Rheological properties of blood serum of rats after irradiation with different gamma radiation doses in vivo

The blood serum rheological properties open the door to find suitable radio-protectors and convenient therapy for many cases of radiation exposure. The present study aimed to investigate the rheological properties of rat blood serum at wide range of shear rates after whole body irradiation with different gamma radiation doses in vivo. Healthy male rats were divided into five groups; one control group and 4 irradiated groups. The irradiation process was carried out using Co60 source with dose rate of 0.883cG/sec. Several rheological parameters were measured using Brookfield LVDV-III Programmable rheometer. A significant increase in viscosity and shear stress was observed with 25 and 50Gy corresponding to each shear rate compared with the control; while a significant decrease observed with 75 and 100Gy. The viscosity exhibited a Non-Newtonian behaviour with the shear rate while shear stress values were linearly related with shear rate. The decrease in blood viscosity might be attributed to changes in molecular weight, pH sensitivity and protein structure. The changes in rheological properties of irradiated rats' blood serum might be attributed to destruction changes in the haematological and dimensional properties of rats' blood products

Effect of exposure to X-ray radiation on the hematological system and immunoglobulin concentration of customs clearance workers in Alexandria port

Based on scientific evidence, any exposure to radiation can be harmful; there is no safe dose, i.e. no threshold-dose. This study was conducted to reveal the effect of low dose radiation on the haematological system, as the blood cells are classified as the most radiosensitive tissue in the human body. The inference population included 40 male Customs Clearance Workers [CCWs] from Alexandria seaport; they were exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation while using various types of electronic and imaging machines for security purposes. .The comparative population included 40 male workers; they were not exposed to ionizing radiation or radioactive hazardous materials in their work environment. All CCWs and unexposed workers were subjected to an interviewing schedule, physical examination, and haematological investigations, which included a complete blood count and IgG, IgA and IgM concentrations. In the present study the prevalence of general manifestations such as pallor, hair loss, repeated infections and bouts of fever were higher among CCWs compared with unexposed workers. Neurological manifestations namely, headache and fatigue were prevailing among CCWs. Haematological investigations revealed that the mean total leucocytic count was significantly decreased among CCWs. On the other hand the mean values of RBC and platelet counts were not significantly lowered among CCWs. Moreover, the differential picture showed a significant depression in the mean percent of circulating lymphocytes among CCWs. Regarding the immunoglobulin concentrations, the present study revealed no significant difference between CCWs and unexposed workers regarding their serum IgG, IgM and IgA concentrations, Furthermore, there were significant negative correlations between the total leucocytic count and both the duration of occupation and smoking index, and between the mean percent of circulating lymphocytes and duration of occupation. CCWs at Alexandria seaport although assumed to be exposed to low doses of ionizing radiation, yet significant affection of some basic blood parameters was evident. Thus, personal monitoring for X-ray radiation and increasing the level of protection for CCWs is of utmost importance

Aspectos importantes na determinação do nível de alumínio no sangue de pacientes em tratamento regular de hemodiálise / Aluminium level in serum analysis and its importance in hemodialysis treatment

A elevada toxicidade do alumínio para pacientes com insuficiência renal está muito bem documentada na literatura. A ação tóxica deste elemento é tão elevada que um controle anual dos níveis de alumínio sérico dos pacientes submetidos regularmente ao tratamento de hemodiálise é exigida pela Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (ANVISA). Devido à ubiquidade do aluminio, a análise requer cuidados especiais com relação à contaminação. Neste trabalho são abordados os aspectos mais importantes, desde a coleta até a quantificação do alumínio propriamente dita, para evitar fontes externas de contaminação e conduzir análise com êxito. Os cuidados necessários tornam-se relevantes devido ao baixo limite que coloca o paciente em risco. Níveis de Al acima de 30ug/L já caracterizam intoxicação, e determinam tratamento com agente quelante para redução do nível de Al sérico. Como este tratamento não é isento de efeitos colaterais, é muito importante que resultados confiáveis seja obtidos na análise do alumínio sérico.

Microwave adverse exposure changes of blood and brain levels of some elements in rats

In this work, four groups of adult male albino rats were used; the first as control, the second was exposed to microwave radiation 11/2 hr/day for seven consecutive days at a dose of 15 mW/cm2 and frequency 10.525 CHz. The third was exposed like the second but for 24 consecutive days, while the fourth was treated as the third and then left for two weeks as a rest period. Then animals were sacrificed and the blood and brain levels of some major and trace elements [calcium. iron, manganese, copper, nickel, zinc, selenium and molybdenum] were estimated by the Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence technique [EDXF]; an easy, rapid, multi-elemental and need low weight of samples. Calcium, iron and manganese showed a significant increase in the exposed groups, while zinc, copper and molybdenum showed a significant decrease in both blood and brain when compared to control. Nickel of blood exposed groups showed a significant drop in the acute and chronic exposure groups and restored its normal figure in the chronic exposure then rest group, but it gave no readings in the brain sample for all groups. As for selenium it showed a significant drop in both acute and chronic exposure groups and a significant rise in the chronic then rest group in the blood; but in brain it gave no readings for the control and chronic exposure groups and a significant rise in the other two. These changes were explained by the microwave variant effects on ion fluxes via the effect on the ion channel properties of cell membrane, interaction between the cellular membrane molecules containing these ions, voltage changes across the cell membrane. etc

Estudo sobre a eventual utilidade de raios gama na profilaxia da malária transmissível por transfusão de sangue / Utility of gamma rays in prophylaxis of transmissible malaria by blood transfusion

This study was carried out to evaluate the fortuitons advantage of using gamma irradiation in the prophylaxis of transmissible malaria by blood transfusion, with mice as the experimental model. In the first step, when the infected blood with Plasmodium berghei was submitted to 2,500 rad and 5,000 rad, with or without metronidazol, there was no success, because the animals presented parasitaemia and died after inoculation of irradiated blood. However, there was partial success in the second step, when the infected blood received 10,000 and 15,000 rad, and was inoculated in mice, which showed infection, and presented a survival rate of 20% and 40%, respectively, with later negativation of blood infected by P. berghei.

O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a eventual utilidade de raios gama na profilaxia da malária transmissível por transfusão de sangue, tendo sido, para isso, usados camundongos infectados pelo Plasmodium berghei. Na primeira fase, quando submetemos sangue deles retirado a 2.500 e 5.000rad, com associação ou não de metronidazol, não obtivemos sucesso, já que todos os animais antes sem a parasitose apresentaram parasitemia e morreram após inoculação do sangue irradiado. Porém, ocorreu êxito parcial na segunda fase, ao serem empregados 10.000 e 15.000rad, porquanto 20% e 40% dos roedores, respectivamente, embora tenham ficado infectados, sobreviveram, com posterior negativação quanto à presença do P. berghei.

Haematocytometrical changes in chicken blood to acute 60Co gamma radiation.

Newly hatched white leghorn chicks (Gallus domesticus) subjected to single whole body 2.25 Gy (225 rads) gamma radiation exposure at the dose rate of 0.50 Gy/sec (50 rads/sec), were studied for changes in a number of haematological parameters at days 1,3,5,7,14 and 28 post irradiation during development. The sudden decline and gradual recovery in total RBC and WBC counts and the level of Hb and Hct along with MCV, MCH and MCHC values evaluation indicates a high regenerative capability of leghorn chicks.

Certain immuno-haematological effects of laser irradiation.

The effects of low power He-Ne laser of 7 milliwatt power on certain immuno-haematological parameters were studied using fresh human blood samples. The parameters studied include electrophoretic mobility of haemoglobin, quantification of immunoglobulins, soluble immune complex levels, blood grouping, Rh typing and neutrophil function tests. Our results show that there is no significant change in the parameters studied after laser irradiation for 60 minutes except changes in the electrophoretic mobility of haemoglobin. In addition laser exposure causes haemolysis in all the samples examined.