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1.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 28(4): 786-789, Oct.-Dec. 2019. tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1057974

الملخص

Abstract Platynosomiasis is a hepatopathy caused by Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), which occurs mainly in domestic and wild cats in tropical and subtropical areas. The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of P. illiciens infection in domestic cats in the city of Araguaína, Tocantins, Brazil, using necropsy and coproparasitological tests. Additionally, we aimed to evaluate the use of two different techniques to diagnose P. illiciens infection in domestic cats and verify whether this parasitism was associated with individual feline characteristics. For this, 54 cats of different ages were analyzed. The percentage of infection was 33.3% (CI = 21.1-47.5%), parasite load was 9-509, mean intensity was 151.7, and mean abundance was 50.5 trematodes per animal. The risk of infection was higher for females than for males (OR = 5.00; P = 0.017). The spontaneous sedimentation coproparasitological test demonstrated the greatest sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing P. illiciens. This study is the first to report the occurrence of P. illiciens in cats in the state of Tocantins, northern Brazil.


Resumo A platinosomose é uma hepatopatia causada por Platynosomum illiciens(= P. fastosum) (Trematoda: Dicrocoelidae), que ocorre principalmente em felinos domésticos e selvagens de áreas tropicais e subtropicais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de P. illiciens em gatos domésticos do município de Araguaína, Tocantins, Brasil, por meio de necrópsia e exames coproparasitológicos, bem como avaliar o uso de diferentes técnicas no diagnóstico de P. illiciens em gatos domésticos e verificar a associação da parasitose com características individuais dos felinos. O estudo foi realizado em 54 gatos com diferentes idades, machos e fêmeas. O percentual de infecção foi de 33,3% (IC= 21,1% - 47,5%), a carga parasitária observada foi de 09-509, a intensidade média de 151,7 e a abundância média de 50,5 trematódeos por animal. As fêmeas apresentaram maior chance de infecção do que os machos (OR=5,00; P=0,017). O teste coproparasitológico que demonstrou maior sensibilidade e especificidade foi o de sedimentação espontânea. O presente estudo faz o primeiro relato da ocorrência de P. illiciens em gatos no estado do Tocantins, região Norte do Brasil.


الموضوعات
Animals , Male , Female , Cats , Trematoda/isolation & purification , Trematode Infections/diagnosis , Cat Diseases/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Trematoda/classification , Trematode Infections/parasitology , Trematode Infections/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cat Diseases/epidemiology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Feces/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;50(6): 805-811, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-897028

الملخص

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Despite the advances of disease control programs, severe forms of schistosomiasis are prevalent. The prevalence of the disease in areas frequented by tourists urges for permanent prevention and control. The aim of this study was to describe the morbidity of schistosomiasis in the district of Antônio Pereira, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The proportion of positives was defined by Kato-Katz coproscopy and urinary POC-CCA rapid test. Hepatosplenic form was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasound. RESULTS: Out of 180 participants,97 were examined by Kato-Katz, with 4 (4.1%) being positive. Thirty-four (22.1%) out of 154 were positive by POC-CCA. Five (2.8%) of 177 examined by ultrasound had hepatosplenic form. One of them had undergone splenectomy. One (0.6%)participant had myeloradiculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Severe forms of schistosomiasis are still prevalent in low endemic areas and should be thoroughly investigated.


الموضوعات
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Schistosoma mansoni/isolation & purification , Splenic Diseases/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Splenic Diseases/parasitology , Splenic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Morbidity , Educational Status , Feces/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnostic imaging , Antigens, Helminth/urine
3.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.);63(6): 532-537, June 2017. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-896356

الملخص

Summary Introduction: Thrombocytopenia is commonly found in patients living in highly endemic areas for Schistosoma mansoni. Recently, different degrees of liver steatosis have also been associated with low platelet counts worldwide. We investigated the association of platelet counts with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and with liver steatosis in an area of low prevalence of schistosomiasis in Brazil. Method: Pains, a city in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, had a population of 8,307 inhabitants and a schistosomiasis prevalence of 8%. Four micro-areas comprising 1,045 inhabitants were selected for this study. Blood sample was collected and a complete blood count (CBC) was performed. Eighty-seven (87) patients had low platelet counts (group 1 - 8.3%) and 94 volunteers presenting normal CBC were randomized (group 2 - 8.9%). They underwent clinical and ultrasound examinations. Liver steatosis was determined as either present or absent using abdominal ultrasound. A spleen > 12 cm in length, measured by ultrasound (US), was considered to be increased. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS software version 19.0. Results: Twenty-two patients (22/25.3%) in group 1 had liver steatosis compared with 11 volunteers (11.7%) in group 2 (p=0.02). Hepatosplenic schistosomiasis was diagnosed in two patients (p>0.05). Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia was not a good marker of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni in a low prevalence area in Brazil. Liver steatosis was associated with thrombocytopenia in our study.


Resumo Introdução: Trombocitopenia é um achado comum em pacientes que residem em áreas com alta endemicidade de esquistossomose mansônica. Recentemente, diferentes graus de esteatose hepática também têm sido associados a níveis baixos de plaquetas em todo o mundo. Investigamos a associação de níveis séricos de plaquetas com a forma grave da esquistossomose e com esteatose hepática em área de baixa prevalência de esquistossomose no Brasil. Método: Pains, cidade localizada no estado de Minas Gerais/Brasil, tem população de 8.307 habitantes e prevalência de esquistossomose de 8%. Em quatro microáreas dessa região, 1.045 habitantes foram avaliados para o estudo. Amostra de sangue foi coletada para realização do hemograma. Oitenta e sete (87) pessoas com níveis baixos de plaquetas formaram o grupo 1 (8,3%), e 94 voluntários com hemograma normal foram randomizados para compor o grupo 2 (8,9%). Todos os participantes dos grupos 1 e 2 foram submetidos a exame clínico e ultrassonografia (US) abdominal. Esteatose hepática foi caracterizada como presente ou ausente pela ultrassonografia (US) abdominal. Baços com mais de 12 cm de comprimento à US foram considerados aumentados. Os dados coletados foram analisados pelo programa de estatística SPSS 19.0. Resultados: Vinte e dois (22) indivíduos do grupo 1 (25,3%) e 11 do grupo 2 apresentaram esteatose hepática (11,7%) (p=0,02). Esquistossomose hepatoesplênica foi diagnosticada em dois pacientes (p>0,05). Conclusão: Trombocitopenia não foi um bom marcador de esquistossomose mansônica hepatoesplênica em área de baixa prevalência da esquistossomose no Brasil. Esteatose hepática foi associada com trombocitopenia no presente estudo.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Thrombocytopenia/parasitology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/complications , Biomarkers/blood , Fatty Liver/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Thrombocytopenia/diagnosis , Thrombocytopenia/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Endemic Diseases , Fatty Liver/diagnosis , Fatty Liver/epidemiology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Middle Aged
4.
Rev. bras. parasitol. vet ; 26(1): 54-59, Jan.-Mar. 2017. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: biblio-844128

الملخص

Abstract Platynosomiasis is a common feline hepatic disease caused by Platynosomum fastosum (Trematoda - Dicrocoelidae), which is also known as ‘lizard poisoning’. Most reports of feline platynosomiasis show that this disease is sporadic and manifests with uncommon lesions; its pathogenicity is still not well understood. This study aimed to describe liver injuries and enzymatic changes associated with natural P. fastosum infection in 47 stray cats in an endemic area. Overall, 38.3% (18/47) of cats were parasitized, and 2,358 flukes (P. fastosum) were collected (131 – mean intensity of parasitism; 50.2 – mean abundance). The alanine transaminase (ALT) measure was significantly higher in parasitized animals, while alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed no statistical difference between parasitized and non-parasitized animals. In infected animals, gross pathological lesions and microscopic liver injuries ranged from mild to severe, and were similar to those in previous descriptions of feline platynosomiasis. Nonetheless, the intensity of parasitism was not related to the severity of macroscopic or microscopic hepatic injuries. However, feline platynosomiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of feline liver disorders, as well as, in any program of helminth control, even if no clinical abnormalities are present.


Resumo Platinossomiase é uma doença hepática felina comum causada por Platynosomum fastosum (Trematoda - Dicrocoelidae), também é conhecida como “envenenamento por lagartixa”. A maioria dos relatos de platinossomiase felina mostra que esta doença é esporádica e se manifesta com lesões incomuns; sua patogenicidade ainda não é bem compreendida. Este estudo objetivou descrever as lesões no fígado e alterações enzimáticas associadas à infecção natural por P. fastosum em 47 gatos errantes em uma área endêmica. No total, 38,3% (18/47) dos gatos estavam parasitados, e 2.358 trematódeos (P. fastosum) foram coletados (131 – intensidade média de parasitismo; 50,2 – abundância média). A quantidade de alanina transaminase (ALT) foi significativamente maior nos animais parasitados, enquanto a fosfatase alcalina (ALP) não apresentou diferença estatística entre os animais parasitados e não parasitados. Nos animais infectados, lesões patológicas macroscópicas e microscópicas hepáticas variaram de leve a grave, e foram semelhantes a descrições anteriores de platinossomiase felina. No entanto, a intensidade do parasitismo não foi relacionada à gravidade das lesões hepáticas macroscópicas ou microscópicas. Contudo, a platinossomiase felina deve ser considerada no diagnóstico diferencial de distúrbios hepáticos em felinos, assim como, em qualquer programa de controle de helmintos, mesmo que nenhuma anormalidade clínica esteja presente.


الموضوعات
Animals , Cats , Trematode Infections/veterinary , Cat Diseases/parasitology , Cat Diseases/pathology , Dicrocoeliidae/isolation & purification , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/veterinary , Trematoda , Trematode Infections/enzymology , Trematode Infections/parasitology , Trematode Infections/pathology , Cat Diseases/enzymology , Alanine Transaminase , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/enzymology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology
5.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo;57(1): 39-46, Jan-Feb/2015. tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-736366

الملخص

Introduction: Hepatic capillariosis, caused by Capillaria hepatica (Calodium hepaticum) (Bancroft, 1893), Travassos, 1915 (Nematoda, Trichinelloidea, Capillariidae), is a common zoonosis in rodents but is rare in humans. Seventy-two cases in humans have been reported worldwide since the first case was described by MACARTHUR in 192417,27. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Capillaria hepatica in humans and rodents in an urban area of Porto Velho, the capital of Rondônia, in Brazil. Methods: After conducting a census of the area, 490 residents were randomly selected, and, after signing a term of consent, provided blood samples that were screened for anti-Capillaria hepatica antibodies. Simultaneously, rats were captured to assess the prevalence of this parasite in rodents by histopathological examination in liver sections. Results: A prevalence of 1.8% was found among residents who had specific antibodies at a dilution of 1:150, indicating exposure to parasite eggs; 0.8% of the subjects also had positive titers at a dilution of 1:400, indicating true infection. The prevalence in rats was 2%. Conclusions: The prevalence of infection with this parasite among humans and rats was low. While the prevalence encountered among humans was within the limits reported in the literature, the prevalence among rodents was much lower.


Introdução: Capilaríase hepática é causada pela Capillaria hepatica (syn. Calodium hepaticum) (Bancroft, 1893), Travassos, 1915 (Nematoda, Trichinelloidea, Capillariidae), sendo uma zoonose comum entre roedores, porém rara em humanos. Setenta e dois casos humanos foram relatados na literatura mundial desde o primeiro caso descrito por MACARTHUR em 192417,27. O objetivo desse estudo é determinar a prevalência da Capillaria hepatica em humanos e roedores de área urbana da cidade de Porto Velho, capital de Rondônia, Brasil. Método: Após realizar um censo da área, 490 moradores foram aleatoriamente selecionados e assinaram termo de consentimento, foram colhidas amostras de sangue para testar anticorpos anti-Capillaria hepatica. Simultaneamente, ratos foram capturados para determinação da prevalência deste parasita através do exame histopatológico em cortes de fígado. Resultados: Foi encontrada entre humanos prevalência de 1,8% de positividade para anticorpos específicos em diluição de 1:150, indicando exposição aos ovos do parasito; 0,8% desses também deram testes positivos quando seus soros sofreram diluição de 1:400, indicando infecção verdadeira. Nos ratos, a prevalência foi de 2%. Conclusão: A prevalência encontrada para o parasito entre homens e roedores foi baixa. Enquanto a prevalência encontrada entre humanos esteve dentro dos limites encontrados na literatura, a prevalência entre roedores foi bem menor.


الموضوعات
Humans , Animals , Rats , Capillaria/immunology , Disease Reservoirs , Enoplida Infections/epidemiology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Rodent Diseases/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Enoplida Infections/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Prevalence , Rodent Diseases/epidemiology
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo;56(1): 92-92, Jan-Feb/2014. graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-702068
7.
Bol. malariol. salud ambient ; 51(2): 159-166, dez. 2011. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-630463

الملخص

La infección por Echinococcus sp. es hipoendémica en Venezuela. Sólo cuatro casos de hidatidosis autóctona por E. vogeli han sido reportados, tres de ellos en la región de la Guayana venezolana. En Febrero del año 2009 se realizó el diagnóstico clínico-sero-epidemiológico de hidatidosis poliquística en una paciente femenina de la etnia Yanomami, procedente de Parima B, Alto Orinoco, en la Amazonía venezolana. Se resolvió con tratamiento médico y quirúrgico por laparoscopia y se evidenció en el quiste la presencia de ganchos rostelares compatibles con E. vogeli. En Abril del 2009 en una segunda paciente Yanomami de igual procedencia, se le diagnosticó hidatidosis por E. vogeli siendo operada exitosamente por cirugía laparoscópica asistida por robot. Dos casos humanos en una misma población y la presencia de factores de riesgo como la tenencia de perros domésticos y la comunicación por informantes indígenas del hallazgo de quistes en hígados de animales de cacería (Cuniculus paca o lapa y Dasyprocta sp. o picure), hacen pensar en transmisión activa en la cuenca del Alto Orinoco y en zonas selváticas de la Guayana venezolana. El presente, es el primer registro de casos de hidatidosis poliquística en indígenas de la etnia Yanomami.


Infection by Echinococcus sp. is hypoendemic in Venezuela. Only four cases of autochthonous E. vogeli hydatidosis have been reported, including three in the Venezuelan region of Guayana. In February 2009, based on epidemiological data, signs and symptoms and serological tests, a female patient of the Yanomami ethnic group, was diagnosed with a polycystic hydatid disease in Parima B, Alto Orinoco, in the Venezuelan Amazon. Rostellar hooks compatible with E. vogeli were found in the cyst. It was resolved with medical and surgical treatment by laparoscopy. A second Yanomami patient from the same location was diagnosed with E. vogeli hydatidosis in April 2009, being successfully operated with robot-assisted laparoscopy. Two human cases in the same population and the presence of risk factors such as domestic dog ownership and findings of cysts in livers of hunted animals (such as Cuniculus and Dasyprocta sp.) reported by indigenous informants, suggest active transmission in the Upper Orinoco basin and forested areas of the Venezuelan Guayana. These are the first reported cases of polycystic hydatid disease of the Yanomami ethnic group.


الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/diagnosis , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/epidemiology , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/ethnology , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/parasitology , Echinococcosis, Hepatic/prevention & control , Echinococcosis/diagnosis , Echinococcosis/epidemiology , Echinococcosis/ethnology , Echinococcosis/parasitology , Echinococcosis/transmission , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/ethnology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/prevention & control , Venezuela
8.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo;53(4): 219-222, July.-Aug. 2011. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-598603

الملخص

Human abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by ingestion of the L3 larvae of Angiostrongylus costaricensis. The human infection gives rise to a pathological condition characterized by acute abdominal pain, secondary to an inflammatory granulomatous reaction, marked eosinophilia and eosinophilic vasculitis. Most commonly this disease is limited to intestinal location, primary ileocecal, affecting the mesenteric arterial branches and intestinal walls. We present one of the few cases reported around the world with simultaneous involvement of the intestines and liver, including proved presence of nematodes inside the hepatic arteriole.


La enfermedad conocida como angiostrongiliasis abdominal humana es una zoonosis causada por la ingestión del estadio larval L3 de Angiostrongylus costaricensis. En el ser humano, esta infección provoca un estado patológico caracterizado por dolor abdominal agudo, secundario a una reacción inflamatoria granulomatosa; eosinofilia marcada y vasculitis eosinofílica. Comúnmente el cuadro se encuentra limitado a una localización intestinal, predominantemente ileocecal, que compromete las ramas de la arteria mesentérica y la pared intestinal. Presentamos uno de los pocos casos reportados alrededor del mundo con hallazgos simultáneos en intestino e hígado; se incluye la demostración histológica del nemátodo dentro de la arteriola hepática.


الموضوعات
Adolescent , Animals , Humans , Male , Angiostrongylus/isolation & purification , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Strongylida Infections/pathology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;43(6): 643-646, Nov.-Dec. 2010. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-569423

الملخص

INTRODUCTION: The pathogenesis of septal hepatic fibrosis, induced in rats by Capillaria hepatica infection, was studied with the aid of a large collection of stored paraffin blocks, representative of the different evolutive phases of fibrosis which appeared in 100 percent of infected rats. METHODS: Studies were conducted involving histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and morphometric methods, in order to observe the dynamic behavior of the cellular and matrix components of fibrosis, over a one year period of evolution. RESULTS: Observation verified that septal fibrosis originates from several portal spaces simultaneously. Its origin and progression involve blood vessel proliferation (angiogenesis), multiplication of actin-positive cells (pericytes and myofibroblasts) and progressive collagen deposition. By the end of 4-5 months, a progressive decrease in all these components was observed, when signs of regression of septal fibrosis became more evident over time. CONCLUSIONS: Besides indicating the fundamental role played by angiogenesis in the pathogenesis of fibrosis, these morphological data concerning the dynamics of this C. hepatica experimental model proved to be adequate for future investigations regarding the functional aspects of fibrosis induction, progression and regression.


INTRODUÇÃO: Um extenso material de patologia experimental arquivado em blocos de parafina, ilustrativo das diferentes fases da fibrose hepática septal, que 100 por cento dos ratos desenvolvem em seguida uma infecção com o nematódeo Capillaria hepatica. MÉTODOS: O material foi sistematicamente estudado com métodos morfológicos e morfométricos, no sentido de se verificar o comportamento dos elementos celulares e matriciais durante a evolução da fibrose hepática septal ao longo de um período de um ano. RESULTADOS: Foi constatado que a fibrose septal se origina de vários espaços porta ao mesmo tempo, com proliferação vascular (angiogênese), multiplicação de células actino-positivas (pericitos, miofibroblastas) e progressivo depósito de colágeno. Ao fim dos 4-5 meses há uma involução regressiva de todos estes indícios morfológicos, mas com alguns septos persistindo bem evidentes até o fim de um ano. CONCLUSÕES: Além de ilustrar o papel fundamental desempenhado pela angiogênese, o modelo se mostrou adequado para futuros estudos funcionais relacionados com a indução, progressão e regressão da fibrose hepática.


الموضوعات
Animals , Rats , Capillaria/pathogenicity , Enoplida Infections/parasitology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/parasitology , Liver Cirrhosis/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Disease Models, Animal , Disease Progression , Enoplida Infections/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
10.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;43(5): 504-507, set.-out. 2010. ilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-564283

الملخص

INTRODUCTION: Septal fibrosis of the liver regularly develops in rats infected with the nematode Capillaria hepatica. Curative treatment of the infection prevents the development of septal fibrosis when intervention occurs up to postinfection day (PID) 15, but not later. The present investigation aimed to demonstrate which parasitic factors are present when the process of septal fibrosis can no longer be prevented by curative treatment. METHODS: Wistar rats were infected with 600 embryonated eggs of C. hepatica administered by gavage and treated with ivermectin and mebendazole in separate groups at PIDs 10, 12, 15, 17 or 20. Rats from each group and their nontreated controls, were killed and examined 40 days after the end of treatment. RESULTS: Findings by PID 15 were compatible with the stage of complete maturation of infection, when worms and eggs were fully developed and a complex host-parasite multifocal necroinflammatory reaction showed greater intensity, but with no signs of septal fibrosis, which appeared from PID 17 onward. CONCLUSIONS: Since the worms spontaneously died by PID 15, not only septal fibrosis production, but also its maintenance and further development appeared dependent on the presence of eggs, which were the only parasitic factor remaining thereafter.


INTRODUÇÃO: A fibrose septal do fígado se desenvolve regularmente em ratos infectados pelo nematódeo Capillaria hepatica. O tratamento curativo da infecção, feito antes do 15º dia da infecção, mas não mais tarde, impediu o aparecimento da fibrose septal. O presente trabalho procura verificar qual o estado do parasitismo aos 15 dias da infecção, crucial para patogenia da fibrose septal. MÉTODOS: Ratos foram infectados por via digestiva com 600 ovos embrionados de C. hepatica e tratados com Ivermectina e mebendazol, em grupos separados, aos 10, 12, 15, 17 ou 20 dias após a infecção. O animal de cada grupo e seus respectivos controles foram mortos e examinados aos 40 dias após o fim do tratamento. RESULTADOS: Os achados aos 15 dias da infecção mostraram a maturação completa da parasitose, com presença de ovos e vermes, circundados por reação necro-inflamatória, mas ainda sem fibrose septal. Daí por diante, a fibrose septal se fez presente. CONCLUSÕES: Como os vermes morrem espontaneamente após o 15º dia da infecção, não apenas a origem, mas o posterior crescimento e a manutenção da fibrose septal dependem da presença dos ovos acumulados no fígado, os quais são os únicos elementos parasitários presentes após o 15º dia da infecção por C. hepatica no rato.


الموضوعات
Animals , Female , Rats , Capillaria , Enoplida Infections/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver/pathology , Antiparasitic Agents/therapeutic use , Enoplida Infections/complications , Enoplida Infections/parasitology , Ivermectin/therapeutic use , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/prevention & control , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Liver/parasitology , Mebendazole/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
12.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo;50(6): 339-341, Nov.-Dec. 2008. ilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-499796

الملخص

Abdominal angiostrongyliasis is a sporadic infectious disease caused by the nematode Angiostrongylus costaricensis. It usually presents as acute abdomen, secondary to mesenteric ischemia, and pronounced eosinophilia. In some cases its course is insidious and transient, and the diagnosis is suspicious. The disease is confirmed by the detection of A. costaricensis elements in surgical specimen. The treatment is supportive, with avoidance of antihelminthic administration due to a possible erratic migration followed by worsening of the disease. We report two cases, both with intense eosinophilia and serum IgG-ELISA positive to A. costaricensis. The first case presented ileal perforation and was surgically treated. The second one showed hepatic nodules at ultrasound and was only symptomatically treated, evolving to an apparent protracted resolution. These two cases exemplify different clinical forms of the disease, one of them with liver involvement.


A angiostrongilíase abdominal é doença esporádica decorrente da infecção pelo nematódeo Angiostrongylus costaricensis. Costuma manifestar-se como abdome agudo secundário a isquemia mesentérica, além de marcada eosinofilia. Pode também apresentar-se de forma insidiosa e transitória, exigindo alta suspeita clínica para o diagnóstico. A doença é confirmada pela identificação de elementos do A. costaricensis em peças cirúrgicas. O tratamento é apenas de suporte, devendo-se evitar o uso de anti-helmínticos pela possibilidade de migração errática do verme com piora do quadro. Aqui foram apresentados dois casos, ambos com acentuada eosinofilia e ELISA-IgG sérico positivo para A. costaricencis. O primeiro caso cursou com perfuração ileal e foi tratado cirurgicamente. O segundo caso apresentou nódulos hepáticos ao ultrassom e foi tratado sintomaticamente, evoluindo para lenta resolução. Estes dois casos exemplificam diferentes formas de apresentação clínica da doença, uma delas com envolvimento hepático.


الموضوعات
Adult , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/isolation & purification , Ileal Diseases/parasitology , Intestinal Perforation/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Strongylida Infections/diagnosis , Angiostrongylus cantonensis/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Ileal Diseases/diagnosis , Ileal Diseases/therapy , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Intestinal Perforation/diagnosis , Intestinal Perforation/therapy , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/therapy , Strongylida Infections/therapy
13.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;41(2): 173-178, mar.-abr. 2008. ilus
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-484223

الملخص

No presente estudo, avaliou-se a distribuição dos eosinófilos nas diferentes fases da formação do granuloma hepático de camundongos infectados pelo Schistosoma mansoni. A partir dos resultados obtidos sugerimos uma nova classificação para a evolução do granuloma hepático em camundongos montada a partir de fases descritas por outros autores. Em cada fase há um padrão diferente de distribuição dos eosinófilos. Na fase necrótico-exudativa os eosinófilos encontram-se concentrados na periferia e no centro do granuloma e na área de necrose eles são escassos; na "produtiva" os eosinófilos estão ainda distribuídos de maneira difusa por todo o granuloma; na de cura por fibrose se concentram na periferia e no centro do granuloma. Os eosinófilos estavam em contato direto com os ovos em todos os estágios de evolução dos granulomas. Conclui-se então que a dinâmica dos eosinófilos possui papel importante na formação da reação granulomatosa do hospedeiro e resolução do processo inflamatório causado pelo ovo do parasita, além de acrescentar novos dados na classificação dos granulomas hepáticos.


In the present study, the distribution of eosinophils at different stages of the formation of hepatic granuloma in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni was evaluated. From the results obtained, we suggest a new classification for the evolution of hepatic granuloma in mice, constructed from the phases described by other authors. In each phase, there is a different pattern of eosinophil distribution. In the exudative-necrotic phase, the eosinophils are concentrated in the periphery and center of the granuloma, and are scarce in the necrotic area; in the productive phase, the eosinophils are dispersed throughout the granuloma; and in the cure due to fibrosis phase, the eosinophils are concentrated in the periphery and center of the granuloma. Eosinophils were found in direct contact with the eggs at all stages of evolution of the granuloma. It was concluded that the dynamics of eosinophils have an important role in forming the granulomatous reaction of the host and in resolving the inflammatory process caused by the parasite egg, as well as adding new data regarding hepatic granuloma classification.


الموضوعات
Animals , Male , Mice , Eosinophils/pathology , Granuloma/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Eosinophil Cationic Protein/analysis , Eosinophil Peroxidase/analysis , Eosinophils/enzymology , Granuloma/parasitology , Immunohistochemistry , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Necrosis , Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology , Time Factors
14.
Arq. gastroenterol ; Arq. gastroenterol;45(1): 11-16, jan.-mar. 2008. tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-482000

الملخص

BACKGROUND: Presinusoidal portal hypertension with frequent episodes of upper gastrointestinal variceal bleeding are hallmarks of hepatosplenic Manson’s schistosomiasis; a clinical form that affects about 5 percent of Brazilians who are infected by Schistosoma mansoni. AIMS: To evaluate duplex sonography findings in patients with hepatosplenic Manson’s schistosomiasis with and without upper gastrointestinal variceal hemorrhage. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed whereby 27 consecutive patients with hepatosplenic Manson’s schistosomiasis were divided into two groups: group I (six men and six women; mean age 48.7 years) with a past history of bleeding and group II (four men and eight women; mean age 44.7 years) without a past history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, underwent duplex sonography examination. All patients underwent the same upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and laboratory examinations. Those with signs of mixed chronic liver disease or portal vein thrombosis (three cases) were excluded. RESULTS: Group I showed significantly higher mean portal vein flow velocity than group II (26.36 cm/s vs 17.15 cm/sec). Although, as a whole it was not significant in all forms of collateral vessels (83 percent vs 100 percent), there was a significantly higher frequency of splenorenal collateral circulation type in group II compared with group I (17 percent vs 67 percent). The congestion index of the portal vein was significantly lower in group I than in group II (0.057 cm vs 0.073 cm/sec). CONCLUSION: Our duplex sonography findings in hepatosplenic Manson’s schistosomiasis support the idea that schistosomotic portal hypertension is strongly influenced by overflow status, and that collateral circulation seems to play an important role in hemodynamic behavior.


RACIONAL: Hipertensão portal pré-sinusoidal com freqüentes episódios de hemorragia digestiva alta são aspectos característicos da esquistossomose hepatoesplênica, forma clínica que acomete cerca de 5 por cento dos brasileiros com esquistossomose mansônica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar parâmetros ultra-sonográficos (modo-B e Doppler) nos hepatoesplênicos com e sem antecedentes de hemorragia digestiva. MÉTODOS: Estudo descritivo-transversal com 27 pacientes consecutivos com esquistossomose hepatoesplênica: 12 com passado de hemorragia digestiva alta (média de idade de 48,7 anos - grupo I) e 12 sem antecedentes de hemorragia digestiva alta (média de idade de 44,7 anos - grupo II). Todos foram igualmente submetidos a testes laboratoriais e endoscopia digestiva alta. Foram excluídos os doentes com hepatopatia mista e/ou trombose (três casos) ou transformação cavernosa da veia porta. RESULTADOS: O grupo I apresentou aumento significante da média de velocidade de fluxo na veia porta que o grupo II (26.36 cm/s vs 17.15 cm/s). Embora estatisticamente não significante considerando todos os tipos (100 por cento vs 83 por cento), houve maior freqüência de circulação colateral do tipo esplenorenal no grupo II (67 por cento vs 17 por cento), assim como o índice de congestão portal foi significantemente menor (0.057 vs 0.073 cm x sec) no grupo I que no grupo II. CONCLUSÃO: Os achados de dopplerfluxometria em esquistossomose hepatoesplênica sugerem que a hipertensão portal esquistossomótica é fortemente influenciada pelo hiperfluxo e a circulação colateral secundária exerce importante papel no equilíbrio hemodinâmico nestes pacientes.


الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Esophageal and Gastric Varices , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Esophageal and Gastric Varices/parasitology , Gastroscopy , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/parasitology , Hypertension, Portal/parasitology , Hypertension, Portal , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic , Predictive Value of Tests , Severity of Illness Index , Schistosomiasis mansoni/complications , Splenic Diseases/parasitology , Splenic Diseases , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
15.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;40(5): 495-498, out. 2007. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-467005

الملخص

It is known that hepatic fibrosis may regress following partial hepatectomy, since the hepatic parenchyma regenerates very rapidly, but not the excess of fibrous tissue. The present study evaluated this hypothesis by observing the behavior of systematized septal fibrosis induced by either 30 or 90-day-old Capillaria hepatica infection, in rats subjected to partial hepatectomy. The results revealed that the morphology of the fibrosis was unaffected, but its relative quantity within the microscope field appeared significantly decreased, as a consequence of the increased liver tissue mass following regeneration.


Sabe-se que a fibrose hepática pode sofrer uma redução em seqüência uma hepatectomia parcial, uma vez que o parênquima hepático se regenera muito rápido, mas não o excesso de tecido fibroso. O presente trabalho avalia esta hipótese ao observar como se comporta a fibrose septal sistematizada induzida pela Capillaria hepática no rato, após infecção de 30 ou 90 dias de duração, em animais submetidos à hepatectomia parcial. Os resultados revelaram que a fibrose em si mesma não foi afetada na sua morfologia, mas a sua quantidade relativa apareceu diminuída significativamente no campo microscópico como conseqüência do aumento da massa de tecido hepático pós-regeneração.


الموضوعات
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Capillaria , Enoplida Infections/complications , Liver Regeneration , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/surgery , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/surgery , Enoplida Infections/pathology , Hepatectomy , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/parasitology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Time Factors
16.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(supl.1): 37-44, Oct. 2006. tab, mapas, ilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-441225

الملخص

From 2002 to 2005, a program of active search for patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and schistosomal myeloradiculopathy has been implemented in the state of Minas Gerais by the local Health Department. The state was divided in 28 regional health centers and the local representatives have been trained to identify and direct patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and neuroschistosomiasis to a reference center in Belo Horizonte, the capital of the state of Minas Gerais. Seventy five patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis and 54 with schistosomal myeloradiculopathy have been referred and examined in the reference center in a period of time of 3 years. Schistosomal myeloradiculopathy should be emphasized because the number of cases reported is increasing rapidly and when timely diagnosed and treated, they respond promptly to treatment. Left untreated, they die or become invalid for life. In our view, the time has come for more active investigation of the different aspects of morbidity caused by schistosomiasis mansoni in Brazil.


الموضوعات
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Neuroschistosomiasis/complications , Radiculopathy/parasitology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/complications , Splenic Diseases/parasitology , Brazil/epidemiology , Endemic Diseases , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Neuroschistosomiasis/epidemiology , Radiculopathy/epidemiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/epidemiology , Splenic Diseases/epidemiology
17.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(supl.1): 219-231, Oct. 2006. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-441250

الملخص

This paper centers on some whole-istic organizational and functional aspects of hepatic Schistosoma mansoni granuloma, which is an extremely complex system. First, it structurally develops a collagenic topology, originated bidirectionally from an inward and outward assembly of growth units. Inward growth appears to be originated from myofibroblasts derived from small portal vessel around intravascular entrapped eggs, while outward growth arises from hepatic stellate cells. The auto-assembly of the growth units defines the three-dimensional scaffold of the schistosome granulomas. The granuloma surface irregularity and its border presented fractal dimension equal to 1.58. Second, it is internally regulated by intricate networks of immuneneuroendocrine stimuli orchestrated by leptin and leptin receptors, substance P and Vasoactive intestinal peptide. Third, it can reach the population of ± 40,000 cells and presents an autopoietic component evidenced by internal proliferation (Ki-67+ Cells), and by expression of c-Kit+ Cells, leptin and leptin receptor (Ob-R), granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF-R), and erythropoietin (Epo-R) receptors. Fourth, the granulomas cells are intimately connected by pan-cadherins, occludin and connexin-43, building a state of closing (granuloma closure). In conclusion, the granuloma is characterized by transitory stages in such a way that its organized structure emerges as a global property which is greater than the sum of actions of its individual cells and extracellular matrix components.


الموضوعات
Animals , Mice , Granuloma/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Schistosoma mansoni/physiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Disease Models, Animal , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Fractals , Granuloma/metabolism , Granuloma/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/metabolism , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Staining and Labeling , Schistosomiasis mansoni/metabolism , Schistosomiasis mansoni/parasitology , Time Factors
18.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(supl.1): 279-282, Oct. 2006. ilus
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-441259

الملخص

Abdominal ultrasound (US) has been widely used in the evaluation of patients with schistosomiasis mansoni. It represents an important indirect method of diagnosis and classification of the disease, and it has also been used as a tool in the evaluation of therapeutic response and regression of fibrosis. We describe the case of a man in whom US showed solid evidence of schistosomal periportal fibrosis and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that periportal signal alteration corresponded to adipose tissue which entered the liver togheter with the portal vein.


الموضوعات
Animals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Liver Cirrhosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic , Portal Vein , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Liver Cirrhosis/parasitology , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Portal Vein/parasitology , Portal Vein/pathology , Portal Vein , Severity of Illness Index , Schistosomiasis mansoni/complications , Schistosomiasis mansoni/pathology , Schistosomiasis mansoni
19.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;39(5): 439-445, set.-out. 2006. graf
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-439893

الملخص

Esquistossomose mansônica persiste como problema médico-social no nordeste brasileiro. Em crianças, o tratamento cirúrgico inclui esplenectomia e auto-implante esplênico. Este procedimento reduz a septicemia pós-esplenectomia. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a taxa de fagocitose e viabilidade de fagócitos mononucleares em portadores de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica, submetidos à cirurgia, de 1991 a 2001. Dos 22 indivíduos analisados, 11 eram portadores de esquistossomose hepatoesplênica, submetidos à esplenectomia e auto-implante esplênico (Grupo estudo) e 11 eram sadios (Grupo Controle). Os grupos tinham média de idades similar e procediam da mesma zona endêmica (Timbaúba-PE). Não se evidenciou diferença na taxa de fagocitose comparando-se o grupo controle (36,1 por cento±4,9 por cento) e o grupo estudo (33,5 por cento±5,7 por cento), p=0,2773. Todavia, a viabilidade dos fagócitos após estímulo com lipopolissacarídio foi maior (94 por cento) no grupo controle, quando comparado ao grupo estudo (65 por cento), p<0,001. Pode-se concluir que a esplenose assegura função fagocitária normal em monócitos, entretanto, os fagócitos possuem menor viabilidade frente a um estímulo nocivo e duradouro.


Mansonic schistosomiasis remains a medical-social issue in Northeastern Brazil. In children, surgical treatment includes splenectomy and spleen autoimplantation. This procedure reduces post-splenectomy sepsis. The aim of this study was to analyze the phagocyte rate and the cellular viability of monocytes in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis, who underwent splenectomy and spleen autoimplantation from 1991 to 2001. Of the 22 individuals analyzed, 11 were patients who underwent splenectomy and spleen autoimplantation (Study group) and 11 were healthy individuals from the same region (Control group). Both groups presented similar mean age. No difference was found in the phagocyte rate between the control group (36.1 percent±4.9 percent) and study group (33.5 percent±5.7 percent). However, phagocyte viability after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide was higher (94 percent) in control group, when compared to the study group (65 percent), p<0.001. It is possible to hypothesize that monocytes from the study group patients presented a reduced response to the microorganism challenge, in the face of a harmful and long-lasting stimulus.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Monocytes/physiology , Phagocytosis/physiology , Schistosomiasis mansoni/surgery , Spleen/transplantation , Splenic Diseases/parasitology , Case-Control Studies , Cell Survival , Cross-Sectional Studies , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/immunology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/surgery , Monocytes/immunology , Prospective Studies , Phagocytosis/immunology , Splenectomy , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Spleen/immunology , Splenic Diseases/immunology , Splenic Diseases/surgery , Transplantation, Autologous
20.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop;38(6): 514-520, nov.-dez. 2005.
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-419724

الملخص

Durante muito tempo, se acreditou que a fibrose hepática extensa e de longa duracão fosse um processo irreversível. As investigacões sobre o comportamento da fibrose hepática, nas formas avancadas da esquistossomose, vieram abalar este conceito e hoje em dia está se estabelecendo a nocão de que qualquer fibrose é reversível, inclusive aquela associada à cirrose hepática. O problema é identificar sua causa e removê-la. Embora, a fibrose hepática tenha per se pouca significacão fisiopatológica, sua gravidade está relacionada com as alteracões vasculares que ela encerra. O que dá ao assunto primordial importância são os indícios até aqui obtidos de que, a regressão da fibrose costuma se acompanhar de uma remodelacão das alteracões vasculares no seu interior. Mas, há peculiaridades relativas ao tipo anatômico e ao papel fisiológico que certas fibroses exibem, e tais peculiaridades podem interferir com o processo regressivo da mesma, o que pode significar que por vezes a fibrose pode se tornar permanente. Esses assuntos, alguns deles controversos, são aqui apresentados e discutidos.


الموضوعات
Animals , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/physiopathology , Schistosomiasis/complications , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/parasitology , Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/parasitology , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/drug therapy , Liver Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology , Remission Induction , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
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