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ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the public health status of escape room-style venues in Yangpu District, Shanghai. MethodsReferring to the hygiene standards and testing methods for public places, an investigation of the current situation and environmental monitoring were conducted in 15 escape room-style venues in Yangpu District, which involved exploring the changes in physical, chemical, and microbial indicators before and after the game. ResultsThe hygiene condition of escape room-style venues in Yangpu District was generally good, with all 19 monitoring indicators not exceeding the indoor standards. The indoor carbon dioxide (CO2) and formaldehyde concentrations increased significantly after the game but did not exceed the standards. ConclusionThe hygiene condition of escape room-style venues in Yangpu District is good. However, potential public health risks were identified in four aspects: site selection and design, length of the game, cross-contamination, and training and management.
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Objective To investigate the influencing factors and establish a model predicting the performance of needle visualization in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of thyroid nodules. Methods This study prospectively included 175 patients who underwent FNA of thyroid nodules in the Department of Ultrasound in China-Japan Friendship Hospital and compared the display of the needle tips in the examination of 199 thyroid nodules before and after the application of needle visualization.We recorded the location,the positional relationship with thyroid capsule,ultrasonic characteristics,and the distribution of the soft tissue strip structure at the puncture site of the nodules with unclear needle tips display before using needle visualization.Furthermore,according to the thyroid imaging reporting and data system proposed by the American College of Radiology,we graded the risk of the nodules.Lasso-Logistic regression was employed to screen out the factors influencing the performance of needle visualization and establish a nomogram for prediction. Results The needle tips were not clearly displayed in the examination of 135 (67.8%) and 53 (26.6%) nodules before and after the application of needle visualization,respectively,which showed a significant difference (P<0.001).Based on the positional relationship between the nodule and capsule,anteroposterior/transverse diameter (A/T) ratio,blood supply,and the distribution of subcutaneous strip structure at the puncture site,a nomogram was established to predict the probability of unclear display of the needle tips after application of needle visualization.The C-index of the prediction model was 0.75 (95%CI=0.67-0.84) and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.72.The calibration curve confirmed the appreciable reliability of the prediction model,with the C-index of 0.70 in internal validation. Conclusions Needle visualization can improve the display of the needle tip in ultrasound-guided FNA of thyroid nodules.The nomogram established based on ultrasound features such as the positional relationship between the nodule and capsule,A/T ratio,blood supply,and the distribution of subcutaneous strip structure at the puncture site can predict whether needle visualization is suitable for the examination of nodules.
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Humans , Thyroid Nodule/diagnostic imaging , Biopsy, Fine-Needle/methods , Reproducibility of Results , Ultrasonography , Retrospective Studies , Thyroid NeoplasmsABSTRACT
Recent years, China has released a series of policies to encourage drug research and development in pediatric populations, aiming to meet pediatric populations' medical needs. Because of the physical and psychological developmental characteristics, tolerance of aversive feelings when taking medications are different between pediatric population and adults. So pediatric populations are at a relatively higher risk of not taking medications as prescribed when the medication tasted unpleasant. Therefore, sound design and evaluation of oral sensory features have important clinical significance and value in developing pediatric medications. "Technical guidance for the design and evaluation of the oral sensory features of pediatric drugs (trial version) " was released in November 2022, by Centre for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration of China. Based on the guidance, this article will introduce the drafting background and review considerations, hoping to provide reference for the design and evaluation of oral sensory features, and promote drug developing in pediatric population.
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Background: Abnormal expression of leptin and brain⁃derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important link in the occurrence of ulcerative colitis (UC), but the mechanism of leptin and BDNF in UC is still unclear. Aims: To explore the effect and mechanism of leptin and BDNF in DSS induced colitis in mice. Methods: Thirty⁃six male 8⁃10 weeks healthy leptin⁃deficient ob mice and leptin⁃normal expressing wild type (WT) mice were selected and randomly divided into WT experimental group, ob experimental group, WT control group and ob control group. The mice in experimental groups were given 3% DSS solution for 7 days to induce colitis model, and the mice in control group were given distilled water. After modeling, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length, behavior and visceral sensitivity were observed. The mRNA expressions of leptin and BDNF in colon and hippocampus were detected by real⁃time fluorescent quantitative PCR, and the protein expression of BDNF in colon was detected by Western blotting. Results: Compared with corresponding control groups, DAI score, visceral sensitivity in WT experimental group and ob experimental group were significantly increased (P< 0.05), mRNA and protein expressions of BDNF in colon were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with WT control group, anxiety and depression⁃like behavior were found in WT experimental group, mRNA expressions of leptin, BDNF in hippocampus were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed that anxiety was positively correlated with length of colon in WT experimental group (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with DAI score (P<0.05); depression, expression of BDNF mRNA in colon were negatively correlated with length of colon (P<0.05), and positively correlated with DAI score (P<0.05); leptin in hippocampus was positively correlated with anxiety (P<0.05), while was negatively correlated with depression (P<0.05); expression of BDNF mRNA in colon was negatively correlated visceral sensitivity (P<0.05). Conclusions: Colonic BDNF secretion is associated with leptin expression, and both may be involved in the DSS⁃induced colitis in mice by mediating anxiety, depression and visceral sensitivity.
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OBJECTIVE To study the tocolysis effects of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides on threatened abortion model rats and their impacts on Th1/Th2 balance by regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. METHODS Pregnant rats were randomly grouped into the control group, model group, A. sinensis polysaccharide group (200 mg/kg), PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibitor LY294002 group (5 mg/kg), and A. sinensis polysaccharide+LY294002 group (200 mg/kg A. sinensis polysaccharide+5 mg/kg LY294002), with 10 rats in each group. Except for the control group, rats in all other groups were given mifepristone (8.3 mg/kg) and misoprostol (100 μg/kg) intragastrically to establish a threatened abortion model, and intragastric or intraperitoneal injection of corresponding drugs. The serum levels of estrogen, progesterone, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in each group of rats were detected, and the uterine ovarian index and embryonic mortality rate of rats in each group were measured; the morphology of uterine tissue in rats was observed in each group; Th1/Th2 balance in peripheral blood of rats as well as the expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-related proteins in the uterine tissues of rats in each group were detected. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the uterine tissue of rats in the model group showed pathological damage; the serum levels of estrogen, progesterone and IL-4, uterine ovarian index, peripheral blood Th2 cell ratio, and the ratios of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K)/PI3K and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT)/AKT in uterine tissue were all decreased (P<0.05); the embryo mortality rate, Th1 cell ratio, Th1/Th2 ratio, and serum levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were increased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the pathological damage of uterine tissue in the A. sinensis polysaccharide group was reduced, and the above indexes were all improved significantly (P<0.05); LY294002 could weaken the effect of A. sinensis polysaccharide on model rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS A. sinensis polysaccharides can improve Th1/Th2 imbalance in threatened abortion model rats by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting immune inflammation, and promoting embryo survival.
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Clinical application of doxorubicin (DOX) is heavily hindered by DOX cardiotoxicity. Several theories were postulated for DOX cardiotoxicity including DNA damage and DNA damage response (DDR), although the mechanism(s) involved remains to be elucidated. This study evaluated the potential role of TBC domain family member 15 (TBC1D15) in DOX cardiotoxicity. Tamoxifen-induced cardiac-specific Tbc1d15 knockout (Tbc1d15CKO) or Tbc1d15 knockin (Tbc1d15CKI) male mice were challenged with a single dose of DOX prior to cardiac assessment 1 week or 4 weeks following DOX challenge. Adenoviruses encoding TBC1D15 or containing shRNA targeting Tbc1d15 were used for Tbc1d15 overexpression or knockdown in isolated primary mouse cardiomyocytes. Our results revealed that DOX evoked upregulation of TBC1D15 with compromised myocardial function and overt mortality, the effects of which were ameliorated and accentuated by Tbc1d15 deletion and Tbc1d15 overexpression, respectively. DOX overtly evoked apoptotic cell death, the effect of which was alleviated and exacerbated by Tbc1d15 knockout and overexpression, respectively. Meanwhile, DOX provoked mitochondrial membrane potential collapse, oxidative stress and DNA damage, the effects of which were mitigated and exacerbated by Tbc1d15 knockdown and overexpression, respectively. Further scrutiny revealed that TBC1D15 fostered cytosolic accumulation of the cardinal DDR element DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation denoted an interaction between TBC1D15 and DNA-PKcs at the segment 594-624 of TBC1D15. Moreover, overexpression of TBC1D15 mutant (∆594-624, deletion of segment 594-624) failed to elicit accentuation of DOX-induced cytosolic retention of DNA-PKcs, DNA damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis by TBC1D15 wild type. However, Tbc1d15 deletion ameliorated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte contractile anomalies, apoptosis, mitochondrial anomalies, DNA damage and cytosolic DNA-PKcs accumulation, which were canceled off by DNA-PKcs inhibition or ATM activation. Taken together, our findings denoted a pivotal role for TBC1D15 in DOX-induced DNA damage, mitochondrial injury, and apoptosis possibly through binding with DNA-PKcs and thus gate-keeping its cytosolic retention, a route to accentuation of cardiac contractile dysfunction in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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The dental operative microscope has been widely employed in the field of dentistry, particularly in endodontics and operative dentistry, resulting in significant advancements in the effectiveness of root canal therapy, endodontic surgery, and dental restoration. However, the improper use of this microscope continues to be common in clinical settings, primarily due to operators' insufficient understanding and proficiency in both the features and established operating procedures of this equipment. In October 2019, Professor Jingping Liang, Vice Chairman of the Society of Cariology and Endodontology, Chinese Stomatological Association, organized a consensus meeting with Chinese experts in endodontics and operative dentistry. The objective of this meeting was to establish a standard operation procedure for the dental operative microscope. Subsequently, a consensus was reached and officially issued. Over the span of about four years, the content of this consensus has been further developed and improved through practical experience.
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Humans , Dentistry, Operative , Consensus , Endodontics , Root Canal Therapy , Dental CareABSTRACT
By comparing the training status of clinical research methods between United States and China, this article introduces comprehensive training system in the United States in and after the university, and discusses the problems in clinical research methodology training in China. These issues include that when medical students at school do not receive the training of professional clinical research courses, and after they go to the work, they also lack professional and accurate clinical research methodology training, which make it difficult for doctors to independently conduct clinical research. Therefore, it is recommended that Chinese medical schools should systematically establish clinical research methodology courses for undergraduates and graduate students to cultivate the clinical research capabilities of medical students. Secondly, according to the clinical research levels of doctors, different training models are proposed in the study. The existing social resources should be scientifically guided. We hope our work would provide some references for the improvement of clinical research methodology in China, to promote clinicians to be independently responsible for conducting clinical research, and improve the national medical level.
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OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect between Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy and simple psychotherapy on anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal.@*METHODS@#A total of 78 patients were randomized into an observation group (39 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and a control group (39 cases, 1 case dropped off). Psychotherapy was given in the control group. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, Tiaoshen acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Shenting (GV 24), Benshen (GB 13), Neiguan (PC 6) and Shenmen (HT 7) in the observation group. The treatment was given once a day, 6 days were as one course and totally 4 courses were required in both groups. The scores of Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), quality of life for drug addicts (QOL-DA) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) before and after treatment were observed in both groups.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the various scores and the total scores of HAMA, QOL-DA and PSQI were decreased compared before treatment in both groups (P<0.05), and the scores of somatic anxiety factor, the psychic anxiety factor and the total score of HAMA, each various score and the total score of QOL-DA as well as the scores of sleep quality, time to fall asleep, sleep time, daytime dysfunction and the total score of PSQI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Tiaoshen acupuncture combined with psychotherapy can relieve the anxiety in patients with anxiety after methamphetamine withdrawal, improve the quality of life and sleep, the therapeutic effect is superior to the simple psychotherapy.
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Humans , Acupuncture Points , Acupuncture Therapy , Anxiety/therapy , Methamphetamine/adverse effects , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Objective:To demonstrate the clinical effect of latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap with primary closure in V-Y suture in the repair of major lesions in the anterior chest wall that was left after mastectomies with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) surgery.Methods:From September 2018 to February 2021, the technique was employed on 14 female cancer patients who had LABC surgery in the Department of Breast Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. The patients received radical mastectomies with major resection of cutaneous tegument. The defect areas in chest wall were 15.0 cm×15.0 cm-22.0 cm×35.0 cm. The sizes of flap were 12.0 cm×28.0 cm-18.0 cm×35.0 cm. The sizes of musculocutaneous flap were 12.0 cm×28.0 cm×2.0 cm~18.0 cm×35.0 cm×3.5 cm. All patients were entered the postoperative follow-up through out-patient clinic and telephone interviews.Results:The flap provided an efficient coverage in closing the defects among all 14 patients. Three patients presented small areas (1.0-3.0 cm) of superficial necrosis in Y-cross area of the flap. None of the patient had back swelling. The average operation time was 6.3 hours. Postoperative follow-up varied from 4 to 41 months(18 months in average). The colour, texture, elasticity of the flaps were acceptable, with good shapes. Function of upper limbs was normal in 13 cases without lymphedema, except 1 who had lymphedema of affected limb at 3 years after surgery. Eleven cases had radiotherapy after surgery with good tolerance. None of the cases had local recurrence of breast cancer. Five cases had metastasis, 3 cases died of metastasis.Conclusion:The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap with primary closure in V-Y suture is easy to perform and an reliable and efficient technique in repairing large defects in the anterior chest wall left after a LABC surgery.
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Nogo protein is the fourth member of reticulin famity. Nogo mRNA produced by encoding gene transcription, forms three different RNA transcripts due to different promoter and splicing modes, namely Nogo-A, Nogo-B and Nogo-C protein. Nogo protein was first found in the central nervous system, and then proved to be widely expressed in peripheral tissues such as heart, liver and vascular endothelium. Studies have shown that Nogo protein can participate in the regulation of myocardial fibrosis through RhoA/Rho-associated kinase(ROCK) pathway, endoplasmic reticulum stress, Sce61 a and other signaling pathways. In this paper, the relationship between Nogo-A, Nogo-B, Nogo-C and myocardial fibrosis is briefly introduced.
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Background: Patients with dyspepsia are the major group of outpatient department of gastroenterology. Dyspeptic symptoms are closely related to anxiety and/or depression. However, the relationship of anxiety and/or depression to dyspeptic symptoms in outpatients undergoing gastroscopy is still unclear. Aims: To investigate the incidence of anxiety and/or depression in outpatients undergoing gastroscopy and its correlation with the severity of dyspepsia. Methods: Outpatients underwent gastroscopy from November 2021 to December 2021 at West China Hospital, Sichuan University were recruited. Generalized anxiety disorder-7 (GAD-7), patient health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate anxiety and depression, respectively. Rome diagnostic questionnaire for functional gastrointestinal disorders, severity of dyspepsia assessment questionnaire, visceral sensitivity index were used to evaluate dyspepsia. The correlation of anxiety and/or depression with dyspepsia was analyzed. Results: A total of 458 questionnaires were collected effectively, including 146 (31.9%) patients with anxiety and/or depression. Compared with the non-anxiety and depression group, the number of gastroscopy in the anxiety and/or depression group was significantly higher (P<0.05). Compared with the non-anxiety and depression group, the incidences of extremely mild/mild dyspepsia, moderate/severe epigastric fullness, postprandial fullness, epigastric pain and belching were significantly increased in the anxiety and/or depression group (P<0.05). Anxiety and/or depression was significantly correlated with the severity of dyspepsia and visceral sensitivity (r=0.421, r=0.143; P< 0.05). Conclusions: Anxiety and/or depression is common in outpatients undergoing gastroscopy; anxiety and/or depression may lead to repeated endoscopic examinations; anxiety and/or depression is significantly correlated with dyspepsia and visceral sensitivity.
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Objective:To assess possible risk factors and their respective levels in the whole process of investigator initiated trial(IIT)projects proposed in the proposal stage, for reference in formulation of risk management plans.Methods:Through literature analysis and research group discussions, the risk factors of IIT projects and risk level assessment criteria were preliminarily identified, and a consultation questionnaire was developed as a result. Delphi method was used to further optimize the risk factors and determine their risk levels. Data obtained from the consulfation were analysied by descriptive.Results:The recovery rates of two rounds of expert consultation were both 100%, and the degree of expert authority was 0.942. The survey finalized 38 risk factors, including extremely high risk, high risk, medium risk, low risk and very low risk factors of 17(44.7%), 15(39.5%), 3(7.9%), 2(5.3%) and 1(2.6%) respectively.Conclusions:This study determined a risk evaluation system of IIT projects in the proposal stage. This system can identify risks of IIT projects at an early stage, facilitating early intervention of problems existing in such projects, and minimize risks to the rights and safety of patients.
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As a member of the reticulin family, Nogo is mainly involved in processes such as tissue regeneration, apoptosis and tumor growth after tissue injury. Cardiovascular disease is one of the main diseases that threaten human health at present. In recent years, research on Nogo in the cardiovascular system has become increasingly extensive. Changes in the expression of Nogo during myocardial fibrosis, myocardial cell apoptosis and vascular remodeling suggest that it may play a certain role. This article reviews the distribution of Nogo in the heart and its role in cardiovascular disease, in order to reveal its possible role and mechanism in cardiovascular diseases.
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Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction in treating stress urinary incontinence (SUI) of perimenopausal women due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. Method:One hundred and six patients were randomly divided into a control group (52 cases) and an observation group(54 cases). Patients in both groups received lifestyle intervention and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT). On this basis, patients in the observation group were further treated with the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction, 1 bag/day, while those in the control group were provided with Suoquan pills, 6 g/time, 2 times/day, for eight weeks. Following the international consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICIQ-SF) scoring before and after treatment, the urodynamic parameters such as maximum urinary flow rate (Q<sub>max</sub>), maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP), residual urine volume (RUV), abdominal pressure leakage point pressure (ALPP), and bladder capacity (BC) were measured. The number of incontinence episodes per 24 h, the degree of urinary incontinence, the amount of 1 h urine leakage, and the spleen and kidney Qi deficiency syndrome score were recorded before and after treatment. The levels of estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP), and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were measured before and after treatment. Result:The ICIQ-SF sub-scores of the urinary incontinence frequency, severity, and impact on quality of life as well as the total score in the observation group were all lower than those in the control group (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Q<sub>max</sub>, MUCP, ALPP and BC in the observation group were elevated in contrast to those in control group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), while the RUV declined (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the control group, the observation group exhibited a decreased number of incontinence episodes per 24 h, milder degree of urinary incontinence, reduced amount of 1 h urine leakage, and lower spleen and kidney Qi deficiency syndrome score (<italic>P</italic><0.01). The E<sub>2</sub>, PACAP, and VIP in the observation group were up-regulated as compared with those in the control group (<italic>P</italic><0.01), whereas the FSH was down-regulated (<italic>P</italic><0.01). The cure and effective rates of the observation group were (29/50) 58.00% and (47/50)94.00%, respectively, significantly better than (18/48)37.50% and (38/48)79.17% of the control group (<italic>χ</italic><sup>2</sup>=4.124, <italic>χ</italic><sup>2</sup>=4.683, <italic>P</italic><0.05). Conclusion:On the basis of the lifestyle intervention and PFMT, the modified Buzhong Yiqitang combined with Erxian decoction obviously alleviates urinary incontinence, adjusts sex hormones, PACAP and VIP, ameliorates urodynamic parameters, and enhances the quality of life of patients with SUI due to spleen and kidney Qi deficiency. The resulting cure and effective rates are superior to those of the positive control.
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Objective@#To understand the prevalence of overweight and obesity, dietary habits and main food intake frequency among primary school students in Shenyang, so as to provide a reference for exploring the effect of diet related factors on the development of overweight and obesity in children.@*Methods@#A total of 2 041 students from two primary schools in a certain district of Shenyang were selected by convenience sampling in May 2017, with height and weight measured, meanwhile the questionnaire survey regarding dietary habits and the frequency of main food intake were administered.@*Results@#The rates of overweight and obesity were 18.4% and 22.1% respectively, and the rate of overweight and obesity in boys (21.0%,27.8%) were significantly higher than that in girls (15.8%,16.2%)(χ 2=22.45,53.40,P<0.01). The results of univariate analysis showed that frequency of eating breakfast, eating speed, appetite, picky eaters or not, and the frequency of fruit, seafood and canned food intake were associated with overweight and obesity in primary school students (χ 2=7.67,97.92,229.70,95.88,6.40,6.58,7.96,P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that slow eating speed (OR=0.46, 95%CI=0.29-0.69) and normal eating speed (OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.32-0.69) were associated with lower rates of overweight and obesity; good appetite (OR=43.73, 95%CI=5.88-325.36) was associated with higher rates of overweight and obesity in primary school students (P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of overweight and obesity is relatively high among primary school students in Shenyang, and the rate of obesity is already higher than that of overweight; The frequency of common food intake has little impact on the development of overweight and obesity in primary school students, but fast eating speed and good appetite are the risks of overweight and obesity among them.
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Radiotherapy is one of the effective methods for the treatment of head and neck tumors, especially nasopharyngeal carcinoma, but the adverse reactions caused by radiotherapy are common. Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma have a high incidence rate of dysphagia after radiotherapy. This article reviews the research progress of intervention strategies for dysphagia after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, aiming to improve the prognosis of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) eyedrops for the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye disease (DED).Methods:A total of 395 patients (790 eyes) with moderate to severe DED diagnosed and treated in the Armed Police Liaoning Corps Hospital and the PLA 967 Hospital from March 2018 to October 2019 were collected. Random number table method was used to divide into autologous PRP treatment group (196 cases, 392 eyes) treated with autologous PRP and control group (199 cases, 398 eyes) treated with artificial tears. The changes of subjective symptoms of DED, Schirmer test (ST), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) before and after treatment were observed in both groups.Results:After 1 course of treatment, the ST values of both groups increased, which was statistically significant compared with before treatment ( P<0.05). After treatment, the OSDI and CFS scores of the two groups were reduced. The difference in OSDI and CFS scores of the PRP treatment group before and after treatment was statistically significant ( P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in the control group before and after treatment ( P>0.05). After treatment, the OSDI and CFS scores of the PRP treatment group were lower than those of the control group [(16.8 ± 18.7) scores vs. (43.2 ± 14.5) scores, (0.21 ± 0.53) scores vs. (1.62 ± 0.69) scores], the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After one course of treatment, the total effective rate of the autologous PRP treatment group was higher than that of the control group [80.1% (157/196) vs. 51.76% (103/196)], the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Autologous PRP can treat patients with moderate-to-severe autologous PRP treatment group, which can greatly improve patients' eye discomfort and other symptoms.
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Objective:Sirtuins family is involved in the regulation of many biological events in the cells of the body. As one of the important members, SIRT1 may participate in the formation and development of colorectal cancer. We detected the expression of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa to explore its role and significance in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.Methods:One hundred and twenty surgical specimens of patients from Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University who were hospitalized for colorectal cancer from January 2018 to July 2018 were selected as experimental group. The normal mucosa tissues more than 10 cm away from the tumor focus were taken as the control group. The expression of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer and normal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry SP method and Western blot. The different expression of SIRT1 in different organs of digestive tract and parts of human system was compared with Expression Atlas Database. The relationship between SIRT1 expression and clinical pathological data was analyzed to explore the role and significance of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer.Results:SIRT1 protein was mainly expressed in the tumor cell nucleus. The positive staining was brownish yellow, and it was highly expressed in rectal cancer; Sirt1 expression was positively correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, differentiation and tumor size, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); SIRT1 was highly expressed in human digestive tract, but there was no significant difference in the expression of SIRT1 in various organs of digestive tract; Sirt1 may function through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Conclusions:SIRT1 plays the role of oncogene in the development of colorectal cancer, and increasing expression of SIRT1 promotes the development of colorectal cancer. SIRT1 may be a marker of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, which is of great significance.
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Objective:To investigation of efficacy and safety of Ticagrelor vs.Clopidogrel as add-on to a common therapy of Aspirin in elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI)and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Methods:A total of 208 elderly patients with STEMI and receiving PCI were divided into the Ticagrelor group(n=103, receiving Ticagrelor 180 mg, followed by 90 mg twice a day)and the Clopidogrel group(n=105, receiving Clopidogrel 600 mg, followed by 75 mg/d)as add-on to a common therapy of Aspirin(300 mg before operation, followed by 100 mg/d). Both groups were treated for 12 months.Coronary artery blood flow, platelet aggregation rate, left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD), bleeding events and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)after PCI were compared between the two groups.Results:The TIMI(thrombolysis in myocardial infarction)grading after PCI was better in the Ticagrelor group than in the Clopidogrel group( Z=2.58, P=0.010). The incidence of no-reflow or slow blood flow was lower in the Ticagrelor group than in the Clopidogrel group(6.8% or 7/103 vs. 19.1% or 20/105, χ2=6.91, P=0.009). The variance analysis of repeated data showed that the platelet aggregation rate was decreased along with time in both groups( Ftime=87.54, P<0.001). The decrement of platelet aggregation rate was higher in the Ticagrelor group than in the Clopidogrel group( Ftime×group=6.16, P<0.001). The overall level of platelet aggregation was lower in the Ticagrelor group than in the Clopidogrel group( Fgroup=17.84, P<0.001). The platelet aggregation rates at 1 hour, 1 day and 3 days after operation were lower in the Ticagrelor group than in the Clopidogrel group( t=14.39, 13.19 and 6.53, respectively, P<0.001). LVEF was increased in both groups after PCI( t=7.46 and 4.33, all P<0.001), while LVEF was higher in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group( t=4.28, P<0.001). LVEDD was decreased in both groups after PCI( t=9.36 and 6.47, all P<0.001), while LVEDD was lower in the ticagrelor group than in the clopidogrel group( t=4.38, P<0.001). There were no significant differences in the incidences of hemorrhage and MACE between the two groups( χ2=0.91 and 2.32, all P>0.05). Conclusions:Ticagrelor has good anti-platelet aggregation effect in the treatment of STEMI after PCI in the elderly, and it reduces the incidences of no-or slow reflow, improves cardiac function.