times of 1, 2 and 3 months, the mandibular defects of 4 sheep were established. The experimental group was coated with antler powder/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds. The control group was coated with nanohydroxyapatite/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffolds. The negative control group was coated with gel-free sponges. According to the self-control method of the bilateral mandible defect area, scaffolds wrapped with cell membranes or gel sponges wrapped with cell membranes were implanted. At the ends of the first, second and third months after implantation, the experimental animals were killed, cone beam CT was performed, and paraffin sections were taken for HE staining to evaluate the effect of different scaffold materials on bone regeneration and scaffold degradation.@* Results@# Scanning electron microscopy showed that both groups had regular pores and good continuity, and there was no difference in pore size and porosity between the two groups (P > 0.05). The results of CBCT imaging showed that in 3 months after operation, the experimental group had significantly better repair effects on bone defects than the control group, and the degradation rate matched the bone repair rate. The bone mineral density in the center of the defect was higher than that of the control group, which was close to that of normal bone tissue. The central bone mineral density of the experimental group at each time point was higher than those of the control group and the negative control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). HE staining results showed that the bone cells in the experimental group were more active, with more new capillaries and bone trabeculae formed, and the scaffold material absorbed more than the control group. @*Conclusion @#The antler powder/silk fibroin/polyvinyl alcohol scaffold can promote the repair of critical bone defects. Its degradability matches its bone tissue healing rate. It is expected to become a promising scaffold material for bone tissue engineering.
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Aims@#This research was conducted to develop and characterize polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/montmorillonite (MONT) clay incorporated with carvacrol (Carva) nanocomposite film as a potential material in wound dressing.@*Methodology and results@#Organophilic MONT clay, which was initially modified from commercial MONT clay by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was used in the polymerization process using PVA. The synthesized nanocomposites were visualized via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The developed film (PVA/MONT/Carva nanocomposite film) was characterized via Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The investigation on mechanical property and antimicrobial activity of the film was also performed. All nanocomposites are spherical, with a size of 92.8 ± 22.1 nm. The -OH stretch, C-H stretch, aromatic group, SiO stretch, and C-O from acetyl group were identified in the PVA/MONT/Carva nanocomposite films. During the chemical release test, carvacrol attained a plateau at 24 h, with a total release of 62.3%. This nanocomposite exhibited a severe detrimental influence on the growth of Gram-bacteria and yeasts, which represented a broad spectrum of antimicrobial agents. All test microorganisms showed approximately up to 82% reduction of microbial growth during the Hohenstein challenge test. Physically, the nanocomposite films were yellowish and apparent. The film was sturdy, flexible, elastic and consisted of excellent water holding capacity.@*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#PVA/MONT/Carva nanocomposite film may have a useful potential to be merged in the pharmaceutical application, especially in wound dressing production.
الموضوعات
Polyvinyl Alcohol , Bentonite , Wound Healingالملخص
Objective@#To study the efficacy and safety of oral mucoadhesive containing chitosan for the treatment of recurrent aphothous stomatitis (RAS)@* Methods@#72 subjects, who were diagnosed with RAS, were involved in the study. The subjects were randomly allocated to the test or control group and shown how to use the films. The film con⁃taining chitosan was provided to the participants in the test group and the polyvinyl alcohol film was provided to the con⁃trol group. Baseline, pain score (visual analog scale), ulcer size and adverse effects were recorded@* Results @#The reduc⁃tion in ulcer size was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the treatment group (2.91 ± 3.66)mm 2 than in the control group (1.10 ± 2.26) mm 2 between days 4 and 6. There was no significant difference between the treatment and control groups in the pain score, ulcer size, or reduction in the pain score (P > 0.05). No obvious adverse effects were observed.@* Con⁃clusion @#The oral mucoadhesive film containing chitosan promotes healing of RAS.
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@# Three dimensionally printed composite porous bone tissue engineering scaffolds have become a research focus. Composite polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has good biocompatibilityand degradability, but it cannot be prepared indepen⁃dently because it cannot resist highmechanical resistance. This material shows many advantages, such as good biocom⁃patibility, degradability and mechanical properties, when compounded with other materials with good mechanical proper⁃ties and good biocompatibility. Therefore, 3D printed composite PVA scaffold material can optimize the performance of PVA scaffolds. This article reviews 3D printing bone scaffold technology, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and composite PVA scaffolds for in vivo and in vitro bone formation.
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Abstract The aims of this work were to produce hyaluronic acid (HA) by Streptococcus zooepidemicus ATCC 39920 in a low cost sugarcane molasses fermentation medium and to employ the produced HA to obtain films blends based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The films were produced using solution casting method and they were characterized according to their microstructure, mechanical and barrier properties. HA was added in different concentrations (0, 5, 10 and 15% (w/w)), and glycerol was used as a plasticizer (25 g/100 g solids). All formulations resulted in easily manipulated films with good appearance. The addition of HA on PVA films increased their thermal stability, solubility, swelling index, water vapor permeability and elongation. Microbial HA sample combined with PVA showed to be a promising material to biomedical application, and an addition between 5 and 10% (w/w) was sufficient to improve PVA films properties.
الموضوعات
Animals , Polyvinyl Alcohol , Molasses , Streptococcus equi/metabolism , Hyaluronic Acid/biosynthesis , Plasticizers , Biotechnologyالملخص
Composite membrane as a flexible materials have found diverse applications in industrial and biomedical simultaneously, the recent studies have shown intrinsic improvement for membrane properties by inclusion of nanoparticles as a fillers with high portion ratio in inorganic polymers, the combination between two parts polymer and filler is as a result of collection the advantage of two component systems parts together. In this work, samples of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-nanoHaydroxyapatite (nHAp) composites were prepared by using casting method. The effects of addition of (nHAp) with different concentration on the optical properties of (PVA- nHAp) composite membrane have been studied by using wavelength range (220-820) nm. The absorption spectra, transmittance spectra, absorption coefficient, energy gap, refractive index, optical conductivity and extinction coefficient have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with the increase of nHPA concentrations.
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Polyvinyl Alcohol , Spectrum Analysis , Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic , Nanoparticles , Materials Science , Hydroxyapatitesالملخص
Using three-dimensional printing to produce antibacterial wound dressing is a new topic that will change the production style of wound dressing industry. Combining with post-3D-printed process, a desktop fused deposition molding equipment can be used to produce wound dressing containing polyvinyl alcohol, alginate and chitosan. The wound dressing produced by FDM has good aspects of absorbency, moisture vapour transmission rate and mechanical property. After loaded with antibacterial agent iodine and silver nano particle, the antibacterial activity rate increases to 99% and it is suitable to use as antibacterial wound dressing. This method affects the production of wound dressing to a more cost-effective way, and provides a possible individualized treatment for patient in the future.
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Humans , Alginates , Chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Bacteria , Bandages , Economics , Reference Standards , Chitosan , Chemistry , Iodine , Pharmacology , Nanoparticles , Polyvinyl Alcohol , Chemistry , Printing, Three-Dimensional , Silver , Pharmacology , Wound Healingالملخص
Objective To compare the efficacy of partial splenic embolization (PSE)with 150－350 μm and 350－560 μm polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).Methods A total of 24 patients were analyzed retrospectively in this study.Among them,9 patients underwent PSE with PVA of 1 50－350 μm (group A)and 1 5 patients with PVA of 350－560 μm (group B).Hematological parameters including white blood cell and platelet counts before and 1 week after surgery were compared between the two groups,as well as postoperative complications. Results The white blood cell and platelet counts were both significantly increased after 1 week of surgery compared with that before surgery (both P＜0.05).Furthermore,group A had obvious advantage over group B in increasing platelets (P＝0.05).The incidences of postoperative complications were 100% (9/9)in group A and 87% (13/15)in group B,respectively,but the incidence and severity of complications between two groups were comparable.Conclusion PSE with PVA of 1 50－3 50 μm has advantage in postoperative platelet improvement over PVA of 350－560 μm.
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This review introduces a brief description on the featured properties of polyvinyl alcohol based on hydrogel dressings. During past ten years many new artificial polymeric dressings have been developed, which meet requirements of wound healing. This review mainly focuses on one representative of ideal polymeric wound dressing membranes, polyvinyl alcohol based hydrogel dressings. But as the hydrogels with single component have low mechanical strength, recent trends have offered composite hydrogel membranes to achieve the ideal wound dressing requirements.
الموضوعات
Bandages , Hydrogels , Polyvinyl Alcohol , Tensile Strength , Wound Healingالملخص
·AIM: To explore clinical effect of pranoprofen combined with deproteinized calf blood extract eye drops for moderate to severe dry eye. ·METHODS: A total of 84 patients (132 eyes) who received treatment at the Zhengzhou Second Hospital were selected from January 2016 to January 2017. According to random number table method they were divided into control group 42 cases (68 eyes) and observation group 42 cases (64 eyes), the control group using polyvinyl alcohol eye drops with pranoprofen, observation group with pranoprofen with deproteinized extract of calf blood eye drops. Subjective and objective scores before and after treatment were recorded. · RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference on the four objective indicators of pretreatment FL,BUT,SⅠt,and vision between the two groups (P>0.05). Dry eye symptom scores of the two groups decreased after treatment,both with significantly different (P<0.05);after treatment,the symptom scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05), indicating that the subjective symptoms of the observation group were better than that of the control group after treatment. After treatment of the control group and the observation group,the FL index was significantly lower than before treatment, BUT, S Ⅰ t and vision were significantly higher than before treatment, and the differences within either group were statistically significant(P<0.05);those indexes of observation group were different compared with control group (P < 0. 05), indicating that the objective symptoms of the observation group were better than that of the control group after treatment. None of the patients showed serious adverse reactions. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical effect of praprofen on the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye with the deproteinized calf blood extract is better.
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Objective To screen a kind of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogel with similar physical properties to human vitreous body as to provide basis for exploring new vitreous substitutes.Methods Different concentrations (1％,3％,7％) PVA solution were crosslinked by γ-irradiation (Co60),and 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA hydrogels were harvested.Then PVA hydrogels with similar properties to natural vitreous were screened by detecting the physical and optical properties (density,water content,light transmittance,refractive index,pH value,swelling property) and rheological properties and cytotoxicity of PVA hydrogels.Results As for the physical and optical properties of the hydrogels,the water content,refractive index,light transmittance,pH value and density of 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA hydrogel was 98.90％ vs.98.10％ vs.93.50％,1.335 5 vs.1.336 1 vs.1.342 5,94.80％ vs.93.20％ vs.88.20％,7.22 vs.7.25 vs.7.41 and 1003.9 g · L-1d vs.1014.4 g · L-1 vs.1114.7 g · L-1,respectively.Finally,1％ and 3％PVA hydrogels had the similar physical and optical properties to the human vitreous.As for rheological properties,the storage modulus (G') of the three PVA hydrogels was larger than the loss modulus (G"),indicating that these three hydrogels were viscoelastic gel,and the elastic properties was greater than the viscosity.1％ PVA:G'was (3.2 ±1.1)Pa,G" was (0.8 ±0.5)Pa;3％ PVA:G'was (6.1 ± 1.3)Pa,G" was (1.3 ±0.9)Pa;7％ PVA:G'was (106.5 ± 18.6) Pa and G" was (18.3 ± 12.8) Pa.According to resilience,the hydrogels can be ranked as follows:7％ PVA ＞ 3％ PVA ＞ 1％ PVA;in terms of creep,3％ PVA ＞ 7％ PVA ＞ 1％ PVA.Additionally,MTT colorimetric assay showed that there was no significant difference in A values among the three groups by cells culture in 1％,3％ and 7％ PVA for 72 hours (all P ＞0.05),suggesting that all the three hydrogels showed no obvious cytotoxicity and had good biocompatibility.Conelusion 3％ PVA hydrogel has similar optical,physical and rheological properties to the human vitreous,and shows good biocompatibility,which can be one of vitreous substitutes.
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Abstract Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were immobilized by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate. The immobilization conditions and ammonia oxidation ability of the immobilized bacteria were investigated. The following immobilization conditions were observed to be optimal: PVA, 12%; sodium alginate, 1.1%; calcium chloride, 1.0%; inoculum concentration, 1.3 immobilized balls/mL of immobilized medium; pH, 10; and temperature, 30 °C. The immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria exhibited strong ammonia oxidation ability even after being recycled four times. The ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the immobilized ammonia-oxidizing bacteria reached 90.30% under the optimal immobilization conditions. When compared with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria immobilized by sodium alginate alone, the bacteria immobilized by PVA and sodium alginate were superior with respect to pH resistance, the number of reuses, material cost, heat resistance, and ammonia oxidation ability.
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Bacteria/chemistry , Microbiological Techniques/methods , Ammonia/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction , Polyvinyl Alcohol/chemistry , Temperature , Bacteria/metabolism , Microbiological Techniques/economics , Microbiological Techniques/instrumentation , Cells, Immobilized/metabolism , Cells, Immobilized/chemistry , Glucuronic Acid/chemistry , Alginates/chemistry , Hexuronic Acids/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentrationالملخص
Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of transcatheter arterial sclerosing embolization (TASE) combined with oral Propranolol in infantile huge hemangiomas.Methods A total of 76 infants with huge hemangioma were treated by TASE.All patients received oral Propranolol based on their weight.The follow-up and efficacy evaluation were performed from the last treatment.And the complications were analyzed.Results Seventy-six cases underwent 95 case-times of TASE totally.The success rate of puncture technique was 100％ (95/95).All patients were divided into 5 levels (0-Ⅳ levels) based on the curative effect of the follow-up,including 6 cases (6/76,7.90％) of level Ⅰ,19 cases (19/76,25.00％) of level Ⅱ,23 cases (23/76,30.26％) of level l,and 28 cases (28/76,36.84％) of level Ⅳ.The total effective rate was 100％ (76/76).There was no serious complications,and the curative effect was stable during the follow-up.Conclusion TASE combined with oral Propranolol in infantile huge hemangiomas is effective with less invasiveness and fewer complications.
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Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of transcatheter arterial sclerosing embolization (TASE) combined with oral Propranolol in infantile huge hemangiomas.Methods A total of 76 infants with huge hemangioma were treated by TASE.All patients received oral Propranolol based on their weight.The follow-up and efficacy evaluation were performed from the last treatment.And the complications were analyzed.Results Seventy-six cases underwent 95 case-times of TASE totally.The success rate of puncture technique was 100％ (95/95).All patients were divided into 5 levels (0-Ⅳ levels) based on the curative effect of the follow-up,including 6 cases (6/76,7.90％) of level Ⅰ,19 cases (19/76,25.00％) of level Ⅱ,23 cases (23/76,30.26％) of level l,and 28 cases (28/76,36.84％) of level Ⅳ.The total effective rate was 100％ (76/76).There was no serious complications,and the curative effect was stable during the follow-up.Conclusion TASE combined with oral Propranolol in infantile huge hemangiomas is effective with less invasiveness and fewer complications.