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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） is a chronic liver disease with complex and diverse pathogenesis， and there is no effective treatment or specific drugs for its clinical treatment. In recent years， its incidence has been on the rise， and it has become the earnest expectation of medical researchers in China and abroad that related patients could be treated. AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK） functions to regulate cellular energy homeostasis and mitochondrial homeostasis. When activated， it has a good intervention effect on NAFLD progression with lipid metabolism disorders and mitochondrial homeostasis disorders. For NAFLD， the activation of AMPK can inhibit the production of new lipogenesis in the liver， promote the oxidation of fatty acids in the liver， and enhance the mitochondrial function of adipose tissues. As a key target of metabolic diseases， AMPK can also improve apoptosis， liver fibrosis， autophagy， and inflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is good at treating diseases from multiple targets and multiple pathways and is also commonly used in the treatment of chronic liver disease in clinical practice. A large number of in vitro and in vivo experimental studies on NAFLD have shown that TCM monomers have good prospects for the treatment of NAFLD through the AMPK signaling pathway， including glycosides， phenols， alkaloids， flavonoids， quinones， terpenoids， and lignans， which are natural activators of AMPK. This study reviewed the research progress on TCM monomers in regulating the AMPK pathway to prevent and treat NAFLD， providing a broader perspective for TCM treatment of NAFLD.
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Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of left bundle branch pacing(LBBP) in patients after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Methods: This is a retrospective study. A total of 35 patients underwent TAVI and received pacemaker implantation from January 2018 to December 2020 in Beijing Fuwai Hospital were enrolled. Patients were divided into LBBP group (n=12) and right ventricular apex pacing (RVAP) group (n=23) according to the pacing position. The success rate of operation in LBBP group was calculated, and the occurrence of complications were observed, and the parameters of pacemaker were measured on the 3rd day and 1, 3 and 6 months after operation. The N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), echocardiographic and ECG indexes were compared between the two groups on the 3rd day and 1, 3, and 6 months after pacemaker implantation. Result: A total of 35 patients were included, The age was (76.4±7.7) years, including 19 males (54.3%). The procedure time ((86.58±17.10)min vs. (68.74±9.18)min, P<0.001) and fluoroscopy duration ((20.08±4.44)min vs. (17.00±2.26)min, P<0.001) were significantly longer in LBBP group compared with RVAP group. The operation success rate of LBBP group was 11/12. There was no serious operation related complications such as pneumothorax, hemothorax, electrode dislocation, infection, and lower limb bleeding. The patients were followed up for 7.43 (5.21, 9.84) months. The programmed parameters of pacemaker were in the ideal range and stable during follow-up. At 3 and 6 months after operation, the left ventricular ejection fraction in LBBP group was higher than that in RVAP Group (at 3 months: (60.75±2.89)% vs. (57.35±3.33)%, P=0.004; at 6 months: (63.17±3.33)% vs. (56.17±3.97)%, P<0.001), NT-proBNP values was lower in LBBP group than that in RVAP Group (at 3 months: 822 (607, 1 150)ng/L vs. 1 052 (902, 1 536)ng/L, P=0.006; at 6 months: 440 (330,679)ng/L vs. 783 (588, 1 023)ng/L, P=0.001). At 1, 3 and 6 months after operation, the QRS duration was shorter in LBBP group than that in RVAP group (1 month: 99 (97, 107)ms vs. 126(124, 130)ms, P<0.001; 3 months: 98(96, 105)ms vs. 129(128, 133)ms, P<0.001; 6 months: 96(94, 104)ms vs. 130(128, 132)ms, P<0.001). Conclusions: For patients with permanent pacemaker indications after TAVI, LBBP is feasible, safe and reliable. It could improve the cardiac function in the short term, the long-term effect of LBBP needs to be further observed.
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Bundle of His , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Fluoroscopy , Retrospective Studies , Stroke Volume , Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Ventricular Function, LeftABSTRACT
Objective:To probe the influence of obstruction sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on cardiac function and serum cystatin-C (CC) levels in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), and to discuss its clinical significance.Methods:129 CHF patients suspected of OSAS were selected and divided into observation group (with apnea) and control group (without apnea) according to sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI). The observation group included mild, moderate and severe groups. After admission, the levels of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), N-terminal forebrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and CC were collected for further analysis.Results:The levels of NT-proBNP and CC in 99 patients with CHF complicated with OSAS were higher than those in the control group, while LVEF was lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05); The levels of NT-proBNP and CC in severe group were higher than those in mild and moderate group, while LVEF was significantly lower ( P<0.05); The level of CC in mild to moderate group was higher than that in control group, while LVEF was lower than that in control group ( P<0.05). Rank correlation analysis showed that CC was positively correlated with AHI ( r=0.726, P<0.01); However, there was no significant difference in NT proBNP between mild to moderate group and control group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:OSAS can lead to the deterioration of cardiac function. The CC of CHF patients with OSAS is higher and increases with the aggravation of obstruction. CC may participate in the progression of the disease. A high level of CC may aggravate the development of the disease, and the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular events may also increase.Early prevention and treatment should be given.
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Background/Aims@#Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and bowel dysfunction. However, the majority of previous neuroimaging studies focus on brain structure and connections but seldom on the inter-hemispheric connectivity or structural asymmetry. This study uses multi-modal imaging to investigate the abnormal changes across the 2 cerebral hemispheres in patients with IBS. @*Methods@#Structural MRI, resting-state functional MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging were acquired from 34 patients with IBS and 33 healthy controls. The voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity, fractional anisotropy, fiber length, fiber number, and asymmetry index were calculated and assessed for group differences. In addition, we assessed their relevance for the severity of IBS. @*Results@#Compared with healthy controls, the inter-hemispheric functional connectivity of patients with IBS showed higher levels in bilateral superior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and angular gyrus, but lower in supplementary motor area. The statistical results showed no significant difference in inter-hemispheric anatomical connections and structural asymmetry, however negative correlations between inter-hemispheric connectivity and the severity of IBS were found in some regions with significant difference. @*Conclusions@#The functional connections between cerebral hemispheres were more susceptible to IBS than anatomical connections, and brain structure is relatively stable. Besides, the brain areas affected by IBS were concentrated in default mode network and sensorimotor network.
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Background/Aims@#Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and bowel dysfunction. However, the majority of previous neuroimaging studies focus on brain structure and connections but seldom on the inter-hemispheric connectivity or structural asymmetry. This study uses multi-modal imaging to investigate the abnormal changes across the 2 cerebral hemispheres in patients with IBS. @*Methods@#Structural MRI, resting-state functional MRI, and diffusion tensor imaging were acquired from 34 patients with IBS and 33 healthy controls. The voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity, fractional anisotropy, fiber length, fiber number, and asymmetry index were calculated and assessed for group differences. In addition, we assessed their relevance for the severity of IBS. @*Results@#Compared with healthy controls, the inter-hemispheric functional connectivity of patients with IBS showed higher levels in bilateral superior occipital gyrus, middle occipital gyrus, precuneus, posterior cingulate gyrus, and angular gyrus, but lower in supplementary motor area. The statistical results showed no significant difference in inter-hemispheric anatomical connections and structural asymmetry, however negative correlations between inter-hemispheric connectivity and the severity of IBS were found in some regions with significant difference. @*Conclusions@#The functional connections between cerebral hemispheres were more susceptible to IBS than anatomical connections, and brain structure is relatively stable. Besides, the brain areas affected by IBS were concentrated in default mode network and sensorimotor network.
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@#AIM: To explore the clinical value of oral administration of Tongmai Tangyanming Capsule after 23-gauge(23G)pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR).<p>METHODS: This prospective study included 98 patients(109 eyes)with PDR admitted to the hospital between February 2018 and October 2019. The patients were randomly divided into control group(49 cases, 54 eyes, 23G PPV)and observation group(49 cases, 55 eyes, oral administration of Tongmai Tangyanming Capsule, 750 mg/time, 3 times/d, for 12wk). The best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), intraocular pressure, visual field sensitivity and central macular thickness(CMT)were measured before and 12wk after surgery. Changes in insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)were determined, and insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR)was calculated. The surgical complications and recurrence rate during 12wk of follow-up were observed.<p>RESULTS: At 12wk after surgery, the BCVA(LogMAR)and visual field sensitivity of the two groups were improved(<i>P</i><0.001), and CMT was decreased(<i>P</i><0.001), but there was no significant change in intraocular pressure(<i>P</i>>0.05). Meanwhile, the BCVA and visual field sensitivity of the observation group were higher than those of the control group(<i>P</i><0.05), and CMT was smaller than that of the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). At 12wk after surgery, serum IGF-1, VEGF and HOMA-IR were decreased in the two groups(<i>P</i><0.001), and these indicators in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(<i>P</i><0.001). The incidence of complications and recurrence rate were similar in the two groups(<i>P</i> >0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: Oral administration of Tongmai Tangyanming Capsule after 23G PPV can better promote postoperative visual recovery, improve visual sensitivity, reduce insulin resistance and lower the levels of IGF-1 and VEGF, inhibit retinal neovascularization and proliferation, and reduce the risk of recurrence.
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OBJECTIVE: To analyze the active surveillance results of occupational pneumoconiosis(hereinafter referred to as “pneumoconiosis”) in Beijing in 2019. METHODS: A total of 2 634 dust exposed workers were recruited as the active surveillance subjects by judgment sampling method. The abnormalities and influencing factors of High kV or digital photography of posterior-anterior chest radiography(hereinafter referred to as “chest radiography”) and lung function were analyzed. RESULTS: The detection rate of abnormal chest radiograph and pulmonary dysfunction were 14.0%(368/2 634) and 6.6%(175/2 634), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of abnormal chest radiograph in dust-exposed workers increased with age(P<0.01). Mining and construction workers had higher risk of abnormal chest radiograph than manufacturers(all P<0.05). The risk of abnormal chest radiograph of dusk-exposed workers in state-owned and foreign enterprises was higher than that of workers in private enterprises(P<0.05). The risk of pulmonary dysfunction was increased with age and length of dust exposure(all P<0.05). Workers exposed to silica dust and aluminum dust had higher risks than those exposed to welding dust(all P<0.01). The risk of pulmonary dysfunction of workers in small and micro enterprises was higher than that of workers in large enterprises(all P<0.01). Mining workers had higher risks of pulmonary dysfunction than manufacturing workers(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Age, length of dust exposure, dust type, industry type, enterprise scale and economic type were the influencing factors of lung injury of dust exposed workers. Therefore, the supervision of key population and industries should be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of pneumoconiosis.
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OBJECTIVE：To investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of 70％ ethanol extracts from Garcinia oblongifolia （GOEE）on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells and its potential molecular mechanism. METHODS ：GOEE was obtained after the fresh G. oblongifolia epicarp refluxed with 70％ ethanol. The contents of total phenol and total flavonoids were determined by Folin-Ciocalteau assay and UV spectrophotometer. MTT assay was used to detect the cytotoxicity of different doses of GOEE. The inflammatory model was induced in RAW 264.7 cells by lipopolysa- ccharide （LPS）. Using dexamethasone and N-acetyl-L-cysteine as positive control ，Griess assay and 2′，7′-dichloro- fluorescein assay were used to detect the contents of NO in cell culture medium and ROS in cells. The levels of TNF-α，IL-6，and IL- 1β in cell culture medium were measured by ELISA. The protein expression of p 65，p-p65，IκBα，p-IκBα，HO-1 in cells and NRF 2 in nucleus were determined by using Western blotting assay. RESULTS：The contents of total phenol and flavonoids in GOEE were （20.191±1.264）and（12.571±0.020）mg/g，respectively. At the concentration below 500 μ g/mL， GOEE had no significantly effect on survival rate of RAW 264.7 cells（P＞ 294043）0.05）. Compared with control group ，the contents of NO and ROS，the levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and IL- 1β，ratio of p-p 65 top65，ratio of p-IκBα to IκBα，protein expression of NRF 2 were increased significantly in LPS model group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with LPS model group ，the contents of NO（except for GOEE 50 μg/mL group）and ROS ，the levels of TNF-α，IL-6 and IL- 1β，ratio of p-p 65 to p 65 and ratio of p-IκBα to IκBα were decreased significantly in GOEE groups and positive control groups ，while protein expression of HO- 1 and NRF 2 were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：GOEE attenuates LPS-induced macrophages inflammation injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response and the phosphorylation of NF-κB pathway，promoting NRF 2 protein transportation to the nucleus.
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Objective:To explore the predictive value of fractional excretion of IgG (FE IgG) on drug responsiveness and remission in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).Methods:Retrospective analysis of 82 patients with IMN diagnosed by clinical and pathological data and regularly followed up from April 2014 to August 2017. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the FE IgG threshold. Comparing the difference of remission time under different baseline levels of FE IgG, and analyzing the effect of different levels of FE IgG on the drug responsiveness of immunosuppressive therapy (tacrolimus or cyclophosphamide) and supportive therapy.Results:Areas under the curve (AUC) of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), 24-hour urinary protein quantity and FE IgG were 0.509, 0.701 and 0.948, respectively. Before treatment, there was no significant difference in gender, age, mean arterial pressure and eGFR between the high FE IgG group (FE IgG>0.029) and low FE IgG group (FE IgG<0.029) ( P>0.05). The remission time of high FE IgG group was (18.75±6.81)months, while it was (8.46±3.74)months in low FE IgG group, with significant difference ( P<0.01). There was no difference in remission time of immunosuppressive therapy and supportive therapy in low FE IgG group ( P=0.265), bo-th of which were lower than the high-level immunosuppressive therapy group ( P<0.001). The remission time of tacrolimus was shorter than that of cyclophosphamide in high FE IgG group, but with no significant difference ( P=0.131). There was significant difference in the remission time of tacrolimus between the high and low level groups of FE IgG ( P<0.01). Under electron microscope, the ratio of foot process fusion and podocyte diffuse vacuolar degeneration in the high level group of FE IgG was higher than that in the low level group ( P<0.01). Conclusions:FE IgG can be used as a clinical indicator for predicting drug responsiveness and remission in patients with IMN, and is essential for early identification of high-risk patients and for making clinical decisions. Patients with high FE-IgG may benefit from early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy.
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Objective: To expore the effects of cucurbitacin B (CUB) combined with oxaliplatin (OXA) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human colon cancer SW480 cells, and to clarify their mechanisms. Methods: The SW480 cells were divided into control group, 10, 20, and 40 μmol • L-1 CUB groups, OXA group (100 μmol • L _ 1 ) and combination group (40 μmol • L _ 1 CUB + 1 0 0 μmol • L _ 1 O X A). The proliferation rate of the SW480 was determined by M T T assay. Hoechst33258 staining was used to observe the morphology of SW480 cells. The cell cycle and apoptotic rates of SW480 cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions levels of caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were measured by Western blotting method. Results: The M T T results showed that compared with control group, the proliferation rates of the SW480 cells in different doses of CUB groups and OXA group were significantly decreased (P < 0. 0 5); compared with different doses of CUB groups and OXA group, the proliferation rate of the SW480 cells in combination group was significantly decreased (P < 0. 05). The results of Hoechst 33258 staining showed that the blue fluorescence in the SW480 cells in different doses of CUB groups and OXA group were brighter than that in control group, which showed granular blue fluorescence in the cell nucles. Compared with different doses of CUB groups and OXA group, the blue fluorescence in the SW480 cells in combination group was more significantly bright, and granular blue fluorescence was significantly increased. The cell cycle detection results of flow cytometry showed that compared with control group, the percentages of the SW480 cells in G2/M phase in different doses of CUB groups and combination group were incresaed (P < 0. 0 5); the percentages of SW480 cells in S phase in 40 μmol • L _ 1 CUB group, OXA group and combination group were incresaed (P < 0. 05). The apoptosis detection results of flow cytometry showed that compared with control group, the apoptotic rates of the SW480 cells in different doses of CUB groups and OXA group were increased (P < 0. 05); compared with different doses of CUB groups and OXA group, the apoptotic rate of the SW480 cells in combination group was significantly increased (P < 0. 05). The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group, the expressions levels of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in the SW480 cells in different doses of CUB groups and OXA group were decreased (P < 0. 0 5), the expression levels of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax were increased (P < 0. 05), and the Bcl-2/Bax ratios were decreased (P < 0. 05); compared with different doses of CUB groups and OXA group, the changes of the above protein expression levels, the cleaved caspase-3/caspase-3 ratio and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in combination group were more obvious (P < 0. 05). Conclusion: CUB combined with OXA can effectively inhinbit the proliferation of colon cancer SW480 cells, and its mechanism may be related to the S and G2/M phase arrest, up regulation of the ratio of cleaved-caspase-3/caspase-3 and down-regulation of the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the method and effect of small incision TightRope fixation in the treatment of fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocation.@*METHODS@#From January 2016 to May 2018, 28 cases of fresh acromioclavicular dislocation were treated, including 20 males and 8 females, aged 26 to 87 years with an average age of 51.3 years. The modified Rockwood classification included 1 case of typeⅡ, 22 cases of typeⅢand 4 cases of type V. The average time from injury to operation was 2.4 days. The operative time, shoulder function recovery time and postoperative complications were recorded, and the immediate reduction effect and Karlsson function of shoulder joint were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#In 28 patients, only one Rockwood typeⅡ was used to reconstruct the pyramidal ligament, and the other 27 were used to reconstruct the pyramidal ligament and the trapezoid ligament. The average operation time was (66.50±12.62) min (including intraoperative fluoroscopy time). Twenty-eight cases were followed up for 11 to 20 (16.7±4.6) months. The recovery time of shoulder function was 2 to 7 months with an average of 4 months. During the follow-up period, 1 case had osteolysis and loss of reduction at the clavicular plate site, and the rest had no complications such as re-dislocation and button plate prolapse. Immediate reduction effect after operation:6 cases with reduction insufficiency, 17 cases with complete reduction and 5 cases with excessive reduction;Karlsson function evaluation of shoulder joint in the last follow-up:excellent in 21 cases, good in 6 cases and poor in 1 case;Pearson analysis =0.060, suggesting that the immediate reduction effect of fresh acromioclavicular dislocation operation has no significant correlation with Karlsson function evaluationof shoulder joint in the last follow-up.@*CONCLUSION@#TightRope fixation through a small incision in the base of coracoid process is a simple and effective method for the treatment of dislocation of acromioclavicular joint. There was no significant correlation between the slight difference of immediate reduction effect within 5 mm and Karlsson function evaluation of shoulder joint in the last follow-up. It is suggested to pay attention to the loss of reduction and osteolysis of clavicular plate in clinical follow-up.
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Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Acromioclavicular Joint , Clavicle , Coracoid Process , Joint Dislocations , Shoulder Dislocation , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the neuroprotective effect of minocycline on the secondary injury after acute closed spinal cord injury in rats. Methods:A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into saline group (n = 8), magnesium chloride group (n = 8) and minocycline group (n = 8). The closed spinal cord injury model was prepared with balloon compression in the dorsal spinal cord of rat, which was evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging. All rats were successively administered their own drugs for seven days after injury, respectively. They were assessed with BBB score two to 31 days after operation. Their motor-evoked potential and sensory-evoked potential were detected 31 days after operation, and then Luxol Fast Blue was used to observe the area of secondary injury. Results:Animal magnetic resonance imaging showed hypointense in T2 images in T10 spinal cord. BBB score was more in the minocycline group than in the saline group since 17 days after operation (P < 0.05). The amplitude of motor-evoked potential was higher in the minocycline group than in the saline group (P < 0.05), while the area of secondary injury was less (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Minocycline may protect the nerves from secondary injury after acute spinal cord injury.
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OBJECTIVE@#To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) with refractory epilepsy in children.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples were collected from 200 children with epilepsy and 100 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to PCR amplification, agarose gel electrophoresis and target site sequencing. Genotypes of rs1922242, rs2235048, rs10808072, rs868755 and rs1202184 loci of the MDR1 gene were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#No significant difference was found in genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of the rs1922242, rs2235048, rs10808072 and rs868755 loci between the drug-resistant and drug-sensitive groups. For the rs1202184 locus, a significant difference in genotypic distribution was found (P=0.008). No significant difference was found in the frequencies of various haplotypes between the two groups.@*CONCLUSION@#Genotypes of the rs1202184 locus of the MDR1 gene are associated with refractory epilepsy in children, for which the AA genotype plays a dominant role.
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Child , Humans , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , Drug Resistant Epilepsy , Genetics , Gene Frequency , Genotype , Haplotypes , Polymorphism, Single NucleotideABSTRACT
BACKGROUND@#Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a contributing factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-invasive algorithms including fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) have been used as a screening test for NAFLD in epidemiologic studies. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FLI and HSI for NAFLD detection in adults with OSAHS.@*METHODS@#We enrolled consecutive adult subjects who were newly diagnosed with OSAHS from March 2016 to January 2018. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. The accuracy and cut-off point of the FLI and HSI to detect NAFLD were assessed by analyzing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve and the maximum Youden index analysis, respectively.@*RESULTS@#The 326 subjects were diagnosed as NAFLD according to ultrasound findings, while 105 subjects who had normal abdominal ultrasonography were grouped as controls. Both FLI and HSI values were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with controls. The AUROC of FLI and HSI for predicting NAFLD was 0.802 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.762-0.839) and 0.753 (95% CI 0.710-0.793), respectively. The AUROC of FLI was significantly higher than that of HSI (P = 0.0383). The optimal cut-off value of FLI and HSI was 60 (sensitivity 66% and specificity 80%) and 35 (sensitivity 81% and specificity 60%), respectively.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Both FLI and HSI can serve as screening tools for NAFLD in OSAHS adults. The FLI shows better performance in diagnosing NAFLD than HSI.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-OOB-15007253), http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11606.
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Background@#Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a contributing factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Non-invasive algorithms including fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) have been used as a screening test for NAFLD in epidemiologic studies. The aim of this study is to compare the diagnostic accuracy of FLI and HSI for NAFLD detection in adults with OSAHS.@*Methods@#We enrolled consecutive adult subjects who were newly diagnosed with OSAHS from March 2016 to January 2018. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasonography. The accuracy and cut-off point of the FLI and HSI to detect NAFLD were assessed by analyzing the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve and the maximum Youden index analysis, respectively.@*Results@#The 326 subjects were diagnosed as NAFLD according to ultrasound findings, while 105 subjects who had normal abdominal ultrasonography were grouped as controls. Both FLI and HSI values were significantly higher in patients with NAFLD compared with controls. The AUROC of FLI and HSI for predicting NAFLD was 0.802 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.762-0.839) and 0.753 (95% CI 0.710-0.793), respectively. The AUROC of FLI was significantly higher than that of HSI (P = 0.0383). The optimal cut-off value of FLI and HSI was 60 (sensitivity 66% and specificity 80%) and 35 (sensitivity 81% and specificity 60%), respectively.@*Conclusions@#Both FLI and HSI can serve as screening tools for NAFLD in OSAHS adults. The FLI shows better performance in diagnosing NAFLD than HSI.@*Trial registration@#Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR-OOB-15007253), http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11606.
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Objective@#To assess the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) with refractory epilepsy in children.@*Methods@#Peripheral blood samples were collected from 200 children with epilepsy and 100 healthy controls. Genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to PCR amplification, agarose gel electrophoresis and target site sequencing. Genotypes of rs1922242, rs2235048, rs10808072, rs868755 and rs1202184 loci of the MDR1 gene were analyzed.@*Results@#No significant difference was found in genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of the rs1922242, rs2235048, rs10808072 and rs868755 loci between the drug-resistant and drug-sensitive groups. For the rs1202184 locus, a significant difference in genotypic distribution was found (P = 0.008). No significant difference was found in the frequencies of various haplotypes between the two groups.@*Conclusion@#Genotypes of the rs1202184 locus of the MDR1 gene are associated with refractory epilepsy in children, for which the AA genotype plays a dominant role.
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Objective To compare the diagnostic accuracy of magnifying chromoendoscopy (MCE) and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for preoperative endoscopic assessment of the invasion depth of colorectal laterally spreading tumour(LST).Methods Data of 104 cases of colorectal LST were included.With the final pathological diagnosis as the golden standard,the accuracies of MCE and EUS for preoperative assessment of the invasion depth of colorectal LST were compared.Results The diagnostic accuracies of MCE and EUS for evaluating the invasion depth of LST were 89.4％ (93/104) and 73.1％ (76/104),respectively(P＜0.05).The lesion size and the endoscopist could affect the accuracy of the EUS evaluation (P=0.017,OR=3.561;P=0.035,OR =1.399).The accuracy of EUS seemed to show a downward trend for colorectal LST of larger diameters.Conclusion Both MCE and EUS are effective for evaluating the invasion depth of colorectal LST,but the accuracy of MCE may be higher than that of EUS.Large diameter of the lesion and the doctor's experience inadequacy may be the risk factors for the accuracy of EUS.
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Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a typical necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus that distributes worldwide and causes severe diseases on a broad-range of plant species. Studies on S. sclerotiorum have been mainly focused on biology and pathology. The development of high-throughput technologies enabled multi-omics approaches for systems biology. This review summarizes current researches on S. sclerotiorum and proposes systemic strategies for understanding its biology and pathology, to provide novel insights and references for further investigation on molecular biology and pathogenesis of the pathogenic fungi and the pathosystems.
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Ascomycota , Plant Diseases , PlantsABSTRACT
AIM:To study whether homocysteine (Hcy) inhibits the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) by microRNA-33 (miRNA-33) signaling, and reduces the efficiency of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT).METHODS:RAW264.7 macrophages were induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) to establish foam cell model.Oil red O staining was used to determine whether the model was established successfully.miRNA-33 mimics and miRNA-33 inhibitor were transfected into the cells by Lipofectamine 2000, and the cells were exposed to Hcy at concentration of 5 mmol/L for 24 h.The intracellular lipid droplets were observed by Oil red O staining.The expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot.The cellular cholesterol content was analyzed by HPLC, and effluent rate of cholesterol was detected by the method of liquid scintillation counting.RESULTS:Compared with blank control group, the lipid content in miRNA-33 mimics group was increased, and the expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 at mRNA and protein levels was decreased (P<0.05).The intracellular cholesterol content was increased gradually (P<0.05) , and the cellular cholesterol efflux rate was gradually decreased (P<0.05) in miRNA-33 mimics group.Compared with blank control group, the testing results in miRNA-33 inhibitor group were the opposition of those in miRNA-33 mimics group (P<0.05).No difference of the above indexes among blank control group, miRNA-33 mimics-NC group and miRNA-33 inhibitor-NC group was observed.CONCLUSION:Hcy inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 through miRNA-33 signaling, and reduces the efficiency of RCT in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells.
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Acute bacterial conjunctivitis is an acute conjunctivitis that is frequently transmitted in summer and autumn. It is a common and frequently occuring disease in opthalmology clinic. Gatifloxacin is an effective antibacterial drug. It not only maintains the antibacterial effect of the three generation of fluoroquinolones on Gram-negative bacteria, but also enhances the effectiveness of gatifloxacin, including other Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobes. In this paper, by taking gatifloxacin eye drops as the experimental drug and levofloxacin as the control drug, we conducted a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of gatifloxacin eye drops in the treatment of acute bacterial conjunctivitis. The clinical results showed that the total effective rate of the Gatifloxacin treatment group was 95%. Conclusion shows that gatifloxacin is a safe and effective antibiotic eye drops. It has broad antibacterial spectrum, strong antibacterial activity and effective clinical treatment, and it can effectively treat acute bacterial conjunctivitis