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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 69(5): 1114-1124, set.-out. 2017. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-877287

الملخص

Seminal plasma contains serine proteases and serine protease inhibitor, which are involved in mammalian fertilization, and the inhibitors can be applied to prevent cold-induced sperm capacitation. The effects of different concentrations of two serine protease inhibitors were analyzed, Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 - PAI-1 (70ƞg, 140ƞg and 210 ƞg) and Antipain (10µg, 50µg and 100µg) as supplementation to bovine semen cryopreservation extender. The effects of the inhibitors on the sperm parameters (sperm kinetics - CASA, acrosome integrity, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, sperm defects and acrosome reaction rate) were evaluated in the post-thaw semen. Cryopreservation of sperm with Antipain decreased post-thaw kinetic parameters of MP, VSL, LIN, SRT and the percentage of hyper-activated sperm while PAI-1 (210 ƞg) decreased VSL and LIN. Antipain and PAI-1 had no effect on the integrity parameters of the plasma membrane, mitochondrial membrane potential and sperm defects. Sperm cryopreserved in the presence of Antipain and PAI-1 (70 and 140 ƞg) preserved acrosome integrity, as they were able to complete the in vitro acrosome reaction. In conclusion, the serine protease inhibitors, Antipain and PAI-1 (70 and 140ƞg) are able to preserve the acrosome integrity of cryopreserved bovine sperm.(AU)


A criopreservação é parcialmente prejudicial à fertilidade do sêmen de bovinos e induz mudanças semelhantes à capacitação em espermatozoides. O plasma seminal contém serina-proteases e inibidores de serina-proteases que estão envolvidos na fertilização de mamíferos, e os inibidores podem ser aplicados para evitar uma capacitação espermática induzida pelo frio. Analisaram-se os efeitos de diferentes concentrações de dois inibidores de serina-proteases, inibidor do ativador do plasminogênio 1 - PAI-1 (70ƞg, 140ƞg e 210ƞg) e antipaína (10µg, 50µg e 100µg) na suplementação ao diluidor de criopreservação de sêmen bovino. Trinta e seis ejaculados de quatro bovinos Curraleiro Pé-Duro foram usados para criopreservação. Os efeitos dos inibidores sobre os parâmetros dos espermatozoides (cinética espermática - CASA, integridade acrossomal, integridade da membrana plasmática, potencial de membrana mitocondrial, defeitos espermáticos e taxa de reação acrossomal) foram avaliados no sêmen pós-descongelamento. A criopreservação de espermatozoides com antipaína diminuiu os parâmetros cinéticos pós-descongelamento de MP, VSL, LIN, SRT e a porcentagem de espermatozoides hiperativados, PAI-1 (210ƞg) diminuiu VSL e LIN. Antipaína e PAI-1 não tiveram efeitos nos parâmetros de integridade da membrana plasmática, no potencial de membrana mitocondrial e nos defeitos espermáticos. Espermatozoides criopreservados na presença de antipaína e PAI-1 (70 e 140ƞg) preservaram a integridade acrossomal, assim como foram capazes de completar a reação acrossômica in vitro. Em conclusão, os inibidores de serina-proteases, antipaína e PAI-1 (70 e 140ƞg) são capazes de preservar a integridade acrossomal de espermatozoides criopreservados de bovinos.(AU)


الموضوعات
Animals , Male , Cattle , Acrosome , Antipain/antagonists & inhibitors , Cryopreservation/veterinary , Plasminogen Activators/antagonists & inhibitors , Serine Proteinase Inhibitors/analysis , Cryopreservation/methods , Semen Analysis/veterinary , Semen Preservation/veterinary
2.
Rev. latinoam. enferm ; Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online);22(6): 980-987, 16/12/2014. graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-732943

الملخص

OBJECTIVE: to interpret the meanings patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus assign to health education groups. METHOD: ethnographic study conducted with Hyperdia groups of a healthcare unit with 26 informants, with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and having participated in the groups for at least three years. Participant observation, social characterization, discussion groups and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Data were analyzed through the thematic coding technique. RESULTS: four thematic categories emerged: ease of access to the service and healthcare workers; guidance on diabetes; participation in groups and the experience of diabetes; and sharing knowledge and experiences. The most relevant aspect of this study is the social use the informants in relation to the Hyperdia groups under study. CONCLUSION: the studied groups are agents producing senses and meanings concerning the process of becoming ill and the means of social navigation within the official health system. We expect this study to contribute to the actions of healthcare workers coordinating these groups given the observation of the cultural universe of these individuals seeking professional care in the various public health care services. .


OBJETIVO: interpretar os significados atribuídos por pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 a grupos de educação em saúde. MÉTODO: estudo etnográfico em cinco grupos Hiperdia de um centro de saúde, com 26 informantes portadores de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que participavam dos grupos há, no mínimo, três anos. Para coligir as informações, utilizaram-se observação participante, caracterização social, grupos de discussão e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de codificação temática. RESULTADOS: emergiram quatro categorias temáticas - facilidades de acesso ao serviço e profissionais de saúde, orientações sobre o diabetes, participação nos grupos e experiência com o diabetes e compartilhamento de saberes e experiências. O aspecto mais relevante deste estudo diz respeito aos usos sociais que os informantes conferiam aos grupos Hiperdia pesquisados. CONCLUSÃO: os grupos estudados mostraram-se como instâncias produtoras de sentidos e de significados, concernentes ao processo de adoecimento e aos modos de navegação social no interior do sistema oficial de saúde. Almeja-se que este estudo possa contribuir para as ações dos profissionais de saúde que atuam nesses grupos, tendo em vista a observação do universo cultural dos indivíduos que procuram por cuidado profissional, nos diversos serviços públicos de saúde. .


OBJETIVO: interpretar los significados atribuidos por pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 a los grupos de educación para la salud. MÉTODO: estudio etnográfico en cinco grupos Hiperdia de un centro de salud, con 26 informantes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 que participaban de los grupos hace, por lo menos, tres años. Para recolectar las informaciones se utilizaron la observación participante, la caracterización social, los grupos de discusión y las entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de la técnica de codificación temática. RESULTADOS: surgieron cuatro categorías temáticas: facilidades de acceso al servicio y profesionales de la salud; orientaciones sobre la diabetes; participación en los grupos y experiencia con la diabetes; y, compartir conocimientos y experiencias. El aspecto más relevante de este estudio se refiere a los usos sociales que los informantes daban a los grupos Hiperdia investigados. CONCLUSIÓN: los grupos estudiados se mostraron capaces de producir sentidos y significados concernientes al proceso de enfermarse y a los modos de navegación social en el interior del sistema oficial de salud. El objetivo de este estudio es que pueda contribuir para las acciones de los profesionales de la salud que actúan en esos grupos, considerando la observación del universo cultural de los individuos que buscan cuidados profesionales en los diversos servicios públicos de salud. .


الموضوعات
Animals , Calcium/pharmacology , Muscles/drug effects , Antipain/pharmacology , Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Iodoacetic Acid , Iodoacetates/pharmacology , Leucine/analogs & derivatives , Leucine/pharmacology , Leupeptins/pharmacology , Microscopy, Electron , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Muscle Contraction/physiology , Muscles/physiopathology , Muscles/ultrastructure , Rana catesbeiana , Temperature
3.
Botucatu; s.n; 2012. 89 p. ilus, tab.
أطروحة جامعية ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-691817

الملخص

Entre os alvos mais promissores para o desenvolvimento de novos agentes antiparasitários, destacam-se as proteases que nos protozoários participam de processos metabólicos e fisiológicos, atuando como importantes fatores de virulência. Como a atividade dessas moléculas pode ser controlada por inibidores específicos, essas substâncias têm sido avaliadas quanto ao potencial terapêutico em diferentes infecções parasitárias, inclusive por Giardia. O presente estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito in vitro dos inibidores de cisteína (IAA e E-64) e serina-proteases (antipaina, leupeptina e TLCK) sobre o crescimento, aderência, viabilidade e ultraestrutura de trofozoítos de cepa de Giardia isolada e axenizada em Botucatu. Para isso, trofozoítos foram incubados em meio contendo os inibidores a diferentes concentrações durante 24, 48 e 72 horas. Nos ensaios de crescimento e aderência, o número de trofozoítos foi estimado a partir de contagens em hemocitômetro, enquanto que a viabilidade celular e as alterações ultraestruturais foram avaliadas, respectivamente, pelo método de redução do MTT e por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão. De acordo com as observações feitas no presente estudo, todos os inibidores de proteases apresentaram efeito sobre o crescimento, aderência e viabilidade dos trofozoítos. Entretanto, melhor desempenho quanto à capacidade de reduzir os parâmetros avaliados foi demonstrado nos ensaios com os inibidores de cisteína-proteases, especialmente a IAA. As maiores porcentagens de inibição do crescimento e aderência e as menores taxas de viabilidade foram observadas após o tratamento com IAA...


The quest for new antiparasitic alternatives has led researchers to base their studies on insights into biology, host-parasite interactions and pathogenesis. In light of this, the proteolytic enzymes or proteases have excited the researcher’s interest, once they have been identified as important virulence factors as well as potential chemotherapeutic targets in parasites. Considering that proteases are naturally regulated by specific inhibitors, these substances have been evaluated for their therapeutic potential in parasitic infections including Giardia. In this way, we proposed to evaluate the in vitro effect of inhibitors of cysteine (IAA and E-64) and serine proteases (antipain, leupeptin and TLCK) on growth, adherence, viability and ultrastructure of Giardia trophozoites of a strain isolated and axenized in Botucatu. For this, trophozoites were incubated in medium containing the inhibitors at various concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 hours. In growth and adherence assays, the number of trophozoites was estimated microscopically in a haemocytometer, whereas cell viability and ultrastructural changes were evaluated, respectively, by the method of MTT and transmission electron microscopy. In this study, all protease inhibitors showed effect on growth, adherence and viability of trophozoites. However, better performance in their ability to reduce the parameters assessed was demonstrated in experiments with cysteine proteases inhibitors, especially IAA...


الموضوعات
Humans , Antipain/antagonists & inhibitors , Cysteine/antagonists & inhibitors , Giardia lamblia/isolation & purification , In Vitro Techniques , Leupeptins/antagonists & inhibitors , Protease Inhibitors , Serine Endopeptidases , Tosyllysine Chloromethyl Ketone/antagonists & inhibitors , Trophozoites
4.
مقالة ي الانجليزية | WPRIM | ID: wpr-728661

الملخص

This study was undertaken to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ATP depletion-induced membrane transport dysfunction and cell death in renal proximal tubular cells. ATP depletion was induced by incubating cells with 2.5 mM potassium cyanide (KCN)/0.1 mM iodoacetic acid (IAA), and membrane transport function and cell viability were evaluated by measuring Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and trypan blue exclusion, respectively. ATP depletion resulted in a decrease in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability in a time-dependent manner. ATP depletion inhibited Na+-dependent phosphate uptake in cells, when treated with 2 mM ouabain, a Na+ pump-specific inhibitor, suggesting that ATP depletion impairs membrane transport functional integrity. Alterations in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability induced by ATP depletion were prevented by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger such as catalase and the hydroxyl radical scavengers (dimethylthiourea and thiourea), and amino acids (glycine and alanine). ATP depletion caused arachidonic acid release and increased mRNA levels of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2). The ATP depletion-dependent arachidonic acid release was inhibited by cPLA2 specific inhibitor AACOCF3. ATP depletion-induced alterations in Na+-dependent phosphate uptake and cell viability were prevented by AACOCF3. Inhibition of Na+-dependent phosphate uptake by ATP depletion was prevented by antipain and leupetin, serine/cysteine protease inhibitors, whereas ATP depletion-induced cell death was not altered by these agents. These results indicate that ATP depletion-induced alterations in membrane transport function and cell viability are due to reactive oxygen species generation and cPLA2 activation in renal proximal tubular cells. In addition, the present data suggest that serine/cysteine proteases play an important role in membrane transport dysfunction, but not cell death, induced by ATP depletion.


الموضوعات
Adenosine Triphosphate , Amino Acids , Antipain , Arachidonic Acid , Arachidonic Acids , Catalase , Cell Death , Cell Survival , Cytosol , Diminazene , Hydrogen Peroxide , Hydroxyl Radical , Iodoacetic Acid , Membranes , Ouabain , Peptide Hydrolases , Phospholipases A2 , Potassium Cyanide , Protease Inhibitors , Reactive Oxygen Species , RNA, Messenger , Trypan Blue
5.
Mycobiology ; : 209-213, 2003.
مقالة ي الانجليزية | WPRIM | ID: wpr-729806

الملخص

Aspergillus flavus K-03 isolated from poultry forming soil in Korea was studied for its ability to produce extracellular proteases on basal medium containing 2% (w/v) chicken feathers. The fungus was observed to be a potent producer of such enzymes. Keratinolytic enzyme secretion was the best at 15 days of incubation period at pH 9 and temperature 40degrees C. No relationship existed between the enzyme yield and increase of biomass. Enzyme production was suppressed by exogenous sugars in descending order arabinose>maltose>mannose>fructose. But glucose did not influence the enzyme activity. The keratinolytic enzyme released by the fungus demonstrated the ability to decompose keratin substrates as chicken feather when exogenous glucose was present. The keratinolytic activity was inhibited by HgCl2 and serine-protease inhibitors such as phenymethylsulfonyl fluoride (100%), chymostain (88%), crystalline soybean trypsin inhibtor (80%), antipain (45%) and aprotinin (40%), and was not by cystein-protease and aspartyl-protease inhibitors. The enzyme activity is only partially inhibited by metallo-protease inhibitor. Thus, the enzyme secreted by A. flavus K-03 belongs to the alkaline serine-type protease.


الموضوعات
Animals , Antipain , Aprotinin , Aspergillus flavus , Aspergillus , Biomass , Carbohydrates , Chickens , Crystallins , Feathers , Fluorides , Fungi , Glucose , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Korea , Mercuric Chloride , Peptide Hydrolases , Poultry , Soil , Glycine max , Trypsin
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