Meta analysis and GRADE evidence level evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and safety of plum-blossom needle in treating vitiligo / 重庆医学

Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of plum-blossom needle therapy for vitiligo by using the systematic review and meta analysis.Methods The randomized controlled trials(RCT)on plum-blossom needle for treating vitiligo were systematically retrieved from the databases of the PubMed,China Biological Medicine Database,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP database from the database estab-lishment to June 2,2022.The literatures were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The finally included literatures conducted the data extraction.The RevMan 5.4 software was used for conducting the data analysis.The methodological quality evaluation on the included trials was performed by the ROB tool.The GRADE method was used to assess the evidence level.Results A total of 7 trials involving 469 pa-tients were finally included.The meta analysis results showed that the plum-blossom needle combined with other therapies(including laser or ultraviolet irradiation,tacrolimus ointment,compound Kaliziran tincture)was superior to the other therapies alone in the aspects of improving vitiligo skin lesion including reducing the of white spot skin lesion area(MD=-1.11,95％CI:-1.92 to-0.30,P=0.007),increasing the repigment-ation rate of vitiliginous lesions(MD=18.09,95％CI:1.55 to 34.63,P=0.030)and enhancing the pigment deposition in vitiligo lesions(MD=0.92,95％CI:0.32 to 1.52,P=0.003),and improving the patients'quali-ty of life(MD=-7.48,95％CI:-8.04 to-6.92,P＜0.001),and the differences were statistically signifi-cant.In terms of safety,there was no statistically significant difference in adverse events between plum blos-som acupuncture combined with other therapies and other therapies alone(RR=1.20,95％CI:0.77 to 1.84,P=0.420).Conclusion Low or very low evidence shows that plum-blossom needle combined with other therapies for treating vitiligo may enhance the effect in the aspects of improving the white spot skin lesions and quality of life in the patients with vitiligo,moreover which is relatively safe.

Signal mining and analysis for adverse events of avatrombopag based on FAERS / 陆军军医大学学报

Objective To mine the adverse drug events(ADE)signal of avatrombopag,an effective drug for thrombocytopenia treatment,based on real world data in order to provide reference for its clinical safety application.Methods The OpenVigil2.1 pharmacovigilance platform was used to obtain the ADE report data of avatrombopag from May 2018 to March 2023 in the database of FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).The ADE signals were classified and described by the system organ class(SOC)and preferred term(PT)of the ADE terminology set in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities(MedDRA),and reporting odds ratio(ROR)and UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency(MHRA)comprehensive standard were used to detect the positive ADE signals.Results A total of 1 879 ADE reports related to avatrombopag were obtained,24 SOCs were involved,and 28 positive ADE signals were detected at PT level.Among these signals,the strongest ones were renal vein thrombosis,portal vein thrombosis and graft versus host disease,while the reports accounting for the largest numbers were headache,fatigue and asthenia.There were 8 ADE signals discovered newly,that is,seasonal allergy,back disorder,musculoskeletal discomfort,flatulence,hypersomnia,rash macular,emotional disorder,and rhinorrhoea.Conclusion For clinical use of avatrombopag,clinicians should not only concern the risk of thrombosis,but also pay close attention to ADE signals such as seasonal allergy,back disorder,musculoskeletal discomfort,flatulence,hypersomnia,rash macular,emotional disorder,and rhinorrhoea that are not documented in the instructions.

Investigation of continuing education requirements on the diagnosis and management of pain in non-anesthetic residents / 基础医学与临床

Objective To investigate the current status and training requirements of pain medicine among non-anes-thetic residents rotating in the Department of Anesthesiology at a tertiary hospital in Beijing.Methods A self-de-signed questionnaire of"pain medicine education requirements of rotating residents"was administered to each resi-dent on their first day of rotation,and voluntary responses were collected.Results A total of 108 questionnaires were collected(87.1％response rate),comprising 45 from surgical residents,42 from internal medicine resi-dents,and 21 from emergency and intensive care residents.The results showed that surgical residents encountered a higher prevalence of surgery-related pain as compared to internal medicine residents or emergency and intensive care residents(P＜0.001).Internal medicine residents experienced a greater incidence of inflamma-tory pain than surgical residents(P＜0.05)or emergency and intensive care residents(P＜0.01).All residents expressed continuing education requirements on pain management.Regarding training modalities,surgical residents favored medical course(86.7％);internal medicine residents preferred outpatient clinic rotation(88.1％);and emergency and intensive care residents preferred interventional treatment rotations(90.5％).Conclusions There are a wide need for continuing medical education on pain management.The training should be tailored diversely based on the specific clinical needs of each department to improve the overall quality of continuing medical educa-tion and accelerate the development of integrative pain management.

Construction of ceRNA Network and Analysis of Key mRNA and Immune Function for Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Based on Bioinformatics / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To construct a regulatory network of competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)with prognostic value for bladder urothelial carcinoma(BLCA),and analyze the relationship between key messenger RNA(mRNA)and immune function.Methods The UCSC Xena database was used to download mRNA expression data from 404 BLCA patients and 28 normal individuals and key mRNAs were screened by differential analysis.ENCORI database was utilized to search microRNAs(miRNAs)that bind to key mRNAs and all long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs)that bind to miRNAs.The expression data of miRNA and LncRNA were downloaded from TCGA database,co-expression analysis was performed to identify key mRNA with all miRNAs and miRNA with all LncRNAs,and thus key miRNAs and LncRNAs were screened out.Survival analysis was conducted based on the differences in expression levels of these key mRNAs,miRNAs,and LncRNAs between tumor patients and normal individuals,and finally a ceRNA regulatory network was constructed.The correlation between key mRNAs and immune cells,immune checkpoints(CD274,PDCD1 and CTLA4),and immune cell marker genes(IG)was analyzed using the TIMER 2.0 database.Results A total of 22 key mRNAs were screened,with the most significant difference being proline 3-hydroxylase 4(P3H4).The expression of P3H4 in patients with BLCA was high,and survival time was shorter in patients with high expression.A sum of 33 miRNAs and 14 LncRNAs were screened using the key mRNAs as the central link.Through co-expression analysis and survival analysis,hsa-miR-151a-3p and MIR100 HG were identified as the key miRNA and key LncRNA with prognostic value.The differences in the above analysis results were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Based on these findings,a ceRNA regulatory network consisting of 1 mRNA,1 miRNA,and 1 LncRNA was constructed.Immunoassay firstly revealed a significant positive correlation between double positive T cells and P3H4 expression in the tumor microenvironment of BLCA.Moreover,there were 3 types of immune cells(tumor-associated neutrophils,and tumor-associated macrophages,dendritic cells),3 immune checkpoints(CD274,PDCD1,CTLA4),and 15 IGs with significant correlation with P3H4.These differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.01).Conclusion This study could help to reveal the progression mechanism of BLCA.The constructed ceRNA network and immune analysis can offer new insights into potential biological targets and immunotherapy directions for the diagnosis,treatment,and prediction of BLCA patients.

A study on the application of blunt separation method in midline catheter intubation in elderly patients with coagulation dysfunction / 中华护理杂志

Objective To explore the efficacy of blunt separation method in midline catheter intubation in elderly patients with coagulation dysfunction.Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with coagulation dysfunction were selected in the convenience sampling method from October 2022 to April 2023 in our hospital,and they were randomly divided into an experimental(blunt)group and a control(routine)group,with 40 patients in each group.The differences in the degree of bleeding and exudation at the puncture site,the pain score and the incidence of complications(including bleeding and exudation,phlebitis,symptomatic catheter-related thrombus,catheter blockage,catheter pulling-off)were compared between 2 groups.Results In the experimental group,the degree of bleeding and exudation at the puncture point immediately after the operation,degree of bleeding and exudation at the puncture point 24 hours after the operation,pain score 1 day after the catheterization,pain score 3 days after the catheterization,incidence of bleeding and exudation,total incidence of complications and maintenance times were significantly lower than these in the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of the pain score immediately after the operation,pain score 5 days after the operation,incidence of phlebitis,incidence of symptomatic catheter-related thrombosis,incidence of catheter blockage,incidence of catheter pulling-off,incidence of catheter related skin injury,incidence of unplanned extubation,success rate of one-time sheath delivery and the indwelling time,the differences between the experimental group and control group were not significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of blunt separation method in midline catheter indwelling can significantly reduce the incidence and degree of bleeding at the puncture point,decrease the maintenance times and relieve the pain in elderly patients with coagulation dysfunction.

Clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/MR in localizing epileptogenic foci in refractory epilepsy / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of 18F-FDG PET/MR for precise localization of epileptogenic foci in patients with refractory epilepsy. Methods:From February 2019 to December 2021, 81 patients (52 males, 29 females; age (30.0±10.9) years) with refractory epilepsy confirmed in Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were retrospectively enrolled. All patients underwent preoperative PET/MR exam, and the possible position of the epileptogenic foci were determined by PET/MR imaging and pre-surgical evaluation, then the stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) electrodes were implanted. Surgery was performed, and outcome was assessed by using a modified Engel classification two years after surgery. χ2 test was used to compare the detection rates of MRI and PET/MR fusion imaging in localizing epileptogenic foci and the detection rates of epileptogenic foci in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extratemporal lobe epilepsy (ETLE) by PET/MR. Results:MRI correctly localized seizure foci in 38 patients, with the detection rate of 46.91%(38/81), while PET/MR detected seizure foci in 73 patients, with the detection rate of 90.12%(73/81; χ2=35.05, P<0.001). There were 63 TLE and 18 ETLE patients. The detection rate of PET/MR in localizing seizure foci in TLE patients was 95.24%(60/63), which was significantly higher than that in ETLE patients (13/18; χ2=5.94, P=0.015). After 2 years follow-up, the postoperative efficacy rate of TLE patients with Engel grades Ⅰ-Ⅱ was 76.19%(48/63), which was 13/18 of ETLE patients ( χ2=0.12, P=0.731). Conclusion:Hybrid PET/MR imaging can accurately locate epileptogenic foci, especially for MRI negative lesions, which provides precision imaging information for surgical planning and improves surgical success rate.

Clinical analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with serum SMURF1 detection in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer / 局解手术学杂志

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)combined with serum Smad ubiquitin regulatory factor 1(SMURF1)detection for thyroid cancer.Methods A total of 144 suspected thyroid cancer patients admitted to Lishui branch of Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University from February 2019 to February 2020 were selected as the study subjects.Based on the histopathological results,they were divided into the thyroid cancer group(76 cases)and the benign group(68 cases).All patients underwent contrast-enhanced ultrasound examination and serum SMURF1 level detection;the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters,serum SMURF1 detection alone,and the combination of the two methods for thyroid cancer were analyzed.Results Contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameters peak intensity(PI),mean perfusion intensity(SImean)and maximum perfusion intensity(SImax)in the thyroid cancer group were lower than those in the benign group,and the level of SMURF1 mRNA was higher than that in the benign group(P<0.05).The sensitivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound parameter SImax in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer was 82.89%,the specificity was 72.06%,the accuracy was 77.78%,and the Kappa value was 0.552.The sensitivity of serum SMURF1 in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer was 65.79%,the specificity was 94.12%,the accuracy was 79.17%,and the Kappa value was 0.589.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy and Kappa value of SImax combined with serum SMURF1 in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer were 97.37%,85.29%,91.67%and 0.832,respectively,which were higher than those of SImax and SMURF1 alone(P<0.05),the AUC of the combination of the two methods was 0.927,which was significantly higher than that of the two methods alone(Zcombined vs.SImax=3.999,P<0.001;Zcombined vs.SMURF1=3.270,P=0.001).Conclusion Contrast-enhanced ultrasound combined with serum SMURF1 detection can improve the diagnostic efficiency of thyroid cancer,which may avoid the over-diagnosis on the premise of ensuring the effective diagnosis of thyroid cancer patients.

Expression levels and clinical significance of miR-183-5p and THEM4 in colon cancer tissues / 中国现代普通外科进展

Objective:To study the expression levels and clinical significance of microR-NA-183-5p(miR-183-5p)and thioesterase superfamily member 4(THEM4)in colon cancer tissues.Methods:A total of 96 patients with colon cancer who in Hebei China Petroleum Central Hospital gathered as the research objects.During the course of radical resection of colon cancer patients,the colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected.The relative expression levels of miR-183-5p and THEM4 mRNA in colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues were detected.Analysis of the correlation between miR-183-5pand THEM4mRNA in colon cancer and their relation-ship with prognosis.COX regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the prognosis of pa-tients with colon cancer.Results:Compared with adjacent normal tissues,the expression level of miR-183-5p in colon cancer tissues increased(P＜0.05),and the expression level of THEM4 mRNA decreased(P＜0.05).MiR-183-5p was negatively correlated with THEM4 mRNA expression in colon cancer tissue(r=-0.529,P＜0.05).The survival rate of the high expression group of miR-183-5p lower than that of the low expression group(P＜0.05),the survival rate of the high expression group of THEM4 was obviously higher than that of the low expression group(P＜0.05).TNM stage(Ⅲ-Ⅳ),high expres-sion of miR-183-5p and low expression of THEM4 were risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with colon cancer(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of miR-183-5p in cancer tissues of patients with colon cancer is increased,and the expression level of THEM4 is decreased,both are closely relat-ed to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.

Drug use patterns in the treatment of high-risk cervical HPV infection based on data mining / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the rule of drug use in treating high-risk cervical human papilloma virus(HPV)infection by using data mining method.Methods Medical records and prescriptions of patients with high-risk HPV infection treated at Wang Jin Outpatient Department of Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from January 1,2021 to December 1,2022 were collected.SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS 25.0 were used for drug use frequency,association rules,clustering and other data analysis.Results A total of 100 prescriptions were included,involving a total of 162 Chinese materia medicas,with a total of 1445 times of Chinese materia medicas.The drugs with the highest frequency of use were mainly tonic drugs,antipyretic drugs,regulating vital energy drugs and tranquillizing drugs.Complex network analysis showed that there were close correlation among hedyotis,dried tangerine peel,immature tangerine peel,silktree albizia bark and buffalo horn.Three potential new prescriptions were explored.Conclusion The disease was mostly caused by deficiency in origin and excess in pathological products,and the treatment was to treat both symptoms and root causes,and to attack and supplement,with the treatment of clearing heat and removing toxicity,eliminating dampness,benefiting qi for activating blood circulation and nourishing yin,supplemented by nourishing heart for tranquillization.

Assessment of Specification for testing of quality control in γ-ray sources afterloading brachytherapy (WS 262-2017) in Jiangsu Province, China / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To evaluate the implementation, application, problems, and suggestions associated with the WS 262-2017 Specification for Testing of Quality Control in γ-Ray Sources Afterloading Brachytherapy among radiation workers in Jiangsu Province, China, and to provide a scientific basis for further revision and implementation of this standard. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among employees of public and private institutions involved in radiation health technology services, radiation health supervision, and medical services in Jiangsu Province who carried out afterloading testing, supervision, and treatment. The survey primarily focused on the implementation status, technical content, and implementation effect of WS 262-2017, and the results were summarized and analyzed. Results A total of 185 valid questionnaires were collected, and 73.5% of the respondents were aware of the standard. Among the respondents who were aware of the standard, 29.4% did not participate in relevant training, and 41.2% did not use or infrequently used the standard. Moreover, 94.1% of survey respondents considered the standard to be scientifically robust and free of issues, 88.6% responded that the main technical content of the standard was highly operable, and 97.8% agreed that the main content of the standard was coordinated and consistent with relevant regulatory standards. In addition, 88.6%, 90.8%, and 87.0% of survey respondents reported that this standard provided significant assistance and played an important role in optimizing radiation protection, quality control and testing of radiation therapy equipment, and improving professional skills for technical personnel. Conclusion Radiation workers in Jiangsu Province have a high awareness rate of WS 262-2017 and believe that this standard is scientifically rigorous and plays an important role. There is no need for revision, but relevant departments should strengthen the promotion and training concerning the standard.

Application of optical coherence tomography in orthokeratology fitting / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To assess the gap between the peak of the base curve to the surface of the cornea, as well as examines the correlation between the thickness of the tear film and the fitting of the orthokeratology lens through optical coherence tomography(OCT), providing an intuitive and quantitative clinical evaluation method for the fitting of the orthokeratology lens.METHODS: Myopia patients who fitted orthokeratology at our hospital from January to December 2023 were included. Examinations, including naked vision, slit lamp, non-contact intraocular pressure, ocular fundus, eye position, corneal diameter, corneal topography, tear film rupture time, optometry, etc., were performed on all patients before fitting. The trial lens parameter was selected according to the examination results, and fluorescein staining was performed to evaluate lens fitting state after patients adapted to wearing glasses. According to the performance of fluorescein staining, the inspected eyes are divided into three groups: lens loose group, lens fitting group, and lens tight group. In addition, the tear film thickness of three groups of subjects was measured by OCT, and the differences between the three groups of data were evaluated.RESULTS: A total of 49 myopic patients(77 eyes)were included. The average sphere degree was -3.10±1.25 D, the average cylinder degree was -0.43(-0.75, 0)D, the average horizontal keratometry(HK)was 42.48±0.81 D, and vertical keratometry(VK)was 42.98(42.25, 43.50)D. There were 21 cases(34 eyes)in the lens fitting group, with 13 cases of bilateral eyes, 8 cases of one eye, 14 cases(22 eyes)in the lens loose group, with 8 cases of bilateral eyes, 6 cases of one eye, and 14 cases(21 eyes)in the lens tight group, with 7 cases of bilateral eyes, 7 cases of one eye. There was no statistical difference in the main basic data of the subjects in the three groups(all P&#x003E;0.05). OCT showed that the tear film thickness of the lens fitting group, the lens loose group, and the lens tight group was 231.18(219.0, 243.0), 220.41(214.0, 224.3), and 249.00(241.5, 258.0)μm, respectively, and there was statistical significance in the thickness among the three groups(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: OCT can serve as a safe and reliable method for measuring the tear film thickness, which can help evaluate the suitability of orthokeratology and provide a non-invasive, more intuitive, and quantitative evaluation method for the fitting and evaluation of orthokeratology.

Niemann-Pick disease type B and heterogeneous manifestations of its liver involvement： A case report / 临床肝胆病杂志

This article reports a case with the chief complaint of “hepatosplenomegaly to be investigated” and a confirmed diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type B after various tests， and a literature review was conducted to summarize the heterogeneous manifestations of liver involvement in type B Niemann-Pick disease， in order to improve the clinical management of difficult and rare liver diseases.

Study of GCN repeats of PHOX2B gene among individuals from southwest China and diagnosis of two patients with Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the trinucleotide repeats of GCN (GCA, GCT, GCC, GCG) encoding Alanine in exon 3 of the PHOX2B gene among healthy individuals from southwest China and two patients with Congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS).@*METHODS@#The number and sequence of the GCN repeats of the PHOX2B gene were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing and cloning sequencing of 518 healthy individuals and two newborns with CCHS, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Among the 1036 alleles of the 518 healthy individuals, five alleles were identified, including (GCN)7, (GCN)13, (GCN)14, (GCN)15 and (GCN)20. The frequency of the (GCN)20 allele was the highest (94.79%). And five genotypes were identified, which included (GCN)7/(GCN)20, (GCN)13/(GCN)20, (GCN)14/(GCN)20, (GCN)15/(GCN)20, (GCN)20/(GCN)20. The homozygous genotypes were all (GCN)20/(GCN)20, and the carrier rate was 89.58%. Four GCN sequences of the (GCN)20 homozygous genotypes were identified among the 464 healthy individuals. The GCN repeat numbers in the exon 3 of the PHOX2B gene showed no significant difference between the expected and observed values, and had fulfilled the,Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The genotypes of the two CCHS patients were (GCN)20/(GCN)25 and (GCN)20/(GCN)30, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#It is important to determine the GCN repeats and genotypic data of the exon 3 of the PHOX2B gene among the healthy individuals. The number of GCN repeats in 518 healthy individuals was all below 20. The selection of appropriate methods can accurately detect the polyalanine repeat mutations (PARMs) of the PHOX2B gene, which is conducive to the early diagnosis, intervention and treatment of CCHS.

Research progress of visual perception training on postoperative reconstruction of binocular vision in patients with intermittent exotropia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Intermittent exotropia(IXT)is a common ophthalmic disease with high incidence, variable deviation, and varying degrees of impaired binocular visual function. The defect of binocular visual function is related to the changes of visual cortex. IXT involves the functional changes of many brain regions, including the cortical areas related to binocular fusion. After correcting the eye position, the abnormal changes of cerebral cortex still exist in some patients with IXT, and the recovery of binocular vision is still difficult. In order to solve these problems, visual perception training is gradually applied to the postoperative reconstruction of binocular visual function in patients with IXT. Visual perception training repairs the visual cortex from the brain level, improving the ability of the visual cortex to process information by constantly stimulating the visual center, thus repairing the visual central function, so that patients can obtain good binocular visual function, stabilize the eye position and reduce recurrence. This article reviews the mechanism of binocular visual impairment and the role of visual perception training in the treatment of IXT. It is hoped to provide more evidence for visual perception training to reconstruct postoperative binocular visual function and reduce the recurrence rate in patients with IXT.

Comparison of visual function before and after wearing amber filter in low vision patients with primary retinitis pigmentosa / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To compare the visual function of low-vision patients with primary retinal pigmentosa(RP)before and after wearing amber filter.METHODS: Self-control before and after study. A total of 30 patients(60 eyes)with low vision who were diagnosed with primary RP in the ophthalmology clinic of Xi'an No.1 Hospital from August 2021 to March 2022 were collected. The uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity(UCNVA), best-corrected near visual acuity(BCNVA), visual field and Farnsworth-Munsell(FM)-100 color visions were recorded before and after wearing amber filter. The contrast sensitivity(CS)in three visual environments including bright room, darkroom and darkroom with glare was measured and recorded respectively, and the changes of those parameters were analyzed before and after wearing filter.RESULTS: UCDVA and BCDVA after wearing the filter were better than those before wearing(t=-2.32, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001; t=-6.77, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference in UCNVA and BCNVA before and after wearing filter. The visual field index(VFI)after wearing filter was lower than that before wearing(t=8.62, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001), and the mean defect(MD)of visual field was greater than that before wearing(t=7.73, P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001). FM100 color chess test showed that both total error score(TES)and partial error score(PES)in multiple regions were higher than those before wearing filter(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001). After wearing, the CS of each frequency band in the environment of bright room and darkroom with glare was higher than that before wearing(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference in each frequency band before and after wearing amber filter under the environment of darkroom without glare.CONCLUSION: Patients with low vision of primary RP showed improved UCDVA and BCDVA, but unchanged UCNVA and BCNVA after wearing amber filter, while the visual field and color discrimination were worse than those before wearing filter. The CS of the bright room and darkroom with glare environment was improved than before wearing filter, while there were no significant changes in CS under darkroom without glare.

Analysis of conjunctival sac microflora and antibiotic susceptibility testing in adolescents after wearing orthokeratology lens / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the bacterial flora and antibiotic susceptibility testing of conjunctival sac in adolescents after wearing orthokeratology(OK)lens.METHODS:A total of 101 adolescents aged 8 to 14 who admitted to outpatient department of Xi'an No.1 Hospital from September 2021 to August 2022 were recruited in this cross-sectional observational study. There were 51 cases wearing OK Lens(wearing group)and 50 patients not wearing contact lens(non-lens group), the right eye of all patients was selected into the group. The culture of bacterial flora in conjunctival sac between the two groups were compared, the species were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and the antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out for the positive strains cultured in the wearing group.RESULTS:The positive rate of conjunctival sac bacterial cultured in the wearing group and the non-lens group was 68.6%(35/51)and 60.0%(30/50), respectively(P&#x003E;0.05). In both groups, the bacteria with the highest detection rate were staphylococcus epidermidis and staphylococcus aureus. The sensitivity rates of the strains detected in the wearing group to drugs are as follows: Levofloxacin(98%), Moxifloxacin(98%), Gatifloxacin(98%), Cefuroxime(98%), Cefathiamidine(98%), Rifampicin(98%), Chloramphenicol(96%), Cefoxitin(95%), Clindamycin(80%), Gentamicin(74%), Fusidic acid(72%), Tobramycin(64%), Compound sulfamethoxazole(26%), Mezlocillin(10%), Azithromycin(6%), of which the sensitivity rate of Gram-positive cocci was 100% sensitive to Vancomycin.CONCLUSION:Gram-positive cocci are the main bacteria isolated from conjunctival sac of adolescents after wearing OK Lens. Wearing OK Lens will not significantly increase the positive rate of conjunctival sac bacterial flora. Results of antibiotic susceptibility testing may provide guidance for empirical medication in patients wearing OK lens after eye infection.

Clinical Comparison of the Efficacy of Systemic Thrombolysis,Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis,and AngioJet Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To compare the clinical effects of three treatment methods including systemic thrombolysis(ST),catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT),and AngioJet percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT). Methods The data of 82 patients diagnosed with LEDVT in the Department of Vascular and Gland Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2017 to December 2020 were collected.The patients were assigned into a ST group(n=50),a CDT group(n=16),and a PMT group(n=16)according to different treatment methods.The efficacy and safety were compared among the three groups. Results Compared with that before treatment,the circumferential diameter difference of both lower limbs on days 1,2,and 3 of treatment in the ST,CDT,and PMT groups reduced(all P<0.001).The PMT group showed smaller circumferential diameter difference of lower limbs on days 1,2,and 3 of treatment than the ST group(all P<0.001)and smaller circumferential diameter difference of the lower patellar margin on day 1 of treatment than the CDT group(P<0.001).The PMT group showed higher diminution rate for swelling of the affected limb at the upper and lower edges of the patella than the ST group(P<0.001)and higher diminution rate for swelling at the upper edge of the patella than the CDT group(P=0.026).The incidence of complications after treatment showed no significant differences among the three groups(all P>0.05).The median of hospital stay in the PMT group was shorter than that in the ST and CDT groups(P=0.002,P=0.001).The PMT group had higher thrombus clearance rate than the ST group(P=0.002)and no significant difference in the thrombus clearance rate from the CDT group(P=0.361).The vascular recanalization rates in the PMT(all P<0.001)and CDT(P<0.001,P=0.002,P=0.009)groups 3,6,and 12 months after treatment were higher than those in ST group,and there were no significant differences between PMT and CDT groups(P=0.341,P=0.210,P=0.341). Conclusions ST,CDT,and PMT demonstrated significant efficacy in the treatment of LEDVT,and PMT was superior to ST and CDT in terms of circumferential diameter difference of the lower limbs,diminution rate for swelling of the affected limb,thrombus clearance rate,length of hospital stay,and long-term vascular recanalization.There was no obvious difference in safety among the three therapies.

Influence of antimicrobial peptide biofunctionalized TiO2 nanotubes on the biological behavior of human keratinocytes and its antibacterial effect / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To fabricate TiO2 nanotube material functionalized by antimicrobial peptide LL-37, and to explore its effects on biological behaviors such as adhesion and migration of human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and its antibacterial properties. Methods: The TiO2 nanotube array (NT) was constructed on the surface of polished titanium (PT) by anodization, and the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 was loaded on the surface of TiO2 nanotube (LL-37/NT) by physical adsorption. Three samples were selected by simple random sampling in each group. Surface morphology, roughness, hydrophilicity and release characteristics of LL-37 of the samples were analyzed with a field emission scanning electron microscope, an atomic force microscope, a contact angle measuring device and a microplate absorbance reader. HaCaT cells were respectively cultured on the surface of three groups of titanium samples. Each group had 3 replicates. The morphology of cell was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope. The number of cell adhesion was observed by cellular immunofluorescence staining. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Wound scratch assay was used to observe the migration of HaCaT. The above experiments were used to evaluate the effect of each group on the biological behavior of HaCaT cells. To evaluate their antibacterial effects, Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) was respectively inoculated on the surface of three groups of titanium samples. Each group had 3 replicates. The morphology of bacteria was observed by field emission scanning electron microscope. Bacterial viability was determined by live/dead bacterial staining. Results: A uniform array of nanotubes could be seen on the surface of titanium samples in LL-37/NT group, and the top of the tube was covered with granular LL-37. Compared with PT group [the roughness was (2.30±0.18) nm, the contact angle was 71.8°±1.7°], the roughness [(20.40±3.10) and (19.10±4.11) nm] and hydrophilicity (the contact angles were 22.4°±3.1° and 25.3°±2.2°, respectively) of titanium samples increased in NT and LL-37/NT group (P<0.001). The results of in vitro release test showed that the release of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 was characterized by early sudden release (1-4 h) and long-term (1-7 d) slow release. With the immunofluorescence, more cell attachment was found on NT and LL-37/NT than that on PT at the first 0.5 and 2.0 h of culture (P<0.05). The results of CCK-8 showed that there was no significant difference in the proliferation of cells among groups at 1, 3 and 5 days after culture. Wound scratch assay showed that compared with PT and NT group, the cell moved fastest on the surface of titanium samples in LL-37/NT group at 24 h of culture [(96.4±4.9)%] (F=35.55, P<0.001). A monolayer cells could be formed and filled with the scratch in 24 h at LL-37/NT group. The results of bacterial test in vitro showed that compared with the PT group, the bacterial morphology in the NT and LL-37/NT groups was significantly wrinkled, and obvious bacterial rupture could be seen on the surface of titanium samples in LL-37/NT group. The results of bacteria staining showed that the green fluorescence intensity of titanium samples in LL-37/NT group was the lowest in all groups (F=66.54,P<0.001). Conclusions: LL-37/NT is beneficial to the adhesion and migration of HaCaT cells and has excellent antibacterial properties, this provides a new strategy for the optimal design of implant neck materials.

Expression and functions of transient receptor potential channels in liver diseases

Liver diseases constitute a major healthcare burden globally, including acute hepatic injury resulted from acetaminophen overdose, ischemia-reperfusion or hepatotropic viral infection and chronic hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease (ALD), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Attainable treatment strategies for most liver diseases remain inadequate, highlighting the importance of substantial pathogenesis. The transient receptor potential (TRP) channels represent a versatile signalling mechanism regulating fundamental physiological processes in the liver. It is not surprising that liver diseases become a newly explored field to enrich our knowledge of TRP channels. Here, we discuss recent findings revealing TRP functions across the fundamental pathological course from early hepatocellular injury caused by various insults, to inflammation, subsequent fibrosis and hepatoma. We also explore expression levels of TRPs in liver tissues of ALD, NAFLD and HCC patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) or The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and survival analysis estimated by Kaplan-Meier Plotter. At last, we address the therapeutical potential and challenges by pharmacologically targeting TRPs to treat liver diseases. The aim is to provide a better understanding of the implications of TRP channels in liver diseases, contributing to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and efficient drugs.

Reliability and validity of General Burnout Scale in multiple populations / 环境与职业医学

Background As one of the common tools for job burnout assessment, Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), its reliability and validity across different populations in China have not been examined yet. Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of General Burnout Scale (GBS) by multiple occupational groups through the translation and preliminary test of MBI-GS. Methods Based on the Special Project of Occupational Hazards in Key Populations led by the Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, China CDC, key occupational groups in five typical industries were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, including teachers, firefighters, manufacturing workers, medical staff, and traffic police. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the construct validity of GBS by single-factor, two-factor, and three-factor structure models. The model fitness was assessed by ratio of the chi-square statistic to the respective degrees of freedom (χ2/ν), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), goodness-of-fit index (GFI), comparative fit index (CFI), and parsimony-adjusted non-normed fit index (PNFI). Spearman correlation analysis was used to calculate the criterion validity of GBS with occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and sleep disorders. Cronbach's α coefficient and composite reliability (CR) coefficient were used to evaluate the internal consistency reliability of GBS. Results A total of 3485 subjects were surveyed in this study, 3375 valid questionnaires were recovered with a valid response rate of 96.84%. The results of CFA showed that in the adjusted three-factor structure model of GBS (exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy), the χ2/ν < 4, the RMSEA ranged from 0.032 to 0.069, the GFI > 0.90, the CFI > 0.90, and the PNFI > 0.70, which illustrated a good fitness than that of the single- or the two-factor structure models in different occupational groups. The Spearman correlation analysis results showed that occupational stress, depressive symptoms, and sleep disorders were positively correlated with exhaustion and cynicism dimensions, and negatively correlated with professional efficacy dimension of the GBS, with the \begin{document}$ \left| r \right| $\end{document} ranging from 0.139 to 0.662 (P<0.05) in overall subjects. For traffic police and firefighters, professional efficacy was not correlated with depressive symptoms or sleep disorders (P>0.05). The Cronbach's α coefficients ranged from 0.819 to 0.899, and the CR values ranged from 0.941 to 0.978 in different occupational groups. Conclusion The GBS shows high reliability and validity, as well as good application effects in different occupational groups.