الملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze and compare the efficacy of recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO) and recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) in the treatment of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in acute leukemia patients.@*METHODS@#180 patients with acute leukemia complicated with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University were analyzed retrospectively. Among them, 50 patients who treated with rhTPO and did not receive platelet transfusion were set as group A, 50 patients treated with rhTPO and receive platelet transfusion were set as group B, Forty patients treated with rhIL-11 without platelet transfusion were set as group C, Forty patients who treated with rhIL-11 and received platelet transfusion were set as group D. The duration of PLT below 20×109/L, the days it takes for PLT to recover to more than 100×109/L, and the incidence of different bleeding degrees were compared among several groups.@*RESULTS@#The duration of PLT<20×109/L in group A(3.72±1.14 d) was significantly shorter than that in group C(4.93±1.33 d) (P<0.001), and there was no significant difference from group B (P>0.05). The duration of PLT<20×109/L in group B(3.06±0.91 d) was significantly shorter than that in group D(4.65±0.98 d) (P<0.001), while the difference in duration of days between group C and D was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The times for PLT to recover to 100×109/L in group A(13.46±1.67 d) were significantly shorter than that in group C(16.85±2.13 d) (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference from group B (P>0.05). The time required for PLT to recover to 100×109/L in group B(13.36±1.49 d) were significantly shorter than that in group D(16.18±1.78 d) (P<0.05), while the difference in the days required for group C and group D was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The incidence of high bleeding risk in group B was significantly lower than that in group A (22% vs 44%, P<0.05), the incidence of high bleeding risk in group D was significantly lower than that in group C (32% vs 65%, P<0.05), and the incidence of high bleeding risk in group A was significantly lower than that in group C (44% vs 65%, P<0.05). The incidence of high bleeding risk in group B(22%) was lower than that in group D(32.5%), and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#In the treatment of acute leukemia patients with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy, compared with rhIL-11, rhTPO can significantly shorten the duration for patients in a status with extremely low levels of PLT and the recovery time of PLT to normal range. In addition, PLT transfusion cannot speed up the time for patients to raise platelets to a safe range, nor can it shorten the duration of low PLT levels, but it can reduce the incidence of high bleeding risk events.
الموضوعات
Humans , Interleukin-11 , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Platelet Count , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Thrombocytopenia , Thrombopoietin/therapeutic useالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the relationship between serum miR-34a level and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).@*METHODS@#A total of 69 eligible DLBCL patients who received chemotherapy in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020 were prospectively included as the research subjects, all patients received R-CHOP 21 regimen (rituximab + cyclophosphamide + adriamycin + vincristine + prednisone) for chemotherapy, 3 weeks was 1 cycle, and 2 cycles of chemotherapy were used. The patients were divided into a reduction group and a non reduction group according to whether there was thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy, the general data and laboratory indexes of the two groups were investigated and compared, the relationship between serum miR-34a before chemotherapy and thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in patients was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 69 DLBCL patients, 36 patients developed thrombocytopenia after 2 cycles of R-CHOP 21 regimen for chemotherapy, the incidence was 52.17%; the level of serum IL-11 and the relative expression of miR-34a mRNA in the reduction group were significantly lower than the non reduction group (P<0.05), compared other data between groups, there was no statistical significant difference (P>0.05); after Logistic regression analysis, the results showed that the level of serum IL-11 and the relative expression of miR-34a mRNA were related to thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients, low expression of each index may be a risk factor of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients (OR>1, P<0.05); ROC curve was drawn, and the results showed that the AUC of serum IL-11 level and miR-34a mRNA relative expression before chemotherapy alone and in combination predicted the risk of thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients were all >0.80, and the predictive value was ideal, when the cut-off value of serum IL-11 level before chemotherapy was 42.094 pg/ml, and the cut-off value of miR-34a mRNA relative expression was 3.894, the combined prediction value was the best.@*CONCLUSION@#The relative expression of miR-34a mRNA is associated with thrombocytopenia after chemotherapy in DLBCL patients, which may be a risk factor for thrombocytopenia in patients after chemotherapy, has certain value in predicting the risk of thrombocytopenia of patients after chemotherapy.
الموضوعات
Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Cyclophosphamide , Doxorubicin , Interleukin-11/therapeutic use , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/genetics , MicroRNAs/genetics , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Prognosis , RNA, Messenger , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Thrombocytopenia , Vincristineالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the intervention effect of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) and recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the duration and severity of agranulocytosis in patients with hematological malignancies after chemotherapy, and to analyze the influencing factors.@*METHODS@#The data of hematological malignancy patients treated with rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF after chemotherapy in the hematology department of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University from July 2017 to July 2020 were collected retrospectively. The duration and differences of agranulocytosis in differeent groups were compared by univariate analysis, and the influencing factors of agranulocytosis duration were further analyzed by multiple regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#The duration of agranulocytosis in 97 patients was 6.47±2.93 days. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were no statistical differences in the duration of agranulocytosis among patients with different sex, age, height, weight, body surface area, body mass index (BMI), dose of rhG-CSF, dose of rhIL-11, spontaneous bleeding after administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11, and the duration of agranulocytosis in patients with different red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin(HGB) level, platelet count (PLT) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC), before administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11. There were significant differences in agranulocytosis time among patients with different disease types, chemotherapy cycle, fever after rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 administration, and different white blood cell count (WBC) baseline level before rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 administration (P<0.05). Compared with patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) had the longest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 7.07±3.05 d. Compared with patients with chemotherapy cycles of 4-6 and ≥7, patients with total chemotherapy cycle of 1-3 had the shortest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 5.25±2.48 d. Compared with patients without fever, patients with fever within 1 day after administration of cytokines and patients with fever within 2-5 days after administration of cytokines, the duration of agranulocytosis was the longest in patients with fever 6 days after administration of cytokines, which was 8.85±2.85 d. Compared with patients with WBC baseline <1.0×109/L, (1.0-1.9)×109/L and (2.0-3.9)×109/L, patients with WBC baseline ≥4.0×109/L had the shortest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 4.50±2.56 d. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that chemotherapy cycle, different fever after administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11, diagnosis of ALL and NHL, and WBC baseline level before administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 were the influencing factors of the duration of agranulocytosis (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The risk of prolonged agranulocytosis is higher in patients diagnosed with AML, with more chemotherapy cycles, lower WBC baseline before cytokines administration and fever later after cytokines administration, which should be paid more attention to.
الموضوعات
Humans , Agranulocytosis , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use , Hematologic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Interleukin-11 , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Recombinant Proteins/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studiesالملخص
PURPOSE: Our aim was to detect the potential role of interleukin 11 (IL-11) in the development of chemo-resistance in gastric cancer and to reveal the mechanism involved in the process. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Here, we used flow cytometry to examine the percentage of cancer-associated-fibroblasts in tumor samples from chemo-resistant and -sensitive gastric cancer patients. Using MTT assay, we detected the cell viability under different conditions. Using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, we determined the target expressions in mRNA and protein levels. We also performed immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence to detect the target proteins under different conditions. Animal models were constructed to verify the potential role of IL-11 in chemo-resistant develop in vivo. RESULTS: Herein, we observed enriched cancer associated fibroblasts in drug resistant tumor tissues from gastric patients. Those fibroblasts facilitate the chemotherapeutic drugs resistance development through the secretion of IL-11, which activates the IL-11/IL-11R/gp130/JAK/STAT3 anti-apoptosis signaling pathway in gastric cancer cells. We found that the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs and JAK inhibitor overcomes the resistance and increases the survival of mice with gastric cancer xenografts. CONCLUSION: Ourresults demonstrated that IL-11 contributed to the obtain ofresistance to chemotherapy drugs through gp130/JAK/STAT3/Bcl2 pathway, and targeting the IL-11 signaling pathway induced by fibroblasts might be a promising strategy to overcome the multi-drugs resistant cancer in clinic.
الموضوعات
Animals , Humans , Mice , Blotting, Western , Cell Survival , Drug Resistance , Drug Therapy , Fibroblasts , Flow Cytometry , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Heterografts , Immunohistochemistry , Interleukin-11 , Models, Animal , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , RNA, Messenger , Stomach Neoplasmsالملخص
To observe the expression changes of interleukin-11 (IL-11) and its receptor in mice with pulmonary fibrosis. Methods: C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group and a bleomycin (BLM) group (6 mice per group). BLM was injected into mice to induce idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, while 50 μL PBS was injected into the control rats. The lung tissue was collected 21 d later. HE staining was used to observe morphological changes in lung tissue. Real-time PCR was used to detect IL-11 and its receptor gene expression. Western blot and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect IL-11 receptor expression. ELISA was used to detect the content of serum IL-11 in mice. In addition, the gene and protein expression of IL-11 receptor in mouse fibroblasts were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Results: HE staining showed a significant change in pulmonary fibrosis in mice 21 d after BLM injection. The IL-11 mRNA expression in lung and IL-11 level in serum were up-regulated. The gene and protein expression of IL-11 receptor in mice with pulmonary fibrosis were significantly increased. The results from the cell experiments showed that the gene and protein expression of IL-11 receptor in mouse fibroblasts were significantly increased by TGF-β1. Conclusion: The expression of IL-11 and its receptor are up-regulated in mice with pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM, which might be an important mechanism for the development of pulmonary fibrosis.
الموضوعات
Animals , Mice , Rats , Bleomycin , Gene Expression Regulation , Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis , Interleukin-11 , Genetics , Lung , Metabolism , Mice, Inbred C57BLالملخص
Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand play a central role in OC differentiation, which is also termed osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclastogenic cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-34, promote OC differentiation, whereas anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, including interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-27, and IL-33, downregulate OC differentiation. Therefore, dynamic regulation of osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines is important in maintaining the balance between bone-resorbing OCs and bone-forming osteoblasts (OBs), which eventually affects bone integrity. This review outlines the osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic properties of cytokines with regard to osteoimmunology, and summarizes our current understanding of the roles these cytokines play in osteoclastogenesis.
الموضوعات
Cytokines , Homeostasis , Interferons , Interleukin-1 , Interleukin-10 , Interleukin-11 , Interleukin-12 , Interleukin-15 , Interleukin-17 , Interleukin-23 , Interleukin-27 , Interleukin-3 , Interleukin-33 , Interleukin-4 , Interleukin-6 , Interleukin-7 , Interleukin-8 , Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor , Necrosis , Osteoblasts , Osteoclasts , RANK Ligandالملخص
Chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) is a common side-effect of chemotherapy in cancer patients, which lead to dose and cycle reduction or chemotherapy delay, or even the need of platelet transfusion. Therefore, CIT significantly increases the cost of treatment, reduces the efficacy of chemotherapy and the quality of life, and shortens the survival time of patients. The main treatments of CIT include transfusion of platelets, recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO), and recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11). RhIL-11 is the first approved thrombocytopoietic cytokine. Interleukin-11 has been shown to be effective in the treatment of thrombocytopenia. RhTPO is a recombinant full-length glycosylated thrombopoietin, which is a ligand for c-Mpl protein. Several observations indicated that administration of rhTPO before and after chemotherapy might be beneficial to patients, which enhances platelet recovery and reduces thrombocytopenia after moderately myelosuppressive regimens. In recent years, the application of rhTPO in CIT treatment has dramatically changed the management and treatment plan of CIT. The China Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) published a consensus on CIT in 2014. Based on this, the expert committee updated "Consensus on clinical diagnosis, treatment and prevention management of chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia in China (2018)" according to the recent literature and clinical research. The new evidence-based practice consensus for CIT aims to provide more reasonable diagnosis, treatment of prevention regimens for CIT patients to maintain the normal platelet counts.
الموضوعات
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Blood Platelets , China , Consensus , Interleukin-11 , Therapeutic Uses , Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Platelet Count , Platelet Transfusion , Quality of Life , Receptors, Thrombopoietin , Recombinant Proteins , Therapeutic Uses , Thrombocytopenia , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Mortality , Thrombopoietin , Therapeutic Usesالملخص
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is known to play a critical role in breast cancer metastasis to bone. In this study, we tried to investigate any role of LPA in the regulation of osteoclastogenic cytokines from breast cancer cells and the possibility of these secretory factors in affecting osteoclastogenesis. Effect of secreted cytokines on osteoclastogenesis was analyzed by treating conditioned media from LPA-stimulated breast cancer cells to differentiating osteoclasts. Result demonstrated that IL-8 and IL-11 expression were upregulated in LPA-treated MDA-MB-231 cells. IL-8 was induced in both MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468, however, IL-11 was induced only in MDA-MB-231, suggesting differential LPARs participation in the expression of these cytokines. Expression of IL-8 but not IL-11 was suppressed by inhibitors of PI3K, NFkB, ROCK and PKC pathways. In the case of PKC activation, it was observed that PKCδ and PKCμ might regulate LPA-induced expression of IL-11 and IL-8, respectively, by using specific PKC subtype inhibitors. Finally, conditioned Medium from LPA-stimulated breast cancer cells induced osteoclastogenesis. In conclusion, LPA induced the expression of osteolytic cytokines (IL-8 and IL-11) in breast cancer cells by involving different LPA receptors. Enhanced expression of IL-8 by LPA may be via ROCK, PKCu, PI3K, and NFkB signaling pathways, while enhanced expression of IL-11 might involve PKCδ signaling pathway. LPA has the ability to enhance breast cancer cells-mediated osteoclastogenesis by inducing the secretion of cytokines such as IL-8 and IL-11.
الموضوعات
Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Culture Media, Conditioned , Cytokines , Interleukin-11 , Interleukin-8 , Neoplasm Metastasis , Osteoclasts , Receptors, Lysophosphatidic Acidالملخص
Therapy for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has changed, with several new agents being evaluated. The era of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) antibody therapy saw remarkable progress in IBD therapy. Some patients, however, do not respond to anti-TNF treatment, or their response decreases over time. This phenomenon highlights the need to identify new molecular targets for therapy in IBD. The targets of new therapeutic molecules in IBD must aim to restore immune dysregulation by the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, interleukin [IL]-6, IL-13, IL-17, IL-18, and IL-21) and augmentation of the effect of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10, IL-11, and transforming growth factor β) and to pursue new anti-inflammatory targets, such as regulatory T-cell therapy, Smad7 antisense, Janus-activated kinase inhibition, Toll-like receptor stimulation, leukocyte adhesion, and blockade of T-cell homing via integrins and mucosal addressin cellular adhesion molecule-1. In addition, potential molecular targets could restore mucosal barrier function and stimulate mucosal healing. Despite these potential targets, the value and clinical significance of most new molecules remain unclear, and clinical efficacy and safety must be better defined before their implementation in clinical practice. This article aims to review the promising and emerging molecular targets that could be clinically meaningful for novel therapeutic approaches.
الموضوعات
Humans , Biological Products , Colitis, Ulcerative , Crohn Disease , Cytokines , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Integrins , Interleukin-11 , Interleukin-13 , Interleukin-17 , Interleukin-18 , Interleukins , Leukocytes , Necrosis , Phosphotransferases , T-Lymphocytes , Toll-Like Receptors , Transforming Growth Factors , Treatment Outcomeالملخص
PURPOSE: Oral wound healing requires gingival fibroblasts to respond to local growth factors. Epigenetic silencing through DNA methylation can potentially decrease the responsiveness of gingival fibroblasts to local growth factors. In this study, our aim was to determine whether the inhibition of DNA methylation sensitized gingival fibroblasts to transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). METHODS: Gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza), a clinically approved demethylating agent, before stimulation with TGF-β1. Gene expression changes were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. DNA methylation was detected by methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes and PCR amplification. RESULTS: We found that 5-aza enhanced TGF-β1-induced interleukin-11 (IL11) expression in gingival fibroblasts 2.37-fold (P=0.008). 5-aza had no significant effects on the expression of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4) and NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). Consistent with this, 5-aza caused demethylation of the IL11 gene commonly next to a guanosine (CpG) island in gingival fibroblasts. The TGF-β type I receptor kinase inhibitor SB431542 impeded the changes in IL11 expression, indicating that the effects of 5-aza require TGF-β signaling. 5-aza moderately increased the expression of TGF-β type II receptor (1.40-fold; P=0.009), possibly enhancing the responsiveness of fibroblasts to TGF-β1. As part of the feedback response, 5-aza increased the expression of the DNA methyltransferases 1 (DNMT1) (P=0.005) and DNMT3B (P=0.002), which are enzymes responsible for gene methylation. CONCLUSIONS: These in vitro data suggest that the inhibition of DNA methylation by 5-aza supports TGF-β-induced IL11 expression in gingival fibroblasts.
الموضوعات
DNA Methylation , DNA , Epigenomics , Fibroblasts , Gene Expression , Guanosine , In Vitro Techniques , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins , Interleukin-11 , Methylation , Methyltransferases , NADPH Oxidases , Phosphotransferases , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Proteoglycans , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Wound Healingالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the therapeutic efficacy of multigly-cosidorum Tripterygium combined with rhIL-11 for treating patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 75 patients with ITP were divided into 2 group: experimental group and control group. The experimental group included 40 patients who had been treated with multigly-cosidorum Tripterygium combined with rhIL-11. Multigly-cosidorum Tripterygium was given at a dose of 1mg/kg·d for 2 months and rhIL-11 was injected at a dose of 16,000,000 units per day. Control group included 35 patients who had been treated with prednisone at a dose of 1 mg/kg·d. Platelet counts were performed every day before platelet counts >30 × 10⁹/L. Peripheral blood T cells were collected before and after treated for 2 months. The ratios of CD4⁺, CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally effective rate in experimental group was 77.5%. Totally effective rate in control group was 82.9%. Totally effective rate showed no statistical difference between these two groups (P > 0.05). The average time of platelet count 30 × 10⁹/L in experimental and control groups were 13.06 ± 6.10 days and 9.76 ± 5.71 days respectively; in experimental group, the ratio of CD4⁺ T cells in peripheral blood was 21.03% before treatment, then rised to 34.49% after treatment for 2 months (P < 0.01); The ratio of CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood was 26.35% before treatment, then decreased to 20.18% (P < 0.01). In control group, the ratio of CD4⁺ T cells was 22.30% before treatment, then rised to 25.11% after treatment for 2 months (P < 0.05); The ratio of CD8⁺ T cells in peripheral blood was 27.24% before treatment, then decreased to 21.35% (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multigly-cosidorum tripterygium can correct disorder of T lymphocytes, the combination of multigly-cosidorum triptergium and rhIL-11 can accelerate therapeutic efficacy for treating ITP and with less adverse reaction, so this combination may be effective and safe for treating patients with ITP.</p>
الموضوعات
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Interleukin-11 , Therapeutic Uses , Platelet Count , Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic , Drug Therapy , Recombinant Proteins , Therapeutic Uses , T-Lymphocytes , Tripterygium , Chemistryالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) on the proliferation and apoptosis of rat intestinal epithelial cell line (IEC-6).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>IEC-6 cells were treated with LPS to establish necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) model in vitro. rhIL-11 (100 ng/mL) was administered following LPS treatment and these cells were used as the IL-11 treatment group. The cells treated with normal saline only served as the control group. MTT assay was used to determine an optimal concentration (5-200 μg/mL) and time (1-24 h). MTT assay was used to measure the proliferation of IEC-6 cells at 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours after rhIL-11 treatment. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the apoptosis of IEC-6 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>IEC-6 cells treated with various concentrations of LPS at various time points showed a lower proliferation than the control group (P<0.05). After 9 hours of rhIL-11 treatment, the proliferation activity of IEC-6 cells in the IL-11 treatment group significantly increased compared with the NEC model group without rhIL-11 treatment (P<0.05), reaching to the level of the control group. The total apoptotic and necrotic rate of IEC-6 cells in the IL-11 treatment group decreased significantly compared with the NEC model group without rhIL-11 treatment (P<0.01), but were still higher than the control group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>rhIL-11 can promote proliferation and reduce apoptotic and necrotic rates of IEC-6 cells treated with LPS.</p>
الموضوعات
Animals , Rats , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Interleukin-11 , Pharmacology , Intestinal Mucosa , Pathology , Lipopolysaccharides , Pharmacology , Necrosis , Recombinant Proteins , Pharmacologyالملخص
Although interleukin-11 (IL-11) has been reported to be elevated in hypoxic tumors and has been associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers, little is known about its precise role in promoting metastasis in hypoxic tumors. In the present study, the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of IL-11 on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells migration and invasion in relation to metastasis under hypoxic conditions has been defined. Inhibition of IL-11 expression or function using small interfering RNA (siRNA) or a neutralizing antibody attenuated hypoxic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell migration and invasion through down-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related gene expression. In addition, hypoxia-induced IL-11 increased STAT3 phosphorylation and STAT3 knockdown suppressed hypoxic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell invasion due to reduced MMP levels and reprogrammed EMT-related gene expression. These results suggest that one of the hypoxic metastasis pathways and the regulation of this pathway could be a potential target for novel cancer therapeutics.
الموضوعات
Hypoxia , Antibodies, Neutralizing , Axis, Cervical Vertebra , Breast Neoplasms , Cell Movement , Down-Regulation , Gene Expression , Interleukin-11 , Matrix Metalloproteinases , Neoplasm Metastasis , Phosphorylation , Prognosis , RNA, Small Interferingالملخص
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression of IL-2 and IL-11 and its significance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).@*METHODS@#A total of 48 active AS patients in our hospital and 40 normal control subjects were selected in our study. Bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index (BASDAI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index (BASFI), Bath ankylosing spondylitis metrology index (BASMI), ESR and CRP expression levels were compared before treatment, 12 h after treatment and 24 h after treatment. IL-2 and IL-11 expression were also compared between these two groups.@*RESULTS@#The BASDAI score, BASFI score and BASMI score of the AS patients before treatment significantly decreased compared with those 12 weeks and 24 weeks after treatment (P0.05). Pearson's linear-correlation analysis showed that serum IL-2 level had a positive correlation with BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, ESR and CRP (r=0.661,0.547,0.474,0.362,0.416, P<0.05) and serum IL-11 level had a negative correlation with BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, ESR and CRP (r=-0.629, -0.412, -0.422, -0.387, -0.408, -0.315, P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Serum levels of IL-2 in active AS patients significantly increase and will decrease after treatment. However, serum levels of IL-11 significantly decrease and will increase after treatment, which indicates that serum IL-2 has a positive correlation with the degree of AS and serum IL-11 has a negative correlation with the degree of AS, both of which are correlated closely with the onset of AS.
الموضوعات
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal , Therapeutic Uses , Blood Sedimentation , C-Reactive Protein , Metabolism , Case-Control Studies , Interleukin-11 , Blood , Interleukin-2 , Blood , Linear Models , Severity of Illness Index , Spondylitis, Ankylosing , Blood , Drug Therapyالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of recombinant human interleukin 11 (rhIL-11) on hematological recovery after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) in patients with lymphoma.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was carried out on 73 patients with lymphoma after AHSCT. The patients were divided into two groups. The study group (n = 35) received rhIL-11 1.5 mg daily from the fifth day after AHSCT to the day when platelets recovering to 80.0×10⁹/L. The control group (n = 38) did not receive rhIL-11 after AHSCT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 73 patients finished AHSCT from Mar 2003 to Dec 2008 in our department. Thirty-five patients received rhIL-11 and 38 patients did not. In the rhIL-11 group and control group, the nadir of platelet was (18.9 ± 5.0)×10⁹/L and (21.5 ± 6.0)×10⁹/L, respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.04). The median time of platelet recovering to 50.0×10⁹/L was (14.3 ± 5.5) d and (13.2 ± 4.5) d (P = 0.37) in the two groups. There was no significant difference (P = 0.82) in the median numbers of platelet transfusion in the two groups. The curves of the mean of daily absolute platelet counts of the two groups were similar (P = 0.22). Adverse events related to rhIL-11 were not found in the rhIL-11 group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of this study do not show obviously accelerating effect of rhIL-11 on the platelet recovery in lymphoma patients after AHSCT and obvious increase of adverse events after rhIL-11 administration.</p>
الموضوعات
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Follow-Up Studies , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Interleukin-11 , Lymphoma , Therapeutics , Platelet Count , Platelet Transfusion , Recombinant Proteins , Retrospective Studies , Transplantation, Autologousالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether signaling through Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) can affect the expression of some cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The gingival fibroblasts were isolated and cultured in vivo, divided into blank control group, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) group and Escherichia coli (Ec) group. mRNA expression levels were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The protein expression levels were detected by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS16.0 software package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>LPS from Pg could stimulate the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) mRNA and protein, which reached the peak (5.87 ± 0.83) at 10 h, and the expression level increased with the increase of the Pg concentration. IL-11 or oncostatin-M (OSM) mRNA expression was not affected by LPS. After treated with Pg for 48 h, the protein expression of IL-6 and LIF was up-regulated, (962 ± 57) ng/L and (47 ± 18) ng/L respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Signaling through TLR-2 controls the expression of cytokines of IL-6 family in human gingival fibroblasts.</p>
الموضوعات
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Young Adult , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Escherichia coli , Chemistry , Fibroblasts , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Gingiva , Cell Biology , Interleukin-11 , Genetics , Metabolism , Interleukin-6 , Genetics , Metabolism , Leukemia Inhibitory Factor , Genetics , Metabolism , Lipopeptides , Pharmacology , Lipopolysaccharides , Pharmacology , Oncostatin M , Genetics , Metabolism , Porphyromonas gingivalis , Chemistry , RNA, Messenger , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Toll-Like Receptor 2الملخص
A DNA fragment encoding recombinant human interleukin 11 (hrIL-11) was obtained by PCR from previously constructed pET24a-hrIL-11 plasmid. Then pET21a-hrIL-11 expression vector was constructed routinely and transformed into BL-21(DE3). By the induction of Isopropyl-1-thio-beta-D-galactoside (IPTG), hrIL-11 protein was highly expressed at about 20% of the total bacterial proteins and was identified by Western blot. After purification with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography and refolding with renaturation buffer, the purity of the target hrIL-11 protein reached 95% and its biology activity was 1 x 10(6) IU/mg, determined by stimulating the proliferation of T1165, which facilitates further researches into effects of IL-11 on platelet proliferation and other function.
الموضوعات
Humans , Escherichia coli , Metabolism , Genetic Vectors , Genetics , Interleukin-11 , Genetics , Metabolism , Recombinant Proteins , Genetics , Metabolismالملخص
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from the bone marrow in acute leukemia patients in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Bone marrow mononuclear cells from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were obtained and cultured in low serum medium. The immunophenotypes were assessed by FACS and immunol histochemistry. The levels of cytokines were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). T-cell suppression ability was evaluated by Transwell chamber assay. Moreover, the immunoregulatory ability of AML- and ALL-derived MSC was detected by mixed lymphocyte culture assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>ALL-derived MSC showed a typical fibroblast-like morphology. They were positive for CD29, CD44 and CD105, the positive rate were 98.81%, 99.25% and 90.52%, respectively, while negative for CD31, CD45 and CD34. Moreover, ALL- and AML-derived MSC didn't express HLA-DR and co-stirnulatory molecules (CD40, CD80 and CD86). ALL and AML derived MSC could secret several cytokines, such as TGF-β1 (567.58 ± 52.64 and 357.15 ± 33.52), HGF (647.27 ± 102.54 and 219.67 ± 62.37), IL-6 (59.67 ± 15.69 and 54.35 ± 12.31) and IL-11 (102.58 ± 23.54 and 78.21 ± 9.67), the level of secretion of TGF-β1 and HGF were higher in ALL bone marrow derived MSC than that of in AML bone marrow derived MSC. ALL and AML derived MSC significantly suppressed T lymphocyte proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, the counts per minute (CPM) were (3.58 ± 0.54) × 10(4), (2.87 ± 0.33) × 10(4), (1.78 ± 0.51) × 10(4) and (1.15 ± 0.15) × 10(4) for AML derived MSC, and CPM were (1.96 ± 0.31) × 10(4), (1.57 ± 0.28) × 10(4), (0.91 ± 0.41) × 10(4) and (0.22 ± 0.11) × 10(4) for ALL derived MSC when MSC were 0.5 × 10(4), 1 × 10(4), 2 × 10(4) and 5 × 10(4). In addition, the CPM was (4.01 ± 0.72) × 10(4) in control group. The immunosuppressive ability was different between MSCs derived from AML and ALL. The immunosuppressive effect of ALL derived MSC could be reversed by anti-TGF-β1 and anti-HGF antibody.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ALL-derived MSC show immunoregulatory effect in vitro and this effect is achieved through cytokines. But MSCs derived from AML display abnormal changes in T-cell suppression ability.</p>
الموضوعات
Humans , Bone Marrow , Allergy and Immunology , Bone Marrow Cells , Cell Biology , Cell Proliferation , Cytokines , Pharmacology , Immunophenotyping , Interleukin-11 , Metabolism , Interleukin-6 , Metabolism , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Allergy and Immunology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Allergy and Immunology , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Metabolismالملخص
PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether the serum concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokines are elevated in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to investigate the relationship between IL-6 family cytokine levels and disease activity in RA patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We obtained serum samples from 40 patients with RA and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, and we assessed the clinical parameters of disease activity, including the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Serum samples from five patients with high disease activity (DAS28 > 5.1) were also collected at the eighth week of treatment. Serum concentrations of IL-6, IL-11, and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Serum concentrations of IL-6 family cytokines, including IL-6, IL-11, and LIF, were significantly elevated in patients with RA compared to those of healthy controls. Although there was no significant relationship between IL-6 family cytokine levels and DAS28, the IL-6 levels of patients with RA showed a significant correlation with CRP levels. After eight weeks of medical treatment in patients with high disease activity, a decrease in DAS28 was associated with a significant decrease in the serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-11. CONCLUSION: The serum concentrations of IL-6 family cytokines were significantly elevated in patients with RA, and they decreased with medical treatment. These findings suggest a possible role for IL-6 family cytokines in the pathogenesis of RA.
الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Arthritis, Rheumatoid/blood , C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Cytokines/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Interleukin-11/blood , Interleukin-6/blood , Leukemia Inhibitory Factor/bloodالملخص
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated changes in gene expressions concerning of differentiation, proliferation, mineralization and inflammation using Human-8 expression bead arrays when white Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and calcium hydroxide-containing cement were applied in vitro to human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: wMTA (white ProRoot MTA, Dentsply) and Dycal (Dentsply Caulk) in a Teflon tube (inner diameter 10 mm, height 1 mm) were applied to HDPCs. Empty tube-applied HDPCs were used as negative control. Total RNA was extracted at 3, 6, 9 and 24 hr after wMTA and Dycal application. The results of microarray were confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Out of the 24,546 genes, 43 genes (e.g., BMP2, FOSB, THBS1, EDN1, IL11, COL10A1, TUFT1, HMOX1) were up-regulated greater than two-fold and 25 genes (e.g., SMAD6, TIMP2, DCN, SOCS2, CEBPD, KIAA1199) were down-regulated below 50% by wMTA. Two hundred thirty nine genes (e.g., BMP2, BMP6, SMAD6, IL11, FOS, VEGFA, PlGF, HMOX1, SOCS2, CEBPD, KIAA1199) were up-regulated greater than two-fold and 358 genes (e.g., EDN1, FGF) were down-regulated below 50% by Dycal. CONCLUSIONS: Both wMTA and Dycal induced changes in gene expressions related with differentiation and proliferation of pulp cells. wMTA induced changes in gene expressions related with mineralization, and Dycal induced those related with angiogenesis. The genes related with inflammation were more expressed by Dycal than by wMTA. It was confirmed that both wMTA and Dycal were able to induce gene expression changes concerned with the pulp repair in different ways.