IDH1 mutation produces R-2-hydroxyglutarate (R-2HG) and induces mir-182-5p expression to regulate cell cycle and tumor formation in glioma

Background Mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2), are present in most gliomas. IDH1 mutation is an important prognostic marker in glioma. However, its regulatory mechanism in glioma remains incompletely understood. Results miR-182-5p expression was increased within IDH1-mutant glioma specimens according to TCGA, CGGA, and online dataset GSE119740, as well as collected clinical samples. (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate ((R)-2HG) treatment up-regulated the expression of miR-182-5p, enhanced glioma cell proliferation, and suppressed apoptosis; miR-182-5p inhibition partially eliminated the oncogenic effects of R-2HG upon glioma cells. By direct binding to Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2 C (CDKN2C) 3'UTR, miR-182-5p inhibited CDKN2C expression. Regarding cellular functions, CDKN2C knockdown promoted R-2HG-treated glioma cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and relieved cell cycle arrest. Furthermore, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the effects of miR-182-5p inhibition on cell phenotypes. Moreover, CDKN2C knockdown exerted opposite effects on cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers to those of miR-182-5p inhibition; also, CDKN2C knockdown partially attenuated the functions of miR-182-5p inhibition in cell cycle check point and apoptosis markers. The engineered CS-NPs (antagomir-182-5p) effectively encapsulated and delivered antagomir-182-5p, enhancing anti-tumor efficacy in vivo, indicating the therapeutic potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) in targeting the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis against R-2HG-driven oncogenesis in mice models. Conclusions These insights highlight the potential of CS-NPs(antagomir-182-5p) to target the miR-182-5p/CDKN2C axis, offering a promising therapeutic avenue against R-2HG's oncogenic influence to glioma.

Transauricular arterial access for hepatic artery embolization in rabbit VX2 liver tumor

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of percutaneous transauricular artery access for hepatic artery catheterization using a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) device and hepatic artery catheterization through auricular approach. Methods: Ten New Zealand White rabbits were used to establish a VX2 liver tumor model. Hepatic artery angiography and embolization were performed 3 weeks after inoculation. The rabbits were restrained in supine position under anesthesia. Intra-arterial access was accomplished with percutaneous Seldinger technique through the auricular artery using a PICC device. The hepatic artery catheterization was performed with a microcatheter and guide wire. The rate of technical success and procedure time was investigated. Results: Two rabbits failed initial percutaneous transauricular arterial access, with success in a contralateral attempt. Thus, percutaneous transauricular arterial access was achieved in 10 of 12 auricular arteries, with a technical success rate of 83.3%. The time needed to obtain intra-auricular access was 7.2 ± 3.1 min. Hepatic artery catheterization, angiography, and embolization were accomplished through the auricular approach in all 10 rabbits. Conclusion: Arterial access in rabbits can be achieved through the auricular artery. Hepatic artery catheterization, angiography, and embolization can be performed through auricular arterial access

Association of endoscopic esophageal variceal ligation with duodenal ulcer

Objective: to determine the frequency of duodenal ulcer [DU], as well as other clinical characteristics occurring after endoscopic variceal ligation [EVL] of the esophagus

Study Design: descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China, from April 2012 to April 2013

Methodology: a total of 47 patients with esophageal varices [EVr] who had also undergone EVL and gastroscopic follow-up within 3 months of the procedure was retrospectively analyzed. The status of Helicobacter pylori [Hp] infection, Child-Pugh classification, and the grades of portal hypertensive gastropathy [PHG] were collected. Sixty EVr patients without EVL treatment, but with clinical data available, served as the control group

Results: the frequency of DU in the EVL group [29.8%, 14/47] was higher than the control group [6.7%, 4/60] [p=0.02]. Hp infection rate in EVL group was 19.15% [9/47], while in control group was 21.67% [13/60] [p=0.813]. Hp positive rate [12.5%, 1/8] in patients exhibited new DUs after EVL was comparable to the patients without DU in the EVL group [12.1%, 4/33] [p=1.00]. Patients with DU after EVL received 18.79 +/- 8.48 of ligating bands, while in those who did not exhibit DUs received 13.85 +/- 6.47 [z = -2.042, p = 0.041]. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of DU was not associated with age, gender, Child-Pugh classification, or the grade of PHG [p > 0.05]

Conclusion: esophageal EVL is associated with a higher frequency of developing DU, which is related to a larger number of applied bands but is not correlated with Hp infection status or other variables

α-Adducin gene G614T polymorphisms in essential hypertension patients with high low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels.

Background & objectives: The association between α-adducin gene G614T polymorphism and essential hypertension (EH) is not clear. The present study was carried out to examine a possible association between α-adducin gene G614T mutation and essential hypertension in Chinese population. Methods: A total of 170 patients with essential hypertension (EH group) and 154 normotensive subjects (Control group) were genotyped for the cytoskeletal protein single nucleotide polymorphism G614T of the α-adducin gene by PCR-RFLP technique. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), left atrial diameter (LA DIA), left ventricular diameter (LV DIA) and other parameters were recorded in EH group. Results: There was significant association between EH and α-adducin genotypes (P<0.05). GT and TT genotypes in EH group had higher LDL levels as compared to GG carriers (P<0.05). The LDL concentration was significantly elevated in patients with GT and TT genotypes. The LDL levels also differed significantly in male patients with all the three genotypes. Interpretation & conclusions: A significant association was found between ADD1 gene G614T polymorphism and EH in Chinese patients. Further studies need to be done to confirm these findings in a large sample.