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2.
J. bras. nefrol ; 42(2): 238-244, Apr.-June 2020. graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية, البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134823

الملخص

Abstract Fortification of food products with vitamin D was central to the eradication of rickets in the early parts of the 20th century in the United States. In the subsequent almost 100 years since, accumulating evidence has linked vitamin D deficiency to a variety of outcomes, and this has paralleled greater public interest and awareness of the health benefits of vitamin D. Supplements containing vitamin D are now widely available in both industrialized and developing countries, and many are in the form of unregulated formulations sold to the public with little guidance for safe administration. Together, this has contributed to a transition whereby a dramatic global increase in cases of vitamin D toxicity has been reported. Clinicians are now faced with the challenge of managing this condition that can present on a spectrum from asymptomatic to acute life-threatening complications. This article considers contemporary data on vitamin D toxicity, and diagnostic and management strategies relevant to clinical practice.


Resumo A suplementação de produtos alimentares com vitamina D foi fundamental para a erradicação do raquitismo no início do século XX nos Estados Unidos. Nos quase 100 anos subsequentes, o acúmulo de evidências vinculou a deficiência de vitamina D a uma variedade de desfechos, e isso tem levantado grande interesse público e conscientização dos benefícios à saúde da vitamina D. Os suplementos que contêm vitamina D estão agora amplamente disponíveis tanto nos países desenvolvidos quanto naqueles em desenvolvimento, e muitos estão na forma de formulações não regulamentadas, vendidas ao público com poucas orientações para uma administração segura. Juntos, isso contribuiu para uma transição na qual um aumento global dramático nos casos de toxicidade da vitamina D tem sido relatado. Médicos agora enfrentam o desafio de tratar essa condição que pode apresentar um espectro de complicações assintomáticas a agudas, com risco de vida. Este artigo considera dados atualizados sobre a toxicidade da vitamina D e estratégias de diagnóstico e manejo relevantes para a prática clínica.


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Aged , Rickets/prevention & control , Vitamin D/toxicity , Dietary Supplements/toxicity , Acute Kidney Injury/chemically induced , Rickets/epidemiology , Vitamin D Deficiency/complications , Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy , Treatment Outcome , Dietary Supplements/supply & distribution , Withholding Treatment , Acute Kidney Injury/therapy , Hypercalcemia/complications , Hypercalcemia/diagnosis , Hypercalcemia/chemically induced , Hypercalcemia/therapy
3.
Rio de Janeiro; CANAL SAÚDE/FIOCRUZ; 2012. 1v p.
غير التقليدية ي البرتغالية | LILACS | ID: lil-773595
4.
Rio de Janeiro; CANAL SAÚDE/FIOCRUZ; 2012. 1v p.
غير التقليدية ي البرتغالية | LILACS, ColecionaSUS | ID: biblio-941975
6.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 9(2): 241-246, maio-ago. 2009.
مقالة ي البرتغالية | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-873948

الملخص

Introduction: A disease that occurs during childhood, rickets is the failure of growing bone to mineralize. Many skeletal and radiographic changes can ocur because of the lack of calcified osteoid and the buildup of un ossified cartilage. Proper bone formation requires a complex interplay of several organs and chemicals, and vitamin D deserves special mention because any disturbance in its production, absorption, or metabolism is paramount in the development of rickets. The pathophysiology of the disease is thought to be impaired phosphate transport, especially decreased phosphate resorption in the renal proximal tubule, as well as in the intestine. In most cases, the diagnosis is established with a thorough history and physical examination and confirmed by laboratory evaluation. Early diagnosis is essential because morbidity can be minimized if children are treated before eight months of age. Objective: The aim of this literature review is to present various types of rickets with clinical features and the dental findings, preventive measurements and treatments. Conclusion: The dentist as well as the pediatrician should be made aware of the features of this disorder so that early intervention can prevent subsequent serious and more invasive dental procedures.


Introdução: O raquitismo, uma doença que ocorre durante a infância, é a falta de crescimento ósseo necessário para a mineralização. Diversas alterações radiográficas esqueléticas podem ocorrer devido a ausência de osteóide calcificado e a formação de cartilagem. A formação óssea adequada requer uma complexa interação de vários órgãos e produtos químicos, e a vitamina D merece uma menção especial, pois qualquer alteração na sua produção, absorção ou no seu metabolismo é fundamental para o desenvolvimento do raquitismo. Acredita-se que a fisiopatologia da doença está no transporte inadequado do fosfato, especialmente na diminuição da reabsorção de fosfato no túbulo renal proximal bem como no intestino. Na maioria dos casos, o diagnóstico é estabelecido com uma história completa e exame físico, e confirmado por exames laboratoriais. O diagnóstico precoce é essencial, pois a morbidade pode ser minimizada se as crianças forem tratadas antes dos oito meses de idade. Objetivo: Apresentar os vários tipos de raquitismo com suas características clínicas, aspectos dentários, medidas preventivas e tratamento. Conclusão: O cirurgião-dentista, bem como o pediatra, devem ser informados das características desta desordem para que a intervenção precoce possa evitar seqüelas subsequentes e procedimentos odontológicos mais invasivos.


الموضوعات
Hypophosphatemia , Pediatric Dentistry , Rickets/pathology , Rickets/prevention & control
8.
Med. infant ; 14(4): 286-289, dic. 2007. tab, ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS, UNISALUD | ID: lil-497159

الملخص

Como provilaxis de raquitismo, se administró a niños sanos de Ushuaia (55ºS), una doble suplemenación de vitamina D de 100.000 UI al inicio del invierno (marzo 2004), y tres meses después durante el invierno (junio 2004). Se midió 25-hidroxivitamina D sérica (250HD) antes, 1 mes después de la primera suplementación, y 3 meses después de la segunda suplementación (marzo, abril y septiembre). Se estudiaron 18 niños sanos, edad (media más menos DS) 7.3 más menos 4.4 años (rango 1.2 a 14.6), 7 niñas y 11 niños. Antes del tratamiento, la 250 HD sérica fue 29.3 más menos 5.9 ng/ml. Aumentó significativamente 1 mes después de la primera suplementación (Abril): 35.3 más menos 4.4 ng/ml (p<0.001), y disminuyo significativamente 3 meses después de la segunda suplementación 22.4 más menos 4.6 ng/ml (Septiembre (p<0.01). Ningún niño tuvo deficiencia (<10 ng/ml) ni insuficiencia (10-15 bg/ml) de vitamina D. En abril, 1 mes después de la primera suplementación, ningún niño tuvo intoxicación de vitamina D (>50 ng/ml). Conclusión: los resultados sugieren que la doble suplementación con 100.000 UI de vitamina D durante otoño e invierno, previene la deficiencia de vitamina D de niños que habitan en zonas de riesgo del sur de nuestro país.


الموضوعات
Child, Preschool , Child , Informed Consent , Hydroxycholecalciferols , Rickets/prevention & control , Vitamin D , Data Interpretation, Statistical
9.
JLUMHS-Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences. 2007; 6 (2): 60-65
ي الانجليزية | IMEMR | ID: emr-83275

الملخص

To determine the factors contributing to nutritional rickets among the children presenting at Isra University Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh - Pakistan. A case control study. The Pediatrics Department of Isra University Hospital Hyderabad from August 2004 to August 2005. Children less than 5 years of age of both sexes were included in study. Sixty children with rickets and 60 control children matched for age and social characteristics over study period were studied. Diagnosis was made on clinical, radiological and biochemical parameters. A specially designed questionnaire was administered, for patients and mothers of control subjects to assess the role of social, nutritional and other related factors in the pathogenesis of nutritional rickets. Biochemical investigations included estimation of serum calcium, serum phosphorus and alkaline phosphates. At the time of diagnosis, mean bodyweights of the patients and controls were 9.30 and 10.17kg respectively. Mean heights at the time of diagnosis were 60.08 and 62.38 cm for the patients and the controls respectively. Mean serum calcium and serum phosphate were significantly lower in the patients compared with the controls. Alkaline phosphates were higher among the patients. The weaning diet was started at the age of 6 months only in 30% of cases of rickets, compared with 52% of controls who started at the 6 months of age. Only 41% of mothers of children with rickets had normal nutritional status and 75% of control mothers had normal nutritional status. Most of the children with rickets 75% were completely wrap during infancy compared to controls; only 20% wrapped. There are a lot of contributing factors for nutritional rickets. However, several factors seem to make more important contribution. Among these, lack of exposure to sunlight, prolonged breast-feeding without supplementation and inadequate complementary feeding practices are important. Maternal health and education is important as it can influence all of the above factors


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Case-Control Studies , Risk Factors , Mothers , Health Education , Rickets/prevention & control , Breast Feeding , Sunlight , Vitamin D Deficiency , Surveys and Questionnaires , Nutritional Status , Child , Calcium/blood , Phosphorus/blood , Alkaline Phosphatase/blood
10.
Indian Pediatr ; 2003 Sep; 40(9): 908-9
مقالة ي الانجليزية | IMSEAR | ID: sea-15159
13.
Indian Pediatr ; 1999 Jan; 36(1): 99
مقالة ي الانجليزية | IMSEAR | ID: sea-11349
14.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 67(5): 219-23, sept.-oct. 1996. graf, ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-197824

الملخص

Se evaluó el efecto sobre el metabolismo óseo y crecimiento del lactante menor de suplementos de vitamina D de 600.000 UI en el primero y sexto mes (norma ministerial) ante una dosis diaria de 400 UI hasta el sexto mes, en dos grupos de lactantes normales. En controles mensuales se midieron peso, talla, circunferencia craneana, presión arterial, calcemia, fosfemia, fosfatasas alcalinas, hormona paratiroidea y 1.25 (OH)2 vit D. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en favor de los niños que recibían 400 UI diariamente, a contar del tercer mes en la talla, del sexto mes en el peso y del octavo mes en la circunsferencia craneana. La presión arterial fue más alta en los pacientes que recibieron megadosis semestrales de la vitamina, especialmente 30, 60, 90 y 120 días, después de la primera de ellas. La concentración plasmática media de 1,25 (OH)2 vit D fue más alta en los casos tratados con megadosis (110 y 96 pg/ml en el primero y el sexto mes respectivamente), que en los que recibía dosis diarias (55 pg/ml en el primero y sexto mes). No se encontraron diferencias en las restantes variables sanguíneas analizadas. La administración de 400 UI diarias es más fisiológica, promueve mayor crecimiento, evita riesgos de intoxicación a corto plazo y potencial a largo plazo por la hipertensión inducida a esta edad. La norma ministerial debiera ser revisada


الموضوعات
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Bone and Bones/metabolism , Bone Development/physiology , Growth/physiology , Rickets/prevention & control , Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy , Vitamin D/administration & dosage , Child Development/physiology , Hypertension/chemically induced , Rickets/epidemiology , Vitamin D/adverse effects
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 93(2): 66-70, abr. 1995. tab, graf
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-252387

الملخص

La deficiencia de vitamina D aumenta el riesgo de raquitismo carencial en los niños.Estudios previos en Ushuaia(55ºS)demostraron que el 47 por ciento de la población infantil tiene niveles disminuidos de 25-hidroxi-vitamina D(250HD) (menor a 8ng/ml) a final del invierno siendo adecuados al final del verano.Para prevenir la deficiencia de vitamina D se estudió el efecto de administrar una dosis única de 150.000 UIde vitamina D2 al comienzo del otoño a un grupo de 79 niños residentes en Ushuaia(Argentina)de 8,6 ñ 1,4(Xñ 1DS)años de edad.Se evaluaron basalmente,a las 6 semanas y a los 5 meses posdosis(fines de invierno)los niveles,séricos de calcio,fósforo,fosfatasa alcalina,250HD y parathormona(PTH)y el cociente calciuria/creatinuria en orina de 2 hs.En síntesis la administración de una dosis única de 150.000 UI de vitamina D2 al comienzo del otoño mantuvo durante el invierno los niveles séricos adecuados de 250HD sin provocar hipercalcemia ni hipercalciuria


الموضوعات
Child, Preschool , Child , Rickets/prevention & control , Rickets/therapy , Vitamin D Deficiency
18.
Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La]. 1993; 3 (6): 313-9
ي الانجليزية | IMEMR | ID: emr-30745
19.
Bulletin Epidemiologique. 1992; (9): 12-3
ي الفرنسية | IMEMR | ID: emr-23210
20.
Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La]. 1991; 1 (4): 47-50
ي الانجليزية | IMEMR | ID: emr-22071

الموضوعات
Humans , Child , Rickets/prevention & control
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