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Objective @#To construct a rat model of trigeminal neuralgia ( TN) to explore the expression of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the possible mechanism of HMGB1 effect on pain . @*Methods @#TN model was constructed by infraorbital nerve constriction and divided into operation group (CCI group) and Sham group , and the success of the model construction was determined through mechanical pain thresh old assessment. Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR ( RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to detect high mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) , Toll receptor 4 (TLR4) , and Nuclear Factor Kappa B(NF-κB) mRNA and protein expression in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG) of the Sham and CCI rats . 50 mg/kg HMGB1 inhibi tor glycyrrhizin (GL) was inj ected intraperitoneally every day for two week s , and normal saline (NS) was used as control . The patients were divided into CCI group , CCI + NS group and CCI + GL group . HMGB1 , TLR4 , and NF- κB mRNA and protein expression in the ipsilateral trigeminal ganglion (TG) were detected by RT-qPCR and West ern blot in CCI group , CCI + NS group , and CCI + GL group . @*Results @#The mechanical threshold on the operated side of the rat continued to decrease (P < 0.05) , and mechanical pain threshold identification model was success fully constructed . After chronic compressive injury to the infraorbital nerve in rats , HMGB1 , TLR4 , and NF-κB mRNA and protein expression in TG on the operated side increased ( P < 0.05) ; After administration of HMGB1 inhibitor Glcyrrhizin , HMGB1 , TLR4 , NF-κB showed a decrease (P < 0.05) .@*Conclusion @#HMGB1 is associat ed with TN , and HMGB1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of TN through TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Objective @#To investigate the pathological role of detect protein kinase C(PKC)/ transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 ( TRPV1) pathway in trigeminal neuralgia ( TN) in rats.@*Methods @#The infraorbital nerve⁃chronic constriction injury (ION⁃CCI) was used to establish a rat model of TN. The rats were randomly divided into Sham group , CCI group , CCI + DMSO group and CCI + GF109203X ( a PKC inhibitor) group. The mechanical pain threshold of the rats was measured using a Von Frey brush. qRT⁃PCR and Western blot were used to detect PKC and TRPV1 in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) . HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of TG.@*Results @#The mechanical pain threshold significantly decreased (P < 0. 05) , and the expression of phosphorylated PKC(p⁃PKC) and TRPV1 in TG significantly increased in the CCI group (P < 0. 05) . Histopathological results showed that compared with the Sham group , the CCI group observed significant changes in TG such as increased inflammatory cell infiltration and nerve cell swelling. Injection of GF109203X effectively reduced the phosphorylation of PKC and the expression of TRPV1 in the TG of rats , and the mechanical pain threshold of the rats increased (P < 0. 05) . Under the light microscope , cell swelling and inflammatory cells in the TG were reduced.@*Conclusion @#PKC/TRPV1 pathway may be involved in trigeminal neuralgia in rats.
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Objective:To compare the effects of treatment with Hybrid-Hyrax-Facemask(FM)versus miniscrews in the anterior pal-ate combined with Hybrid-Hyrax-Facemask(MSI/FM)for patients with early Class Ⅲ malocclusion and maxillary deficiency.Methods:18 patients aged with early Class Ⅲ malocclusion and maxillary deficiency were randomly divided into 2 groups(n=9)and treated with FM and MSI/FM respectively.Alternating rapid maxillary expansion and constriction(Alt-RAMEC)protocol combined with a maxillary protraction force of 3.92 N was applied on each side of all patients from elastics connected to the facemask in a down-ward and forward direction of 30° to the occlusal plane.Iortho cephalometric software was used to analyze the data of lateral cephalo-grams of the patients before(T0)and after(T1)treatment.Results:Improvement was verified in the facial profile and occlusion of all patients.In MSI/FM group the average treatment time was shorter.There were significant differences(P＜0.05)between T0 and T1 in the following measurements in FM group:SNA,ANB,Co-A,Co-Gn,Wits,S-Go,Na-Me,MP,U1-SN,UADH,LADH,Overjet,UL-EP increased,U1-L1 decreased.There were significant differences(P＜0.05)between T0 and T1 in the following measurements in the MSI/FM group:SNA,ANB,Co-A,Wits,Na-Me,MP,Y-axis,U1-SN,Overjet,UL-EP increased,SNB,Co-Gn-Co-A,S-Go/N-Me,U1-L1,L1-MP decreased.Conclusion:Both FM and MSI/FM combined with Alt-RAMEC protocol and a maxillary protraction force are effective in the treatment for Class Ⅲ patients with maxillary deficiency.MSI/FM may produce more significant bone effect and re-duce dental compensation,promote more forward growth of midface and more improvement in the growth direction of mandible and re-duce compensatory lip inclination of anterior teeth in shorter treatment time.
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Objective:To understand the in vitro antimicrobial resistance and resistance phenotypes profile of Streptococcus suis strains isolated from human in Zhejiang Province. Methods:The strains of sporadic Streptococcus suis infections were isolated during 2005 to 2021 in Zhejiang Province, and were subjected to antimicrobial resistance analysis using agar dilution method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology was also used to detect 70 resistance genes including tetracyclines, macrolides and aminoglycosides. Results:The results of antimicrobial resistance analysis showed that these strains were sensitive to eleven kinds of antimicrobial agents with a sensitivity rate ≥96.8%, including cefepime, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, daptomycin, ertapenem, levofloxacin, linezolid, meropenem, penicillin and vancomycin. These strains were mainly resistant to tetracycline, clindamycin, azithromycin and erythromycin, especially resistant to tetracycline with a rate of 93.5%(29/31). Fourteen strains (45.2%) exhibited multidrug resistant patterns. The PCR analysis of 70 drug resistance genes showed that 14(20.0%) different resistance genes were detected. The highest detection rate of resistant genes came from tetracycline, including tet ( O) gene (58.1%, 18/31), tet ( M) gene (48.4%, 15/31), tet ( 40) gene (35.5%, 11/31), followed by ermB gene (41.9%, 13/31) in the class of macrolide. Fourteen strains (45.2%) with more than three drug resistance genes were detected, of which eight strains (25.8%) detected 10 drug resistance genes. The analysis of antibiotic resistance and resistance phenotypes profile showed that tet ( M)+ ST7 accounted for 35.5%(11/31), tet( O)+ tet( 40)+ ermB+ mef( A)+ mef( A/ E)+ msrD+ Ant( 6)- Ⅰb+ aph( 3′)- Ⅲa+ aadB+ sat4+ ST7 accounted for 25.8%(8/31). Conclusions:The antimicrobial resistance and resistance phenotypes profile of sporadic Streptococcus suis strains isolated from human in Zhejiang Province are endemic, with mainly two types of characteristic genetic cloning of drug resistance genes.
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Objective To observe the surface electromyographic characteristics of the bilateral submen-tal muscles in dysphagia secondary to unilateral brainstem stroke. Methods A total of 25 subjects were recrui-ted. There were 8 stroke patients with dysphagia secondary to a left brainstem stroke and 7 stroke patients with dysphagia secondary to a right brainstem stroke. There were also 10 healthy controls matched in age and gender. The duration and peak amplitude of the submental muscle when swallowing 5 ml of warm water were recorded u-sing a surface electromyograph. Results The average amplitude of the left submental muscle in patients with a left brainstem stroke was significantly longer than that of those with a right brainstem stroke, but no significant differences in average duration were observed. Conversely, the amplitude of the right submental muscle in pa-tients with a right brainstem stroke was significantly longer than that of those with left brainstem stroke, but again there were no significant differences in duration. No significant differences were observed among the healthy con-trols. The amplitude and duration of both the affected and healthy sides of the patients were of course significantly longer or stronger than those of the healthy controls. Conclusion The swallowing function of the bilateral sub-mental muscles may be impaired among unilateral stroke survivors with dysphagia. The damage on the affected side is more severe than on the opposite side.
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ving CQI(P＜0.05).Conclusion CQI program effectively reduces CRBSI incidenee in cancer patients with PICC.
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Several aquatic species and their enviroments were examined for presence of Vibrio parahaemo-lyticus between 2007 and 2008 in the coastal areas in Zhejiang province, and some virulence-related genes such as tdh, trh, ureC and vscC2 were investigated from the isolates. V. parahaemolyticus was recovered from 70% of the samples tested (395/566). The genes tdh, trh and ureC existed in 10.1%, 20.0% and 11.1% respectively from 395 isolates. Among the 40 tdh-positive isolates, 32.5% harbored the vscC2 gene, one of the type three secretion system 2 (T3SS2) gene family. Thirty-eight of the 40 tdh-positive isolates were positive for the Kanagawa phenomenon. Out of 44 trh-and-ureC-positive isolates, only six exhibited urease phenotype. Overall, this study reveals the significant prevalence of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in seafoods and their habitats with high diversity of virulence genes. Representative V. parahaemolyticus isolates could beused for further investigation into their pathongenecity, functional genomics, and molecular evolution.