ABSTRACT
Objective:Heme chloride(Hemin)is an in vitro purified form of natural heme and an important raw material for anti-anemia and antitumor drugs.This study aims to analyze the protective effect of Hemin on tissue damage in low-pressure oxygen chamber simulated plateau hypoxic mice,and explore its role in anti-plateau hypoxia. Methods:Thirty male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a positive drug group(acetazolomide,200 mg/kg),a Hemin low-dose group(15 mg/kg),a Hemin medium-dose group(30 mg/kg),and a Hemin high-dose group(60 mg/kg)with intraperitoneal injection.The anti-hypoxic activity of Hemin was explored by atmospheric closed hypoxia experiment and the optimal dose was screened.Thirty-six male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a hypoxia group,a positive drug group,and a Hemin high-dose group.The plasma inflammatory factor levels and oxidative stress indicators malondialdehyde(MDA),glutataione(GSH),and superoxide dismutase(SOD)levels of myocardium,brain,lung,and liver tissues were measured in different groups with hypoxia for 24 h.The degree of histopathological damage of mice was observed with HE staining.The degree of protection of Hemin against tissue hypoxia injury was detected with the hypoxia probe piperidazole. Results:Compared with the blank group,the survival time of mice in the positive drug group,the Hemin medium-dose group,and high-dose group was significantly extended(all P<0.05),with the highest prolongation rate in the Hemin high-dose group.Compared with the hypoxia group,mice in the Hemin high-dose group showed a significant increase in SOD level and GSH content of brain tissue,and a significant decrease in MDA content of lung tissue(all P<0.05).The results of HE staining and hypoxia probe showed that Hemin had a significant protective effect on the damage of liver,heart,brain and lung tissues of mice with hypoxia,and the most obvious effect on that of the brain tissue. Conclusion:Hemin has an effect of improvement on oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by hypoxia,and has obvious protective effect on tissue damage caused by hypoxia.
ABSTRACT
Due to factors such as low pressure, low oxygen and cold in the plateau environment, people who enter the plateau rapidly are susceptible to digestive system diseases, such as upper abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting and other gastrointestinal dysfunction, which seriously affect the health and work ability of people who enter the plateau rapidly. The gastrointestinal dysfunction caused by the rapid advance to the plateau is mainly reflected in three aspects: gastrointestinal motility dysfunction, impaired mucosal barrier function, and intestinal flora imbalance. At present, the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal dysfunction is still not very clear, and there are fewer drugs for targeted prevention and treatment. Gastrointestinal hormones, oxygen free radicals, inflammatory factors, intestinal flora and other factors, as well as the protective effects of related drugs were reviewed in this paper to provide treatment options and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of the gastrointestinal emergency response caused by entering the plateau.
ABSTRACT
Tibetan is a kind of medicine which extensively absorbed and fused the Chinese Traditional Medicine, Indian medicine and food through long-term practice and form the unique medical system. At the same time, the Qinghai Tibet plateau has characteristics of high altitude and lack of resources and oxygen, which has formed its unique geographical environment and grow a lot of rare medicinal plants. Tibetan medicine has a long history and is one of the relatively complete and influential ethnic medicines in China, which has played an important role in the treatment of plateau diseases. In recent years, with the increasing of economic activities in the plateau, the plateau anoxia had greatly affected the working capacity of the plateau. According to "Chinese medicine" through the literature, the pharmacological activities, active ingredients, growing environment of Tibetan medicine with good plateau hypoxia effect were reviewed and according to the site, which could be divided into the lung protection medicine, the cardiac protection medicine, the brain protection medicine, the liver protection medicine, the improvement of fatigue medicine and other medicine, which could provide theoretical basis for finding more potential anti-hypoxia drugs.