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In this article,the mechanism of Shanxian Granule in inhibiting liver cancer,lung cancer,sarcoma,melanoma and other tumors was reviewed,with a view to providing a theoretical basis for the clinical research of Shanxian Granules in the treatment of malignant tumors.Shanxian Granule are the pure Chinese medicine preparation for counteracting malignant tumor developed by the Oncology Research Team of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine on the basis of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment combined with decades of clinical experience as well as the achievements of modern pharmacological research.Shanxian Granule are mainly composed of Crataegi Fructus,Agrimoniae Herba,Panacis Quinquefolii Radix,Curcumae Rhizoma,Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum,Trionycis Carapax,Corydalis Rhizoma,and Polyporus,and have the actions of benefiting qi and nourishing yin,supporting healthy-qi and cultivating the essence,activating blood and removing stasis,and eliminating swelling and counteracting cancer.The compatibility of Shanxian Granule embodies the principle of supporting healthy-qi but avoiding maintaining pathogens,and eliminating pathogens but avoiding injuring healthy-qi.The granules can effectively inhibit the growth and metastasis of liver cancer,lung cancer,sarcoma,melanoma and other tumors both in vivo and in vitro,alleviate the clinical symptoms of tumor patients,and improve their prognosis.The anti-tumor mechanism of Shanxian Granules is related to the enhancement of body immune function,inhibition of tumor cell proliferation,enhancement of tumor cell apoptosis,inhibition of tumor cell invasion and metastasis as well as the tumor angiogenesis.
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Dry eye(DE)is a multifactorial chronic ocular surface disease.Patients often report pain,with inflamma-tion being one of the primary causes of ocular surface pain in DE.Anti-inflammation is the most critical tool in the treat-ment of DE.The latest inflammatory diagnosis and treatment specifications for DE are detailed in the Diagnosis,Manage-ment and Treatment of Inflammation in Dry Eye:Recommendations of the European Expert Working Group on the Man-agement of Infllammation in Dry Eye.This article provides a comprehensive interpretation of the consensus,aiming to im-prove the diagnosis and treatment levels of DE among medical practitioners and better serve ophthalmic patients.
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IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a newly recognized fibro-inflammatory condition of autoimmune etiology in recent twenty years, mainly manifesting as mass-forming lesions in single or multiple organs. In the past, it was often missed or misdiagnosed as inflammation or tumor. Patients may die from multiple organ failure due to end-stage fibrosis if they are not treated promptly. However, the number of clinically confirmed cases has gradually increased with the improvement of diagnostic level in recent years, and these patients have benefited greatly after receiving early treatment. Although patients generally respond well to traditional immunosuppressors including glucocorticoids and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs, refractory and recurrent cases, even patients with glucocorticoid contraindication are common. Important mechanistic insights have been derived from studies of B-cell depletion therapy, but greater awareness of the pathophysiology of IgG4-RD is still badly needed to identify novel therapeutic targets. In this article, we reviewed the pathogenesis progress and promising therapy of IgG4-RD to seek better clinical management of IgG4-RD.
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The paper analyzes the application scenarios of the information systems in large grade A class 3 hospitals by referring to domestic and overseas experience and standards,classifies and quantifies the demands for the business continuity of the Hospital Information System (HIS),and studies the technical schemes applicable for hospitals based on the core elements of the disaster recovery capability of the information system,including backup infrastructures,backup network,backup data processing system,data backup and protection,etc.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of autophagy in MnCl2-induced apoptosis in human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry. Autophagic vacuoles were detected by fluorescence microscopy. Cellular levels of apoptosis and autophagy-related proteins were measured by western blotting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>16HBE cell proliferation was inhibited by MnCl2 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. MnCl2-induced 16HBE cell growth inhibition was related to MMP depolarization prior to the induction of apoptosis. Our data revealed that MnCl2-induced apoptosis in 16HBE cells was mediated by decreased expression of Bcl-2 and increased levels of cleaved caspase-3. It was observed that when we exposed 16HBE cells to MnCl2 in a dose-dependent manner, the formation of autophagic vacuoles and the levels of LC-3B-II were elevated. RNA interference of LC3B in these MnCl2-exposed cells demonstrated that MMP loss and apoptosis were enhanced. Additionally, the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK increased the cellular levels of Bcl-2 and decreased apoptosis, but did not affect the cellular levels of LC3B in MnCl2-treated 16HBE cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MnCl2 dose- and time-dependently inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and induces MMP loss and apoptosis. Autophagy acts in a protective role against MnCl2-induced apoptosis in 16HBE cells.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones , Pharmacology , Apoptosis , Autophagy , Physiology , Bronchi , Cell Line , Chlorides , Pharmacology , Down-Regulation , Epithelial Cells , Gene Expression Regulation , Manganese Compounds , PharmacologyABSTRACT
To discuss the effective method of decreasing the postoperative recurrence rate of recurrent pterygium. ●METHODS:Totally 126 cases (126 eyes) with recurrent pterygium were randomly divided into A group (56 cases) and B group ( 70 cases ). Group A was treated by pterygium conjunctive reverse transplantation combined with amniotic membrane transplantation, group B was treated by amniotic membrane transplantation. The followed-up time after surgery was 6-24mo. ●RESULTS:ln group A, postoperative 5-7d (average 5. 62± 1. 38d), cornea epithelium was repaired. ln group B, postoperative 7- 10d ( average 7. 38 ± 1. 12d), the corneal wound was healed. There was statistical significant difference between two groups (t = 4. 307,P ●CONCLUSlON: lt is suggested that pterygium conjunctive reverse transplantation combined with amniotic membrane transplantation is effective in the treatment of recurrent pterygium.
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Objective To investigate the molecular characteristics of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) living in vector mosquitoes,from Zhejiang province.Methods A total of 13620 mosquitoes were collected from the monitoring stations located in Cixi city and Xianju county in Zhejiang province,in July and August,2009-2010.Nucleic acid of JEV from the mosquitoes was monitored by using real-time RT-PCR.The virus strains were isolated with BHK-21 cell line,with E genes of the isolated viruses amplified,sequenced and their phylogeny and homology analyzed.Results The positive rates of JEV for those mosquitoes collected in the stations of Cixi and Xianju were 17.0％ (27/159) and 3.4％ ( 1/29 ),respectively.Twenty-two JEV strains were isolated,accounted for 15.4％ among the 143 batches of mosquitoes collected in 2010.All E genes in the 6 sequenced virus isolates contained 1500 nucleotides encoding 500 amino acids,in which no inserts and deletions were identified.The identity rates of nucleotide and amino acid in E gene were 99.2％-99.8％ and 100.0％ among the 6 JEV strains isolated from Zhejiang,99.1％-99.3％ and 99.2％-99.8％ between the Zhejiang strains in 2009-2010 and the Zhejiang strains in 2007-2008,respectively,87.6％-88.0％ and 97.8％ between the 6 Zhejiang strains and the vaccine strain SA 14-14-2 of JEV,respectively.The phylogeny tree of E gene indicated that the JEV isolates in Zhejiang during 2009-2010 was located in the branch of the genotype Ⅰ.Conclusion Mosquitoes collected from Cixi and Xianju areas carried JEV,with the rate of JEV in Cixi higher than in Xianju.All the Zhejiang isolates in 2009-2010 were proven to be the genotype Ⅰ of JEV.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for determination of scandoside methyl ester in Hedyotis chrysotricha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The determination was carried out on an HC-C18 column elnted with acetonitrile-water (7:93) as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was set at 238 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There is a good linearity in the range 22.08-552 mg L(-1) of scandoside methyl ester and the average recovery is 97.7% (n = 6), RSD 0.72%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is convenient, quick, and is applicable to the quality control of H. chrysotricha.</p>
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Esters , Hedyotis , ChemistryABSTRACT
The objective of this work was to develop a valuable adsorbent for recovery of platinum by studying the properties of Pt4+ -adsorption with immobilized Citrobacter freudii XP05 biomass. Five methods for immobilization of Citrobacter freudii XP05 biomass were compared. The method with gelatin-alginate sodium as entrapment matrix was considered to be the optimal. Spherical and uniform beads were produced and the SEM micrograph indicated that the cell of strain XP08 were uniformly dispersed within the matrix. The adsorption of Pt4+ by immobilized XP05 biomass was affected with adsorptive time, pH value of the solution, immobilized biomass concentration, Pt4+ initial concentration The adsorption was a rapid process. The optimal pH value for Pt4+ adsorption was 1.5, and its adsorptive capacity increased linearly with increasing Pt4+ initial concentrations in the range of 50 - 250 mg/L. The experimental data could be fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models of adsorption isotherm. The adsorptive capacity reached 35.2 mg/g under the conditions of 250 Pt4+ mg/L, 2.0 g/L immobilized biomass, pH 1.5 and 30 degrees C for 60 min. 98.7% of Pt4+ adsorbed on immobilized biomass could be desorbed with 0.5 mol HC1/L. The characteristics of dynamic adsorption and desorption of immobilized XP05 biomass in packed-bed reactor were investigated. The saturation uptake was 24.66 mg Pt4+ /g under the conditions of flow rate 1.2 mL/min, pH 1.5, 50 mg Pt4+/L and 1.85 g biomass(dry weight) . Adsorptive efficiency of Pt4 + by the immobilized XP05 biomass was above 78% for 4 cycles of adsorption and desorption. The recovery of platinum from waste platinum catalyst was studied. The adsorptive capacity was 20.94 mg Pt4+/g immobilized biomass under the conditions of 4.0 g/L immobilized XP05 biomass, 117.76 mg Pt4+/L and pH 1.5 for 60 min. The immobilized XP05 biomass is potentially applicable to the recovery of platinum from waste and wastewater containing platinum.
Subject(s)
Biomass , Bioreactors , Microbiology , Citrobacter , Metabolism , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Microspheres , Platinum , Metabolism , Waste Disposal, Fluid , Methods , Water Pollutants, Chemical , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of different extracts of Alisma orientalis on urinary calcium oxalate stone formation in rats and to identify the effective constituents.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Different extracts were administered through a stomach tube to rats of different groups with renal calcium oxalate stones induced by ethylene glycol (EG) and ammonium chloride (AC).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In the rats administered with ethyl acetate elution of ethyl acetate extract, blood Cr, BUN, renal tissue calcium content, urinary calcium excretion and crystals deposition in renal tissue were significantly lower than those of the stone formation group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The ethyl acetate elution of ethyl acetate fraction extract of Alisma orientalis can significantly inhibit urinary calcium oxalate stone formation in rats and be the most effective constituent of Alisma orientalis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Alisma , Chemistry , Ammonium Chloride , Blood Urea Nitrogen , Calcium , Metabolism , Calcium Oxalate , Urine , Creatinine , Blood , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Ethylene Glycol , Kidney , Metabolism , Kidney Calculi , Metabolism , Magnesium , Metabolism , Urine , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Two Pseudomonas strains, K80 - B and K80 - A, can use hydrocarbon as carbon source by two different mechanisms. Different effects can be observed when they are applied to 69-8 oil of Dagan Oil Field. The strain K80-B producing both hydrocarbon pseudosolubilizing factor and hydrocarbon emulsifying factor can decrease the viscosity and solidifying point of the 69-8 oil 51.6% and 2℃ respectively. Whereas the other can only decrease 43.5% and 3℃ respectively. When the two strains are mixed, synergistic effect on crude oil is obvious.