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1.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; Arch. cardiol. Méx;94(2): 208-218, Apr.-Jun. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556918

ABSTRACT

Resumen El tratamiento del infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST tiene barreras dependiendo de la región geográfica. La angioplastia coronaria primaria es el tratamiento de elección, siempre y cuando sea realizada dentro de tiempo y por operadores experimentados. Sin embargo, cuando no está disponible, la administración de fibrinólisis y el envío para angioplastia de rescate, en caso de reperfusión negativa, es la mejor estrategia. De la misma manera, la angioplastia coronaria, como parte de una estrategia farmacoinvasiva, es la mejor alternativa cuando hay reperfusión positiva. El desarrollo de redes de tratamiento del infarto aumenta el número de pacientes reperfundidos dentro de los tiempos recomendados y mejora los desenlaces. En América Latina, los programas nacionales para el tratamiento del infarto deben centrarse en mejorar los resultados y el éxito a largo plazo depende de trabajar hacia objetivos definidos y obtener métricas de rendimiento, por lo tanto, estos deben desarrollar métricas para cuantificar su desempeño. El siguiente documento discute todas estas alternativas y sugiere oportunidades de mejora.


Abstract The treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction has barriers depending on the geographic region. Primary coronary angioplasty is the treatment of choice, if it is performed on time and by experienced operators. However, when it is not available, the administration of fibrinolysis and referral for rescue angioplasty, in case of negative reperfusion, is the best strategy. In the same way, coronary angioplasty, as part of a pharmacoinvasive strategy, is the best alternative when there is positive reperfusion. The development of infarct treatment networks increases the number of patients reperfused within the recommended times and improves outcomes. In Latin America, national myocardial infarction treatment programs should focus on improving outcomes, and long-term success depends on working toward defined goals and enhancing functionality, therefore programs should develop capacity to measure their performance. The following document discusses all of these alternatives and suggests opportunities for improvement.

2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(5): 653-656, mayo 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139349

ABSTRACT

Background: Lack of compliance with medication prescription is common among older adults and hamper an adequate management of chronic conditions. Aim: To study the association between health literacy and medication adherence in older adults with chronic diseases in Temuco, Chile. Material and Methods: The Health Literacy survey for Spanish-speaking Adults, MiniMental examination and the Morisky-Green test to assess compliance with medication prescription were applied to 119 older adults aged 60 to 88 years. Results: All participants had an adequate global cognitive performance; 24% had inadequate literacy, and 42% did not comply with medication prescription. There was a significant correlation between health literacy and medication adherence. Conclusions: Health literacy influences medication adherence in Chilean older adults.


Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Health Literacy/statistics & numerical data , Chile , Chronic Disease , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(4): 415-423, abr. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-747546

ABSTRACT

Background: Intracoronary delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells is an interesting therapeutic promise for patients with heart failure of different etiologies. Aim: To evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of this therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of different etiologies under optimal medical treatment. Patients and Methods: Prospective, open-label, controlled clinical trial. Of 23 consecutive patients, 12 were assigned to autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell intracoronary transplantation, receiving a mean dose of 8.19 ± 4.43 x 10(6) CD34+ cells. Mortality, cardiovascular readmissions and cancer incidence rate, changes in functional capacity, quality of life questionnaires and echocardiographic measures from baseline, were assessed at long-term follow-up (37.7 ± 9.7 months) in patients receiving or not the cells. Results: No significant differences were observed in mortality, cardiovascular readmissions or cancer incidence rate amongst groups. An improvement in functional class and quality of life questionnaires in the transplanted group was observed (p < 0.01). The treated group showed a non-significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction at long-term follow-up (from 26.75 ± 4.85% to 34.90 ± 8.57%, p = 0.059 compared to baseline). There were no changes in left ventricular volumes. We observed no improvement of these variables in the control group. Conclusions: Intracoronary transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells is feasible and safe in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy of diverse etiologies. This therapy was associated to persistent improvements in functional class and quality of life. There was also a non-significant long-term improvement of left ventricular function.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Bone Marrow Transplantation/methods , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/surgery , Bone Marrow Transplantation/mortality , Cardiac Volume/physiology , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/mortality , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated , Follow-Up Studies , Patient Readmission/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Quality of Life , Stroke Volume/physiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Transplantation, Autologous , Treatment Outcome , Ventricular Function/physiology
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 142(8): 1034-1046, ago. 2014. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-728352

ABSTRACT

Available medical therapy is unable to completely prevent or revert the pathological cardiac remodeling secondary to ischemia or other injuries, which is responsible for the development of heart failure. Regenerative medicine through stem cells had an explosive development in the cardiovascular area during the past decade. Stem cells possess the capacity to regenerate, repair or substitute damaged tissue, allowing the reestablishment of its function. Stem cells can also modulate apoptosis, angiogenesis, fibrosis and inflammation, favoring the endogenous regenerative process initiated by the damaged tissue. These capacities have been corroborated in several animal models of cardiovascular diseases with positive results. In humans, therapies with bone marrow mononuclear stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and cardiac stem cells are safe. Most randomized clinical trials in patients with myocardial infarction or cardiomyopathies of different etiologies have reported benefits on ventricular function, quality of life and even over mortality of treated patients. This article reviews the state of art of stem cell therapy in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on the most common cellular types used in patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic cardiomyopathies of different etiologies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Diseases/surgery , Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Cell Transdifferentiation , Chronic Disease , Heart Diseases/surgery , Multipotent Stem Cells/physiology , Multipotent Stem Cells/transplantation , Myocardial Infarction/surgery
5.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 33(1): 67-73, 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-713530

ABSTRACT

Se presenta el caso clínico de una mujer de 20 años que presenta insuficiencia cardíaca de rápida instalación, asociada a síntomas de infección respiratoria viral, 9 semanas post parto. Previamente había presentado hipertensión en el puerperio precoz. Se demostró una severa disfunción sistólica (FE 12 por ciento). Se recuperó con medidas convencionales del tratamiento de Insuficiencia cardíaca y finalmente recibió bromocriptina basado en reportes favorables de la literatura respecto del uso de este fármaco. En el control al año de su alta, se mantenía asintomática pero persistía severa disminución de la FE (18 por ciento) y dilatación de cavidades izquierdas. Se revisa la información acerca de esta patología.


A 20 year old woman developed rapidly progressive heart failure 9 weeks after delivery. For a few weeks she was hypertensive. A severe systolic dysfunction with an EF of 12 percent was shown on echocardiography. She recovered on conventional treatment of congestive heart failure. Eventually she received bromocriptine con the basis of favorable literature reports. A follow up control at one year showed an asymptomatic patient, however severe systolic dysfunction with EF 18 percent was still present.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Bromocriptine/therapeutic use , Heart Failure/drug therapy , Heart Failure , Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular , Postpartum Period
6.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 33(2): 142-146, 2014. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-726140

ABSTRACT

Se describe el caso de un hombre de 24 años que se presenta con Púrpura trombocitopénico, cuyo estudio ecocardiográfico y tomografía computada demostró masa tumoral ocupando las cavidades derechas. Se evidenció posteriormente un tumor testicular izquierdo con componentes de seminoma y teratoma. Se resecó el tumor testicular y posteriormente el tumor intracardíaco, con normalización del recuento plaquetario.


A 24 year old man presented with severe thrombocytopenia. An intracardiac mass was shown to be a metastasis from a malignant testicular tumor. Resection of the primary tumor and the intracardiac metastasis led to full recovery of thrombocytopenia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Heart Neoplasms/surgery , Heart Neoplasms/secondary , Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/surgery , Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/secondary , Echocardiography , Heart Neoplasms/complications , Testicular Neoplasms/surgery , Platelet Count , Thrombocytopenia/etiology
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(8): 977-986, ago. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-698695

ABSTRACT

Background: In 2005, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was included in a universal health plan (GES) to reduce inequity in care and optimize its diagnosis and treatment. Aim: To evaluate the effect of GES in risk factor control and therapeutic management among patients with AMI. Material and Methods: A survey was conducted in 2008-2009 in six public hospitals. Patients were identified from a hospital based registry of AMI and evaluated one year later with laboratory tests and an interview. Results: The registry enrolled 534 patients with ST and non ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Of these, 416 patients aged 63 ± 12 years (25% women) were evaluated one year later. Eighty three percent were evaluated by a cardiologist and 37% by a general practitioner. Twenty two percent were evaluated by a nurse and 22% by a nutritionist. At the moment of the interview, 9% smoked, 78% were overweight or obese, 24% performed moderate or vigorous physical activity ≥ 150 min/week, 60% had systolic pressure > 130 mmHg and 63% a diastolic pressure > 80 mmHg. In 30%, LDL cholesterol was > 100 mg/dl and in 43%, triglycerides were > 150 mm/dl. Twenty two percent were diabetic and among them, 52% had a glycosilated hemoglobin > 7%. Forty five percent of non-diabetic patients had a fasting glucose > 100 mg/dl. Ninety three percent were in treatment with aspirin, 86% with statins, 66% with b-blockers, and 73% with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers and 20% with clopidogrel. Conclusions: Despite the high proportion of patients in treatment with evidence-based therapy, many do not achieve the targets for risk factor control with the new health care model.


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control , Program Evaluation , Secondary Prevention/methods , Universal Health Insurance , Acute Disease , Chile/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Hospitals, Public , Life Style , Myocardial Infarction/drug therapy , Myocardial Infarction/epidemiology , Registries/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors
8.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 32(1): 11-20, 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-678036

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Estudios recientes indican que el trasplante intracoronario de células mononucleares de médula ósea (BMCs) autólogas, mejoran la fracción de eyección (FEVI) y otros marcadores clínicos en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC). Objetivo: Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia de la administración intracoronaria de BMCs autólogas, en pacientes con insuficiencia cardíaca (IC) en fase dilatada, de diferente etiología y en óptimas condiciones de tratamiento médico. Método: De 23 pacientes consecutivos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, 12 fueron asignados a trasplante intracoronario de BMCs autólogas, recibiendo una dosis media de 8.19+/-4.43 x 10(6) células CD34+ (Grupo trasplantado). Los pacientes restantes sólo recibieron terapia estándar (Grupo control). Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados mediante Electrocardiograma, Ecocardiografía, Holter ECG, RMN Cardíaca, Test de esfuerzo, Potenciales Ventriculares Tardíos, Variabilidad de Frecuencia Cardíaca y evaluación clínica a los 0, 3, 6 y 12 meses. La capacidad funcional (CF) fue evaluada clínicamente y por cuestionarios de calidad de vida. Elanálisis estadístico fue realizado mediante Test Anova, y test de Bonferroni. Resultados: El grupo trasplantado presentó un aumento significativo de la FEVI a los 6 meses (26.75+/-4.85 vs 37.82+/-6.97 por ciento, p=0.001) mejoría que se mantuvo a los 12 meses (26.75+/-4.85 vs 37.27+/-7.51 por ciento, p=0.002). Hubo una mejora significativa de la CF en el grupo trasplantado a los 6 y 12 meses (p<0.001). No hubo cambios significativos en los volúmenes de ventrículo izquierdo, así como en las restantes variables estudiadas. En el grupo control no observamos cambios de estas variables. No hubo complicaciones en relación al trasplante de BMCs. Conclusión: En pacientes con IC severa y baja FEVI, el trasplante intracoronario de células BMCs au-tólogas, se asoció a una mejoría significativa de la FEVI y la CF, a los 6 y 12 meses. Adicionalmente, no observamos ...


Background: Recent studies indicate that intra-coronary delivery of autologous bone marrow mono-nuclear cells (BMCs) improves the ejection fraction (LVEF) and other clinical markers in patients with heart failure (HF). Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of intraco-ronary delivery of autologous BMCs in patients with HF in dilated phase under optimal medical treatment. Method: Of 23 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria, 12 were assigned to autologous BMCs intracoronary transplantation, receiving a mean dose of 8.19+/-4.43 x 106 CD34+ cells (BMCs group). The remaining patients received only standard therapy (control group). All patients were evaluated by Electrocardiogram, Echocardiography, Holter Monitoring, Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Stress Testing, Ventricular Late potetials, Heart Rate Variability, and regular clinical examination at baseline and at follow-up (3, 6 and 12 months). Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni testing were used for statistic analysis. Results: The BMCs group presented a significant increase in EF at sixth months (26.75+/-4.85 vs. 37.82+/-6.97 per cent, p=0.001) and 12 months post-transplant (26.75+/-4.85 vs. 37.27+/-7.51 per cent, p=0.002). There was a significant improvement in functional (NYHA) in the transplanted group at 6 and 12 months (p<0.001). There were no significant changes concerning left ventricular volumes, heart rate variability and exercise stress testing. We observed no improvement of these variables in the control group. There were no complications related to the BMCs transplant. Conclusions: Intracoronary infusion of auto-logous BMCs, in addition to standard therapy, was associated with significant improvement of left ventricular function at 12 months in patients with HF. We observed no complications relative to the procedure.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Heart Failure/therapy , Ventricular Function , Analysis of Variance , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/physiopathology , Follow-Up Studies , Single-Blind Method
9.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 32(1): 66-70, 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-678045

ABSTRACT

El presente caso clínico trata de una paciente mujer de 42 años, en quien se encuentra una masa intracardíaca del corazón derecho, que estudiada con imágenes derivadas de ecocardiografía de superficie y transesofágica lleva a la sospecha de trombo, que es confirmado tras excéresis quirúrgica. Se analizan las etiopatogenias posibles y diagnóstico diferencial de masas intracardíacas.


A 42 year old woman is found to have right ventricular of intracardiac mass through surface and transesophageal echocardiography. Characteristics of the mass suggest a thrombus which is confirmed at the time of surgical removal. Different etiologies and differential diagnosis of intracardiac masses is discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Thrombectomy , Coronary Thrombosis/surgery , Coronary Thrombosis/diagnosis , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Stem Cell Transplantation
10.
Salud pública Méx ; 48(3): 236-243, mayo-jun. 2006. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-430080

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el conocimiento y las prácticas de los proveedores de servicios de salud en la Ciudad de México sobre el cáncer cervicouterino y el virus del papiloma humano (VPH); comparar a este respecto a ginecoobstetras (GO) y médicos generales (MG). MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: En abril del 2003, 187 GO y MG empleados en 15 hospitales afiliados a la Secretaría de Salud del Distrito Federal (SSDF) completaron un cuestionario autoaplicado. Se utilizó la prueba de ji cuadrada de Pearson para evaluar las diferencias entre GO y MG. RESULTADOS: Casi todos los participantes (93%) identificaron el VPH como la causa principal del cáncer cervicouterino. Los GO mostraron un conocimiento más detallado del VPH que los MG, con más probabilidad de haber escuchado de las cepas oncogénicas comunes del VPH (p= 0.000). Un 16% de los médicos contestó incorrectamente que los exámenes de Papanicolaou deben realizarse cada seis meses y 17% recomendó la histerectomía como una opción de tratamiento para displasia leve o moderada. CONCLUSIONES: Los médicos que se desempeñan en el SSDF demostraron conocimiento básico acerca de la relación entre el cáncer cervicouterino y el VPH. Sin embargo, las normas relativas al tamizaje y manejo son áreas prioritarias para las intervenciones educativas dirigidas a esta población.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Gynecology/education , Obstetrics/education , Papillomaviridae , Papillomavirus Infections/complications , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/virology , Hospitals, Public , Hospitals, Urban , Mexico , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban Population
11.
Bol. Hosp. San Juan de Dios ; 52(4): 222-228, jul.-ago. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-423546

ABSTRACT

El síndrome coronario agudo se debe, la mayoría de las veces, a un accidente de una placa ateroesclerótica coronaria y se presenta con diferentes formas clínicas de fácil reconocimiento: angor inestable, infarto sin supradesnivel del segmento ST, cada una con un manejo estandarizado tomando en cuenta la evidencia científica disponible, lo que permite sugerir pautas de manejo específico. Muy importante es reconocer la presencia de este síndrome; la atención adecuada del paciente, especialmente las primeras 24 horas, en un lugar preparado para ello, la consideración de medidas generales y específicas, dirigidas éstas últimas a la repercusión coronaria (trombolisis sistémica o angioplastia percutánea) y el inicio de medicamentos útiles en el control de síntomas y aumento de sobrevida.


Subject(s)
Humans , Acute Disease , Coronary Disease/diagnosis , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Coronary Disease/therapy , Syndrome , Coronary Disease/prevention & control , Emergency Medical Services
12.
Perinatol. reprod. hum ; 5(4): 181-5, oct.-dic. 1991. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-118309

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de Fitz-Hugh-Curtis se define como la presencia de una perihepatitis asociada a salpingitis. Los agentes etiológicos reconocidos hasta la fecha son Chlamydia trachomatis y Neisseria gonorrhoeae. El cuadro clínico de este síndrome es inespecífico y puede ser confundido con procesos inflamatorios o infecciosos del tubo digestivo, aparato urinario y respiratorio, en los cuales la manifestación sintomática fundamental es el dolor en hipocondrio derecho. El diagnóstico debe de sospecharse en aquella mujer joven con vida sexual activa que tenga antecedentes de promiscuidad en ella o en su pareja, que se queje de dolor subcostal derecho. Es más probable el diagnóstico si se cuenta con el antecedente de enfermedad pélvica inflamatoria y más aún, si se tiene evidencia de que ésta sea causada por Neisseria gonorrehoeae y/o Chlamydia trachomatis. El diagnóstico definitivo se realiza con la visualización directa de la adherencia perihepática por laparoscopía o laparotomía. Se recomienda la primera. El tratamiento médico es a base de cefalosporinas y dicloxacilina y en algunos casos se requiere de la extirpación quirúrgica del proceso adherencial para mitigar el dolor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Chlamydia Infections/complications , Chlamydia trachomatis , Diagnosis, Differential , Gonorrhea/complications , Neisseria gonorrhoeae , Peritonitis/diagnosis , Salpingitis/diagnosis , Syndrome
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