الملخص
RESUMEN Se presenta a un paciente que ingresó en el antiguo Hospital Provincial Clínico Quirúrgico Docente "José Ramón López Tabrane", de Matanzas. El motivo del ingreso fue una proptosis ocular derecha de instauración súbita en el curso de la infección-enfermedad por VIH-sida. Se le realizaron múltiples estudios para poder definir la causa, y, pese a imponer tratamiento oportuno, falleció a los 15 días del mismo. La epidemia de sida continúa creciendo mundialmente. El conocimiento de las manifestaciones oculares; tanto las alteraciones del segmento anterior como las del posterior, y las infecciones asociadas, permiten mayor posibilidad de preservar la función visual en estos pacientes (AU).
ABSTRACT We present the case of a patient who entered the former Provincial Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital "José Ramón López Tabrane", of Matanzas. The cause of admission was a sudden right ocular proptosis in the course of an HIV-AIDS infection-disease. Many different studies were carried out to define the cause, and although he was timely treated, he died 15 days after the treatment. The AIDS epidemic is still growing around the world. The knowledge of ocular manifestations, the alterations of the anterior segment as much as the alterations of the posterior one, and the associated infections allow a higher possibility of preserving the visual function in these patients (AU).
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , HIV/pathogenicity , Eye Manifestations , Eye Infections/complications , Eye Infections/mortality , Disease , Risk Factors , Posterior Eye Segment/pathology , Anterior Eye Segment/pathologyالملخص
Infectious keratitis is a fairly common entity in India. However while paying attention to the primary entity, the associated events may be overlooked. Enhanced pain usually suggests a worsening of the condition or development of associated problems like secondary glaucoma. However, contrary to logic, a sudden decrease in pain is also likely to suggest a worsening, e.g. perforation of the corneal ulcer. Various such problems with their management are outlined.
الموضوعات
Corneal Ulcer/complications , Eye Infections/complications , First Aid , Humansالملخص
This article is a review on research prospectives in this subject. Ophthamomyiasis is the term applied to the infestation of the eye by larvae [maggots] of flies of the order Diptera, family Oestridae. On the basis of site of infestation, ophthalmomyiasis may be classified as external, internal and orbital ophthalmomyiasis. The likelihood of human ocular myiasis is higher in persons living in close proximity with infested animals, and under conditions of poor hygiene. Optic atrophy and visual loss in few cases however, may occur
الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Diagnosis, Differential , Disease Management , Myiasis , Diptera , Larva , Eye Infections/etiology , Eye Infections/complications , Hygiene , Optic Atrophy , Vision, Lowالملخص
OBJECTIVE: To assess prevalence and causes of corneal blindness in four hospitals in Thailand and to compare the causes between hospitals. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective chart review of six hundred and sixty four patients records with best-corrected visual acuity not better than 6/60 in at least one eye due to corneal disease in Siriraj, Mettapracharak, Sappasitthiprasong and Banmee Hospitals in a one-year period were reviewed. The collected data included age, sex, laterality, causes of corneal blindness, and prognosis. RESULTS: Seven hundred and sixty nine eyes with corneal blindness and a median age of 55.0 years were reviewed Leading causes of cornea blindness were corneal infection (35.6%), surgical bullous keratopathy (27.8%), and trauma (14.0%). The prevalence at Siriraj Hospital was 1.7% (498/28,728 patients). Most of the treatable cases (84.6%) underwent penetrating keratoplasty procedures and 73% of patients had a chance of recovery. CONCLUSION: Corneal infection and surgical bullous keratopathy were the leading causes of corneal blindness.
الموضوعات
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Blindness/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Corneal Diseases/epidemiology , Corneal Opacity/complications , Eye Infections/complications , Female , Hospitals, Public , Humans , Infant , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/adverse effects , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Thailand/epidemiologyالملخص
Blindness accounts for almost 7 million Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYS). Considering its importance ICMR has been continually conducting research in ophthalmology starting from the first nationwide blindness survey in 1970s till date. In addition ICMR also has mechanisms of sponsoring research by interested individuals which involve adhoc research schemes and fellowships. The details of these mechanisms and some of the results of major ICMR projects are presented. The identified new thrust areas and the coordinators for these are also listed.
الموضوعات
Academies and Institutes/organization & administration , Blindness/etiology , Cataract/complications , Clinical Trials as Topic , Eye Infections/complications , Glaucoma/complications , Health Policy/legislation & jurisprudence , Humans , India/epidemiology , Research/methodsالملخص
O abuso de colírios é atualmente um problema potencialmente sério, que pode resultar em danos importantes da visão quando usados ou indicados incorretamente. Com o objetivo de verificas a indicação indevida destas drogas, foram visitadas 100 farmácias de Porto Alegre, que atendiam clientes que se queixavam de sensação dolorosa e ardência em um dos olhos. Das farmácias consultadas, 31 indicaram colírios com nafazolina + berberina ou nafazolina + zinco, 22 indicaram anestésicos tópicos e apenas 10 recomendaram consulta com oftalmologista
الموضوعات
Humans , Eye Infections/complications , Ophthalmic Solutions , Nonprescription Drugs , Pharmacy Techniciansالملخص
Diversas especialidades médicas, em maior ou menor grau, estäo se deparando com a AIDS, envolvidas nos planos diagnósticos, terapêuticos, profiláticos e de investigaçäo. O oftalmologista tem papel de destaque no diagnóstico e na orientaçäo terapêutica de algumas condiçöes clínicas da AIDS. As complicaçöes oculares mais comuns nos pacientes com AIDS decorrem, quase sempre, da exacerbaçäo de processos infecciosos latentes, adquiridos em época anterior à imunodepressäo. Essas infecçöes tendem a se disseminar, causando manifestaçöes sistêmicas variadas, com quadros clínicos nem sempre característicos. O acometimento ocular é uma mera manifestaçäo local da disseminaçäo do processo e a avaliaçäo oftalmológica auxilia no estabelecimento do diagnóstico, uma vez que as alteraçöes verificadas no exame fundoscópico podem ser indicativas da etiologia do processo. Nesse sentido, é feita uma revisäo de alguns aspectos da AIDS que podem ser do interesse do oftalmologista.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Eye Infections/complications , Ophthalmology , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Eye Infections/diagnosis , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complicationsالموضوعات
Humans , Eye Infections/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use , Cytomegalovirus Infections/drug therapy , Eye Infections/drug therapy , HIV Infections/complications , Quality of Life , Retinitis/drug therapy , Retinitis/microbiologyالملخص
Se estudió el fondo de ojo de recién nacidos y se comunican los hallazgos: 12% de hemorragias y un caso de coriorretinitis por toxoplasmosis confirmada. Se discuten las causas probables de las hemorragias y se revisa la literatura pertinente.
الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , History, 20th Century , Eye Hemorrhage/pathology , Eye Infections/complications , Fundus Oculi , Retinal Hemorrhage/pathology , Toxoplasmosis/pathologyالملخص
Estudio comparativo entre un grupo de 40 ninos con disminucion de la agudeza visual y otro similar en tamano, edad y escolaridad, sin disminucion de la agudeza visual, para identificar los factores de riesgo para alteraciones de la vision. La informacion se recolecto mediante una untrevista estructurada a los padres que permitio identificar signos y sintomas de antecedentes de infeccion ocular, estrabismo, e iluminacion habitual del lugar donde el nino ve television. Para registrar los datos, se empleo un formato previamente disenado que facilito el analisis. El riesgo, se estudio cualitativamente en forma separada y posteriormente se establecieron relaciones de asociacion por razon de disparidad y prueba de significancia. En referencia a infeccion ocular se encontro asociacion con disminucion de la agudeza visual, pero fue mayor entre esta y estrabismo. No se encontro significativo como factor de riesgo el ver television con la luz ambiental apagada. Estos hallazgos revelan la importancia de reforzar los habitos higienicos en la familia y en el nino, y de ensenar a los padres a detectar tempranamente infeccion ocular y estrabismo como estrategias para prevenir la disminucion de la agudeza visual en escolares
الموضوعات
Child , Humans , Male , Female , Vision Disorders , Vision Screening , Visual Acuity , Eye Infections/complications , Eye Infections/diagnosis , Eye/anatomy & histology , Eye/physiology , Radiation, Nonionizing/adverse effects , Risk Factors , Strabismus/complicationsالملخص
O trabalho realizado pela equipe com aplicação das tecnicas simples de tratamento e prevenções dos problemas oculares, mostrou-se de grande validade visto que em reavaliações posteriores pode-se constatar grande melhora no ressecamento da cornea e menor frequencia de irritações oculares. Valeu tambem pela conscientização dos pacientes que passaram a procurar sistematicamente o serviço aos menores sinais de problemas percebidos e para remoçãodos cilios na triquiase. Os proprios pacientes passaram a procurar o serviço para obtenção dos colirios lubrificantes dos olhos ressecados e dos portadores de lagoftalmo conseguiu-se que usassem o protetor ocular noturno fornecido. Ofereceu tambem aos profissionais oportunidade para aprofundar os conhecimentos na area de oftalmologia na hanseniase e perceber o quanto po ser feitocom medidas silples. Ampliou o campo de atuação do enfermeiro e aumentou a conficança do paciente e do corpo clinico no trabalho da equipe de enfermagem oftalmologica.