ABSTRACT
Familial cortical myoclonic tremor with epilepsy (FCMTE) is a rare neurological disorder. There were more than 10 different terms of disease name in domestic and international published articles by searching FCMTE from PubMed and Wanfang database (from 1990 to 2022), which indicated the different understanding of the disease. It is necessary to discuss the correct and consentaneous name of the disease to facilitate the professional investigation in the future. The name evolution of FCMTE and the author′s views are described in this article.
ABSTRACT
Hypoxia conditioning could increase the survival of transplanted neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) in rats with cerebral ischemia but could also hinder neuronal differentiation partly by suppressing mitochondrial metabolism. In this work, the mitochondrial metabolism of hypoxia-conditioned NPCs (hcNPCs) was upregulated via the additional administration of resveratrol, an herbal compound, to resolve the limitation of hypoxia conditioning on neuronal differentiation. Resveratrol was first applied during the in vitro neuronal differentiation of hcNPCs and concurrently promoted the differentiation, synaptogenesis, and functional development of neurons derived from hcNPCs and restored the mitochondrial metabolism. Furthermore, this herbal compound was used as an adjuvant during hcNPC transplantation in a photothrombotic stroke rat model. Resveratrol promoted neuronal differentiation and increased the long-term survival of transplanted hcNPCs. 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and rotarod test showed that resveratrol and hcNPC transplantation synergistically improved the neurological and metabolic recovery of stroke rats. In conclusion, resveratrol promoted the neuronal differentiation and therapeutic efficiency of hcNPCs in stroke rats via restoring mitochondrial metabolism. This work suggested a novel approach to promote the clinical translation of NPC transplantation therapy.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Brain Ischemia/drug therapy , Cell Differentiation , Hypoxia , Neurons , Resveratrol/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder associated with both genetic and environmental risks. Neuroimaging approaches have been widely employed to parse the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying ASD, and provide critical insights into the anatomical, functional, and neurochemical changes. We reviewed recent advances in neuroimaging studies that focused on ASD by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emission tomography (PET), or single-positron emission tomography (SPECT). Longitudinal structural MRI has delineated an abnormal developmental trajectory of ASD that is associated with cascading neurobiological processes, and functional MRI has pointed to disrupted functional neural networks. Meanwhile, PET and SPECT imaging have revealed that metabolic and neurotransmitter abnormalities may contribute to shaping the aberrant neural circuits of ASD. Future large-scale, multi-center, multimodal investigations are essential to elucidate the neurophysiological underpinnings of ASD, and facilitate the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers and better-targeted therapy.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To investigate the relationship between IL-23R gene polymorphism and carotid atherosclerosis and vulnerability of carotid plaque in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods A total of 460 patients with ischemic stroke hospitalized in our department from January 2019 to October 2019 were recruited in this study.The patients were divided into non-plaque group (112 cases),stable plaque group (164 cases) and vulnerable plaque group (184 cases),according to the results of carotid ultrasonography.Genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for the IL-23R gene rs6682925 polymorphism.Results The genotype and allele frequencies of rs6682925 in stable plaque group and vulnerable plaque group were significantly different from non-plaque group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of rs6682925 between stable plaque group and vulnerable plaque group (P＞0.05).After adjusting risk factors (age,FIB，HCY and diabetes),the risk of rs6682925 CC genotype carriers suffer from carotid atherosclerotic plaque was 2.616 times that of TT genotype (95%CI 1.399~4.904,P=0.001).Conclusions IL-23R rs6682925 gene polymorphism is associated with carotid atherosclerosis,and the rs6682925 CC genotype might act as a risk factor for carotid atherosclerosis plaque.However,rs6682925 gene polymorphism may not associated with vulnerability of carotid plaque.