الملخص
El crimen organizado se ha convertido en un flagelo a nivel internacional conformado por grupos al margen de la ley que realizan todo tipo de actividades que involucran desde tráfico de personas, secuestros, extorsiones, narcotráfico y muchos otros delitos. Producto de este fenómeno, la desaparición y ejecución de personas es cada día más frecuente, en muchos casos los cuerpos son quemados o desmembrados para impedir o hacer más difícil la identificación. La odontología forense se ha convertido en una disciplina transcendental en la identificación de cadáveres y restos óseos, además de contar con múltiples métodos para estimar la edad aproximada de una persona. Se presenta el caso de un descuartizamiento múltiple de tres individuos masculinos donde era indispensable identificar si alguno correspondía a una persona menor de 18 años.
Organized crime has become an international scourge made up of outlaw groups that carry out all kinds of activities ranging from human trafficking, kidnapping, extortion, drug trafficking and many more. As a result of this phenomenon, the disappearance and execution of people is becoming more frequent every day, in many cases the bodies are burned or dismembered to prevent or make identification more difficult. Forensic odontology has become a transcendental discipline in the identification of corpses and skeletal remains, in addition to having multiple methods to estimate the approximate age of a person. The case of a multiple dismemberment of three male individuals is presented, where it was essential to identify a person under 18 years of age.
الموضوعات
Humans , Age Determination by Teeth/methods , Crime Victims , Dentition , Forensic Dentistry/instrumentation , Calcification, Physiologic , Costa Rica , Molar, Third/pathologyالملخص
Introducción: En Cuba ha sido poco estudiado el tiempo que demora el diente, desde que aflora a la cavidad bucal hasta que alcanza el plano oclusal. Objetivo: Determinar la duración de la erupción clínica prefuncional temporal y permanente en la población de Villa Clara. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico descriptivo entre los años 2014 a 2018. Mediante un muestreo polietápico aleatorio simple se obtuvo una muestra de 2 584 niños y adolescentes (520 entre tres meses y cuatro años para la dentición temporal, y 2 064 entre cuatro y 14 años para la permanente), nacidos en la provincia, sin alteraciones del crecimiento general y craneofacial; se observó el brote; se calcularon por medio de la regresión de probit, las edades medias para los dientes brotados sin contacto oclusal y las que habían alcanzado la oclusión. La duración de la erupción clínica prefuncional fue calculada restando las medianas de ambas variables. Resultados: En los dientes temporales demoró más la erupción clínica prefuncional en los 1ros molares (superiores, 0,63; inferiores, 0,62); en los permanentes, en los incisivos centrales inferiores de hombres y mujeres, 1 y 1,07, respectivamente. Conclusiones: La erupción clínica prefuncional para los dientes permanentes osciló entre cuatro meses y un año; para los temporales, entre cuatro y siete meses con diferencias dentarias. Se elaboró una tabla de duración de la erupción clínica prefuncional de los dientes temporales y permanentes ajustada a la población villaclareña.
Introduction: the time the tooth takes to emerge from the oral cavity until it reaches the occlusal plane has been little studied in Cuba. Objective: to determine the duration of temporary and permanent prefunctional clinical tooth eruption in Villa Clara population. Methods: a descriptive and epidemiological study was carried out from 2014 to 2018. A sample of 2,584 children and adolescents who were born in the province without alterations in general and craniofacial growth was obtained through simple random multistage sampling (520 between three months and four years for temporary dentition and 2,064 between four and 14 years for permanent one); the outbreak was observed; the mean ages for teeth eruption without occlusal contact and those that had reached occlusion were calculated by means of probit regression. The duration of the prefunctional clinical eruption was calculated by subtracting the medians of both variables. Results: prefunctional clinical eruption took longer in temporary (upper, 0.63 and lower, 0.62) 1st molars, as well as in permanent lower central incisors of men and women (1 and 1.07, respectively). Conclusions: prefunctional clinical eruption for permanent teeth ranged from four months to one year and for temporary ones between four and seven months presenting dental differences. A table of the duration of the prefunctional clinical eruption of temporary and permanent teeth was created according to Villa Clara population.
الموضوعات
Dentition, Permanent , Dentition , Dentition, Mixedالملخص
O envelhecimento acarreta mudanças em todos os aspectos da vida, sendo caracterizado por uma modificação nas funções sociais, mentais e corporais. No Sistema Estomatoglossognático, é possível observar alterações significativas, começando pela fase preparatória da deglutição e da função de mastigação, decorrente da perda dos dentes, a qual é responsável pela trituração do alimento, formação do bolo alimentar e perda do tônus dos músculos que são responsáveis pelos movimentos mastigatórios. Esta pesquisa observou como as alterações dentárias em idosos podem repercutir na sua alimentação. Foi realizado um estudo observacional transversal, com amostra de 33 idosos frequentadores da Igreja Evangélica Assembleia de Deus em Alagoas, no município de Coqueiro Seco. Foi feita aplicação de um instrumento de coleta, o qual possuía perguntas baseadas no MBGR e na escala EAT-10. Os resultados mostraram que há um grande número de idosos que fazem uso de prótese dentária, refletindo na execução da função mastigatória, escolha da consistência alimentar e aspectos socioemocionais. As próteses dentárias, quando bem adaptadas, podem gerar um ganho significativo ao paciente, permitindo uma alimentação que não interfere na sua postura social, nem em suas questões emocionais. (AU)
Aging causes changes in all aspects of life, being characterized by a change in social, mental and bodily functions. In the Stomatoglossognathic System, it is possible to observe significant changes, starting with the preparatory phase of swallowing and the chewing function, resulting from the loss of teeth; which is responsible for crushing food, formation of food bolus and loss of muscle tone that are responsible for masticatory movements. This research observed how dental changes in the elderly can affect their diet. A cross-sectional observational study was carried out, with a sample of 33 elderly people attending the Evangelical Assembly of God Church in Alagoas, in the municipality of Coqueiro Seco. A collection instrument was applied, which had questions based on the MBGR and the EAT-10 scale. The results showed that there is a large number of elderly people who use dental prosthesis, reflecting on the performance of masticatory function, choice of food consistency and socio-emotional aspects. Dental prostheses, when well adapted, can generate a significant gain for the patient, allowing a diet that does not interfere with their social posture, nor with their emotional issues. (AU)
El envejecimiento provoca cambios en todos los aspectos de la vida, caracterizándose por un cambio en las funciones sociales, mentales y corporales. En el Sistema Estomatoglosognático, es posible observar cambios significativos, a partir de la fase preparatoria de la deglución y de la función masticatoria, resultantes de la pérdida de dientes; que se encarga de triturar los alimentos, formación de bolos alimenticios y pérdida de tono muscular que son responsables de los movimientos masticatorios. Esta investigación observó cómo las alteraciones dentales en los adultos mayores pueden afectar su alimentación. Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal, con una muestra de 33 ancianos asistentes a la Iglesia Evangélica Asamblea de Dios de Alagoas, en el municipio de Coqueiro Seco. Se aplicó un instrumento de recolección, el cual contó con preguntas basadas en el MBGR y la escala EAT-10. Los resultados mostraron que existe un gran número de ancianos que utilizan prótesis dental, reflexionando sobre el desempeño de la función masticatoria, elección de la consistencia de los alimentos y aspectos socioemocionales. Las prótesis dentales, bien adaptadas, pueden generar una ganancia importante para el paciente, permitiendo una alimentación que no interfiere con su postura social, ni con sus problemas emocionales. (AU)
الموضوعات
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Aging , Dentition , Feeding Behavior , Social Isolation , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dental Restoration Failure , Eating/psychologyالملخص
Introducción: En la terapia pulpar, se han producido avances que no solo están relacionados con los biomateriales empleados sino también con las técnicas utilizadas para la instrumentación; de allí que al optimizar estas últimas se contribuya al aumento de la calidad de la terapéutica en este campo. Objetivo: examinar la evidencia disponible sobre la instrumentación rotatoria comparada con la instrumentación manual para terapias pulpares en odontopediatría. Métodos: Se aplicaron los criterios de informes PRISMA- ScR. Para la búsqueda de los artículos se utilizaron las bases de datos pubmed/Medline, Elsevier, Epistemonikos, Scielo.org, Redalyc.org; Imbiomed y Google académico, Artículos en idioma inglés y español, publicados desde enero 2017 a junio de 2022. Se seleccionaron 15 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión establecidos para la revisión. Resultados: 60,0 % de los estudios reportaron que la instrumentación rotatoria tuvo una mejor calidad de obturación que la manual; 40,0% informaron no encontrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambas técnicas. El 100% de los estudios indicaron que hubo reducción significativa del tiempo de instrumentación de las limas rotatorias en comparación con las manuales. Conclusión: las evidencias señalan que tanto la instrumentación rotatoria como la instrumentación manual son eficaces para garantizar la calidad de la obturación de los conductos radiculares y el tiempo de instrumentación es más corto con la instrumentación rotatoria, este aspecto es muy importante en Odontopediatría ya que reduce el tiempo del tratamiento y contribuye a que el niño sea más cooperador y los tratamientos sean más eficaces.
Introdução: Na terapia pulpar, houve avanços que não estão relacionados apenas aos biomateriais utilizados, mas também às técnicas utilizadas para instrumentação; portanto, a otimização destes últimos contribuirá para um aumento na qualidade da terapia neste campo. Objetivo: Examinar as evidências disponíveis sobre instrumentação rotativa em comparação com instrumentação manual para terapia de polpa em odontologia pediátrica. Métodos: Foram aplicados os critérios de relatório PRISMA-SCR. Os bancos de dados pubmed/Medline, Elsevier, Epistemonikos, Scielo.org, Redalyc.org, Imbiomed e google artigos acadêmicos, em inglês e espanhol publicados de janeiro de 2017 a junho de 2022 foram usados para pesquisar artigos. Foram selecionados 15 artigos que cumpriam os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos para a revisão. Resultados: 60,0 % dos estudos relataram que a instrumentação rotativa tinha melhor qualidade de obturação do que a instrumentação manual; 40,0 % relataram não encontrar diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as duas técnicas. 100% dos estudos indicaram que houve uma redução significativa no tempo de instrumentação dos arquivos rotativos em comparação com os arquivos manuais. Conclusão: As evidências indicam que tanto a instrumentação rotativa quanto a manual, estão sendo eficazes para garantir a qualidade da obturação dos canais radiculares e que o tempo de instrumentação é menor com a instrumentação rotativa. Este aspecto é muito importante na odontologia pediátrica, pois reduz o tempo de tratamento e contribui para que a criança seja mais cooperativa e os tratamentos sejam mais eficazes
Introduction: In pulp therapy, there have been advances that are not only related to the biomaterials used but also to the techniques used for instrumentation; hence, optimizing the latter contributes to increasing the quality of therapeutics in this field. Objective: to examine the available evidence on rotary instrumentation vs. manual instrumentation for pulp therapy in pediatric dentistry. Methods: PRISMA-ScR reporting criteria were applied. For the search of the articles, the pubmed/medline, Elsevier, Epistemonikos, Scielo.org, Redalyc.org databases were used; Imbiomed and academic google, Articles in English and Spanish, published from January 2017 to June 2022. Fifteen articles were selected that met the criteria established for the review. Results: 60.0% of the studies reported that the rotary instrumentation had a better obturation quality than the manual one; 40.0% reported not finding statistically significant differences between both techniques. 100% of the studies indicated that there was a significant reduction in the instrumentation time of rotary files compared to manual files. Conclusion: the evidence indicates that both rotary and manual instrumentation are effective in guaranteeing the quality of root canal filling and that the instrumentation time is shorter with rotary instrumentation, this aspect being very important in pediatric dentistry since the patient the child spends less time in the chair, which contributes to his being more cooperative and the treatment time is reduced.
الموضوعات
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Pediatric Dentistry/instrumentation , Dentitionالملخص
Studying the different indicators of functional dentition classification can contribute to the understanding of the associated factors, and thus help in the definition of strategies associated with oral health care. This approach has been little explored in the literature, especially when considering the older age group. Aim:The aim of this study is to evaluate the factors associated with three distinct functional dentition classification. Methods: Cross-sectional exploratory study using secondary data from the Frailty in Older Brazilians (FIBRA) Project of 876 older adults living in Campinas, Brazil. The indicators of dental function assessed was number of natural teeth present, occluding pairs of teeth and the Eichner index, which were verified by trained dentists, following the World Health Organization criteria for epidemiological studies in oral health. The explanatory variable assessed was the self-perception of oral health-related quality of life measured by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and its dimensions. It was also collected sociodemographic information such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, schooling, family income, smoking behavior and frailty status. The association was verified through Poisson regressions for number of teeth and pairs of teeth in occlusion and multinomial regression for the Eichner index, adjusted by sociodemographic and health variables. Results: Lower prevalence of participants with less than 21 teeth who negatively perceived GOHAI Ìs pain and discomfort dimension and higher prevalence of having less teeth among the ones that negatively perceived GOHAI Ìs physical and functional dimensions. No association was found between the perception of quality of life and occlusion pairs of teeth and the Eichner Index. Conclusion: Two out of three indicators assessed were associated with quality of life. Therefore, it is important to select sensitive indicators to be able to identify and better comprehend this relationship
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Quality of Life , Oral Health , Dentition , Sociodemographic Factorsالملخص
El estudio de hipomineralización en molares e incisivos fue descrito por primera vez en el año 1970, posteriormente en 2001 el término Hipomineralización Molar Incisivo (HMI) fue sugerido por la Academia Europea de Odontología Pediátrica (EAPD) para referirse a este como un defecto específico del desarrollo del esmalte; ya para el año 2003 se estandarizaron los criterios de diagnóstico clínico. La HMI es un defecto del esmalte dentario ampliamente estudiado, sin embargo, hasta la fecha los factores de riesgo no son concluyentes, pero se considera de origen sistémico y multifactorial. Las implicaciones sistémicas pueden acontecer en periodos específicos (pre, peri y posnatal) considerados periodos importantes y críticos en el desarrollo de la vida humana. Objetivo: aportar la mejor evidencia científica disponible sobre los factores sistémicos asociados a la Hipomineralización Molar Incisivo. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada seleccionando estudios primarios en bases de datos electrónicas: Pub Med, biblioteca Cochrane e Hinari a través de la pregunta PICO. Resultados: 115 estudios fueron identificados a través de la búsqueda electrónica de estos solo 18 fueron elegibles según los criterios de inclusión. Conclusiones: Son múltiples los posibles factores sistémicos asociados con HMI, entre ellos resaltan complicaciones en el embarazo como: fiebres altas, hipertensión arterial, diabetes gestacional, procesos infecciosos, uso frecuente de antibióticos y desnutrición, así como parto prematuro, bajo peso al nacer y las enfermedades respiratorias, fiebre y otitis en los primeros años de vida del niño
O estudo da Hipomineralização nos molares e incisivos foi descrito pela primeira vez no ano de 1970, posteriormente no 2001 o termo Hipomineralização Molar Incisivo (HMI) foi sugerido pela Academia Europeia de Odontopediatria (EAPD) para se referir a este como um defeito específico do desenvolvimento do esmalte, já no ano 2003 se padronizaram os critérios de diagnóstico clínico. A HMI é um defeito do esmalte dentário amplamente estudado, no entanto até hoje os fatores de risco ainda não estão totalmente esclarecidos, mas se considera como de origem sistémico e multifatorial. As implicações sistémicas podem acontecer em períodos específicos (pre, peri e pós natal) que se consideram períodos importantes e críticos no desenvolvimento da vida humana. Objetivo: aportar a melhor evidencia científica disponível sobre os fatores sistémicos associados à Hipomineralização Molar Incisivo. Materiais e métodos: foi realizada uma busqueda sistematizada selecionando estudos primários em bases de dados eletrônicas: Pub Med, biblioteca Cochrane e Hinari a través da pergunta PICO. Resultados: 115 estudos foram identificados a través da busqueda eletrônica dos quais unicamente 18 foram elegíveis segundo os critérios de inclusão. Conclusões: São muitos os possíveis fatores sistémicos associados com HMI entre eles destacam complicações na gravidez como: febres altas, hipertensão arterial
The study of Hypomineralization in molars and incisors was described for the first time in the year 1970. Later in 2001, the term Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) was suggested by the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD) to refer to this as a specific enamel development defect, and in 2003, the clinical diagnostic criteria were standardized. MIH is a widely studied tooth enamel defect; however, to date, the risk factors are not conclusive but, it is considered of systemic and multifactorial origin. The systemic implications can occur in specific periods (pre, peri, and postnatal) considered important and critical periods of the development of human life. Objective: to provide the best available scientific evidence on the systemic factors associated with molar incisor Hypomineralization. Methodology: A systematized search was varied out selecting primary studies in electronic database: Pub Med, Cochrane and Hinari library, through the PICO question. Results: 115 studied were identified through the electronic search. Of these, only 18 were found eligible according to the inclusion criteria. Conclusions: There are multiple possible systemic factors associated with MIH. Among them, certain complications in pregnancy stand out, such as: Hugh fevers, arterial hypertension, gestational diabetes, infectious processes, frequent use of antibiotics and malnutrition, as well as premature delivery, low birth weight, and respiratory diseases, fever and otitis in the first years of the child's life
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Dental Enamel , Dentition , Dental Enamel Hypomineralization , Pregnancy Complications , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Malnutrition , Anti-Bacterial Agentsالملخص
Objective: Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) affect the aesthetics and function of primary teeth and can cause sequelae in their permanent successors. This study assessed the distribution of TDIs and sequelae in the primary dentition and the respective permanent dentition in children treated at the Dental Trauma Centre in Brazil. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted by collecting data from 256 dental records over 7 years. Descriptive statistical analyses and the Fisher exact test were used (p=0.05). Results: Sixty-two patients presented with trauma in the deciduous teeth. TDIs were observed mostly in boys (64.50%) and in the 2 to 4-year age group (44.10%); most injuries occurred from fall from the child's own height (40.30%) and at home (71.20%). The most common type of trauma was subluxation (22.90%). The most prevalent clinical and radiographic sequelae were mobility (45.60%) and periapical lesion (31.80%), respectively. Regarding the permanent dentition, the most frequent sequela was hypomineralization (33.30%). Conclusion:According to this study, TDIs in deciduous teeth made up 29.24% of all the cases in the Dental Trauma Program. The major type of trauma in children was subluxation, with sequelae in both dentitions. Follow-up after trauma is important to the maintenance of primary dentition and to prevent and treat possible sequelae in the permanent dentition.(AU)
Objetivo: Lesões dentárias traumáticas (TDIs) afetam a estética e a função dos dentes decíduos e podem causar sequelas em sucessores permanentes. Este estudo avaliou a distribuição das TDIs e sequelas na dentição decídua e sua respectiva dentição permanente em crianças atendidas no Centro de Trauma Odontológico no Brasil. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado por meio da coleta de dados de 256 prontuários odontológicos ao longo de 7 anos. Foram utilizadas análises estatísticas descritivas e teste exato de Fisher (p <0,05). Resultados:Sessenta e dois pacientes apresentaram trauma na dentição decídua. As TDIs foram observadas principalmente em meninos (64,50%) e na faixa etária de 2 a 4 anos (44,10%); a maioria das lesões ocorreu por queda da própria altura (40,30%) e em casa (71,20%). O tipo de trauma mais comum foi a subluxação (22,90%). As sequelas clínicas e radiográficas mais prevalentes foram mobilidade (45,60%) e lesão periapical (31,80%), respectivamente. Em relação à dentição permanente, a sequela mais frequente foi a hipomineralização (33,30%). Conclusão: De acordo com este estudo, as TDIs em dentes decíduos foram de 29,24% de todos os casos do Programa de Trauma Dental. O principal tipo de trauma em crianças foi a subluxação, com sequelas em ambas as dentições. O acompanhamento após o trauma é importante para a manutenção da dentição decídua e para prevenir e tratar possíveis sequelas na dentição permanente. (AU)
الموضوعات
Wounds and Injuries , Oral Health , Dentition, Permanent , Dentitionالملخص
SUMMARY: The mylohyoid muscle, one of the suprahyoid group, forms the floor of the mouth. Its main function is swallowing. It is a margin between the sublingual and the submandibular spaces and is important in the pathway of oral and maxillofacial infection. In prosthodontics, it is one of anatomic landmarks that limits the lingual margin of the mandibular denture. Currently, the muscle receives much interest in the fields of maxillofacial reconstruction and rejuvenation. The hemorrhagic issue around the mandibular lingual region is usually involved with the mylohyoid especially in the dental implant installation. This review covers anatomic features of the mylohyoid muscle with diverse clinical implications.
RESUMEN: El músculo milohioideo es un músculo del grupo suprahioideo que forma el piso de la cavidad oral. Su función principal es la deglución. Es conocido como un límite entre los espacios sublingual y submandibular y es importante en la vía de infección oral y maxilofacial. En la prostodoncia, es uno de los hitos anatómicos que limita el margen lingual de la dentadura mandibular. Actualmente, el músculo recibe mucho interés en los campos de la reconstrucción y el rejuvenecimiento maxilofacial. El problema hemorrágico alrededor de la región lingual mandibular generalmente está relacionado con el músculo milohioideo, especialmente en la instalación de implantes dentales. Esta revisión cubre las características anatómicas del músculo milohioideo con diversas implicaciones clínicas.
الموضوعات
Humans , Dentition , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Mouth Floorالملخص
El orden y cronología del brote dentario temporal es una expresión del crecimiento del niño e influye en su posterior desarrollo dental y maxilofacial. Tener un conocimiento sobre la edad promedio de brote de cada diente es útil para establecer un diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de maloclusiones por lo cual el objetivo de esta investigación es caracterizar el patrón de brote de la dentición temporal en niños y niñas del municipio Cerro, La Habana, Cuba. Para ello se diseñó un estudio observacional descriptivo en 370 niños de ambos sexos entre 0 a 36 meses de edad, el estudio se desarrolló entre septiembre de 2017 a enero de 2020. Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, diente, hemiarcada y cronología del brote dentario. Se realizaron distribuciones de frecuencia a todas las variables en estudio y se presentan los resultados en tablas estadísticas. Se utilizó la prueba t-Student para verificar las diferencias significativas. Los resultados principales obtenidos fueron que los dientes de maxilares brotaron antes que los mandibulares, a excepción de los incisivos centrales y el incisivo lateral inferior izquierdo. A pesar de que el brote dentario comenzó primero en individuos de sexo masculino en ambas arcadas (5,86 meses en el maxilar, ± 0,92; y en la mandíbula 4,92 meses ± 1,09), el período de tiempo de brote fue algo más rápido en el sexo femenino (19,83 meses en el maxilar y 21,64 meses en la mandíbula ) y los masculinos (20,26 meses y 22,16 meses), pero sin diferencias significativas (p<0,05). Se concluye que el patrón de brote fue similar al descrito en la literatura, excepto por discreto adelanto para los incisivos centrales y retraso en segundos molares temporales
The order and chronology of the temporary tooth eruption is an expression of the child's growth and influences his later dental development. Having knowledge about the average age of emergence of each tooth is useful to establish a diagnosis, prevention and treatment of malocclusions, for which the objective of this research is to characterize the pattern of emergence of primary dentition in children in Cerro district, Havana, Cuba. For this, a descriptive observational study was designed in 370 children of both sexes between 0 and 36 months of age, in said clinic during September / 2017 to January / 2020. The variables were studied: age, sex, tooth, hemiarcade and chronology of the dental outbreak. Frequency distributions were made to all the variables under study and the results are presented in statistical tables. The t-Student test was used to verify significant differences. The main results obtained were that the teeth of the maxillary arch erupted before those of the mandibular, except for the central incisors and the lower left lateral incisor. Although the fact that the dental flare began first in males in both arches (5,86 months in the maxilla, ± 0,92; and in the mandible 4,92 months ± 1,09), the time period of outbreak was somewhat faster in females (19,83 months in the maxilla and 21,64 months in the mandible) and males (20,26 months and 22,16 months), but without significant differences (p <0, 05). It is concluded that the eruption pattern was similar to that described in the literature, except for slight advancement for the central incisors and delay in second primary molars
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Tooth, Deciduous/growth & development , Time Factors , Prospective Studies , Sex Distribution , Age Distribution , Cuba , Dentitionالملخص
El término dientes supernumerarios se refiere al exceso en el número normal de dientes ya sea en la dentición primaria como en la permanente, pueden presentarse de forma única o múltiple, unilateral o bilateral, tanto en maxilar como en mandíbula. Un paramolar es un molar supernumerario generalmente rudimentario ubicado en posición vestibular o palatino de uno de los molares o en el espacio interproximal al segundo y tercer molar. Su prevalencia es menor al 0,20%, se presentan más en hombres que en mujeres y generalmente se encuentran erupcionados. En el presente artículo se reporta el caso inusual de una paciente femenina con paramolares maxilares bilaterales no erupcionados los cuales fueron removidos quirúrgicamente sin complicaciones
A O termo dentes supranumerário se refere ao excesso no número normal de dentes, seja na dentição decídua ou permanente, podendo ocorrer de forma única ou múltipla, unilateral ou bilateral, tanto na maxila quanto na mandíbula. Um paramolar é um molar supranumerário geralmente rudimentar localizado na posição vestibular ou palatina de um dos molares ou no espaço interproximal do segundo e terceiro molares. Sua prevalência e inferior a 0,20%, ocorrem mais em homens do que em mulheres e geralmente surgem. Neste artigo, relatamos o caso incomum de uma paciente do sexo feminino com paramolares superiores bilaterais não erupcionados, que foram removidos cirurgicamente sem complicações
The term supernumerary teeth refer to the excess in the normal number of teeth, either in the temporary or in the permanent dentition, it can appear in a single or multiple forms, unilateral or bilateral, both in the maxilla and in the mandible. A paramolar is a generally rudimentary supernumerary molar located in the vestibular or palatal position of one of the molars or in the space interproximal to the second and third molars. Prevalence is less than 0,2%, they are more frequent in men than in women and are generally erupted. This article reports the unusual case of a female patient with unerupted bilateral maxillary paramolars which were surgically removed without complications
الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Tooth Abnormalities , Tooth, Supernumerary , Molar, Third , Dentition, Permanent , Dentition , Molarالملخص
ABSTRACT Objective To perform a morphological evaluation concerning the extent of interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) with different manual instruments in different types of teeth and a qualitative analysis of enamel surface characteristics at the contact point before and after IPR. Material and Methods 40 freshly extracted, caries-free, and intact human teeth were used for the study (20 bicuspids and 20 incisors) and performed IPR just on the mesial surface. The morphological variation of contact point was evaluated by superimposed the stl file, obtained thanks to an extraoral scanner, at T0 and T1 for each tooth. Two types of strip were used, Intensiv Manual Ortho Strips Coarse/Medium and Steelcarbo Horico Strips. Teeth were then cut lengthwise, removed the most apical root portion and the mesial and distal halves were gilded and observed at different magnifications. Results The morphological variation following stripping mainly depends on the extent of the stripping, while the diameter, the type of strip and the shape of the tooth itself do not appear to be relevant. The 500X and 1500X magnifications allowed to appreciate better the characteristics of the surface of the stripped enamel and the differences with the intact enamel. All teeth treated, independently from the kind of strip used, shows deep marks and grooves in the direction of stripping. In both cases, the enamel appears significantly damaged at great magnifications. Conclusion Stripping always and inevitably leads to a change in the shape of the contact point and is directly correlated to the amount of stripping performed. The use of polishing after the removal of enamel interproximal is necessary in all cases.
الموضوعات
Male , Female , Orthodontics/instrumentation , In Vitro Techniques , Dental Arch , Dentition , Malocclusion/etiology , Regression Analysis , Longitudinal Studies , Dental Enamel , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Italy/epidemiologyالملخص
Abstract Background Malocclusions are highly prevalent in childhood and adolescence, being considered a public health problem worldwide, in addition to be considered an important predictor in the tongue position and speech disorders. Objective Evaluate the association of malocclusions with tongue position and speech distortion in mixed-dentition schoolchildren from the south of Brazil. Methodology This cross-sectional study was performed using a database of an epidemiological survey realized in the southern of Brazil, in 2015, for evaluating the dental and myofunctional condition of the mixed-dentition from 7-13 years' schoolchildren. The outcome variables were tongue position and speech distortion, evaluated by a trained and calibrated examiner. Characteristics regarding sociodemographic and oral health measures (Angle's classification of the malocclusion, overjet, overbite, posterior crossbite and respiratory mode) were also assessed. Poisson regression models with adjusted robust variance were used to evaluate the association among predictors variables in the outcomes. Results are presented as prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results A total of 547 children were evaluated. Schoolchildren who presented anterior open bite (PR 2.36 95%CI 1.59-3.49) and having oral/oral-nasal breathing (RP 2.51 95%CI 1.70-3.71) are more likely to have altered position of the tongue. Both deep bite and being male represent protection factors for the abnormal tongue position. Regarding speech distortion, deep overbite presents a protective relationship to speech distortion (PR 0.41; 95%CI 0.24-0.71), whereas schoolchildren with posterior crossbite were more likely to present this problem (PR 1.77; 95%CI 1.09-2.88). Conclusion Anterior open bite and posterior crossbite were the malocclusions related to speech distortion and/or altered tongue position. Oral/oral-nasal breathing was also related to myofunctional changes. Deep bite malocclusion was a protective factor for both speech problems and altered tongue position when compared to a normal overbite.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Child , Adolescent , Dentition , Malocclusion/epidemiology , Speech , Speech Disorders , Tongue , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studiesالملخص
RESUMEN Los lagomorfos y los histricomorfos, como los cuyos y las chinchillas, comparten características dentales como: dentadura elodonta e hipsodonta. Estas peculiaridades predisponen la presentación de maloclusión debido al consumo de dietas inadecuadas, poco abrasivas. El propósito de este trabajo es identificar la prevalencia de maloclusión en cada una de las especies mencionadas, de acuerdo con su sexo y grupo etario. Además, tiene como objetivo hacer una evaluación objetiva de los estudios radiográficos de los ejemplares, basada en líneas de referencia anatómica, para determinar los principales hallazgos radiográficos según el grado de maloclusión diagnosticado de forma clínica. El 30% de todos los individuos evaluados presentaron problemas de maloclusión, 42,86% de ellos conejos, 16,6% cuyos y 23% chinchillas. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas en la presentación por sexo. En conejos fue más común el diagnóstico de ejemplares del grupo etario I y II, mientras que en cuyos lo fue en los grupos II y III. El grado I y II fueron los más diagnosticados en conejos y cuyos. En las radiografías las lesiones más comunes fueron el sobrecrecimiento de las raíces maxilares y mandibulares, elongación de incisivos, pérdida de la superficie de oclusión y deformación de las raíces mandibulares. Se propone un método de corrección para las proyecciones radiográficas LL con rotación evidente para mantener la objetividad de la evaluación radiográfica.
ABSTRACT Lagomorphs and histricomorphs, as guinea pigs and chinchillas, have common dental characteristics, such as the elodont and hypsodont teeth. These peculiarities predispose to the presentation of malocclusion due to the consumption of inadequate, non-abrasive diets. The purpose of this work is to identify the prevalence of malocclusion in each case. In addition, it aims to make an objective evaluation of the radiological studies of the specimens, based on anatomical reference lines, to determine the main radiographic findings according to the degree of malocclusion clinically diagnosed. 30% of the individuals evaluated presented malocclusion problems being 42.86% rabbits, 16.6% guinea pigs and 23% chinchillas. There is no evidence of significant differences in the presentation by sex. In rabbits, the diagnosis of the specimens from the group I and II were more common, while in guinea pigs they were II and Ill. Grade I and II were the most diagnosed in rabbits and guinea pigs. In the radiographs, the most common lesions are the overgrowth of the maxillary and mandibular roots, elongation of the incisors, loss of the occlusal surface and deformation of the mandibular roots. A method of correction for LL radiographic projections with evident rotation is proposed to maintain the objectivity of the radiographic evaluation.
الموضوعات
Animals , Rabbits , Chinchilla , Prevalence , Dentition , Diagnosis , Ethology , Animals, Exotic , Guinea Pigs , Malocclusion , Sex , Diagnostic Imaging , Fauna , Otoscopy , Abscess , Endoscopy , Inflammation , Jaw , Lagomorphaالملخص
With the evolution of the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, the intraoral scanners are playing an increasingly important role, as they are the first step towards a completely digital workflow. The CAD/CAM double scanning technique has been used to transfer the information from provisional restorations to definitive restorations. In this case, a 67-year-old male with esthetically compromised anterior teeth, generalized severe attrition of teeth, and reduced vertical dimension was treated with full mouth rehabilitation including a re-establishment of the lost vertical dimension of occlusion assisted by the crown lengthening procedure. The provisional restorations were fabricated using an intraoral scanner and the CAD/CAM double scanning technique. After the period of adaption, the definitive monolithic zirconia restorations were delivered. The CAD/CAM double scanning technique successfully transferred the occlusal and morphological characteristics, obtained from the provisional restorations, to the definitive restorations.
الموضوعات
Aged , Humans , Male , Crown Lengthening , Dentition , Mouth Rehabilitation , Mouth , Tooth , Tooth Wear , Vertical Dimensionالملخص
Abstract Objective: To compare the status of oral hygiene and dentition in patients with congenital hemorrhagic disorders with their age-matched healthy counterparts. Also, the prevalence of fear of dentists/ dental treatment among these patients was assessed. Material and Methods: This study was performed on children and adults with von Willebrand disease (vWD), hemophilia (A or B), and healthy subjects. Oral health and dentition status was assessed using the simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), plaque index, and the decayed, missing, filled teeth (dmft/DMFT) index. One-way ANOVA test was employed to compare the oral hygiene and dentition status of subjects in the three groups. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The DMFT score did not vary significantly between the groups (p>0.05). Higher OHI-S scores and a poor oral hygiene status was observed more in the hemophilia group than the vWD group and healthy controls. A total of 27.3% of the subjects in the vWD group, 18.2% of subjects in the hemophilia group, and no subjects in the healthy group had a fear of dentists or dental treatment. Conclusion: Subjects with vWD had a higher number of carious teeth when compared to the other groups. Poor oral hygiene status was observed in subjects with hemophilia.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adult , Oral Hygiene , von Willebrand Diseases , Oral Health , Dentition , Hemophilia A , Oral Hygiene Index , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Analysis of Variance , Dentists , Indiaالملخص
Introducción: El abordaje de la salud bucal es prioridad para la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y un factor importante para el desempeño de la enfermería en el entorno escolar. Objetivo: Establecer los factores relacionados con el deterioro de la dentición en escolares de 6 a 12 años. Materiales y Método: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de corte transversal. Muestra total de 197 estudiantes de primaria. Muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, con edad entre 6 y 12 años en dos instituciones públicas de Bucaramanga, durante el año 2016. A partir de la revisión de la literatura se elaboró un cuestionario que se utilizó para la recolección de la información, teniendo en cuenta 18 factores relacionados y 15 características definitorias del diagnóstico de la enfermería mencionado y validado. Resultados: Los factores relacionados con mayor proporción fueron: nivel socioeconómico bajo 74,3% (145), sensibilidad al frío 68,5% (135), higiene oral ineficaz 56,3% (111) y predisposición genética 51% (100). Las características definitorias más frecuentes fueron: mala oclusión, mala alineación dental (98,5%), caries en la corona (70,8%), dientes desgastados, erosión del esmalte, desgaste dental (68,5%), decoloración del esmalte dental (53,8%) y exceso de placa (50,3%). Conclusión: El rol de la enfermería escolar debe identificar los factores relacionados con el diagnóstico que tiene que ver con el "deterioro de la dentición" para orientar las intervenciones en niños escolares, y así mejorar la salud bucal como parte del autocuidado. La evaluación del estado de la salud bucal es un componente prioritario en la valoración de la enfermería en los escolares. Las características definitorias del diagnóstico más frecuentes en la población infantil evaluada, fueron la mala oclusión y la caries.
Introduction: Oral health is a priority for the World Health Organization (WHO) and an important factor for the nursing performance in the school environment. Objective: Establish the factors related to tooth decay in students that are in the age range between 6 to 12 years old. Materials and methods: cross-sectional prospective and descriptive study. The total sample was of 197 students from elementary school between the ages of 6 to 12 years old, applying convenience sampling, in two public institutions in Bucaramanga, during the year of 2016. Parting from the literature review, a validated questionnaire was made for the recollection of information with the 18 related factors and 15 characteristics defining the mentioned nursing diagnosis. Results: The related factors with greater proportion were: low socioeconomic level 74.3% (145), cold sensitivity 68.5% (135), inefficient oral hygiene 56.3% (111) and genetic predisposition 51% (100). The more frequent defining characteristics were; malocclusion of teeth (98.5%), crown cavities (70.8%), wore down teeth and erosion (68.5%), tooth discoloration (53.8%) and plaque excess (50.3%). Conclusion: The role of school nursing must identify the factors related to the diagnosis of "tooth decay" to orientate the intervention in students, which encourage dental health as part of their selfcare. The evaluation of dental health is a priority component in the nursing evaluation for students. The defining characteristics of the diagnosis, more frequent in the school student population, were malocclusion and cavities.
Introdução: A abordagem da saúde bucal é uma prioridade para a Organização Mundial de Saúde (OMS) e um fator importante para o desempenho da enfermagem no ambiente escolar. Objetivo: Estabelecer os fatores relacionados à deterioração da dentição em crianças de 6 a 12 anos. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo descritivo, prospectivo, transversal. Amostra total de 197 estudantes primários, amostragem não probabilística por conveniência com idade entre 6 e 12 anos em duas instituições públicas de Bucaramanga, durante 2016. Foi elaborado um questionário para coleta de dados com os 18 fatores relacionados e 15 características definidoras do diagnóstico de enfermagem e da literatura revisada. Resultados: Os fatores relacionados encontrados em maior proporção foram: nível socioeconômico inferior a 74,3% (145), sensibilidade ao frio 68,5% (135), higiene oral ineficaz 56,3% (111) e predisposição genética 51% (100); e as características definidoras mais frequentes foram; má oclusão, mau alinhamento dentário (98,5%); cárie na coroa (70,8%), desgaste dos dentes, erosão do esmalte, desgaste dentário (68,5%), descoloração do esmalte dentário (53,8%) e excesso de placa (50,3%). Conclusão: O papel da escola de enfermagem deve identificar os fatores relacionados ao diagnóstico "deterioração da dentição" para orientar intervenções em escolares que promovam a saúde bucal como parte do autocuidado. A avaliação do estado de saúde bucal é um componente prioritário na avaliação de enfermagem em escolares. As características definidoras do diagnóstico de deterioração de enfermagem da dentição mais freqüentemente encontradas na população infantil avaliada foram a má oclusão e a cárie.
الموضوعات
Nursing Diagnosis , Dentition , School Nursing , Nursing Assessmentالملخص
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) is an inherited metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in enzymes that participate in the degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) such as heparin sulfate and dermatan sulfate. Left untreated, patients show progressive mental and physical deterioration due to deposition of GAGs in organs. Death often occurs due to cardiac or respiratory failure before patients reach their early twenties. MPS has several oral and dental manifestations. An enlarged head, short neck, and open mouth associated with a large tongue are major characteristics of MPS patients. Dental complications can be severe, including unerupted dentition, dentigerous cyst-like follicles, malocclusions, condylar defects, and gingival hyperplasia. A 21-year-old female patient with MPS was described in this article, with special emphasis on oral manifestations and dental treatment.
الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Young Adult , Dental Pulp Cavity , Dentition , Dermatan Sulfate , Gingival Hyperplasia , Glycosaminoglycans , Head , Heparin , Malocclusion , Mouth , Mucopolysaccharidoses , Neck , Oral Manifestations , Respiratory Insufficiency , Root Canal Therapy , Tongueالملخص
PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate patterns of adjacent tooth displacement in the posterior implant with interproximal contact loss (ICL) by 3-D digital superimposition method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Posterior partially edentulous patients, restored with implant fixed partial prostheses before 2011 and suffered from food impaction of ICL between 2009 and 2011, were included. Two dental casts, at the time of delivery and at the time of food impaction in a same patient, was converted into 3-D digital models through scanning and superimposition was performed to assess chronologic changes of the dentition. Directions of tooth displacement were evaluated and the amount of ICL was calculated. Correlations between the amount of ICL and elapsed time, or between the amount of ICL and age after function, were assessed at a significance level of P.05). CONCLUSION: Natural teeth showed various directional movements to result in occlusal change in the arch. The 3-D superimposition of chronologic digital models was a helpful method to analyze the changes of dentition and individual tooth displacement adjacent to implant restoration.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Dental Implants , Dentition , Maxilla , Methods , Prostheses and Implants , Retrospective Studies , Toothالملخص
It is necessary to set the correct occlusal plane and to distribute the occlusal force uniformly considering the state of the opposing dentition during the prosthetic of the single edentulous patient with severe alveolar bone resorption. Implant supported overdenture is superior to complete denture in terms of maintenance and stability, and limited implants are used in fully edentulous patients with high alveolar bone resorption. Telescopic attachments using a newly introduced material based on poly-aryl-ether-ketone (PAEK) have the advantages of typical telescopic copping, excellent abrasion resistance, and are lighter and more economical than conventional implant overdentures. In this case, we restored maxillary arch with a implant retained overdenture using the telescopic attachment made of Pekkton and the mandible was restored with fixed implant prosthesis. Through these procedures esthetic aspects and functional outcomes were satisfactorily achieved.
الموضوعات
Humans , Bite Force , Bone Resorption , Dental Occlusion , Dentition , Denture, Complete , Denture, Overlay , Mandible , Maxilla , Prostheses and Implantsالملخص
The anterior guidance is one of the important factors in prosthodontic treatment of anterior teeth. The lingual surface shape of anterior restorations is so critical that small errors of treatment procedure can cause discomfort of the patient and disharmony of the dentition. If the anterior restorations are achieved harmonious anterior guidance through the fabrication and adjustment of provisional restorations, it is important to accurately reproduce the lingual surface shape of provisional restorations as the final prosthesis. In this case report, it was used the modified Dahl principle and copy-milled technique of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for systematic diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we tried to reconstruct the restoration shape more precisely by setting the appropriate anterior guidance and superimposing the digital image of the abutment teeth and the provisional restorations. Thus, by promoting functional and esthetic recovery, this case report demonstrates satisfying results to both the patients and dentist.