ABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) has been successfully used as standard therapy for hematological disorders. After conditioning therapy, patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT, present three different phases of engraftment: early pre-engraftment, early post-engraftment, and late engraftment. Severe complications are associated with morbidity, mortality, and malignancies in these phases, which include effects on the oral cavity. Objectives The changes in the salivary composition after HSCT may contribute to identifying relevant proteins that could map differences among the phases of diseases, driven for personalized diagnostics and therapy. Methods Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from patients submitted to HSCT. The samples were submitted to trypsin digestion for a Mass spectrometry analysis. MaxQuant processed the Data analysis, and the relevant expressed proteins were subjected to pathway and network analyses. Results Differences were observed in the most identified proteins, specifically in proteins involved with the regulation of body fluid levels and the mucosal immune response. The heatmap showed a list of proteins exclusively expressed during the different phases of HSCT: HBB, KNG1, HSPA, FGB, APOA1, PFN1, PRTN3, TMSB4X, YWHAZ, CAP1, ACTN1, CLU and ALDOA. Bioinformatics analysis implicated pathways involved in protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, complement and coagulation cascades, apoptosis signaling, and cholesterol metabolism. Conclusion The compositional changes in saliva reflected the three phases of HSCT and demonstrated the usefulness of proteomics and computational approaches as a revolutionary field in diagnostic methods.
ABSTRACT
A carreira médica pode desencadear alterações patológicas na saúde mental, que podem ter início já na graduação. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a prevalência de Transtornos Psiquiátricos Menores (TPMe) e a procura por ajuda em estudantes de um curso de Medicina. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com uma população de 343 estudantes da primeira à quarta série, maiores de 18 anos. Foram realizadas entrevistas, em salas de aula, por meio de dois questionários estruturados, o Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e outro elaborado pelos autores. Análises descritiva, univariada, bivariada e estatística foram utilizadas mediante o programa Microsoft Excel. Os resultados evidenciaram que, entre os acadêmicos com TPMe, 41,6 por cento (a maioria) moravam sozinhos e 75 por cento eram mulheres. Entre os acometidos, 59,2 por cento não conheciam qualquer programa e apenas 9,1 por cento procuraram ajuda. O uso de medicamento foi duas vezes mais prevalente em mulheres com TPMe do que em homens, sendo antidepressivos e ansiolíticos os mais usados. A prevalência de 26,1 por cento de TPMe nos alunos, associada a baixa procura por cuidados e a relatos de automedicação, demonstra a inefetividade dos atuais programas de apoio.
The medical career can trigger pathological changes in mental health that may even begin during undergraduate medical training. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of minor psychiatric disorders (MPD) and the search for counseling by medical students. This was a cross-sectional study of a sample of 343 1st to 4th-year medical students 18 years and older. Interviews were conducted in the classroom using two structured questionnaires, the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and another prepared by the authors. Descriptive, univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel. Among students with MPD, 41.6 percent lived alone and 75.0 percent were women. Among the ill, 59.2 percent were unfamiliar with any counseling program, and only 9.1 percent sought help. Medication for PMD was twice as prevalent in females as compared to males (with antidepressants and anxiolytics as the most frequently used medicines). The 26.1 percent prevalence rate of students with MPD, plus the frequent self-medication and low demand for professional care, demonstrated the ineffectiveness of current psychological support programs.