Effect of cromolyn sodium combined with diclofenac sodium eye drops on allergic conjunctivitis / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the application of cromolyn sodium combined with diclofenac sodium eye drops in allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and its effect on tear film function, interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and immunoglobulin E(IgE).Methods:From April 2018 to May 2020, 78 patients with AC collected in Liaoning Armed Police Crops Hospital were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number table method (39 cases in each group). The control group was given cromolyn sodium eye drops, and the observation group was given cromolyn sodium combined with diclofenac sodium eye drops. The efficacy, clinical symptoms, changes of signs, tear film function [tear film rupture time (BUT), Schirmer I test (SIt)], tear inflammation indicators [interleukin-4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10, IL-17], tear allergy mediators [eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), hyaluronic acid (HA), IgE] and safety.Results:The total effective rate of observation group was 100.00%, which was higher than that of control group (84.62%), with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). After treatment, the scores of eye itching, tearing, photophobia, eye secretion, conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctival edema and blepharoconjunctival papillary follicular hyperplasia in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment, and the observation group was lower than the control group, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). The BUT in the observation group was higher than that in the control group after treatment, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). After treatment, the tear levels of IL-4, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-17 in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). After treatment, the tear ECP, HA and IgE level in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant difference (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Cromolyn sodium combined with diclofenac sodium eye drops is effective in the treatment of AC, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and signs, promote stable tear film function, alleviate local metamorphosis and inflammation, and has good safety.

Tacrolimus eye drops as monotherapy for vernal keratoconjunctivitis: a randomized controlled trial / Colírio de Tacrolimus 0, 03% como único agente antialérgico para o tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril: ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the efficacy of monotherapy using tacrolimus eye drops versus sodium cromoglycate for the treatment of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). Methods: Randomized double-masked controlled trial comparing the efficacy of tacrolimus 0.03% eye drops t.i.d. (Group 1) with sodium cromoglycate 4% eye drops t.i.d. (Group 2) for the symptomatic control of VKC at days 0, 15, 30, 45, and 90 of follow-up. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and other complications were evaluated to assess safety and side effects. Results: In total, 16 patients were included, with 8 enrolled in each group. Two patients from Group 2 were excluded from the analysis at days 45 and 90 because of corticosteroid use. Most patients were male (81.8%) and presented with limbal VKC (56.3%). There were statistically significant differences in favor of tacrolimus in the following severity scores: itching at day 90 (p=0.001); foreign body sensation at day 15 (p=0.042); photophobia at day 30 (p=0.041); keratitis at day 30 (p=0.048); and limbal activity at days 15 (p=0.011), 30 (p=0.007), and 45 (p=0.015). No relevant adverse effects were reported, except for a burning sensation with tacrolimus, though this did not compromise treatment compliance. Conclusion: Treatment with tacrolimus was superior to sodium cromoglycate when comparing severity scores for symptoms of itching, foreign body sensation, and photophobia, as well as for signs of limbal inflammatory activity and keratitis.

RESUMO Objetivo: Demonstrar a eficácia do colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% como único agente antialérgico versus o colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% no tratamento de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril (CCP). Métodos: Ensaio clínico randomizado duplo-mascarado comparando a eficácia do colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% 3 vezes ao dia, versus o colírio de cromoglicato 4% 3 vezes ao dia, no controle dos sintomas e sinais de pacientes com o diagnóstico de ceratoconjuntivite primaveril, durante o período de 3 meses, com avaliações nos dias 0, 15, 30, 45 e 90. Acuidade visual, pressão intraocular e outras possíveis complicações foram avaliadas para determinar segurança e efeitos adversos. Resultados: Dezesseis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, sendo que oito fizeram uso de colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% (Grupo 1) e oito fizeram uso de colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% (Grupo 2). Dois pacientes do Grupo 2 foram excluídos da análise dos dias 45 e 90, devido à necessidade de utilização de corticosteroide tópico. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (81,8%) e 56,3% apresentavam a doença em sua forma limbar. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os Grupos 1 e 2 em relação à graduação de severidade para os sintomas de prurido no dia 90 (p=0,001), sensação de corpo estranho no dia 15 (p=0,042), fotofobia no dia 30 (p=0,041) e para os sinais de atividade inflamatória limbar nos dias 15 (p=0,011), 30 (p=0,007) e 45 (p=0,015), e ceratite no dia 30 (p=0,048). Nenhum efeito adverso relevante foi notado, exceto queixa de queimação ocular quando da instilação de tacrolimus, o que não comprometeu à adesão ao tratamento. Conclusão: O colírio de tacrolimus 0,03% foi superior ao colírio de cromoglicato de sódio 4% comparando a graduação de severidade para os sintomas de prurido, sensação de corpo estranho e fotofobia, assim como para os sinais de atividade inflamatória limbar e ceratite, em determinados períodos de tempo durante o seguimento.

Role of mast cells in experimental autoimmune prostatitis in rats / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the role of mast cells in chronic prostatitis / chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS).@*METHODS@#Forty-five male SD rats were equally randomized into a control, an experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) model, and an intervention group. The EAP model was made in the latter two groups by subcutaneous injection of mixed suspension of complete Freund's adjuvant and prostate tissue, while the controls were treated subcutaneously with 0.9% sodium chloride. Tactile allodynia was quantified in the pelvic region of the control and EAP animals using Von-Frey filaments at 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. After successful establishment of the EAP model, the rats of the intervention group were injected intraperitonieally with cromolyn sodium for 10 days, and meanwhile tactile allodynia was detected in the rats of the intervention and EAP model groups every other day. Then the prostates of the rats were harvested for HE and toluidine blue staining and measurement of the expression of mast cell tryptase by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#Von-Frey assessment showed a more severe pelvic pain in the EAP model than in the control rats, but milder in the intervention group than in the EAP models. HE staining revealed infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils in the prostate and congestion surrounding the gland in the EAP model rats, but none in the controls. However, both the infiltration and congestion were significantly alleviated in the intervention group. Toluidine blue staining shown that. Compared with the control group, the total count of mast cells and the number degranulated mast cells were markedly increased in the EAP models (P <0.01) but decreased in the intervention group (P <0.05). Both immunohistochemistry and Western blot manifested that the expression of tryptase in the mast cells was remarkably upregulated in the EAP (both P <0.01) but down-regulated in the intervention group (P <0.05 and P <0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both the total count of mast cells and the number of degranulated mast cells are significantly increased in the prostate of EAP rats. Mast cells are one of the most important mediators of type Ⅲ prostatitis-induced chronic pelvic pain, which can be used as a target for the intervention and treatment of type Ⅲ prostatitis.

Effects of cromolyn sodium on forebrain ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of cromolyn sodium(CS)on forebrain ischemiareperfusion injury in gerbils.Methods Twenty-four male gerbils weishing 55-70 g were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=8 each):group Ⅰ sham operation;groupⅡ I/R and group Ⅲ CS 50 mg/kg+I/R.Forebrain ischemia was produced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries for 10 min and confirmed by isoelectricity of EEG. CS was injected via lingual vein at 0 and 1 h of reperfusion.All the animals were killed at 2 h of reperfusion for determination of cerebral cortex injury score,cerebral water content[(wet weight-dry weight)/wet weight×100%],cerebral MDA content,SOD activity and histamine content.Results The cerebral cortex injury 8core,cerebral water content, MDA content and histamine content were significantly increased while SOD activity was signiiieantly decreased in I/R group(Ⅱ)aa compared with sham operation group(Ⅰ)(P＜0.05 or 0.01).CS significantly attenuated the I/R-induced changes(P＜0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion CS can attenuate the forebrain ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing histamine and oxidative response.

Uso del cromoglicato de sodio en un área de salud / Behavior of cromolyn sodium in a health area

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 100 pacientes asmáticos del área de salud Esmeralda, con el objetivo de conocer el comportamiento del consumo del INTALR. La asignación de los pacientes se realizó de forma aleatoria; se aplicó encuesta por los métodos de recolección directa, e indirecta mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas. El mayor por ciento de los pacientes tenía edades menores de 35 años. El fármaco se prescribió con más frecuencia en el asma bronquial severa. Se demostró que el costo promedio anual por paciente fue significativamente menor entre los pacientes que usaban el INTALR.

A descriptive study of 100 asthmatic patients from Esmeralda health area was carried out with the aim of knowing th behavior of INTAL use. Patients were ramdonly assigned Surveys were applied by direct and indirect recollection methods througd the review of clinical registers. The higher percentage of patients was younger than 35 years. The drug was prescribed with greater frequency in the severe bronchial asthma. It was shown that the annual average cost per patient was significantly lower among patients who used INTAL.