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Objective@#To investigate the effect of holistic nursing on the rehabilitation of patients with occupational pneumoconiosis complicated with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) .@*Methods@#In October 2018, from September 2016 to September 2018, 120 pneumoconiosis patients with copd admitted to the occupational disease department of Laigang Hospital attached to Affilated to Shandong First Medical University were selected, according to random number table method is divided into experimental group (60 cases) and control group (60 cases) in the control group given conventional nursing, the experimental group to implement the holistic nursing, before and after the intervention were compared of two groups of patients with disease recognition grade self-management behavior of related parameters of blood gas analysis and lung function changes.@*Results@#Comparison of disease recognition score between the two groups, the experimental group was higher than the control group (P<0.05) . Comparison of scores of self-management behaviors such as diseases medical management, daily life management. Emotion management and so on between the two groups showed that the experimental group was higher than the control group (P<0.05) . Comparison of blood gas analysis indicators between the two groups showed that PaO2 in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) . Comparison of pulmonary function indicators between the two groups showed that FEV1 and FEV1/FVC in the experimental group were higher than that in the control group (P<0.05) .@*Conclusion@#Holistic nursing can effectively improve the cognition of pneumoconiosis patients with copd in the acute exacerbation stage, regulate their self-management behavior, improve arterial oxygen content, improve pulmonary ventilation function. and promote the recovery of the disease.
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Objective To observe the changes of pulmonary function parameters in healthy middle-aged and elderly people in Shanghai.Methods A total of 298 subjects aged 45 years and over with normal pulmonary function and no smoking history were selected among subjects who underwent routine physical examination from Jun 2009 to Sep 2011.The subjects were divided into three groups:45-59 years,60-69 years,and ≥70 years.The tested pulmonary function included 13 parameters:vital capacity (VC),residual volume (RV),functional residual capacity (FRC),total lung capacity (TLC),RV/TLC,forced vital capacity (FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),FEV1/FVC,peak expiratory flow (PEF),forced expiratory flow at 25 ％ of FVC exhaled (FEF25),forced expiratory flow at 50％ of FVC exhaled (FEF50),diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO),and specific diffusion capacity of CO (KCO).Results Compared with the young adults,7 pulmonary function parameters including VC,FVC,FEV1,PEF,TLC,DLCO and KCO were declined significantly in healthy middle aged and elderly people Compared with the young adults,pulmonary function parameters including RV and RV/TLC were increased [male (1.9 ±0.4)Lvs.(1.6±0.3)L,(34.7±4.9)％ vs.(26.4±4.3)％,P＜0.01;female (1.5±0.3)L vs.(1.3±0.3)L,(36.1±5.3)％ vs.(30.3±5.5)％,P＜0.01].Although RVincreased with aging in middle-aged and elderly people,but there was no statistical significance (P＞0.05).FRC didn't change obviously.FEV1/FVC was lower in old people than in young people[male (80.7±4.3)％ vs.(84.2±5.6)％,P ＜0.01;female (82.5± 5.5) ％ vs.(86.4±4.8)％,P＜0.01],but the difference between 3 groups of middle-aged and the elderly was not significant.The FEV1/FVC of men and women aged 70 and more were (80.2±4.5)％ and (81.8±5.6)％,respectively.Conclusions Both ventilation function and diffusion function of healthy elderly people are decreased with ageing,RV is increased and FRC is steady,and the declining tendency of FEV1/FVC obviously slows down with aging in middle aged and elderly people.
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Objective To study the changes of intestinal epithelial barrier function in rats with aging.Methods SD rats were divided into 3 groups:3-month-old group (group A),12-month-old group (group B) and 24-month-old group (group C,established by D-galactose injection with the dose of 0.125 g· kg-1 · d-1subcultaneously for 6 weeks) (n=10,each).The terminal ileum was obtained to make microtome section,and the morphology of small intestine mucous membrane,trophonema altitude and thickness were observed under light microscope.Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions in terminal ileum mucous membrane were detected by immunohistochemistry.The expressions of Occludin and ZO 1 mRNA were determined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height were lower in group C and B than in group A [thickness:(87.6± 6.32) μm,(131.8± 5.22) μm vs.(162.9±7.28) μm; villus height:(56.4±5.38) μm,(76.7±5.40) μm vs.(108.1±6.42) μm;both P＜0.05].The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height was lower in group C than in group B (both P＜0.05).Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions in small intestine tissue were reduced in group C and B as compared with group A [Occludin protein:(2.23±0.60)％,(4.21±0.61)％ vs.(12.31±0.94)％; ZO-1 protein:(2.03±0.54)％,(4.02±0.65) ％ vs.(12.21±0.81)％ ; both P＜0.05],and Occludin and ZO-1 protein expressions were less in group C than in group B (both P＜0.05).The levels of Occludin and ZO-1 mRNA in small intestine tissue were reduced in group C and B as compared with group A [Occludin:(0.20±0.03),(0.38±0.02) vs.(0.66±0.03) ; ZO-1:(0.18±0.03),(0.37±0.02) vs.(0.63±0.03); both P＜0.05],and Occludin and ZO-1 mRNA expressions were less in group C than in group B (both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The small intestinal mucosa thickness and villus height are reduced,the levels of Occludin and ZO-1 expressions are significantly decreased in small intestinal mucosa,and the intestinal barrier function is impaired with rat aging.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of lactulose on intestinal bacterial overgrowth (IBO), bacterial translocation (BT), intestinal transit and permeability in cirrhotic rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BT in all animals was assessed by bacterial culture of mesenteric lymph node (MLN), liver and spleen, and IBO was assessed by a jejunal bacterial count of the specific organism. Intestinal permeability was determined by the 24-hour urinary (99m)Tc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetatic acid ((99m)Tc-DTPA) excretion, and intestinal transit was determined by measuring the distribution of (51)Cr in the intestine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BT and IBO were found in 48% and 80% of the cirrhotic rats, respectively, while not in the control rats. Cirrhotic rats with IBO had significantly higher levels of intestinal endotoxin higher rates of bacterial translocation, shorter intestinal transit time and higher intestinal permeability than those without IBO. It was also found that BT were closely associated with IBO and injury of the intestinal barrier. Compared with the placebo group, lactulose-treated rats had lower rates of BT and IBO, which were closely associated with increased intestinal transit and improved intestinal permeability by lactulose.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study indicate that endotoxin and bacterial translocation in cirrhotic rats may attribute to IBO and increased intestinal permeability. Lactulose that accelerates intestinal transit and improves intestinal permeability might be helpful in preventing intestinal bacterial and endotoxin translocation.</p>