Una revisión sistemática del uso de la inteligencia artificial en la educación / A systematic review of the use of artificial intelligence in education

Introducción. El uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) en la educación ha sido objeto de una creciente atención en los últimos años. La IA se ha utilizado para mejorar la personalización del aprendizaje, la retroalimentación y la evaluación de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, también hay desafíos y limitaciones asociados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar las principales tendencias y áreas de aplicación de la inteligencia artificial en la educación, así como analizar los beneficios y limitaciones de su uso en este ámbito. Métodos. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática que exploró el empleo de la inteligencia artificial en el ámbito educativo. Esta revisión siguió una metodología de investigación basada en la búsqueda de literatura, compuesta por cinco etapas. La investigación se realizó utilizando Scopus como fuente de consulta primaria y se empleó la herramienta VOSviewer para analizar los resultados obtenidos. Resultados. Se encontraron numerosos estudios que investigan el uso de la IA en la educación. Los resultados sugieren que la IA puede mejorar significativamente la personalización del aprendizaje, proporcionando recomendaciones de actividades y retroalimentación adaptadas a las necesidades individuales de cada estudiante. Conclusiones. A pesar de las ventajas del uso de la IA en la educación, también hay desafíos y limitaciones que deben abordarse, como la calidad de los datos utilizados por la IA, la necesidad de capacitación para educadores y estudiantes, y las preocupaciones sobre la privacidad y la seguridad de los datos de los estudiantes. Es importante seguir evaluando los efectos del uso de la IA en la educación para garantizar su uso efectivo y responsable.

Introduction. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education has been the subject of increasing attention in recent years. AI has been used to improve personalized learning, feedback, and student assessment. However, there are also challenges and limitations. The aim of this study was to identify the main trends and areas of application of artificial intelligence in education, as well as to analyze the benefits and limitations of its use in this field. Methods. A systematic review was carried out on the use of artificial intelligence in education, using a literature search research methodology with five stages, based on the Scopus query and the tool for analyzing results with VOSviewer. Results. Numerous studies investigating the use of AI in education were found. The results suggest that AI can significantly improve personalized learning by providing activity recommendations and feedback tailored to the individual needs of each student. Conclusions. Despite the advantages of using AI in education, there are also challenges and limitations that need to be addressed, such as the quality of data used by AI, the need for training for educators and students, and concerns about the privacy and security of student data. It is important to continue evaluating the effects of AI use in education to ensure its effective and responsible use.

Feasibility of a novel type of complex anterior cervical fixation by using Mimics software / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the feasibility of mimics software in analyzing a new type of complex anterior cervical fixation -- anterior transpedicular screw fixation+zero notch internal fixation.@*METHODS@#From January 2021 to September 2022, 50 normal pedestrians who underwent cervical spine CT scanning were selected for C1-C7 segment scanning, including 27 males and 23 females, aged from 25 to 65 years old with an average of (46.0 ± 9.0) years old. The dicom format is exported and engraved into the CD, and use the mimics software to perform 3D reconstruction of each segment. A simulated screw is placed on the image according to the critical value of zero notch screw (head and tail angle 44°, internal angle 29°). The position of zero notch screw in each segment is observed to determine the feasibility of anterior transpedicular screw fixation plus zero notch internal fixation.@*RESULTS@#For the upper zero notch screws the three-dimensional images of the cervical spine across all 50 subjects within the C3-C7 segments demonstrated safe position, with no instances of intersection with ATPS. For the lower zero notch screw, in C3-C4 and C4-C5, 4 out of 50 subjects are in the safe position in the three-dimensional images of cervical vertebrae, and 46 cases could achieve secure screw placement when the maximum caudal angle is(32.3±1.9) ° and (36.1±2.2) °, respectively. In C5-C6 and C6-C7 segments, no lower zero notch screws intersected with ATPS, and all screws are in safe positions.@*CONCLUSION@#Lower cervical anterior pedicle screw fixation plus zero notch internal fixation can achieve successful nail placement through the selected entry point and position.

Application of PolyPRep tools on HIV protease polyproteins using molecular docking / Aplicação da ferramenta PolyPRep em poliproteínas de protease de HIV usando docking molecular

Abstract In recent years, the development of high-throughput technologies for obtaining sequence data leveraged the possibility of analysis of protein data in silico. However, when it comes to viral polyprotein interaction studies, there is a gap in the representation of those proteins, given their size and length. The prepare for studies using state-of-the-art techniques such as Machine Learning, a good representation of such proteins is a must. We present an alternative to this problem, implementing a fragmentation and modeling protocol to prepare those polyproteins in the form of peptide fragments. Such procedure is made by several scripts, implemented together on the workflow we call PolyPRep, a tool written in Python script and available in GitHub. This software is freely available only for noncommercial users.

Resumo Nos últimos anos, o desenvolvimento de tecnologias de alto rendimento para obtenção de dados sequenciais potencializou a possibilidade de análise de dados proteicos in silico. No entanto, quando se trata de estudos de interação de poliproteínas virais, existe uma lacuna na representação dessas proteínas, devido ao seu tamanho e comprimento. Para estudos utilizando técnicas de ponta como o Aprendizado de Máquina, uma boa representação dessas proteínas é imprescindível. Apresentamos uma alternativa para este problema, implementando um protocolo de fragmentação e modelagem para preparar essas poliproteínas na forma de fragmentos de peptídeos. Tal procedimento é feito por diversos scripts, implementados em conjunto no workflow que chamamos de PolyPRep, uma ferramenta escrita em script Python e disponível no GitHub. Este software está disponível gratuitamente apenas para usuários não comerciais.

Evaluation of characteristics of periodontal probes

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the millimeter distances and active tip diameters of different periodontal probes. Methods: Two types of periodontal probes were analyzed (North Carolina (15-UNC) and PCP-12). Two manufacturers were selected for each probe type. Digital images of the probes were obtained and the distances were measured using a software program. The diameter of the active tip was measured using a digital caliper. Both variables were measured by two trained and calibrated examiners. The data were analyzed using the Bland-Altman method and two-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A comparison of measurements between the 15UNC and PCP-12 probes showed a significant difference in all millimeter markings. The 15-UNC probe showed differences between the 3 and 12 mm markings. The PCP-12 probe only showed differences between the marks at the 12 mm mark. The 15-UNC probe had a similar active tip diameter between the two manufacturers. The PCP-12 probe showed a significant difference between the two manufacturers. Both types of probes had similar active tip diameters when compared by the two manufacturers. Conclusion: There was no standardization in relation to millimeter marks and tip diameters of the two types of periodontal probes produced by the two different manufacturers. The probe types exhibited little variability

Sistemas Computacionais para Auxílio na Cicatrização de Feridas: Revisão de Escopo / Computer Systems to Aid in Wound Healing: Scope Review / Sistemas Informáticos para Ayudar en la Cicatrización de Heridas: Revisión del Alcance

Objetivo:Investigar estudos que apresentem sistemas computacionais de auxílio à cicatrização de feridas e quais sistemas se referem ao uso de laser de baixa intensidade. Método: Revisão de escopo que visou responder à questão de pesquisa: Quais sistemas computacionais auxiliam na cicatrização de feridas? Uma subquestão foi: quais sistemas computacionais se referem ao uso do laser de baixa intensidade? Resultados: A partir da busca, aplicando os critérios de elegibilidade, 49 artigos compuseram a amostra final. Os sistemas apresentaram várias finalidades de apoio à cicatrização de feridas, em que a maioria apresentou como usuário do sistema o profissional de saúde, sendo a medicina a área profissional mais mencionada, embora a enfermagem esteja envolvida com o manejo do cuidado às pessoas com feridas. Foi relatada com frequência a inovação na assistência a partir do uso do sistema computacional, o que demonstra a importância desse tipo de ferramenta para a prática clínica. Verificou-se com frequência o uso de plataforma mobile, como tendência da atualidade. Conclusão: Os sistemas computacionais têm sido utilizados como ferramentas para apoiar pacientes e principalmente profissionais na cicatrização de feridas. Quanto ao laser de baixa intensidade, houve escassez de sistemas computacionais com essa finalidade, com apenas um estudo.

Objective:To investigate studies that present computational systems to aid healing and systems which refer to the use of low-level laser. Method: Scope review that aimed to answer the question: Which computer systems help in wound healing? A subquestion was: Which of the computer systems refer to the use of low-level laser? Results: From the search, applying the eligibility criteria, 49 articles made up the final sample. The systems served multiple purposes in support of wound healing; the majority presented the health professional as a user of the system; medicine was the most mentioned professional area despite nursing being involved in the management of care for people with wounds. Innovation in care using the computer system was frequently reported, demonstrating the importance of this type of tool for clinical practice. There was a high frequency of the mobile platform, showing that this is a current trend. Conclusion: Computer systems have been used as tools to support patients and especially professionals in wound healing. Regarding the systems aimed at the low intensity laser, there was a shortage of computer systems for this purpose, with a study.

Objetivo:Investigar estudios que presenten sistemas computacionales de ayuda a la cicatrización y sistemas que se refieran al uso de láser de bajo nivel. Método: Revisión de alcance que tuvo como objetivo responder a la pregunta: ¿Qué sistemas informáticos ayudan en la cicatrización de heridas? Una subpregunta fue: ¿Cuál de los sistemas informáticos se refieren al uso de láser de bajo nivel? Resultados: A partir de la búsqueda, aplicando los criterios de elegibilidad, 49 artículos conformaron la muestra final. Los sistemas sirvieron para múltiples propósitos en apoyo de la cicatrización de heridas; la mayoría presentó al profesional de la salud como usuario del sistema; la medicina fue el área profesional más mencionadas, a pesar de que la enfermería está involucrada en la gestión del cuidado de las personas con heridas. La innovación en la atención basada en el uso del sistema informático fue relatada con frecuencia, demostrando la importancia de este tipo de herramienta para la práctica clínica. Hubo una alta frecuencia de la plataforma móvil, lo que demuestra que esta es una tendencia actual. Conclusión: Los sistemas informáticos se han utilizado como herramientas de apoyo a los pacientes y especialmente a los profesionales en la cicatrización de heridas. En cuanto a los sistemas dirigidos al láser de baja intensidad, hubo escasez de sistemas informáticos para este fin, con un estudio.

Volumetric Assessment of the Insula in a Normally Functioning Human Brain Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Evaluación Volumétrica de la Ínsula en un Cerebro Humano que Funciona Normalmente Utilizando Imágenes de Resonancia Magnética

SUMMARY: Volumetric assessment of brain structures is an important tool in neuroscience research and clinical practice. The volumetric measurement of normally functioning human brain helps detect age-related changes in some regions, which can be observed at varying degrees. This study aims to estimate the insular volume in the normally functioning human brain in both genders, different age groups, and side variations. A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted on 42 adult Sudanese participants in Al-Amal Hospital, Sudan, between May to August 2022, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and automatic brain segmentation through a software program (BrainSuite). The statistical difference in total insular volume on both sides of the cerebral hemisphere was small. The insular volume on the right side was greater in males, while the left side showed no difference between both genders. A statistically significant difference between males and females was found (p > 0.05), and no statistical difference in different age groups was found according to the one-way ANOVA test (p>0.05). Adult Sudanese males showed a larger insular volume than females. MRI can be used to morphometrically assess the insula to detect any pathological variations based on volume changes.

La evaluación volumétrica de las estructuras cerebrales es una herramienta importante en la investigación y la práctica clínica de la neurociencia. La medición volumétrica del cerebro humano, que funciona normalmente, ayuda a detectar cambios relacionados con la edad en algunas regiones, las cuales se pueden observar en diversos grados. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo estimar el volumen insular en el cerebro humano que funciona normalmente, en ambos sexos, de diferentes grupos de edad y sus variaciones laterales. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo transversal en 42 participantes sudaneses adultos en el Hospital Al-Amal, Sudán, entre mayo y agosto de 2022, utilizando imágenes de resonancia magnética y segmentación automática del cerebro a través de un software (BrainSuite). Fue pequeña la diferencia estadística en el volumen insular total, en los hemisferios cerebrales. El volumen insular del lado derecho fue mayor en los hombres, mientras que el lado izquierdo no mostró diferencia entre ambos sexos. Se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre hombres y mujeres (p > 0,05), y no se encontró diferencia estadística en los diferentes grupos de edad, según la prueba de ANOVA de una vía (p> 0,05). Los hombres sudaneses adultos mostraron un mayor volumen insular que las mujeres. La resonancia magnética se puede utilizar para evaluar morfométricamente la ínsula y para detectar cualquier variación patológica basada en cambios de volumen.

Evidências de validade de umsoftware para gestão da fila cirúrgica eletiva / Evidence of validity of software for managing the elective surgical queue

Objetivo: Desenvolver um software para gestão da fila cirúrgica eletiva. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, conduzido para desenvolver e validar um protótipo computacional na forma de software. Para validar o conteúdo, participaram 55 juízes selecionados intencionalmente. Empregou-se o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo para medir o grau e a porcentagem de concordância entre os juízes. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Piauí, com Nº de Parecer 5.306.171. Resultados: As evidências de validade do conteúdo foram consideradas satisfatórias, indicando clareza, adequação aos objetivos propostos, coerência, atualização, organização lógica, precisão e objetividade, além de apresentar potencialidades para que os pacientes possam acompanhar o seu posicionamento na fila. Conclusão: O desenvolvimento do software reúne evidências válidas e favoráveis para a organização e gestão da lista de espera cirúrgica, permitindo a priorização de casos com base na gravidade clínica e no senso de urgência.(AU)

Objective: To develop a software for elective surgery queue management. Methods: Methodological study, conducted to develop and validate a computational prototype in the form of software. To validate the content, 55 intentionally selected judges participated. The Content Validation Index was used to measure the degree and percentage of agreement between the judges. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Piauí, with Opinion No. 5.306.171. Results: The evidence of content validity was considered satisfactory, indicating clarity, adequacy to the proposed objectives, coherence, updating, logical organization, precision and objectivity, in addition to presenting potentialities for patients to monitor their position in the queue. Conclusion: The development of the software brings together valid and favorable evidence for the organization and management of the surgical waiting list, allowing the prioritization of cases based on clinical severity and sense of urgency.(AU)

Objetivo: Desarrollar un software para la gestión de colas de cirugía electiva. Métodos: Estudio metodológico, realizado para desarrollar y validar un prototipo computacional en forma de software. Para validar el contenido, participaron 55 jueces seleccionados intencionadamente. Se utilizó el Índice de Validación de Contenido para medir el grado y el porcentaje de acuerdo entre los jueces. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Federal de Piauí, con el Dictamen nº 5.306.171. Resultados: Las evidencias de validez de contenido fueron consideradas satisfactorias, indicando claridad, adecuación a los objetivos propuestos, coherencia, actualización, organización lógica, precisión y objetividad, además de presentar potencial para que los pacientes monitoreen su posición en la fila. Conclusión: El desarrollo del software reúne evidencias válidas y favorables para la organización y gestión de la lista de espera quirúrgica, permitiendo la priorización de los casos en función de la gravedad clínica y del sentido de urgencia.(AU)

Avalia TIS SPF: protótipo de software para avaliação clínica de enfermeiros em penitenciária federal de segurança máxima / Evaluates TIS SPF: software prototype for clinical assessment of nurses in maximum security federal penitentiary

Resumo: Objetivou-se desenvolver o protótipo de um software para avaliação clínica de enfermeiros, no serviço de saúde da penitenciária federal de segurança máxima de Porto Velho, Brasil. Como método, seguiram-se os moldes da pesquisa metodológica de produção tecnológica, que teve como cenário uma penitenciária federal, e foi desenvolvida em duas fases: fase 1, denominada fase exploratória, que incluiu três etapas: a) revisão de literatura; b) informações obtidas dos participantes sobre o conhecimento da avaliação clínica; c) análise dos dados; fase 2, denominada de fase de desenvolvimento do modelo de prototipação, o qual seguiu o ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento de sistema, dividido em três etapas: análise e especificação; desenvolvimento; e manutenção, propostas por Pressman (2011). Como produto, obteve-se o protótipo do software intitulado AVALIA TIS - SPF, com características dinâmicas que inclui módulos de cadastro e login do usuário; identificação do paciente; histórico/anamnese e avaliação clínica. Conclui-se que esta ferramenta tem potencial para instrumentalizar o enfermeiro na execução e documentação da primeira etapa do processo de enfermagem, contribuindo na valorização e sustentação da prática profissional, colaborando para a assistência integral da população carcerária. É viável a replicabilidade para outras unidades prisionais, temas e outras áreas do conhecimento. Tem potencial para impacto social, mantendo a população de pessoas privadas de liberdade, com melhor qualidade de vida durante o período do cumprimento de pena; impacto econômico, com possibilidade de identificação precoce de problemas de saúde e, consequentemente, menor número de complicações que exigem utilização de serviços de saúde de atenção secundária ou terciária. O teor inovador encontra-se no fato de implementar um sistema de informação segura dos dados dos custodiados, com possibilidade de ampliação de todas as penitenciárias de segurança máxima brasileiras.

Abstract: This study aimed to develop a software prototype to clinically evaluate nurses in the health service of the maximum-security federal penitentiary in Porto Velho. We followed the methodological research of technological production using a federal penitentiary as a scenario. The study consisted of two phases: Phase 1, the exploratory phase, which included three stages: a) literature review; b) the information obtained from participants regarding their knowledge of clinical evaluation; and c) data analysis; Phase 2, the prototyping model development phase, which followed the system development life cycle, divided into three stages: a) analysis and specification; b) development; and maintenance, proposed by Pressman (2011). The final product is a software prototype entitled AVALIA TIS - SPF, with dynamic characteristics that include user registration and login modules, patient identification, history/anamnesis, and clinical evaluation. In conclusion, this tool has the potential to equip nurses in the execution and documentation of the first stage of the nursing process, contributing to the appreciation and support of professional practice and collaborating for the integral assistance of the prison population. Replicability for other prison units, themes, and other areas of knowledge is feasible. It has the potential for social impact, giving a better quality of life to the freedom-deprived population while serving their sentence, and economic impact, with the possibility of early identification of health problems and, consequently, fewer complications that require secondary or tertiary health care services. The innovative content is because it implements a secure information system for the data of those in custody, with the possibility of expanding all Brazilian maximum security penitentiaries.

Endodontia guiada: tecnologia aplicada na resolução de tratamentos de canais calcificados / Guided endodontics: technology applied in the resolution of treatments of calcified canals / Endodoncia guiada: tecnología aplicada en la resolución de tratamientos de conductos calcificados

As calcificações pulpares provocam alterações morfológicas no interior dos canais radiculares que dificultam o tratamento endodôntico. Para solucionar essa dificuldade, a ferramenta Endoguide ou Endodontia Guiada foi desenvolvida para a resolução de casos complexos. Esta pesquisa objetivou descrever as aplicações da ferramenta Endoguide no tratamento de canais calcificados na endodontia. Todas as buscas foram realizadas por um único pesquisador na base de dados PubMed/MEDLINE e busca manual utilizando os descritores "Endodontics", "Digital", "Cone beam", "Guided". Foram considerados elegíveis os artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2022 e excluídos os estudos cuja publicação não foi obtida na íntegra e ainda aqueles em que os resultados não apresentaram embasamento teórico e prático suficientes para que pudessem ser incluídos no trabalho. Após as buscas, foram encontrados 47 artigos, selecionados inicialmente pelo título e resumos, excluindo as duplicatas. Ao final, a leitura completa e coleta de dados foi realizada em 6 artigos. As informações relevantes dos artigos selecionados foram transcritas em forma de quadro para sumarizar os achados. A endodontia guiada pode ser uma excelente alternativa para tratamentos de casos complexos, necessitando um investimento financeiro mínimo no consultório, pois os equipamentos de captura de imagem, planejamento virtual e de guias podem ser realizados em laboratórios capacitados. Assim, concluímos que o emprego da Endoguide como ferramenta no tratamento de canais calcificados se mostrou bem-sucedido e sua utilização não requer um conhecimento amplo, podendo ser usada por profissionais menos experientes.

Pulp calcifications cause morphological changes inside the root canals that make endodontic treatment difficult. To solve this difficulty, the tool Endoguide or Guided Endodontics was developed to solve complex cases. This research aimed to describe the applications of the Endoguide tool in the treatment of calcified root canals in endodontics. All searches were performed by a single researcher in the PubMed/MEDLINE database and manual search using the descriptors "Endodontics", "Digital", "Cone beam", "Guided". Articles published between 2010 and 2022 were considered eligible, and studies whose publication was not obtained in full text were excluded, as well as those in which the results did not have sufficient theoretical and practical basis for them to be included in the study. After the searches, 47 articles were found, initially selected by title and abstract, excluding duplicates. In the end, the complete reading and data collection was performed with 6 articles. Relevant information from the selected articles was transcribed for a table to summarize the findings. Guided endodontics can be an excellent alternative for treating complex cases, requiring minimal financial investment in the office, as image capture equipment, virtual planning and guides can be performed in trained laboratories. Thus, we conclude that the use of Endoguide as a tool in the treatment of calcified canals proved to be successful and its use does not require extensive knowledge and can be used by less experienced professionals.

Las calcificaciones pulpares provocan cambios morfológicos en el interior de los conductos radiculares que dificultan el tratamiento endodóntico. Para solventar esta dificultad se desarrolló la herramienta Endoguide o Endodoncia Guiada para resolver casos complejos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir las aplicaciones de la herramienta Endoguide en el tratamiento de conductos radiculares calcificados en endodoncia. Todas las búsquedas fueron realizadas por un único investigador en la base de datos PubMed/MEDLINE y búsqueda manual utilizando los descriptores "Endodontics", "Digital", "Cone beam", "Guided". Se consideraron elegibles los artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2022, y se excluyeron los estudios cuya publicación no se obtuvo a texto completo, así como aquellos en los que los resultados no tenían suficiente base teórica y práctica para ser incluidos en el estudio. Tras las búsquedas, se encontraron 47 artículos, seleccionados inicialmente por título y resumen, excluyendo los duplicados. Al final, se realizó la lectura completa y la recogida de datos con 6 artículos. La información relevante de los artículos seleccionados se transcribió para elaborar una tabla que resumiera los hallazgos. La endodoncia guiada puede ser una excelente alternativa para el tratamiento de casos complejos, requiriendo una mínima inversión financiera en el consultorio, ya que los equipos de captura de imágenes, la planificación virtual y las guías pueden realizarse en laboratorios capacitados. Así, concluimos que el uso de la Endoguía como herramienta en el tratamiento de conductos calcificados demostró ser exitoso y su uso no requiere de grandes conocimientos y puede ser utilizado por profesionales menos experimentados.

Model construction and software design of computed tomography radiation system based on visualization / 生物医学工程学杂志

The Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) is often used to calculate the radiation dose during computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the physical calculation process of the model is complicated, the input file structure of the program is complex, and the three-dimensional (3D) display of the geometric model is not supported, so that the researchers cannot establish an accurate CT radiation system model, which affects the accuracy of the dose calculation results. Aiming at these two problems, this study designed a software that visualized CT modeling and automatically generated input files. In terms of model calculation, the theoretical basis was based on the integration of CT modeling improvement schemes of major researchers. For 3D model visualization, LabVIEW was used as the new development platform, constructive solid geometry (CSG) was used as the algorithm principle, and the introduction of editing of MCNP input files was used to visualize CT geometry modeling. Compared with a CT model established by a recent study, the root mean square error between the results simulated by this visual CT modeling software and the actual measurement was smaller. In conclusion, the proposed CT visualization modeling software can not only help researchers to obtain an accurate CT radiation system model, but also provide a new research idea for the geometric modeling visualization method of MCNP.

Advances of peptide-centric data-independent acquisition analysis algorithms and software tools / 生物工程学报

Data-independent acquisition (DIA) is a high-throughput, unbiased mass spectrometry data acquisition method which has good quantitative reproducibility and is friendly to low-abundance proteins. It becomes the preferred choice for clinical proteomic studies especially for large cohort studies in recent years. The mass-spectrometry (MS)/MS spectra generated by DIA is usually heavily mixed with fragment ion information of multiple peptides, which makes the protein identification and quantification more difficult. Currently, DIA data analysis methods fall into two main categories, namely peptide-centric and spectrum-centric. The peptide-centric strategy is more sensitive for identification and more accurate for quantification. Thus, it has become the mainstream strategy for DIA data analysis, which includes four key steps: building a spectral library, extracting ion chromatogram, feature scoring and statistical quality control. This work reviews the peptide-centric DIA data analysis procedure, introduces the corresponding algorithms and software tools, and summarizes the improvements for the existing algorithms. Finally, the future development directions are discussed.

Development and application of visual analysis teaching software for acupoint compatibility laws / 中国针灸

A user-friendly teaching software for visual analysis of acupoint compatibility laws has been developed based on the principles of partial order mathematics. This software is designed to provide auxiliary teaching of structured organization and visualization of law knowledge of compatibility data of acupuncture and moxibustion prescriptions from ancient texts, textbooks, and clinical case records. The software is installed as a plugin in the Microsoft Office Excel, allowing the generation of visually appealing graphs and associated rules that align with the cognitive patterns of teachers and students majoring in acupuncture and moxibustion. Its aim is to facilitate the discovery and analysis of underlying patterns and structured knowledge embedded in acupoint compatibility data, thus contributing to the enhancement of teaching effectiveness in acupoint compatibility.

The role of jigsaw karyotype analysis in the teaching of chromosomal recognition / 中华医学遗传学杂志

Karyotype analysis is the basic method in cytogenetics, and is also recognized as the "gold standard" for diagnosing chromosomal disorders. The teaching and training for traditional karyotyping analysis is time-consuming and even boring. The individual's ability for mastering the chromosome morphology can vary greatly. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the teaching method. On the basis of the traditional method, we have added auxiliary analysis software during the teaching. This type of splicing karyotype teaching has increased the students' interest and improved their ability for karyotyping, allowing them to quickly remember the characteristic bands of chromosomes. Through enhanced memory of a large number of karyotypic images, the students' ability to recognize individual chromosomes has improved.

Microwave sensor for recognition of abnormal nodule tissue on body surface / 生物医学工程学杂志

For the detection and identification of abnormal nodular tissues on the body surface, a microwave sensor structure loaded with a spiral resonator is proposed in this paper, a sensor simulation model is established using HFSS software, the structural parameters are optimized, and the actual sensor is fabricated. The S21 parameters of the tissue were obtained when nodules appeared by simulation, and the characteristic relationship between the difference of S21 parameters with position was analyzed and tested experimentally. The results showed that when nodules were present in normal tissues, the curve of S21 parameter difference with position change had obvious inverted bimodal characteristics, and the extreme value of S21 parameter difference appeared when the sensor was directly above the nodules, which was easy to identify the position of nodules. It provides an objective detection tool for the identification of abnormal nodular tissues on the body surface.

Clinical study on application of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To examine the application value of 3D Slicer software assisted domestic frameless stereotactic robot in biopsy of intracranial lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 80 patients who admitted consecutively and underwent intracerebral lesions biopsy with the domestic frameless stereotactic robot at Department of Neurosurgery, Aerospace Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. There were 36 males and 44 females, with a mean age of (38.5±18.0) years (range: 6 to 71 years). Before surgery only enhanced T1-weighted three-dimensional magnetization prepared gradient echo sequences and diffusion tensor imaging scans were performed. Self-reconstruction of intracranial lesions, cerebral cortex and blood vessels was carried out using 3D Slicer software system after the DICOM format imaging data of 80 patients were collected. These imaging data were merged to the workstation of the domestic frameless stereotactic robot for preoperative surgical planning and the surgical puncture path was designed to avoid blood vessels in the brain functional area, cerebral cortex and sulcus. Results: All frameless stereotactic biopsy were successfully performed. Postoperative pathological diagnosis included 50 cases of diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglioma, 15 cases of lymphoma, 5 cases of metastatic tumors, 5 cases of inflammatory demyelinating disease, 2 cases of inflammatory granuloma, 1 case of hemangioma, 1 case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia intracranial invasion and 1 case of seminoma. The positive diagnosis rate was 100% (80/80). Postoperative imaging confirmed that the puncture path and target were accurately implemented according to the preoperative planning, and the target error was (1.32±0.44) mm (range: 0.55 to 1.99 mm). One case of puncture-related bleeding occurred at the target after surgery and improved after treatment. Conclusion: The three-dimensional multimodal images reconstructed by the 3D Slicer software before operation could help the surgeons make the preoperative planning and reduce the risk of stereotactic brain biopsy.

Design of Information System for Whole Life Cycle Management of Medical Equipment / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#In order to record the whole life process information of medical equipment and improve the management efficiency, this study proposes an informatization scheme for the whole life cycle management of medical equipment.@*METHODS@#Relying on cloud-native, based on the software architecture of front-end and back-end separation, a mode of sub-account and sub-authority management of medical equipment was designed to integrate maintenance work orders, operation reports and other functions, and manage medical equipment data in a structured and platform-based manner.@*RESULTS@#Comparing the equipment failure rate, maintenance response time, and average inventory time per device before and after the system operation, the differences are statistically significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The system can realize the work collaboration of maintenance engineers, equipment users, and equipment management personnel, and can trace the information of the whole life cycle of the equipment.

Research on Logic Design of Proton Treatment Control System / 中国医疗器械杂志

The proton treatment control system is the supporting software of the proton therapy device, which specifically coordinates and controls the status and work of each subsystem. In this study, the software architecture and hardware implementation of the proton treatment control system was developed and built a foundation for the overall debugging. Using C# programming language and WPF programming techniques, TCP network communication protocol specified by the proton treatment technical document and MVVM pattern in Windows system, the logic design and implementation of each level were studied. Meanwhile, the communication interface between the subsystems under TCP communication protocol was agreed. The logic design and research of the setup field and treatment field were carried out. And the User Interface was designed and developed using the above technology. The program realizes the communication and interaction between the proton treatment control system and each subsystem, so as to control and monitor the whole treatment process. The proton treatment control system provides a software basis for the remote overall debugging and on-line monitor and control of proton treatment device.

Progress in Development of Dose Verification System Software KylinRay-Dose4D / 中国医疗器械杂志

Advanced radiotherapy technology enables the dose to more accurately conform to the tumor target area of the patient, providing accurate treatment for the patient, but the gradient of the patient's radiation dose at the tumor edge is getting larger, which putting forward higher requirements for radiotherapy dose verification. The dose verification system software KylinRay-Dose4D can verify the patient's pre-treatment plan and the in vivo/on-line dose during the patient's treatment, providing important reference for the physicist to modify the radiotherapy plan and ensuring that the patient receives accurate treatment. This study introduces the overall design and key technologies of KylinRay-Dose4D, and tests the pre-treatment plan dose checking calculation and 2D/3D dose verification through clinical cases. The test results showed that the 2D/3D gamma pass rate (3 mm/3%) of KylinRay-Dose4D reconstructed dose compared with TPS plan dose and measured dose is larger than 95%, which indicating that the reconstructed dose of KylinRay-Dose4D meets the requirement of clinical application.

Design and implementation of a modular pulse wave preprocessing and analysis system based on a new detection algorithm / 生物医学工程学杂志

As one of the standard electrophysiological signals in the human body, the photoplethysmography contains detailed information about the blood microcirculation and has been commonly used in various medical scenarios, where the accurate detection of the pulse waveform and quantification of its morphological characteristics are essential steps. In this paper, a modular pulse wave preprocessing and analysis system is developed based on the principles of design patterns. The system designs each part of the preprocessing and analysis process as independent functional modules to be compatible and reusable. In addition, the detection process of the pulse waveform is improved, and a new waveform detection algorithm composed of screening-checking-deciding is proposed. It is verified that the algorithm has a practical design for each module, high accuracy of waveform recognition and high anti-interference capability. The modular pulse wave preprocessing and analysis software system developed in this paper can meet the individual preprocessing requirements for various pulse wave application studies under different platforms. The proposed novel algorithm with high accuracy also provides a new idea for the pulse wave analysis process.