Association between quantitative CT-measured body composition and metabolic syndrome components in obese patients before bariatric surgery / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate the association between quantified CT (QCT)-measured body composition and metabolic syndrome (MS) components in obese populations before bariatric surgery.Methods:A cross-sectional study. A retrospective analysis was conducted on a cohort of 97 obese patients scheduled for weight-loss surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2021 to March 2023. The patients′ body mass index (BMI), biochemical parameters and body composition measurements obtained by QCT were recorded. The patients were stratified into groups based on gender, obesity severity and the number of MS components. Differences in body composition among the groups were compared. Additionally, the correlations between each body composition parameter and metabolic indicators were analyzed. The diagnostic efficacy of each body composition parameter for identifying obese individuals with different MS components was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results:There were 75 females (77.3%). Male obese patients had higher total abdominal fat area [(693.23±148.90) vs (574.99±114.89) cm 2, t=-3.958, P<0.001], visceral fat area [(289.65±57.67) vs (195.60±57.37) cm 2, t=-6.753, P<0.001], fat content of pancreatic head [27.45%(21.65%, 45.48%) vs 21.60%(17.6%, 26.9%), Z=-2.675, P=0.007], and skeletal muscle index [73.36(68.74, 81.26) vs 61.52(55.74, 66.41) cm 2/m 2, Z=-5.246, P<0.001]. With the increase of obesity, abdominal fat mainly increases in subcutaneous fat. With the increase of MS components (MS2 group, MS3 group, MS4 group, MS5 group), the abdominal fat area, abdominal fat/subcutaneous fat, liver fat content, pancreatic head fat content, and skeletal muscle index of patients all increased accordingly. In diagnosing the presence of two components of MS, area under the curve of visceral fat area was the largest (AUC=0.706, 95% CI=0.577-0.834). For diagnosing the presence of three, four and five components of MS, area under curve of liver fat content were all the largest (MS3=0.712, 95% CI=0.605-0.818; MS4=0.652, 95% CI=0.537-0.766; MS5=0.706, 95% CI=0.576-0.836). Conclusion:There are differences in QCT body composition among obese patients with different MS components, and there is a correlation between each body composition and MS component. Among them, intra-abdominal fat area and liver fat content are of great value in evaluating obese patients with different MS components.

National bloodstream infection bacterial resistance surveillance report (2022) : Gram-negative bacteria / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-negative bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2022.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of national bloodstream infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System（BRICS）were collected during January 2022 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results:During the study period，9 035 strains of Gram-negative bacteria were collected from 51 hospitals，of which 7 895（87.4%）were Enterobacteriaceae and 1 140（12.6%）were non-fermenting bacteria. The top 5 bacterial species were Escherichia coli（ n=4 510，49.9%）， Klebsiella pneumoniae（ n=2 340，25.9%）， Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ n=534，5.9%）， Acinetobacter baumannii complex（ n=405，4.5%）and Enterobacter cloacae（ n=327，3.6%）. The ESBLs-producing rates in Escherichia coli， Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus spp. were 47.1%（2 095/4 452），21.0%（427/2 033）and 41.1%（58/141），respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli（CREC）and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae（CRKP）were 1.3%（58/4 510）and 13.1%（307/2 340）；62.1%（36/58）and 9.8%（30/307）of CREC and CRKP were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination，respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii（CRAB）complex was 59.5%（241/405），while less than 5% of Acinetobacter baumannii complex was resistant to tigecycline and polymyxin B. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa（CRPA）was 18.4%（98/534）. There were differences in the composition ratio of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections and the prevalence of main Gram-negative bacteria resistance among different regions，with statistically significant differences in the prevalence of CRKP and CRPA（ χ2=20.489 and 20.252， P<0.001）. The prevalence of CREC，CRKP，CRPA，CRAB，ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were higher in provinicial hospitals than those in municipal hospitals（ χ2=11.953，81.183，10.404，5.915，12.415 and 6.459， P<0.01 or <0.05），while the prevalence of CRPA was higher in economically developed regions（per capita GDP ≥ 92 059 Yuan）than that in economically less-developed regions（per capita GDP <92 059 Yuan）（ χ2=6.240， P=0.012）. Conclusions:The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections shows an increasing trend，and Escherichia coli is ranked in the top，while the trend of CRKP decreases continuously with time. Decreasing trends are noted in ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Low prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and high prevalence in CRAB complex have been observed. The composition ratio and antibacterial spectrum of bloodstream infections in different regions of China are slightly different，and the proportion of main drug resistant bacteria in provincial hospitals is higher than those in municipal hospitals.

Study on identification of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and its two local varieties based on traditional and modern analysis methods / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To distinguish Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and its common countrerfeit, Hedyotis corymbosa. and Hedyotis tenelliflora. by analyzing and comparing their macroscopical identification, microscopic character and HPLC fingerprints. Methods:The features of macroscopical identification, microscopic character including cross-sections of stem, leaf, fruit and seed, and herbal powders were observed in the three samples by traditional methods. The difference of chromatographic peaks among the three samples were also analyzed by HPLC methods.Results:The stems of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. were cylindrical, and the capsules were solitary or double born in the leaf axils, oblate, 2-3 mm in diameter, with a long petiole; the Hedyotis corymbosa. and Hedyotis tenelliflora. were tetragonal, and the Hedyotis corymbosa. was 2-5 capsules born in leaf axils in corymbose inflorescences, globular, 1-1.5 mm in diameter, with a slender petiole; the Hedyotis tenelliflora. were 1-3 capsules clustered in the leaf axils, ovoid with longitudinal ribs around the margin, about 1.5 mm in diameter, without the long petiole, about 1.5 mm in diameter, sessile, the edge of the leaf drying revolute long needle-like. Under the identification, the cross section of the Hedyotis diffusa Willd. stem was almost round, the middle vein of the leaves was protrusion below, the inner pericarp fiber layer consisted of two layers of fiber cells, the surface of the seed coat cells was polygon, and the wall was densely covered with small reddish brown or yellow-brown warty spots. The cross section of the Hedyotis corymbosa. stem was quadrilateral, the surface of the seed coat cell was polygon, the wall was wavy and curved, and there was no warty point on the wall. The middle veins of the Hedyotis tenelliflora. were slightly sunken in the upper part, but not protruding in the lower part; the endocarp fiber layer consisted of 8 to 13 layers of fiber cells. Moreover, the HPLC fingerprint analysis demonstrated substantial dissimilarities in the characteristic peaks of these herbs. Conclusion:The traditional and modern analysis technology show that there are some differences in the characteristics, microscopical cross section, the powder characteristics, which can effectively distinguish the Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and its two local varieties.

Clinical characteristics of patients with migraine accompanied by tremor / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Objective:Migraine and tremor share some genetic mutation sites,and clinical studies have also confirmed their correlation.This study aims to explore the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of migraine patients with concomitant tremor,and to analyze the relevant influential factors of tremor occurrence. Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 217 migraine patients who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from June 2022 to October 2023.The Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor(CRST),Numerical Rating Scale(NRS),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7(GAD-7),and Patient Health Questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)were respectively used to assess the tremor symptoms,degree of headache,anxiety,and depression of patients.All patients underwent routine head MR scanning and electromyography examination,and were divided into a migraine with tremor group and a migraine without tremor group based on the electromyogram examination. Results:The migraine with tremor group and the migraine without tremor group were included 52 patients(23.96%)and 165 patients(76.04%),respectively.Compared with the migraine without tremor group,the migraine with tremor group had a longer course and duration of headache,higher frequency of headache attacks,higher NRS score,GAD-7 score,and PHQ-9 score,and fewer weekly physical exercises.The differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the presence or absence of prodromal headache and white matter hyperintensities(WMHs)between the 2 groups(both P>0.05).The evaluation results of the CRST showed that out of 217 migraine patients,39 patients(17.97%)were accompanied by tremors.The electromyographic results showed that all 52 migraine patients with tremors had upper limb tremors,including 28 migraine patients with postural tremors and 24 migraine patients with static tremors.Compared with the migraine patients with static tremors,the migraine patients with postural tremors had lower average frequency,peak frequency,and headache onset frequency(all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that frequency of physical exercise,duration of illness,frequency of headache attacks,NRS score,GAD-7 score,and PHQ-9 score were risk factors for migraine patients with concomitant tremors(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Patients with migraine mainly experience upper limb postural tremors.Reduced physical exercise,long course of disease,long duration of headache,frequent headache attacks,severe headache,anxiety,and depression are risk factors for migraine patients with concomitant tremors.

Investigation and Analysis of Health Education Needs of Patients Undergoing Radiofrequency Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation Based on Kano Model / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the health education needs of patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation and to provide a basis for the formulation of targeted health education programs.Methods A self-designed questionnaire on the health education needs of patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing radiofrequency ablation was designed based on the Kano model.A total of 190 patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent radiofrequency ablation in Grade 3A Hospital of Yunnan Province from February to July 2023 were investigated,and their health education needs were determined according to the Kano model.Results A total of 190 questionnaires were sent out,180 valid questionnaires were recovered,and the effective recovery rate was 94.74%.Among the 32 health education needs of patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation,including 6 necessary needs,13 expected needs,11 charismatic needs,and 2 undifferentiated needs,no reverse demand was found.The importance-satisfaction matrix diagram shows that 12 items are located in the dominant area,11 items in the area to be improved,7 items in the maintenance area,and 2 items in the secondary improvement area.Conclusion The Kano model can analyze the health education needs of patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation in multiple dimensions,and provide a reference for doctors and nurses to further develop the content and form of patient-oriented health education.

On the"3W"principles of Party building in public hospitals / 现代医院

With the implementation of Party building in public hospitals in the new era,and the deep integration of Party building of administration departments and healthcare services as well,the high-quality development of hospitals through high-quality Party building is realized,which is a topic that needs to be explored in Party building in public hospitals.The Party build-ing in public hospitals has its unique functional positioning.With the requirements of Party building in the new era and the de-mand for high-quality development of public hospitals,Party building in public hospitals needs to solve the problems of"What","How"and"Well"from the ideological perspective,top-level design and practical level respectively,which are called the"3W"principles.

Correlation between stool form and diversity of intestinal flora among children and adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the differences and diversity changes in gut microbiota between children and adolescents with constipation and diarrhea, and healthy individuals, and to explore the correlation between changes in stool consistency and gut microbiota, in order to provide a scientific reference for the research on intestinal microecology among children and adolescents.@*Methods@#From October 2021 to March 2022, a total of 42 children and adolescents with constipation and 37 with diarrhea from a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou City, and 43 healthy individuals from 3 primary and secondary schools were included in this study. Fecal samples of children and adolescents were collected and then stool genomic DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA gene high throughput sequencing, and the sequencing results were analyzed. In the analysis of alpha diversity, the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was used to compare the differences between the three groups, and the FDR multiple testing correction was used for pairwise comparisons. In the analysis of beta diversity, the Adonis test was used to compare the overall differences between the three groups, and the ANOSIM test was used for pairwise comparisons. In the LEfSe analysis, the LDA scores obtained through LDA analysis (linear regression analysis).@*Results@#Alpha diversity analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the Shannon index (4.01, 3.81, 4.19) and Simpson index (0.05, 0.06, 0.04) between the diarrhea group, constipation group, and healthy group ( H=6.05, 6.35, P <0.1). Further pairwise comparison showed that the Shannon index and Simpson index of the healthy group were higher than those of the constipation group ( P <0.1). Beta diversity analysis showed that the impact of grouping factors on inter group differences was statistically significant ( R 2=0.045, P <0.1). Community composition analysis showed that there were 234 species in total among the three groups, and 36 unique species in the healthy group, 36 species in the diarrhea group, and 48 species in the constipation group. Species difference analysis showed significant differences in species composition at the genus level among the three groups ( H=0.000 05, 0.000 16, 0.000 20, 0.000 21, 0.000 53, 0.001 39, P <0.1), including Lachnospiraceae of Firmicutes phylum, Eubacterium hallii, Veillonellaceae, Qscillospiraceae, Butyricicoccaceae and Staphylococcaceae, respectively. KEGG abundance statistics and COG functional analysis showed that there were no significant differences in gene expression abundance of the same function among the three groups ( P >0.1).@*Conclusions@#The different stool consistency of children and adolescents is related to changes in gut microbiota composition. Compared to the healthy group, children with constipation or diarrhea have disrupted gut microbiota balance, with a shift in dominant bacteria and a higher abundance of opportunistic pathogens.

Usage and Dosage Analysis and Countermeasures for Development of Compound Preparations of Han Dynasty Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

In order to provide a reference basis for the development of relevant compound preparations， this article takes a comprehensive analysis of the usage and dosage of famous classical formulas in Han dynasty from various perspectives， and gives corresponding countermeasures on this basis. Through the comprehensive analysis of the classification and statistics of Zhongjing's medication characteristics， decoction methods， administration and dosage， and combining conversion methods of weights and measures by ancient medical practitioners， along with the dosage and administration of the listed Han dynasty famous classical formulas， it was found that the "Jiangxi method" served as a general guideline for administration according to Zhongjing's original text. This method allowed for flexible dosing based on the conversion of the ancient measurements to modern equivalents［13.8 g per Liang（两）］， ensuring the safe and effective medication of these formulas. After combing， it is found that although the dosage of single medicine is large in famous classical formulas from Han dynasty， the administration is flexible. The crude drug amount per administration serves as the foundational dose， with the frequency of administration adjusted flexibly according to the condition. This dosing approach becomes the key for the rational development of compound formulations of famous classical formulas. Based on the conclusions of the study， it is recommended that when developing compound formulations of famous classical formulas in Han dynasty， the original administration method and dosage should be respected. The original crude drug amount per administration should be considered as the daily foundational dose， with the frequency of administration described within a range（1 to N times per day， where N is the maximum number of administrations as per the original text）. The specific frequency of administration can be adjusted flexibly by clinical practitioners based on the individual condition. This approach should also be adopted in toxicological studies， where the dosage per administration serves as the basis for toxicity research， and the toxicity profile at the maximum administration frequency should be observed， providing guidance on the clinical safety range. Corresponding drug labels should provide information within a range to indicate toxicological risk intervals.

Age Discrimination Based on Volatile Components of Arisaema Cum Bile / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo discriminate the age of Arisaema Cum Bile， the combination of headspace solid-phase microextraction （HS-SPME） with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） was applied to explore the differences of volatile components of unfermented， 1-year fermented， 2-year fermented， and 3-year fermented Arisaema Cum Bile. MethodSamples with different fermentation durations were collected and HS-SPME-GC-MS technology was employed to detect the volatile components of each sample. The relative contents of detected volatile components were processed and analyzed by chemometrics methods such as principal component analysis （PCA）， hierarchical cluster analysis （HCA）， and partial least squares discriminant analysis （PLS-DA）. ResultThe results showed that 145 volatile components were identified. Among these volatile components， the relative contents of heterocyclic， alcohols， aldehydes and aromatics were high. PCA， HCA， and PLS-DA can effectively separate Arisaema Cum Bile with four different ages. Based on variable importance in projection （VIP） value > 1， 73 markers of differential volatile components were identified. The content of 2，6，11-trimethyldodecane and m-xylene in unfermented samples was the highest， and the content difference between them and those in fermented samples was significant （P<0.05）. 2，3-butanediol was detected only in 1-year samples， octane was detected only in 2-year samples， and ethyl heptanoate was detected only in 3-year samples. These components can be used as odor markers for Arisaema Cum Bile with different fermentation years. ConclusionThe identification method of volatile components of Arisaema Cum Bile was established by HS-SPME-GC-MS technology， which can realize the rapid identification of unfermented， 1-year fermented， 2-year fermented， and 3-year fermented samples， and provide a scientific basis for the standardization of processing technology and quality standards of Arisaema Cum Bile.

Predictive value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure on autonomic nerve excitation in 186 patients with valvular disease: A prospective study / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective To explore the predictive value of systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) on autonomic nerve excitation in patients with valvular disease, so as to provide reference for the formulation of clinical intervention plans. Methods The clinical data of patients with valvular disease who received surgical treatment in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from August 28, 2020 to February 3, 2021 were prospectively collected. According to the standard deviation of normal-to-normal R-R intervals (SDNN) of the heart rate variability (HRV) of the long-range dynamic electrocardiogram (ECG) 7 days before the operation, the patients were divided into three groups: a sympathetic dominant (SE) group (SDNN≤50 ms), a balance group (50 ms<SDNN<100 ms) and a parasympathetic dominant (PSE) group (SDNN≥100 ms). The correlation between the changes of echocardiographic indexes and autonomic nerve excitation among the groups and the predictive values were analyzed. Results A total of 186 patients were enrolled, including 108 males and 78 females aged 55.92±11.99 years. There were 26 patients in the SE group, 104 patients in the balance group, and 56 patients in the PSE group. The left anteroposterior diameter (LAD), left ventricular end diastolic inner diameter, ratio of peak E to peak A of mitral valve (Em/Am), left ventricular end diastolic volume, left ventricular end systolic volume and SPAP in the SE group were higher than those in the balance group (P<0.05), while peak A of tricuspid valve (At) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were lower than those in the balance group (P<0.05). The LAD and Em/Am in the balance group were significantly higher than those in the PSE group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that patients in the SE group had lower At (right atrial systolic function declines), lower LVEF and higher SPAP than those in the balance group (P=0.04, 0.04 and 0.00). When HRV increased and parasympathetic nerve was excited in patients with valvular disease, Em/Am decreased (left atrial function and/or left ventricular diastolic function declined) with a normal LAD. Pearson analysis showed that there was a linear negative correlation between SPAP and SDNN, with a coefficient of −0.348, indicating that the higher SPAP, the lower HRV and the more excited sympathetic nerve. Receiver operating characteristic curve showed that when SPAP≥45.50 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa), the sensitivity and specificity of sympathetic excitation in patients with valvular disease were 84.60% and 63.70%, respectively. Conclusion Parasympathetic excitation is an early manifestation of the disease, often accompanied by decreased left atrial function and/or left ventricular diastolic function. Sympathetic nerve excitation can be accompanied by the increase of SPAP and the decrease of left ventricular and right atrial systolic function. SPAP has a unique predictive value for the prediction of autonomic nerve excitation in patients with valvular disease.

Identification of Original Plants of Lycii Cortex by Multiplex Allele-specific PCR / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo identify Lycium chinense and L. barbarum as the original plants of Lycii Cortex simply and efficiently by multiple allele-specific polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. MethodThe chloroplast genome sequences of L. chinense and L. barbarum were downloaded from the Chloroplast Genome Information Resource （CGIR）， and then IdenDSS was employed to screen out the specific single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） sites between the two plants. Primer 5.0 was used to design the specific primers， including primers GQ-F/R for identifying L. chinense and primers NX-F/R for identifying L. barbarum. Furthermore， the primer concentration ratio， annealing temperature， cycles， and Taq enzyme were optimized to establish the optimal PCR system and conditions for plant identification. Finally， the applicability of the established method was examined with the plant samples collected from different regions. ResultThe PCR with GQ-F/R∶NX-F/R concentration ratio of 2∶1 at the annealing temperature at 59 ℃ and for 30 cycles showed specific bands at 183 bp and 295 bp， respectively， for L. chinense and L. barbarum samples from different regions. ConclusionThe established PCR approach can simply， rapidly， and efficiently identify the original plants of Lycii Cortex， serving as a new method for the discrimination between L. chinense and L. barbarum. Moreover， the method provides technical support for the research and development of classic famous prescriptions containing Lycii Cortex.

PCR-RFLP for Distinguishing Periplocae Cortex from Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo establish a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP） method for rapid distinguishing Periplocae Cortex from Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex， so as to avoid the influence of genetic confusion on drug safety. MethodThe DSS-tagged sequences of Periplocae Cortex were obtained from the Chloroplast Genome Information Resource （CGIR） and analyzed to find the enzymatic cleavage sites that were different from those of Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex. The specific enzymatic cleavage site， Cla I， of Periplocae Cortex was selected， on the basis of which the primers for PCR-RFLP were designed. Furthermore， the factors such as annealing temperature， number of cycles， Taq enzyme， PCR instruments， and enzymatic treatment time that may influence PCR-RFLP were studied. The established PCR-RFLP method was applied to the identification of Periplocae Cortex， Acanthopanacis Cortex， and Lycii Cortex samples produced in different regions. ResultThe PCR-RFLP at the annealing temperature of 59 ℃ and with 40 cycles showed clear bands of the samples. When the enzyme digestion time was 30 min. The reaction produced the target bands at about 140 bp and 290 bp for both Periplocae Cortex and its original plant and only a band at about 430 bp for Acanthopanacis Cortex， Lycii Cortex， and their original plants. The method can accurately distinguish Periplocae Cortex from its confounders Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex. ConclusionThe PCR-RFLP method for distinguishing Periplocae Cortex from Acanthopanacis Cortex and Lycii Cortex was established. It has high stability， sensitivity， and applicability， providing a reference for the quality control of Periplocae Cortex， Acanthopanacis Cortex， and Lycii Cortex.

Herbal Textual Research on Scutellariae Radix in Famous Classical Formulas / 中国实验方剂学杂志

By reviewing ancient materia medica， prescription books， medical books and modern literature， this article makes a systematic textual research on the name， origin， commercial specification， producing area， harvesting and processing of Scutellariae Radix used in famous classical formulas according to the historical development， in order to provide a reference for the development and utilization of famous classical formulas. Scutellariae Radix was first named as Qian， Qin and so on， while Huangqin was used as the official name in ancient literature， as well as many aliases such as Fuchang， Huangwen and Dufu. The main origin of Scutellariae Radix in the past dynasties was Scutellaria baicalensis， and other Scutellaria plants were also used for Scutellariae Radix at different times. The medicinal parts of Scutellariae Radix in all dynasties are roots， since the Northern and Southern dynasties， it has gradually differentiated into Ziqin and Kuqin with different efficacy according to their different growth stages and characteristics， and continued to this day. At present， most of Scutellariae Radix are Ziqin in the market， due to the influence of cultivation cost， index component content requirements and other factors. The production area of Scutellariae Radix recorded in ancient literature was wide and gradually expanded from the Yangtze River basin to the northward. Since modern times， Chengde city of Hebei province has been respected as a geo-authentic area， now S. baicalensis is cultivated in a wide area， spreading over north and northeast China. Scutellariae Radix was mostly used as raw products in the early period， and a variety of processed products appeared in the Ming dynasty. Development continues to this day， Scutellariae Radix mainly includes raw products and wine-processed products. According to the research conclusion， it is suggested that S. baicalensis should be used as Scutellariae Radix in famous classical formulas， and the selection of its commercial specifications and processed products can be comprehensively determined according to the requirements of original prescription and the clinical effect.

Comparison of Effects of Liuzijue Exercise and Conventional Respiratory Training on Patients after Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the feasibility and safety of Liuzijue exercise (LE) for the clinical effect in patients after cardiac surgery.@*METHODS@#Totally 120 patients who underwent cardiac surgery and were admitted to the Cardiothoracic Intensive Care Unit of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital between July and Oclober, 2022 were allocated to the LE group, the conventional respiratory training (CRT) group, and the control group by a random number table at a ratio of 1:1:1; 40 patients in each group. All patients received routine treatment and cardiac rehabilitation. LE group and CRT group respectively performed LE and CRT once a day for 30 min for 7 days. Control group did not receive specialized respiratory training. The forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak inspiratory flow rate, peak expiratory flow rate, maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, modified Barthel index (MBI), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were evaluated before, after 3 and 7 days of intervention. In addition, the postoperative length of hospital stay (LOS) and the adverse events that occurred during the intervention period were compared.@*RESULTS@#A total of 107 patients completed the study, 120 patients were included in the analysis. After 3 days of intervention, the pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, MBI and HAM-A of all 3 groups improved compared with that before the intervention (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the control group, pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength were significantly improved in the CRT and LE groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). MBI and HAM-A were significantly improved in the LE group compared with the control and CRT groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). On the 7th day after intervention, the difference was still statistically significant (P<0.01), and was significantly different from that on the 3rd day (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In addition, on the 7th day of intervention, the pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength in the LE group were significantly improved compared with those in the CRT group (P<0.01). MBI and HAM-A were significantly improved in the CRT group compared with the control group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in postoperative LOS among the 3 groups (P>0.05). No training-related adverse events occurred during the intervention period.@*CONCLUSIONS@#LE is safe and feasible for improving pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, the ability to complete activities of daily living and for relieving anxiety of patients after cardiac surgery (Registration No. ChiCTR2200062964).

Reform of talent training in traditional Chinese medicine characteristic rehabilitation major (Sino-foreign cooperative education) based on the theory of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Sino-foreign cooperative education not only introduces foreign teachers and curriculums, but also brings new teaching concepts, teaching methods, and the training of teachers. With the example of rehabilitation treatment in the national first-class undergraduate specialty construction site of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, this study discusses the talent training mode of Sino-foreign cooperative education from the five aspects of professional system, discipline characteristics, curriculum system, teaching methods, and evaluation methods. The mode of Sino-foreign cooperative education provides a reference for the development of modern rehabilitation higher education.

Application of ALK antibody clone 1A4 in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer with ALK fusion / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose The aim of this study is to explore the application value of ALK(1A4)in ALK fused non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 1 035 NSCLC specimens were collected.The expression of ALK(1A4)and ALK(D5F3)antibodies was detected by immunohistochemical(IHC)staining,and their consistency was analyzed.FISH and next-generation sequencing(NGS)were used to detect ALK positive,and the sensitivity and specificity of ALK in the two groups were evaluated.Results ALK fused NSCLC patients accounted for about 5.4％(56/1 035).The positive rate of ALK(1A4)was 7.2％(75/1 035),and that of ALK(D5F3)was 5.7％(59/1 035).The consistency between them was high,with a Kappa value of 0.874.The consistency of ALK(1A4)and ALK(D5 F3)antibodies with FISH was high,with Kappa values of 0.845 and 0.954,respectively.The consisten-cy of ALK(1A4)and ALK(D5F3)with NGS was also high,with Kappa values of 0.836 and 0.988,respectively.According to the FISH results,the sensitivities of ALK(1A4)and ALK(D5F3)antibodies were 100％and 98.2％,and the specifici-ties were 98.1％and 99.6％,respectively.Conclusion ALK(1A4)antibody has high sensitivity and slightly low specificity,and can be used for clinical screening of ALK fused NSCLC.

Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Hip fracture is considered as the most severe osteoporotic fracture characterized by high disability and mortality in the elderly. Improved surgical techniques and multidisciplinary team play an active role in alleviating prognosis, which places higher demands on perioperative nursing. Dysfunction, complications, and secondary impact of anaesthesia and surgery add more difficulties to clinical nursing. Besides, there still lack clinical practices in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture in China. In this context, led by the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association, the Expert consensus on clinical practice in perioperative nursing for elderly patients with hip fracture ( version 2023) is developed based on the evidence-based medicine. This consensus provides 11 recommendations on elderly patients with hip fracture from aspects of perioperative health education, condition monitoring and inspection, complication risk assessment and prevention, and rehabilitation, in order to provide guiding advices for clinical practice, improve the quality of nursing and ameliorate the prognosis of elderly patients with hip fracture.

Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures (version 2023) / 中华创伤杂志

Hip fractures are among the most common fractures in the elderly, presenting to be a leading cause of disability and mortality. Surgical treatment is currently the main treatment method for hip fractures. The incidence of perioperative malnutrition is increased after hip fractures in the elderly due to the comorbidities, decreased basal metabolic rate, accelerated protein breakdown, weakened anabolism and surgical stress. However, malnutrition not only increases the incidence of postoperative complications, but also leads to increased mortality, indicating an important role of perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. At present, there still lacks scientific guidance and application standards on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for the elderly patients with hip fractures. Therefore, the Orthopedic Nursing Committee of Chinese Nursing Association and the Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate the Expert consensus on perioperative nursing management of nutrition for elderly patients with hip fractures ( version 2023) according to evidence-based medical evidences and their clinical experiences. Fourteen recommendations were made from aspects of nutrition screening, nutrition assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention and nutrition monitoring to provide guidance for perioperative nursing management of nutrition in elderly patients with hip fractures.

BRICS report of 2021: The distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacterial isolates from blood stream infections in China / 中华临床感染病杂志

Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical bacterial isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2021.Methods:The clinical bacterial strains isolated from blood culture from member hospitals of Blood Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System (BRICS) were collected during January 2021 to December 2021. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). WHONET 5.6 was used to analyze data.Results:During the study period, 11 013 bacterial strains were collected from 51 hospitals, of which 2 782 (25.3%) were Gram-positive bacteria and 8 231 (74.7%) were Gram-negative bacteria. The top 10 bacterial species were Escherichia coli (37.6%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%), coagulase-negative Staphylococci (6.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3.6%), Enterococcus faecium (3.6%), Acinetobacter baumannii (2.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (2.7%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.5%) and Klebsiella spp (2.1%). The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus aureus were 25.3% and 76.8%, respectively. No glycopeptide- and daptomycin-resistant Staphylococci was detected; more than 95.0% of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to ceftobiprole. No vancomycin-resistant Enterococci strains were detected. The rates of extended spectrum B-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolated in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis were 49.6%, 25.5% and 39.0%, respectively. The prevalence rates of carbapenem-resistance in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 2.2% and 15.8%, respectively; 7.9% of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae was resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination. Ceftobiprole demonstrated excellent activity against non-ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Aztreonam/avibactam was highly active against carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The prevalence rate of carbapenem-resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii was 60.0%, while polymyxin and tigecycline showed good activity against Acinetobacter baumannii (5.5% and 4.5%). The prevalence of carbapenem-resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 18.9%. Conclusions:The BRICS surveillance results in 2021 shows that the main pathogens of blood stream infection in China are gram-negative bacteria, in which Escherichia coli is the most common. The MRSA incidence shows a further decreasing trend in China and the overall prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci is low. The prevalence of Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is still on a high level, but the trend is downwards.

Relationship between eating out and overweight， obesity， and fatty liver disease in adult residents in a suburban area of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of overweight， obesity and fatty liver disease （FLD） in adult residents in a suburban area of Shanghai， and to explore the relationship between these conditions and eating out of home （EOH）. MethodsAdult residents from Zhongshan Street， Songjiang， Shanghai， were invited to report their frequency of EOH and undergo a physical examination using B-ultrasonography from May to September 2017. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between EOH and conditions of overweight， obesity， and FLD. ResultsAmong the final sample size of 6 608 participants， the prevalence rates of overweight， obesity， and FLD were 41.65%， 14.71% and 38.29%， respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders， logistic analyses revealed that participants with an EOH frequency > once/week had a 1.44-fold higher prevalence of obesity （P=0.006）， a 1.35-fold higher prevalence of overweight/obesity （P=0.005）， and a 1.36-fold higher prevalence of FLD （P=0.008）. ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight， obesity， and FLD is relatively high in Songjiang， Shanghai. EOH may be a risk factor for these diseases， and residents are recommended to reduce the frequency of EOH.