Internal auditing risk analysis for medical laboratories seeking accreditation through the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS)

Objectives@#The primary aim of this study was to determine quantitatively the extent of coverage of the Hong Kong Laboratory Accreditation Scheme (HOKLAS 015) requirements by guidance checklists (HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021). @*Methods@#The level of conformance requirement coverage of HOKLAS 015 by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021 was calculated by an evaluation checklist based on conformance requirements in HOKLAS 015. A distribution analysis of conformance requirements relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model was also performed to elicit further coverage information. @*Results@#HOKLAS 016‑02 was found to provide coverage of 76% while HOKLAS 021 was found to provide coverage of 11%. HOKLAS 015 was also found to have a distribution coverage of 78% relating to the International Standard ISO 15189:2012 process‑based quality management system model.@*Conclusion@#The results of this analysis should be of value to medical laboratories wishing to maintain the internal auditability required by HOKLAS 015 by gaining an awareness of the extent of coverage provided by HOKLAS 016‑02 and HOKLAS 021.

Enfoque estratégico para la acreditación de la especialidad de Higiene y Epidemiología en Villa Clara / Strategic approach for the accreditation of the Hygiene and Epidemiology specialty in Villa Clara

La epidemiología es una ciencia básica de la Salud Pública porque sus fundamentos científicos permiten la toma de decisiones en los problemas de salud. Para controlar la calidad de la formación de los profesionales y perfeccionarla, se aplica el sistema de acreditación de escenarios docentes, proceso de gran importancia que garantiza la calidad del pregrado y el posgrado. En la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara se realizó dicho proceso en la especialidad de Higiene y Epidemiología, fue utilizada la autoevaluación estratégica del escenario laboral como actividad previa. El interés de los autores es exponer el método seguido para cumplir con los requerimientos establecidos. Con la aplicación de esta matriz estratégica para lograr el estado deseado en el proceso docente de la especialidad de Higiene y Epidemiología en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara se logró una evaluación de excelente.

Epidemiology is a basic science of Public Health because its scientific foundations make possible decision-making regarding health problems. To control the training quality for professionals and improve it, the accreditation system for teaching scenarios is applied, a very important process that guarantees the quality of undergraduate and postgraduate training. At the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, in the specialty of Hygiene and Epidemiology, this process was carried out; the strategic self-assessment of the work scenario as a prior activity, was used. To expose the method followed to comply with the established requirements, is the aim of the authors. By using this strategic matrix to achieve the desired state in the teaching process of the specialty of Hygiene and Epidemiology at the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara, an excellent evaluation was achieved.

Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad en Salud: aplicación al laboratorio clínico / Mandatory Quality Assurance System in Health: application to the clinical laboratory

En 1993, el Estado estableció el Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud, en el que se introdujeron los diferentes mecanismos legales para promover la calidad en las instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud en el país. A partir de allí, se implantaron diferentes decretos. En la actualidad, el Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad en Salud (SOGCS) se encuentra reglamentado en el Decreto 780 de 2016, Decreto Único Reglamentario del Sector Salud. El SOGCS está integrado por cuatro componentes principales: el Sistema Único de Habilitación (SUH), la Auditoría para el Mejoramiento de la Calidad, el Sistema Único de Acreditación (SUA) y el Sistema de Información para la Calidad en Salud, para dirigir y evaluar el desempeño de estas instituciones en términos de calidad y satisfacción social; además, se adoptó el Manual de Inscripción de Prestadores y Habilitación de Servicios de Salud, el cual contiene las condiciones mínimas que deben cumplir los servicios de salud ofertados y prestados en el país, para brindar seguridad a los usuarios en el proceso de la atención en salud. Dicho manual tiene por objeto definir las condiciones de verificación para la habilitación, como la capacidad técnico-administrativa, suficiencia patrimonial y financiera, y la capacidad tecnológica y científica. En este artículo se revisarán algunos conceptos generales del Sistema Obligatorio de Garantía de Calidad en Salud, así como los estándares y criterios de habilitación para laboratorios clínicos

In 1993, the State established the General System of Social Security in Health, in which different legal mechanisms were introduced to promote quality in the institutions providing health services in the country. From then on, different decrees were implemented. Currently, the Mandatory Health Quality Assurance System (SOGCS) is regulated by Decree 780 of 2016, the Sole Regulatory Decree of the Health Sector. SOGCS is made up of four main components: the Single Qualification System (SUH), the Audit for Quality Improvement, the Single Accreditation System (SUA) and the Health Quality Information System, to direct and evaluate the performance of these institutions in terms of quality and social satisfaction; in addition, the Health Services Provider Registration and Qualification Manual was adopted, which contains the minimum conditions that health services in the country must meet to provide security to users in the health care process. The purpose of this manual is to define the verification conditions for accreditation, such as technical-administrative capacity, patrimonial and financial sufficiency, and technological and scientific capacity. This article will review some general concepts of the Mandatory System of Quality Assurance in Health, as well as the standards and qualification criteria for clinical laboratories

Survey on the Construction Status of Forensic Virtual Autopsy Laboratory and the Applicability of Laboratory Accreditation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To survey the development status and actual needs of virtual autopsy technology in China and to clarify the applicability of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory accreditation.@*METHODS@#The questionnaire was set up included three aspects：(1) the current status of virtual autopsy technology development; (2) the accreditation elements such as personnel, equipment, entrustment and acceptance, methods, environmental facilities; (3) the needs and suggestions of practicing institutions. A total of 130 forensic pathology institutions were surveyed by online participation through the Questionnaire Star platform.@*RESULTS@#Among the 130 institutions, 43.08% were familiar with the characteristics of virtual autopsy technology, 35.38% conducted or received training in virtual autopsy, and 70.77% have establishment needs (including maintenance). Relevant elements were suitable for laboratory accreditation.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Virtual autopsy identification has gained social recognition. There is a demand for accreditation of forensic virtual autopsy laboratory. After the preliminary assessment, considering the characteristics and current situation of this technology, China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS) can first carry out the accreditation pilot of virtual autopsy project at large comprehensive forensic institutions with higher identification capability, and then CNAS can popularize the accreditation in a wide range when the conditions are suitable.

Diferentes caminos para formarse y certificar como Especialista en Cirugía Plástica, Estética y Reparadora / Different paths to train and certify as a Specialist in Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery

La presente publicación responde a la necesidad de encuadrar la situación actual de los profesionales de Cirugía Plástica, Estética y Reparadora. Encuadre que se presentará a partir de las diferentes instituciones y actores intervinientes y de los marcos normativos que, en la actualidad, subyacen al reconocimiento de la especialidad y de los profesionales que la ejercen.

This publication responds to the need to frame the current situation of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery professionals. This frame that will be presented from the different institutions and actors involved and the regulatory frameworks that, currently, underlie the recognition of the specialty and the professionals who practice it.

Implantação das linhas de cuidado para a organização do serviço: contribuições da norma regulamentadora 440 / Implantación de líneas de cuidado para la organización del servicio: aportes de la norma reglamentaria 440 / Implementation of the lines of care for the organization of the service: contributions of the regulatory standard 440

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência da implantação de Linhas de Cuidado com base na Resolução Normativa (RN) 440, em um serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) Suplementar. Método: estudo qualitativo, de caráter descritivo, que consiste em um relato de experiência sobre o processo de implantação das Linhas de Cuidado com base na RN 440, de janeiro a abril de 2020. O processo de estruturação foi realizado por duas enfermeiras, durante quatro meses, para a organização dos fluxos, protocolos e processo de trabalho da equipe, norteado pelo Manual de Certificação de Boas Práticas em APS de Operadoras de Planos Privados de Assistência à Saúde. Discussão: a adesão à certificação deu direcionamento para a reestruturação da APS com base legal e científica em todos os âmbitos do serviço. Levando em consideração a população alvo do serviço e o perfil epidemiológico, foram estabelecidas quatro Linhas de Cuidado: Saúde da Mulher; Saúde Mental; Hipertensos e Diabéticos. Considerações finais: um desafio nesse processo é a inserção da cultura de autocuidado e do entendimento do usuário frente a esse modelo de atenção. Sugere-se a realização de pesquisas sobre a Certificação em Boas Práticas da APS Suplementar, devido à escassez de estudos sobre a temática.

RESUMEN Objetivo: relatar la experiencia de la implantación de Líneas de Cuidado con base en la Resolución Normativa (RN) 440, en un servicio de Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) Complementaria. Método: estudio cualitativo, de carácter descriptivo, que consiste en un relato de experiencia sobre el proceso de implantación de las Líneas de Cuidado con base en la RN 440, de enero a abril de 2020. El proceso de estructuración fue realizado por dos enfermeras, durante cuatro meses, para la organización de los flujos, protocolos y proceso de trabajo del equipo, guiado por el Manual de Certificación de Buenas Prácticas en APS de Operadores de Planes Privados de Asistencia a la Salud. Discusión: la adhesión a la certificación puso em marcha la reestructuración de la APS con base legal y científica en todos los ámbitos del servicio. Teniendo en cuenta la población objetivo del servicio y el perfil epidemiológico, se establecieron cuatro Líneas de Cuidado: Salud de la Mujer; Salud Mental; Hipertensos y Diabéticos. Consideraciones finales: un desafío en este proceso es la inserción de la cultura de autocuidado y del entendimiento del usuario frente a este modelo de atención. Se sugiere la realización de investigaciones sobre la Certificación en Buenas Prácticas de la APS Complementaria, debido a la escasez de estudios sobre la temática.

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of the implementation of Lines of Care based on Normative Resolution (NR) 440, in a Supplementary Primary Health Care (PHC) service. Method: qualitative, descriptive study, which consists of an experience report on the process of implementation of the Lines of Care based on RN 440, from January to April 2020. The structuring process was carried out by two nurses, during four months, for the organization of the team's flows, protocols and work process, based on the Manual of Certification of Good Practices in PHC of Private Health Care Plan Operators. Discussion: the certification's access gave direction for the restructuring of PHC on a legal and scientific basis in all areas of the service. Taking into account the target population of the service and the epidemiological profile, four Lines of Care were established: Women's Health; Mental Health; Hypertensive and Diabetic. Final considerations: a challenge in this process is the insertion of the culture of self-care and the user's understanding of this model of care. It is suggested to conduct research on the Certification in Good Practices of Supplementary PHC, due to the scarcity of studies on the subject.

Panorama da acreditação (inter)nacional no Brasil / Panorama de la acreditación (inter) nacional en Brasil / Overview of (inter)national accreditation in Brazil

RESUMO Objetivo delinear o panorama da Acreditação nacional e internacional no Brasil. Método estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa e fonte documental. Os campos de inquérito foram as páginas online de acesso irrestrito das seguintes metodologias acreditadoras: Organização Nacional de Acreditação (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI) e QMentum Internacional, além da página do Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimentos de Saúde (CNES) e/ou sites institucionais. Foram extraídas as variáveis: tipo de instituição/estabelecimento de saúde; regime de gestão setorial; localidade; nível de certificação (em caso de selo concedido pela ONA) e porte (para hospitais). Empregou-se análise estatística descritiva. Resultados apuraram-se os dados de 1.122 certificações, especialmente da ONA (77,2%) e QMentum International (13,2%). Os hospitais prevaleceram na adesão à Acreditação (35,3%), principalmente os de grande porte (60,3%) e do setor privado (75,8%). Houve concentração dos selos de qualidade na região Sudeste do Brasil (64,5%), e a região Norte apresentou menor proporção de estabelecimentos certificados (3%). Conclusões e implicações para a prática as certificações de Acreditação no Brasil remetem à metodologia nacional, com enfoque na área hospitalar privada e na região Sudeste do país. O mapeamento delineado pode sustentar assertividade em políticas de incentivo à gestão da qualidade e avaliação externa no Brasil.

RESUMEN Objetivo delinear el panorama de la Acreditación nacional e internacional en Brasil. Método estudio descriptivo, con enfoque cuantitativo y fuente documental. Los campos de consulta fueron las páginas en línea de libre acceso de las siguientes metodologías de acreditación: Organización Nacional de Acreditación (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI) y QMentum Internacional, además del Registro Nacional de Establecimientos Salud (CNES) y/o sitios web institucionales. Se extrajeron las variables: tipo de institución/establecimiento de salud; régimen de gestión sectorial; localidad; nivel de certificación (en caso de sello otorgado por la ONA) y tamaño (para hospitales). Se utilizó análisis estadístico descriptivo. Resultados se recogieron datos de 1.122 certificaciones, especialmente de ONA (77,2%) y QMentum International (13,2%). Los hospitales prevalecieron en la adhesión a la Acreditación (35,3%), en especial los hospitales grandes (60,3%) y el sector privado (75,8%). Hubo concentración de sellos de calidad en la región Sudeste de Brasil (64,5%), y la región Norte tuvo la menor proporción de establecimientos certificados (3%). Conclusiones e implicaciones para la práctica las certificaciones de acreditación en Brasil se refieren a la metodología nacional, con foco en el área hospitalaria privada y la región Sudeste del país. El mapeo esbozado puede apoyar la asertividad en las políticas de fomento de la gestión de la calidad y la evaluación externa en Brasil.

ABSTRACT Objective to outline the panorama of national and international Accreditation in Brazil. Method a descriptive study, of quantitative approach and documental source. The survey fields were the unrestricted access online pages of the following accrediting methodologies: National Accreditation Organization (ONA), Joint Commission International (JCI), Accreditation Canada International (ACI), and QMentum International, besides the page of the National Registry of Health Establishments (CNES) and/or institutional sites. Variables were extracted: type of institution/health care facility; sector management regime; location; level of certification (in case of a seal granted by ONA), and size (for hospitals). Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results data from 1,122 certifications was obtained, especially from ONA (77.2%) and QMentum International (13.2%). Hospitals prevailed in the Accreditation adherence (35.3%), mainly the large ones (60.3%) and from the private sector (75.8%). There was a concentration of quality seals in the Southeast region of Brazil (64.5%), and the North region presented the lowest proportion of certified establishments (3%). Conclusions and implications for practice the Accreditation certifications in Brazil refer to the national methodology, focusing on the private hospital area and the Southeast region of the country. The mapping outlined can support assertiveness in incentive policies for quality management and external evaluation in Brazil.

Marco ético y jurídico en la investigación científica en chile: acreditación de comités ético científicos / Ethical and legal framework in scientific research from Chile: functioning of accredited scientific ethics committees

RESUMEN: La investigación científica en seres humanos es fundamental para el desarrollo y avance en la ciencia de la salud y para el bienestar de la sociedad. La necesidad de contar con principios éticos explícitos y un marco regulatorio, permitió en el año 2001 la aprobación de la Norma sobre Regulación de Ensayos Clínicos en Seres Humanos. La ley 20.120 (2006), norma la investigación científica en el ser humano, describe aspectos centrales para el desarrollo de la investigación, dando sustento legal a la creación de los Comités Éticos Científicos (CEC), entidades colegiadas que tienen por objeto velar por la protección de la vulneración de derechos y libertades de los participantes, pudiendo aprobar o rechazar los protocolos de los proyectos. En Chile al año 2021 se registran 62 CEC acreditados. La región Metropolitana concentra el 58,2 %, la zona Norte un 11,2 % y en el sur del país un 30,6 %, de ellos solo el 12,9 % están acreditados para evaluar ensayos clínicos aleatorizados (ECA). Los criterios éticos internacionales más utilizados son la Declaración de Helsinki, pautas éticas sobre la salud, bienestar y los derechos de los pacientes; El Consejo Internacional de Ciencias Médicas (CIOMS) que protege en entornos vulnerables de escasos recursos; y el Informe Belmont en la protección de los sujetos de investigación. Se concluye que las guías éticas nacionales e internacionales son pautas que guardan relación con la adecuada protección jurídica de los participantes, velando por el respeto a la autonomía, la justicia y la selección justa de los participantes, a través del consentimiento informado voluntario. El desarrollo de una cultura de conducta ética en la investigación se debe basar en tres dimensiones generales; el ambiente humano, ambiente político y mecanismos de la sociedad civil.

SUMMARY: Scientific research in human beings is essential for the development and advancement of health science and for the well-being of society. The need to have explicit ethical principles and a regulatory framework allowed in 2001 the approval of the Standard on the Regulation of Clinical Trials in Human Beings. Law 20,120 (2006), regulates scientific research in human beings and describes central aspects for the development of research, giving legal support to the creation of Scientific Ethics Committees (SEC), collegiate entities whose purpose is to ensure the protection of the vulnerability of rights and freedoms of the participants, being able to approve or reject the protocols of the projects. In Chile by 2021, 62 accredited CECs are registered. The Metropolitan region concentrates 58.2 %, the North zone 11.2 % and in the south of the country 30.6 %, of which only 12.9 % are accredited to evaluate randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The most widely used international ethical criteria are the Helsinki Declaration, ethical guidelines on health, well-being and the rights of patients; The International Council of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) that protects in vulnerability low-resource settings; and the Belmont Report on the protection of research subjects. It is concluded that the national and international ethical guidelines are appropriate legal ethical guidelines and risk-benefit ratio that protect the participants, ensuring respect for the autonomy, justice and fair selection of the participants, through voluntary informed consent. The development of a culture of ethical conduct in research must be based on three general dimensions; the human environment, political environment and mechanisms of civil society.

Views of frontline service providers on the accreditation of occupational health services in South Africa

Background: In South Africa, occupational health services are delivered in a fragmented and complex environment. There is, however, a global emphasis on high-quality, universal occupational health coverage. Objective: To describe occupational health practitioners' perceptions of the accreditation of occupational health services. Methods: We used a mixed methods approach, which combined a self-administered web-based survey of 475 occupational health nurses and 11 semi-structured focus group discussions, which included a broad selection of occupational health stakeholders. Results: The majority of respondents supported the statutory accreditation of healthcare services for workers, provided that a phased approach is used. Challenges that need to be addressed for a successful and sustainable accreditation system include the current lack of national standards for occupational health, human resource shortages, potentially high costs of accreditation, and the suboptimal and fragmented governance of occupational health services. Conclusion: The majority of respondents were of the opinion that statutory accreditation of occupational health services will improve the quality-of-service delivery. However, prerequisites for successful and sustainable implementation of accreditation include improved collaboration between Government departments, coalition building with all stakeholders, the development of specific standards against which a service can be assessed, and education and training of occupational health practitioners to meet the established standards

Continuing professional development system for health-care professions, Egypt

While the regulatory framework for medical education in Egypt has rapidly evolved, the progress of developing a system for continuing professional development has been slow. In 2018 the government approved legislation establishing a regulatory authority for continuing professional development and added expectations for continuing professional development as a condition of relicensure for physicians in Egypt. The new authority has deployed a provider-accreditation model that sets criteria for educational quality, learning outcomes, independence from industry, and tracking of learners. Only accredited providers can submit continuing professional development accredited activities. Despite regulatory and administrative support there have been several barriers to the implementation of the system including limited availability of funding, lack of suitable training venues and equipment for hands-on training, and resistance from the profession. As of March 2022, 112 continuing professional development providers have achieved accreditation, and deployed 154 accredited continuing professional development activities. The majority of accredited providers were medical associations (64%) and higher education institutions (18%), followed by medical foundations and nongovernmental organizations (13%) and health-care facilities (5%). One electronic learning platform has been accredited. Any entity with commercial interests cannot be accredited as a continuing professional development provider. Funding of continuing professional development activities can be derived from provider budgets, programme registration fees or appropriate sponsors. Funding from industry is limited to unrestricted educational grants. The foundations for an effective continuing professional development system have been established in Egypt with the aim of achieving international recognition.

Implementing an intensified mentorship approach towards accelerated medical laboratory accreditation in 10 counties in Kenya

Background: Despite Kenya's roll-out of the Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation programme in 2010, most laboratories had not made significant or tangible improvements towards accreditation by 2016. In April 2016, the University of Maryland, Baltimore enrolled 27 facilities in the standard Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation programme. Objective: This study aimed to describe and evaluate the implementation of an intensified mentorship strategy on laboratory accreditation. Methods: In October 2017, the University of Maryland, Baltimore implemented intensive mentorship in 27 hospital laboratories in Nairobi, Kiambu, Meru, Embu, Muranga, Nyeri, Laikipia, Nyandarua, Tharaka-Nithi, and Kirinyaga counties in Kenya. Laboratories were paired with competent mentors whose skills were matched to facility gaps. Baseline and follow-up assessments were done between April 2016 and March 2019 using the World Health Organization's Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation Checklist and overall scores of the 12 Quality System Essentials and star ratings (from zero to five, based on scores) used to evaluate the effectiveness of the intensified mentorship.Results: In September 2017, 14 laboratories scored zero stars, three scored one star, eight scored two stars, one scored three stars, and one laboratory was accredited. By March 2019, eight laboratories were accredited, five scored four stars, 10 scored three stars, three scored two stars, and only one scored one star. The average score change with the intensified approach was 81.5 versus 53.9 for the standard approach.Conclusion: The intensified mentorship strategy resulted in fast-tracked progress towards laboratory accreditation and can be adopted in similar resource-limited settings

Autoevaluación de la especialidad Ortopedia y Traumatología para su acreditación en un hospital universitario villaclareño / Self-assessment of the Orthopedics and Traumatology specialty for its accreditation in a university hospital in Villa Clara

RESUMEN La calidad es el resultado de una serie de factores internos y del entorno, vinculados a una buena gestión y práctica universitarias, atañe tanto a los procesos que gestiona como a los resultados que obtienen los participantes, por lo que es siempre deseable, relativa y multidimensional. El objetivo del presente artículo es expresar la valoración del proceso de autoevaluación en la especialidad Ortopedia y Traumatología que se desarrolla en el servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del hospital docente "Mártires del 9 de Abril", en estrecha relación con el modelo de acreditación vigente. La acreditación de la especialidad de Ortopedia y Traumatología permitirá continuar avanzando hacia la excelencia académica, tan anhelada por todos, elevar la calidad de vida del pueblo y de forma pertinente, consolidarse como institución académica, científica y humanista.

ABSTRACT Quality is the result of a series of internal and environmental factors, linked to good university management and practice; it concerns both the processes it manages and the results obtained by the participants, that´s why it is always desirable, relative and multidimensional. The objective of this article is to express the assessment of the self-assessment process in the Orthopedics and Traumatology specialty that takes place in the Orthopedics and Traumatology service of the "Mártires del 9 de Abril" University Hospital, in close relationship with the current accreditation model. The accreditation of the specialty of Orthopedics and Traumatology will allow continuing to advance towards academic excellence, so desired by all, to raise the quality of life of the people and in a pertinent way, to consolidate itself as an academic, scientific and humanistic institution.

Gestión de calidad en programas de maestría / Quality Management on Master's Programs

Introducción: La acreditación en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana se inició en 2002. Desde entonces se han efectuado un total de 41 procesos de evaluación externa en 25 programas de maestría. Objetivo: Describir la gestión de calidad para programas de maestría en la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva transversal en el primer trimestre de 2021, para lo cual se emplearon métodos y procedimientos cuali-cuantitativos. Resultados: De los programas autorizados, 7 perdieron su condición de acreditación por diferentes causas; 18, de los cuales 10 eran de excelencia, 6 certificados y 2 calificados, tuvieron una categoría superior a la autorizada; 4 estaban concebidos para realizar procesos de evaluación externa a distancia en 2021 y se previó que otros 13 lo hicieran en 2022. La situación actual de la pandemia de la COVID-19 propició que los programas de maestrías asumieran diversas modalidades para dar continuidad a su ejecución, al considerar las orientaciones de la Junta de Acreditación Nacional. En los documentos revisados se destacó la ejecución de Proyecto de Investigación Aplicada. Conclusiones: La gestión de calidad para programas de maestrías avanza con los años. Poseen categoría de acreditación superior aquellos acreditables, con predominio de la categoría de excelencia. Están proyectados los procesos de evaluación externa para 2021 y 2022, y se ejecuta un Proyecto de Investigación Aplicada que consolida las acciones de esta estrategia(AU)

Introduction: Accreditation at the University of Medical Sciences of Havana began in 2002. Since then, a total of 41 external assessment processes have been carried out in 25 master's programs. Objective: To describe quality management for master's programs at the University of Medical Sciences of Havana. Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive research was carried out in the first quarter of 2021, for which qualitative-quantitative methods and procedures were used. Results: Of the authorized programs, seven lost their accreditation status for different reasons. Eighteen, of which ten were of excellence, six were certified and two were qualified, had a category higher than the authorized one. Four were conceived to carry out remote external assessment processes in 2021, while another thirteen were expected to do so in 2022. The current situation of the COVID-19 pandemic led to the master's programs taking on various modalities to give continuity to their execution, upon considering the orientations from the National Accreditation Board. The documents reviewed highlighted the implementation of the Applied Research Project. Conclusions: Quality management for master's programs advances over the years. Those creditable have a higher accreditation category, with a predominance of the excellence category. The external assessment processes are projected for 2021 and 2022, while an Applied Research Project is being executed and consolidates the actions of this strategy(AU)

Informes seguimiento a egresados de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción carrera de Medicina y Cirugía sede Asunción cohorte 2010 al 2017 / Follow-up reports to graduates of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of Asunción, Medicine and Surgery degree, Asunción cohort 2010 to 2017

Introducción: Considerando la Ley de la Nación Paraguaya 4995/2013 "De Educación Superior", en su artículo 82°, establece que "la Agencia Nacional de Evaluación y Acreditación de la Educación Superior (ANEAES) es el organismo técnico encargado de evaluar y acreditar la calidad académica de los Institutos de Educación Superior". Por Resolución N°08/07 del Consejo Directivo de la ANEAES de fecha 17 de diciembre de 2007 aprueba los criterios de calidad para la carrera de medicina, donde en la dimensión 5, componente "egresados" establece: La carrera debe velar por el cumplimiento de las metas establecidas en cuanto a duración real de la carrera, logro del perfil de egreso e inserción de sus egresados en el mercado laboral. A los efectos se deberá establecer y aplicar mecanismos de consulta a los egresados para determinar su grado de satisfacción y retroalimentar el proceso formativo y los planes de mejora. Objetivos: contribuir a obtener información de la situación laboral y formación académica que permitan evaluar la calidad de la educación superior brindada y proponer mecanismos que contribuyan a la mejora del desempeño profesional de los egresados. Materiales y métodos: Los datos fueron procesados utilizando estadística descriptiva para todas las variables. El Instrumento utilizado es un Cuestionario conformado por 63 preguntas divididas en 5 secciones. Se contactó con los egresados por llamadas telefónicas y mensajería instantánea. Resultados: Durante los años 2010-2017, egresaron 984 profesionales. Total, de Encuestados: 133 egresados, siendo 73 mujeres (55%) y 60 hombres (45%). El 25 % de los egresados que han respondido la encuesta consideran que la formación académica recibida es excelente, el 44% considera que es muy buena, el 23% que es buena, el 6% regular y el 2% considera que es mala. Conclusión: El nivel de inserción laboral es alto al momento del egreso. La Satisfacción con la formación académica recibida es muy buena, con recomendaciones viables para el plan de mejoras en el programa de estudio

Introduction: Considering the Law of the Paraguayan Nation 4995/2013 "On Higher Education", in its article 82°, establishes that "the National Agency for the Evaluation and Accreditation of Higher Education (ANEAES) is the technical body in charge of evaluating and accrediting the academic quality of the Institutes of Higher Education". By Resolution N ° 08/07 of the Board of Directors of the ANEAES dated December 17, 2007, it approves the quality criteria for the medical career, where in dimension 5, the "graduates" component, it establishes: The career must ensure compliance of the goals established in terms of real duration of the career, achievement of the graduation profile and insertion of its graduates in the labor market. For this purpose, consultation mechanisms must be established and applied to graduates to determine their degree of satisfaction and provide feedback on the training process and improvement plans. Objectives: The objective of this follow-up report was to obtain useful information on the employment situation and academic training that allow evaluating the quality and relevance of the higher education provided and proposing mechanisms that contribute to the improvement of the professional performance of graduates. Materials and methods: The data were processed using descriptive statistics for all variables. The Instrument used is a Questionnaire made up of 63 questions divided into 5 sections. Graduates were contacted by phone calls and instant messaging. Results: During the years 2010-2017, 984 professionals graduated. Total of Respondents: 133 graduates, being 73 women (55%) and 60 men (45%). 25% of the graduates who responded to the survey consider that the academic training received is excellent, 44% consider it very good, 23% that it is good, 6% fair and 2% consider that it is bad. Conclusion: The level of labor insertion is high at the time of graduation. Satisfaction with the academic training received is very good, with viable recommendations for the improvement plan in the study program

Importancia de la categorización profesoral en el proceso de acreditación universitaria / Importance of the professional categorization in the university accreditation process

RESUMEN El Programa de Acreditación Universitaria tiene como propósito fundamental la elevación continua de la calidad del proceso de formación en las diferentes carreras universitarias. El nivel de desarrollo de los centros de educación superior y su desempeño como institución está determinado por la preparación y el nivel que posea su claustro. La preparación de los docentes de las ciencias médicas para realizar cambio de categoría docente, es un aspecto importante para el correcto desarrollo del proceso de categorización y de acreditación de las universidades. En el ejercicio académico que deben realizar los profesores para el cambio de categoría se aprecian dificultades que denotan falta de preparación. La autora se pronuncia acerca de este tema y propone que se programen cursos de perfeccionamiento para estos profesores, los que deben ser impartidos por aquellos docentes de mayor experiencia y mejor preparación. Así se elevará la preparación profesoral y se garantizará mayor calidad en la acreditación institucional (AU).

ABSTRACT The main purpose of the University Accreditation Process is the continuous improvement of the quality of the training process in the different university courses. The level of development of the high education centers and their performance as institution are determined by the training and level their staff have. The training of the medical sciences teachers to change their teaching category is an important aspect for the correct development of the categorization and accreditation process of the universities. In the academic exercise to be carried out by the professors for the change of category there are difficulties that denote lack of training. The author makes a statement on this subject and proposes to schedule training courses for these professors, which should be provided by those teachers with more experience and better training. Professors' training will increase that way and greater quality in institutional accreditation will be ensured (AU).

Concepciones y prácticas de enseñanza en un grupo de docentes de educación superior: complejidades didácticas en la apropiación del modelo pedagógico institucional / Conceptions and teaching practices in a Higher Education Teacher's group: Didactic complexities in the appropriation of the institutional pedagogical model

Resumen El artículo tiene por objetivo presentar las reflexiones sobre las concepciones y prácticas pedagógicas implementadas por los docentes en el marco del modelo educativo pedagógico institucional y resaltar algunos retos asociados a la formación pedagógica de estos. Se propuso un enfoque interpretativo que analiza las narrativas didácticas de un grupo de 15 docentes de diferentes programas académicos de una universidad con acreditación multicampus en Colombia. Los resultados muestran que la formación docente constituye un aspecto determinante para el logro de los propósitos institucionales (bucle de autorregulación), así como una estrategia que favorece la emergencia de innovación en docencia (bucle recursivo). Concluye que la formación docente es definitiva para el desarrollo de procesos de diseño, mejoramiento e innovación didáctica en el marco del Modelo Pedagógico Institucional y propone una metodología de formación docente denominada laboratorios didácticos.

Abstract The article aims to present the reflections on the conceptions and practices of a higher education teacher "s group, as well as the challenges associated with their pedagogical training. An interpretive approach was proposed which analyzes the didactic narratives of a group of 15 teachers from different academic programs of a university with multicampus accreditation in Colombia. The results show that teacher training constitutes a self-regulatory loop for the achievement of institutional purposes, as well as a strategy that favors the autopoietic emergence of an innovative recursive loop in teaching. It was concluded that promoting teacher training is decisive for didactic planning, development, improvement, and innovation within the framework of the Institutional Pedagogical Model and a teacher training methodology called "didactic laboratories".

Evaluación y acreditación de la calidad del posgrado en las especialidades de Medicina Interna y Dermatología en Santiago de Cuba / Evaluation and accreditation of the postdegree quality in the specialties of Internal Medicine and Dermatology in Santiago de Cuba

Introducción: La gestión formativa y el perfeccionamiento de los programas académicos de posgrado son necesidades impostergables para la formación permanente de los profesionales en las universidades de ciencias médicas cubanas. Objetivo: Socializar las experiencias sistematizadas en los procesos de gestión de la calidad de los programas de posgrado en dos especialidades médicas. Métodos: Se efectuaron un diagnóstico y una evaluación externa de los programas académicos de posgrado de las especialidades en Dermatología y Medicina Interna de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Santiago de Cuba, en los meses de mayo y septiembre del 2019, respectivamente, donde se ponderó la observación de las diferentes actividades de cada programa a través del desarrollo de las seis variables establecidas para ello, lo cual contribuyó a revelar las principales fortalezas y debilidades de dichos programas de estudio. Resultados: El análisis integral de los programas evidenció, durante el proceso de evaluación externa, el cumplimiento de los estándares establecidos en el modelo de calidad, por lo que se decidió por unanimidad, en el Acuerdo de la Sesión 49 de la Junta de Acreditación Nacional de octubre de 2019, otorgarles la categoría superior de acreditación de Programa de Excelencia. Conclusiones: Pudo demostrarse que en la gestión formativa de ambas especialidades, como figuras académicas de posgrado, se han revelado con asertividad los impactos pertinentes para el Sistema Nacional de Salud Pública.

Introduction: The training management and the improvement of the academic postdegree programs are urgency necessities for the permanent training of the professionals in the Cuban universities of medical sciences. Objective: To socialize the systematized experiences in the processes of quality management of the postdegree programs in two medical specialties. Methods: A diagnosis and an external evaluation of the post degree academic programs in the specialties of Internal Medicine and Dermatology were carried out in the Medical Sciences University in Santiago de Cuba, in the months of May and September, 2019 respectively, where the observation of the different activities of each program was considered through the development of the six established variables for it, which contributed to reveal the main strengths and weaknesses of these study programs. Results: The integral analysis of the programs evidenced, during the process of external evaluation, the fulfillment of the established standards in the quality pattern, reason why it was unanimously decided, in the 49 Session Agreement of the National Accreditation Meeting from October, 2019, to grant them the accreditation higher category of Excellency Program. Conclusions: It could be demonstrated that in the training management of both specialties, as academic figures of postdegree, have been revealed with assertiveness the pertinent impacts for the National System of Public Health.

La educación en el estudiante de medicina. La transición de la universidad al hospital / Education in medical students. The transition from the university to the hospital

Resumen La acreditación en alta calidad otorgada a las instituciones universitarias para sus facultades de medicina no representa la calidad en educación durante el periodo de prácticas en las instituciones hospitalarias. Debido a la importancia de esta fase en el proceso académico del estudiante de medicina, es necesario considerar un cambio en el proceso educativo. Hay que explorar nuevos modelos pedagógicos fundamentados en el aprendizaje basado en problemas y con el uso de nuevas tecnologías para lograr una óptima formación médica.

Abstract The high-quality accreditation granted to universities for their medical schools does not represent the quality of education during practical rotations in the hospitals. Due to the importance of this phase in the medical students' academic process, a change in the educational process must be considered. New pedagogical models founded on problem-based learning and using new technologies to achieve optimal medical training must be explored.