Image quality of CBCT under different exposure parameters / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the imaging quality of CBCT under different exposure parameters and the relationship between subjective and objective evaluation.Methods:CBCT scanners of 6 different suppliers[3D Accuitomo(Morita),i-mCAT(Kavo),5G(NewTom),Smart3D(Beijing Langshi),DCT Pro(Vatech),Vgi(NewTom)]were used to scan the spatial resolution models and head simulators under typical exposure conditions(different device with different tube voltage and current for exposure).The visibility of SedentexCT IQ phantom and anatomical structures generated by different CBCT scanners were compared.For objective evaluation,7 professional evaluators scored CBCT imaging qualities.For subjective evaluation,the resolution(LP/mm)of the images were com-pared among the devices.Results:No significant difference was found by 7 evaluators either intra or inter of the teams.By objective e-valuation,the score of NewTom 5G was 2,that of i-CAT was 5 and that of the others was 4.By subjective evaluation,the LP/mm of i-CAT was 1.8,that of Smart3D was 2.0 and that of the others was 1.0-1.7.The subjective evaluation of image quality obtained un-der different tube voltages and tube currents were significantly different.Conclusion:The subjective and objective evaluations of image quality are approximately consistent.The difference of the subjective image quality may be produced by the different tube voltage and current for exposure.

Expression of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 in breast cancer and its relationship with clinical observables and prog-nosis / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 in breast cancer and their relationship with clinical indicators and prognosis.Methods TCGA database and TIMER 2.0 database were used to analyze the differences of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 expression in breast cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues;K-M database was used to create the survival curves of patients in the high and low expression groups of the two.qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 in the cancerous and paracancerous tissues,and the expression differences,the relationship between their expression levels and the clinical observation indexes were statistically analyzed,and the independent prognostic factors of breast cancer were screened out;K-M survival analysis was used to compare the prognostic differences between the groups and create the survival curves.Results The expression levels of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 in breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in paracancerous tissues according to the results of biopsy,qRT-PCR and immuno-histochemistry,and the expression levels of SLC35A2 were significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis,while the expression of PFDN2 was significantly correlated with the diameter of the tumor and the metastasis of lymph nodes,and the expression of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 was an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer.patients had the worst prognosis.Conclusion The expression of SLC35A2 and PFDN2 in breast cancer tissues was closely related to clinical indicators and prognosis of breast cancer,and could be used as a potential target for breast cancer treatment.

Relationship between responsive caregiving for infants and young children and parenting confidence among caregivers / 中国儿童保健杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the current state of infant responsive caregiving and to analyze its correlation with caregiver parenting confidence, in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the level of responsive care for infants and young children. 【Methods】 A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 to select 1 028 infants and young children under 3 years old who underwent health examinations in the Department of Child Healthcare. Participants completed a general data questionnaire, the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale, and the Infant Responsive Caregiving Scale. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the related influencing factors of infant responsive care and to analyze the relationship between caregiver parenting confidence and responsive caregiving. 【Results】 The level of responsive caregiving was found to be associated with various factors such as infant age(χ2=21.196), mode of pregnancy(Z=-2.072), history of pregnancy protection during pregnancy(Z=-4.713), history of pregnancy complications (Z=-4.504), gestational week at birth(χ2=41.358), small for term infants(Z=-3.497), neonatal intracranial hemorrhage(Z=-5.425), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(Z=-2.184), maternal education level(χ2=9.419), family income(χ2=11.211) as well as type of family (χ2=15.360)(P < 0.05). Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between parenting confidence and responsive caregiving(r=0.421,P<0.001). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that caregiver parenting confidence had a significant positive effect on the level of responsive caregiving (B=0.623, P<0.05), even after controlling for the effect of demographic factors. 【Conclusion】 The level of infant responsive caregiving is influenced by caregiver parenting confidence, and increasing caregiver parenting confidence can effectively improve the quality of responsive caregiving for infants and young children.

Expression, purification, and functional verification of recombinant human glycoprotein hormone beta 5/alpha 2 fusion protein in CHO-S cells / 中国药理学通报

Aim To express and purify recombinant hCGH-CTP fusion protein in high-density suspension culture of Chinese hamster ovary cells (CHO-S), and to verify the lipid accumulation effect of rhCGH-CTP on 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. Methods The recombinant protein expression vector (pcDNA3. 1-rhCGH-CTP) was constructed, achieved by fusing the human glycoprotein hormone beta 5/alpha 2 cDNA with CTP Linker. The expression plasmid was transiently transfected into the suspended CHO-S to express rhCGH-CTP protein and then purified, and the protein biological activity was verified. Intervention with 3T3-L1 mature adipocyte cells for 24 h was performed to detect the changes of intracellular triglyceride (TG) level. Results Western blot results showed that rhCGH-CTP protein was successfully expressed in CHO-S cells, and the yield was up to 715. 4 mg • L~ . The secreted protein was purified by AKTA pure system with higher purity that was up to 90% as identified by SDS-PAGE. In addition, the intracellular cAMP content of mature adipocytes with high expression of TSHR gene significantly increased after intervention with different concentrations of rhCGH-CTP protein by ELISA kit, indicating that rhCGH-CTP protein had biological activity. Oil red 0 staining showed that compared with the control group, the lipid content of mature adipocytes in the intervention groups with different concentrations of rhCGH-CTP protein significantly decreased (P < 0. 05) . Conclusions The rhCGH-CTP protein has been successfully expressed and purified with biological activity, and effectively reduce TG. This research provides an important theoretical basis for further revealing the physiological role of CGH protein and its potential application in clinical practice.

Effect of PACS-2 on the development of Alzheimer's disease / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To investigate the involvement of phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein-2(PACS-2)in mitochondrial function and apoptosis in N2a/APP695swe cells and further explore the role and significance of PACS-2 in the development of Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods The CCK8 method was used to analyze the cell survival rate of N2a/APP695swe cells treated with different concentrations of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycoside(TSG)for 48h and to select the appropriate concentration of TSG for subsequent experiments.N2a/WT cells and N2a/APP695swe cells were routinely cultured in vitro,and the experimental cells were divided into 3 groups:blank control group(WT group):N2a/WT cells;model group(APP group):N2a/APP695swe cells;treatment group(TSG group):N2a/APP695swe cells with appropriate concentrations of TSG intervention.TUNEL method to observe apoptosis by fluorescence microscopy;JC-1 method for flow detection of cellular mitochondrial membrane potential;WB to detect protein expression of PACS-2;RT-qPCR to detect PACS-2 mRNA expression.Results CCK8 method was used to analyze the cell survival rate of different concentrations of TSG acting on cells after 48h:the protective effect of 100 μmol/L TSG was the most significant and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The TUNEL method of fluorescence microscopy observed the apoptosis:compared with the WT group,the apoptosis rate of APP group was increased,compared with the APP group,the apoptosis rate of TSG group was decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The JC-1 method was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential of cells:compared with the WT group,the membrane potential of APP group was decreased,compared with the APP group,the membrane potential of TSG group was increased,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);Western blot(WB)detection of PACS-2 protein expression:compared with the WT group,PACS-2 expression was significantly higher in the APP group,and compared with the APP group,PACS-2 expression was significantly lower in the TSG group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);The RT-qPCR detected the mRNA expression of PACS-2:the expression of PACS-2 was elevated in the APP group compared with the WT group and decreased in the TSG group compared with the APP group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion PACS-2 has an important role in the development of AD,and its upregulation may promote the development of AD.The cerebroprotective drug TSG may exert cytoprotective effects by downregulating PACS-2 to inhibit apoptosis and improve mitochondrial function in AD model cells.

Effectiveness and safety of Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) in patients with stable coronary artery disease and concomitant diabetes mellitus: a subgroup analysis of a randomized clinical trial / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Preliminary studies have indicated that Shexiang Baoxin Pill (MUSKARDIA) has a coronary artery dilation effect and increases the coronary blood flow, relieving the symptoms of angina. This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of MUSKARDIA on patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and diabetes mellitus (DM).@*METHODS@#This was a subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled phase IV trial. CAD patients with a medical history of DM or baseline fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L were grouped according to the treatment (standard therapy plus MUSKARDIA or placebo). The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), which was the composite outcome of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. The secondary outcome was the composite outcome of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina or heart failure, and coronary angioplasty.@*RESULTS@#MACEs occurred in 2.6% (9/340) and 4.8% (18/376) of patients in the MUSKARDIA and placebo groups, respectively ( P  = 0.192). Secondary composite outcome was significantly less frequent with MUSKARDIA than with placebo (15.3% [52/340] vs . 22.6% [85/376], P  = 0.017). Risk of MACEs (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31-1.57) was comparable between two groups. In patients with uncontrolled DM (≥4 measurements of FBG ≥7 mmol/L in five times of follow-up), the risk of secondary outcome was significantly lower with MUSKARDIA (5/83, 6.0%) than with placebo (15/91, 16.5%) (HR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.13-0.95).@*CONCLUSION@#As an add-on to standard therapy, MUSKARDIA shows a trend of reduced MACEs in patients with stable CAD and DM. Furthermore, MUSKARDIA may reduce the frequency of all-cause death, hospitalization, and coronary angioplasty in this population, especially in those with uncontrolled DM.@*TRIAL REGISTRATION@#ChiCTR.org.cn, ChiCTR-TRC-12003513.

Evaluation of p16/Ki-67 double-stained immunohistochemistry in diagnosis of human papilloma virus-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of p16/Ki-67 double-stained immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(opscc) and find out the optimal index to improve the accuracy of HPV detection. Methods: A total of 153 cases, from May 2014 to May 2020, diagnosed OPSCC in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, were selected. This cohort included 130 males and 23 females, aged (58.6±10.0) years old. HPV RNA in situ hybridization was chosen as the gold standard to detect their HPV status. p16 immunohistochemistry and p16/Ki-67 double-stained immunohistochemistry were performed on all cases, and the p16/Ki-67 double positive index including 20%, 40%, and 60% were used as the thresholds to compare their sensitivity, specificity, and positive prediction value (PPV), negative prediction value (NPV) and prognosis prediction ability. Results: Among the 153 patients with OPSCC, 114 were HPV-negative and 39 were HPV-positive, and the HPV infection rate of OPSCC patients was 25.5% (39/153). Only 58.1% (36/62) of single p16 positive cases were HPV-positive, and the prognosis of patients could not be distinguished using p16 immunohistochemistry only. Using p16/Ki-67 double staining, the accuracy of HPV positive diagnosis has been improved. The HPV diagnostic ability was the highest when the p16/Ki-67 double positive index was 40% (sensitivity=86.8%, specificity=94.8%, PPV=84.6%, NPV=95.6%, area under the curve=0.897), which could distinguish the prognosis of patients (P=0.012). Conclusions: The p16/Ki-67 double-stained immunohistochemistry can improve the accuracy of HPV positive diagnosis rate and diagnosis of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer is the most accurate when the double-positive index is 40% as the threshold to judge HPV status and could serve as better surrogate marker for HPV detection.

Effects of the kynurenine pathway on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective: To explore the effect of kynurenine pathway on the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Methods: Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 19 patients with periodontitis (periodontitis group) and 19 periodontally healthy individuals (health group) in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University from June to October of 2022. Contents of kynurenine and the metabolites in saliva samples were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The expressions of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) were further detected by immunohistochemistry in gingival tissues. The PDLSC used in this study were isolated from extracted teeth for orthodontic treatment in Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University from July to November of 2022. Experiments were then conducted using the cells by incubating with (kynurenine group) or without kynurenine (control group) in vitro. Seven days later, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and assays of ALP activity were performed. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was utilized to detect the expressions of osteogenic related genes ALP, osteocalcin (OCN), runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), collagen type-Ⅰ (COL-Ⅰ) as well as the kynurenine pathway-associated genes AhR, cytochrome P450 family (CYP) 1A1, CYP1B1. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of RUNX2, osteopontin (OPN) and AhR proteins on day 10 and alizarin red staining was performed to observe the formation of mineral nodules on day 21 in control group and kynurenine group. Results: Salivary concentrations of kynurenine [8.26 (0, 19.60) nmol/L] and kynurenic acid [11.4 (3.34, 13.52) nmol/L] were significantly higher in the periodontitis group than in the health group [0.75(0, 4.25) nmol/L, 1.92(1.34, 3.88) nmol/L] (Z=-2.84, P=0.004; Z=-3.61, P<0.001). The expression levels of IDO (18.33±2.22) and AhR (44.14±13.63) in gingival tissues of periodontitis patients were significantly higher than that of the health group (12.21±2.87, 15.39±5.14) (t=3.38, P=0.015; t=3.42, P=0.027). In vitro, the ALP activity of PDLSC in the kynurenine group (291.90±2.35) decreased significantly compared with the control group (329.30±19.29) (t=3.34, P=0.029). The mRNA expression levels of ALP, OCN and RUNX2 in the kynurenine group (0.43±0.12, 0.78±0.09, 0.66±0.10) were decreased compared with the control group (1.02±0.22, 1.00±0.11, 1.00±0.01) (t=4.71, P=0.003; t=3.23, P=0.018; t=6.73, P<0.001), while the levels of AhR and CYP1A1 were increased in the kynurenine group (1.43±0.07, 1.65±0.10) compared with those in the control group (1.01±0.12, 1.01±0.14) (t=5.23, P=0.006; t=6.59, P<0.001). No significant difference was observed in COL-Ⅰ and CYP1B1 mRNA levels between groups. The protein levels of OPN, RUNX2 (0.82±0.05, 0.87±0.03) were reduced and that of AhR (1.24±0.14) was increased in the kynurenine group compared with those in the control group (1.00±0.00, 1.00±0.00, 1.00±0.00) (t=6.79, P=0.003; t=7.95, P=0.001; t=3.04, P=0.039). Conclusions: Over-activated kynurenine pathway in periodontitis patients can promote upregulation of AhR and suppress the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSC.

Hypoxia activation IRE1a/JNK pathway regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in mice / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To investigate whether hypoxia induces endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) through inositol-dependent enzyme 1α (IRE1α) and activates JNK pathway to participate in the proliferation and apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in mice.Methods:Mouse pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell line (MPASMCs) was cultured in vitro to establish the hypoxic MPASMCs model. The expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and JNK pathway genes were detected. The expression of IRE1α was knocked down by siRNA transfection, JNK pathway specific inhibitor 1, 9-pyrazoxanolone and pyrazoxanolone (SP600125) was used to inhibit JNK pathway, and XBP-1s plasmid was transfected to increase the expression of XBP-1s. CCK8 assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein detection were used to observe the cell proliferation. Cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and BCL-2 associated X protein (BAX) protein.Results:HIF-1αexpression was significantly up-regulated in MPASMCs cultured under hypoxia. The expression of GRP78, phosphorylated IRE1α (P-IRE1α) and phosphorylated JNK (P-JNK) increased after hypoxia, indicating that ERS and JNK pathways mediated by IRE1α were activated. When IRE1α expression was inhibited by si-IRE1a, the expression of P-JNK decreased, indicating that JNK pathway was inhibited. The expression of PCNA protein was up-regulated in the hypoxia group, and CCK8 assay indicated that the cell proliferation was up-regulated. The expression of BAX and BCL-2 protein were down-regulated in the hypoxia group, and the level of apoptosis was down-regulated. The above changes were delayed after SiIRE1a inhibited the expression of IRE1α. Treatment with SP600125 could also partially delay the pro-proliferation and anti-apoptosis changes induced by hypoxia. Overexpression of XBP-1s under normoxia activated the JNK pathway, accompanied by hypoxia-like changes.Conclusions:Hypoxia activates IRE1α-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress, which promotes the proliferation and inhibits apoptosis of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells through JNK pathway in mice.

Predictive value of XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism in the adverse events and prognosis of postoperative SOX chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the predictive value of XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism in the adverse events and prognosis of SOX chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer after D2 resection.Methods:A total of 62 patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving Sox chemotherapy after D2 resection from January 2015 to April 2018 in Quzhou People′s Hospital were included and the baseline characteristics were collected retrospectively. Postoperative pathological specimens were used for genotyping of XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene variation. To analyze the relationship between the polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln in patients and the clinicopathological features and the occurrence of adverse chemotherapy reactions. Also, to evaluate the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival(OS) of patients in the different genotypes. Cox regression analysis was used to screen for prognostic risk factors.Results:The genotype distribution of XRCC1 Arg399Gln locus in 62 patients with gastric cancer was G/G in 35 cases (56.45%), G/A in 21 cases (33.87%) and A/A in 6 cases (9.68%). And the distribution frequencies of the three genotypes were in accordance with the hardy-weinberg equilibrium( P = 0.295). G/A and A/A genotypes were merged in the subsequent analysis. Comparison of baseline characteristics between the G/G genotype and G/A+A/A genotype showed no statistically significant differences (all P>0.05). Different genotypes had no significant differences in the adverse reactions of Sox chemotherapy after advanced gastric cancer surgery (all P>0.05). The median DFS of the G/G genotype was 45 months (95% CI 41.73 - 48.28), which was higher than G/A+A/A genotype 38 months (95% CI 35.71 - 40.29)( P = 0.047). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln was risk factor for tumor recurrence in patients with advanced gastric cancer who received SOX chemotherapy after surgery ( RR = 2.178, 95% CI 1.078 - 4.402, P = 0.030). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln was independent risk factor for tumor recurrence in patients with advanced gastric cancer who received SOX chemotherapy after surgery ( RR = 2.581, 95% CI 1.242 - 5.363, P = 0.011). The median OS of G/G genotype and G/A+A/A genotype were 60 months (95% CI 57.81 - 62.19) and 55 months (95% CI 49.62 - 60.38). There was no significant difference in OS between G/G genotype and G/A+A/A genotype ( P = 0.202). Univariate regression analysis showed that the polymorphism of XRCC1 Arg399Gln wasn′t risk factor for death in patients with advanced gastric cancer who received SOX chemotherapy after surgery ( RR = 1.702, 95% CI 0.744 - 3.896, P = 0.208). Conclusions:The XRCC1 Arg399Gln gene polymorphism has no correlation with the adverse reactions of SOX chemotherapy after D 2 resection for advanced gastric cancer. But, the XRCC1 Arg399Gln G/G type is closely associated with the prognosis of patients, it has predictive value for better DFS.

Research progress on the pathological and clinical features of lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern / 肿瘤

In 2011,the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer(IASLC),American Thoracic Society(ATS)and European Respiratory Society(ERS)simultaneously defined micropapillary pattern(MPP)-based lung adenocarcinoma as an independent pathological type:micropapillary-predominant adenocarcinoma(MPA).Its histological and clinical specificities have attracted broad attention from researchers.Lung adenocarcinoma with a micropapillary pattern(MPPAC)often shows biological behaviors indicative of poor prognosis,including strong invasion,high metastasis rate and easy recurrence after surgical treatment.At present,the clinical diagnosis of MPPAC depends on postoperative pathological examination,but systematic studies on its pathological heterogeneity,molecular biological characteristics,clinical features and prognosis remains scarce.This review aims to focus on the research progress of the pathological and clinical features of MPPAC.

Design of a dynamic measurement system for Bl factor spatial distribution of resonant blood viscoelastic sensor / 生物医学工程学杂志

Bl factor is a key system parameter of the resonant blood viscoelastic sensor. In this paper, a dynamic measurement system for the spatial distribution of Bl factor based on velocity amplitude and motional impedance was designed. The system extracted the velocity amplitude and motional impedance of the coil under the dynamic condition of driving the sensor to generate simple harmonic oscillations using laser displacement and impedance analysis combined with in-phase/quadrature demodulation algorithm, and controlled the equilibrium position of the coil by adjusting the direct current component of the excitation current to realize the position scanning. In the position interval of [-240, 240] μm, the maximum coefficient of variation of the measurement results was 0.077 3%, and the maximum relative error to the simulation results was 2.937 9%, with a linear fitting correlation coefficient R 2 = 0.996 8. The system can be used to accurately measure the spatial distribution of Bl factor of the resonant blood viscoelastic sensor, which provides a technical support for the verification of the design of the sensor magnetic circuit.

Dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture of distal radius / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To explore clinical efficacy of dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture block of distal radius.@*METHODS@#From January 2019 to January 2022, 30 patients were treated with dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fracture of distal radius, including 13 males and 17 females, aged from 42 to 68 years old with an average of (48.7±5.6) years old;According to Doi fracture classification, 24 patients were type 3 blocks and 6 patients were type 4 blocks. The degree of palmar angle of anterior and posterior distal radius was fixed by dorsal steel plate during operation. Fracture healing and functional recovery of wrist were observed after operation. Functional evaluation was performed by Gartland and Werley scoring system at 12 months after operation.@*RESULTS@#All patients were followed up from 12 to 13 months with an average of (11.3±0.9) months. All fractures healed for 4 to 5 months with an average of(4.7±0.8) months. Median palpal inclination of anterior and posterior distal radius fixed by dorsal plate was 5.30°(4.85°, 6.03°), 12.45°(11.98°, 13.43°) respectively, and had statistical difference( P<0.01). Gartland and Werley scores was (1.1±0.4) at 12 months afteropertaion, and 27 patients got excellent result and 3 good.@*CONCLUSION@#Dorsal plate assisted fixation of dorsal lunate fossa fractures is beneficial to reduction and stabilization of displaced dorsal fractures and restoration of palmar inclination.

Application of Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the characteristics of auditory processing (AP) in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale (hereafter referred to as "auditory processing scale").@*METHODS@#A total of 41 children with ADHD and 41 typically developing (TD) children were assessed using the auditory processing scale, SNAP-IV rating scale, and Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test (K-CPT). The auditory processing scale score was compared between the TD and ADHD groups. The correlations of the score with SNAP-IV and K-CPT scores were assessed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the TD group, the ADHD group had significantly higher total score of the auditory processing scale and scores of all dimensions except visual attention (P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the total score of the auditory processing scale (rs30=0.531, P<0.05; rs27=0.627, P<0.05) as well as the scores of its subdimensions, including auditory decoding (rs=0.628, P<0.05), auditory attention (rs=0.492, P<0.05), and communication (rs=0.399, P<0.05). The hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the SNAP-IV rating scale was positively correlated with the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score of the auditory processing scale (rs=0.429, P<0.05). In the children with ADHD, the attention deficit dimension score of the K-CPT was positively correlated with the total score (rs30=0.574, P<0.05; rs27=0.485, P<0.05) and the hyperactivity-impulsivity dimension score (rs=0.602, P<0.05) of the auditory processing scale.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Preschool children with ADHD have the risk of AP abnormalities, and the auditory processing scale should be used early for the screening and evaluation of AP abnormalities in children.

Advances in epigenetics and treatment of childhood acute myeloid leukemia / 国际儿科学杂志

Epigenetic alterations include chromosome translocation, polycomb function and non-coding RNA abnormalities, and etc.A study on genome of childhood acute myeloid leukemia(AML)in children has shown that these abnormalities play an important role in the pathogenesis of AML, and epigenetic heterogeneity is associated with poor prognosis and relapse of AML.Presently, the overall survival(OS)for AML in children has been improved, but for the refractory/relapsed acute myeloid leukemia(r/r AML), the prognosis or curative effect remains poor.The curative effect is expected to be improved by epigenetics related therapies.A large number of studies have found that the epigenetic abnormalities of AML in children are different from those in adults.Some drugs targeting epigenetic alternations, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and IDH inhibitor, have been used to treat AML in children.This paper aims to review the epigenetic regulation abnormalities in children with AML and the progress in relevant clinical applications.

Dihydromyricetin reverses Herceptin resistance by up-regulating miR-98-5p and inhibiting IGF1R/HER2 dimer formation in SKBR3 cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the effect of dihydromyricetin on the expression of miR-98-5p and its mechanism in the development of Herceptin resistance in SKBR3 cells.@*METHODS@#The expression of IGF2 and miR-98-5p and their interaction relationship were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis through TargetScan online databases. SKBR3 cells and drug-resistant SKBR3-R cells were cultured in cell experiments. Xenograft tumor mice were constructed by SKBR3 and SKBR3-R cells. Proteins were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Transfected cells were constructed by shRNA lentivirus vectors. RT-QPCR was used to detect RNA. Cell proliferation was detected by MTS method. Cell jnvasion was detected by Transwell assay. Luciferase reporting assays were used to verify RNA interactions. IGF-1R/HER2 heterodimer was determined by immunocoprecipitation.@*RESULTS@#The expression of IGF2, p-IGF1R, p-Akt and p-S6K in SKBR3-R cells were significantly higher than those in SKBR3 cells, while the expression of PTEN protein was lower in SKBR3-R cells (P < 0.05). IGF1R/HER2 heterodimer in SKBR3-R cells was significantly increased (P < 0.01).The expression of IGF2 and invasion ability were significantly reduced while transfected with miR-98-5p in SKBR3-R cells (P < 0.05), but the IGF2 mRNA were no difference in both cells (P > 0.05). The expression of miR-98-5p was up-regulated and IGF2 was decreased in drug-resistant xenograft tumor mice after feeding with dihydromyricetin, and the tumor became more sensitivity to Herceptin (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Dihydromyricetin could induce the expression of miR-98-5p, which binds to IGF2 mRNA to reduce IGF2 expression, inhibit the IGF-1R/HER2 formation, thereby reversing cell resistance to Herceptin in SKBR3-R cells.

Detection of NPM1 Mutation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Droplet Digital PCR and Its Clinical Application Value / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To establish the droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for the detection of NPM1 type A mutation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and to evaluate its specificity, sensitivity and its value in clinical application.@*METHODS@#NPM1 mutant and wildtype plasmids were used to verify the performance of ddPCR. Both ddPCR and Sanger sequencing were used to detect the bone marrow samples of 87 AML patients, which were confirmed by next generation sequencing (NGS). Moreover, NPM1 mutation burden was dynamically monitored in five patients by ddPCR.@*RESULTS@#The limit of blank (LOB) of ddPCR established for NPM1 mutation detection was 1.1 copies/μl, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 2.43 copies/μl, which had good linearity. Among the 87 newly diagnosed AML patients, ddPCR identified seventeen cases positive for NPM1 mutation (19.5%)， which was consistent with Sanger sequencing. NGS confirmed 12 positive cases, including 8 of type A mutations, 2 of type D mutations, and 2 of rare type mutations. The results of dynamic monitoring of NPM1 mutation burden in 5 patients showed that the NPM1 mutation burden decreased obviously even close to 0, when patients achieve complete remission after chemotherapy. However, the mutation burden was increased again at the time of relapse.@*CONCLUSION@#In this study, we established a ddPCR method for detection of NPM1 mutation with good sensitivity and repeatability, which can be used for screening NPM1 mutation in newly diagnosed AML patients and for minimal residual disease monitoring after remission in positive AML patients to guide treatment.

Clinical Significance of Low Expression of LncRNA CASC15 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia with NPM1 Mutations / 中国实验血液学杂志

AbstractObjective: To identify the expression and methylation patterns of lncRNA CASC15 in bone marrow (BM) samples of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, and further explore its clinical significance.@*METHODS@#Eighty-two de novo AML patients and 18 healthy donors were included in the study. Meanwhile, seven public datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were included to confirm the expression and methylation data of CASC15. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied to determine the discriminative capacity of CASC15 expression to identify AML. The patients were divided into CASC15high group and CASC15low group by X-tile method, and the prognostic value of CASC15 was identified by Kaplan-Meier method and univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#The expression level of CASC15 was significantly decreased in BM cells of AML patients compared with healthy donors (P<0.001). ROC curve analysis suggested that CASC15 expression might be a potential biomarker to discriminate AML from controls. The expression of CASC15 was high at the early stage of hematopoiesis, and reached a peak at the stage of multipotent progenitors differentiation, then decreased rapidly, and was at a range of low level fluctuations in the subsequent process. Among FAB subtypes, CASC15 expression in M0 was significantly higher than that in M1-M7. Clinically, CASC15low patients were more likely to have NPM1 mutations than CASC15high patients (P=0.048), while CASC15high patients had a significantly higher frequency of IDH1 and RUNX1 mutations (P=0.021 and 0.014, respectively). Moreover, CASC15low group had a shorter overall survival (OS) in patients with NPM1 mutations. Furthermore, multivariate analysis confirmed that CASC15 expression was a significant independent risk factor for OS in NPM1 mutated AML patients. In addition, CASC15 methylation level in BM samples of AML patients was significantly decreased compared with healthy donors. Patients with CASC15 high methylation had poor OS and disease-free survival.@*CONCLUSION@#The expression of CASC15 is decreased in AML, and low CASC15 expression may predict adverse prognosis in AML patients with NPM1 mutations. Moreover, CASC15 methylation level in AML is significantly decreased, and high CASC15 methylation may predict poor prognosis in AML.

Effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on tuberculin skin test / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　This paper aims to explore the effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on the sensitivity of tuberculin skin test(TST), and to provide reference for tuberculin skin test in the future. Methods　TST and emergency varicella vaccine were administered to students in grade one of a high school in Wuxi, Jiangsu province, who had both TB and varicella cases. Independent-samples t test was used to analyze the mean diameter of induration of TST in day 0, day 83 and day 195. The retrospective cohort study was used to analyze the effect of live attenuated varicella vaccine on TST. 　　Results　The mean induration diameter of 45 students who participated in three TST tests on day 0, day 83 and day 195 were analyzed by independent sample t test. On day 0, there was a difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the unvaccinated and vaccinated groups(1.630±2.837 vs 5.818±4.530) (t=-3.692, P=0.001). On day 83, there was no difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the two groups(0.001±0.001 vs 0.114±0.533) (t=-1.000, P=0.329). On day 195, there was a difference in the mean diameter of TST induration between the two groups(1.913±3.774 vs 5.023±5.126) (t=-2.309, P=0.026). Moreover, the retrospective cohort study showed that the mean diameter of TST induration changed more significantly after inoculation with varicella vaccine, RR=6.071, 95%CI (1.667-22.116), P<0.05; After inoculation with varicella vaccine, the mean diameter of TST test did not change significantly from day 0 to day 195 with no statistical significance RR=3.474, 95%CI (0.333-36.240), P>0.05. Conclusions　Live attenuated varicella vaccine may temporarily affect the sensitivity of tuberculin skin test.

Analysis of factors affecting the compliance of postpartum pelvic floor muscle training / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the difference in behavioral characteristics among different phenotypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), so as to provide insights into clinical differentiation of behavioral characteristics among different phenotypes of ADHD.@*Methods@#The children with ADHD admitted to The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University were enrolled and classified into the inattentive type (ADHD-I), hyperactive/impulsive type (ADHD-HI) and combined type (ADHD-C). The reaction time (RT) was measured using integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test, and the mean (RT-mean) and standard deviation of RT (RT-SD) were estimated. In addition, the ALFF was calculated at 0.010 to 0.027, 0.027 to 0.073, 0.073 to 0.167 Hz, and the difference of ALFF was compared among children with different types of ADHD. @*Results@#A total of 107 children with ADHD were enrolled, including 95 boys and 12 girls, with a mean age of (8.89±1.93) years. There were 69 children with ADHD-I, 8 children with ADHD-HI and 30 children with ADHD-C. The RT-SD was significantly higher among children with ADHD-C than among children with ADHD-I [(126.003±51.619) ms vs. (97.720±45.302) ms; P=0.007]; however, there was no significant difference in RT-mean among children with various ADHD phenotypes (F=1.386, P=0.255). There was an interaction between frequency and ADHD phenotypes (F=2.754, P=0.032), and the ALFF was significantly higher among children with ADHD-C than among children with ADHD-I at 0.010 to 0.027 [(5 590.567±231.595) ms vs. (4 694.001±154.397) ms; P=0.002] and 0.073 to 0.167 Hz [(4 312.609±174.709) ms vs. (3 690.805±116.473) ms; P=0.005].@*Conclusions @#The ALFF varies in ADHD phenotypes, and there is a frequency-specific difference.