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1.
Rev. Headache Med. (Online) ; 15(1): 38-40, 2024. Ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1538167

ABSTRACT

Cervical artery dissections (CAD) can occur spontaneously or as a direct result of significant trauma. Viral infections, such as SARS-CoV2, influenza, and Epstein Barr, are risk factors for spontaneous CAD. Dengue virus infections have dramatically increased in recent decades, and Brazil is one of the endemic areas. The dengue virus can cause headache and neurological complications such as encephalitis, myelitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and myositis. No report has yet been found in the literature of dissection of the internal carotid artery secondary to dengue infection. Our objective is to report the case of a patient with dissection of the internal carotid artery associated with acute dengue virus infection.


As dissecções da artéria cervical (DAC) podem ocorrer espontaneamente ou como resultado direto de trauma significativo. Infecções virais, como SARS-CoV2, influenza e Epstein Barr, são fatores de risco para DAC espontânea. As infecções pelo vírus da dengue aumentaram dramaticamente nas últimas décadas, e o Brasil é uma das áreas endêmicas. O vírus da dengue pode causar dor de cabeça e complicações neurológicas como encefalite, mielite, síndrome de Guillain-Barré e miosite. Ainda não foi encontrado na literatura nenhum relato de dissecção da artéria carótida interna secundária à infecção por dengue. Nosso objetivo é relatar o caso de um paciente com dissecção da artéria carótida interna associada à infecção aguda pelo vírus da dengue.


Subject(s)
Humans , Virus Diseases/epidemiology , Dengue Virus/immunology , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/classification , Dengue/diagnosis , Dissection/methods
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 151(10): 1281-1287, oct. 2023. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1565657

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las disecciones de arterias cervicales (DAC) son la primera causa de accidente cerebrovascular isquémico (ACVi) en personas jóvenes. Los factores asociados (FA) de ACVi y la relación temporal con la DAC no están bien caracterizados. Tampoco disponemos de una clasificación clínico-radio-lógica que permita conocer el riesgo de ACVi. OBJETIVO: Describir frecuencia y FA y temporalidad de los ACVi en pacientes con DAC. MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo de pacientes mayores de 18 años hospitalizados por una DAC carotidea y/o vertebral entre agosto de 2009 y junio de 2017. Las DAC se diagnosticaron clínico-radiológicamente y los ACVi con imagen con infarto. Se utilizo la Clasificación de Borgess para caracterizar radiológicamente las DAC. Se utilizaron análisis de regresión logística uni y multivariable para evaluar las características clínico-radiológicas y los FA. RESULTADOS: 163 pacientes con 182 DAC (60% vertebrales y 40% carotídeas). 73 pacientes (44,8%) tuvieron un ACVi 28 de 68 pacientes (41,2%) tuvieron simultáneamente síntomas de disección y de isquemia. 60 de 68 pacientes (88%) presentan síntomas de isquemia durante la primera semana. FR significativamente asociados a ACVi: Borgess tipo IB (p = 0,001; OR: 4,1; IC: 1,8-9,3), sexo masculino (p < 0,001; OR: 0,2; IC: 0,06-0,8) y anticonceptivos orales (p = 0,02; OR: 0,2; IC: 0,06-0,8). CONCLUSIÓN: Ocurre aproximadamente en la mitad de los pacientes, en su mayoría dentro de la primera semana, no es la forma habitual de presentación inicial y no se relaciona con el tipo de arteria disecada. El principal FA para desarrollar un ACVi fue la oclusión arterial (Borgess tipo IB).


INTRODUCTION: Cervical artery dissections (CAD) are the leading cause of ischemic stroke (CVA) in young people. The risk factors for stroke and the temporal relationship with CAD are not well characterized. Nor do we have a clinical-radiological classification that allows knowing the risk of stroke. OBJECTIVE: To describe the associated factors and temporality of ACVi in patients with CAD. METHODS: We performed a prospective study that included patients over 18 years of age, hospitalized for carotid and/or vertebral CAD between August 2009 and June 2017. CAD cases were diagnosed clinically and radiologically; ACVi was diagnosed when the imaging study demonstrated infarction. The Borgess Classification was used to characterize the CAD radiologically. For correlation studies, we used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: We analyzed 163 patients with 182 CAD (60% vertebral and 40% carotid). 28 of 68 patients (41.2%) simultaneously had symptoms of dissection and ischemia. 60 of 68 patients (88%) presented symptoms of ischemia during the first week. CAD: Borgess type IB (p = 0.001; OR: 4.1; CI: 1.8-9.3), male (p < 0.001; OR: 0.2; CI: 0.06- 0.8) were significantly associated with ischemic strokes and oral contraceptives (p = 0.02; OR: 0.2; CI: 0.06-0.8). CONCLUSION: Stroke associated with CAD has a relatively low frequency. It is not related to the type of dissected artery. It mainly occurs not simultaneously with CAD and within the first week. The main associated factor for developing a stroke is arterial occlusion (Borgess type IB).1,8-9,3), male sex (p < 0.001; OR: 0.2; CI: 0.06-0.8) and oral contraceptives (p = 0.02; OR: 0.2; CI: 0.06-0.8).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Cerebral Infarction/etiology , Cerebral Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/complications , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/diagnostic imaging , Vertebral Artery Dissection/complications , Vertebral Artery Dissection/diagnostic imaging , Time Factors , Sex Factors , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors
3.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 42(4): 343-347, 2023.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1571010

ABSTRACT

Traumatic carotid artery dissection (TCAD) usually occurs after a direct cervical trauma or blunt trauma that causes hyperextension and excessive rotation of the neck. The most frequent presentation of TCAD is stroke, with 80% of patients developing a stroke in the first week after the trauma. Recent data indicate that symptoms start later in non-survivors (19.5 hours after trauma) compared with survivors (12.5 hours). In this case report, a young boy, 14 years-old, developed TCAD after he fell from his bike. He developed ischemic stroke symptomatology in the eighth day of hospitalization, with full recovery of symtoms after acetylsalicylic acid (AAS) administration. The use of antithrombotic medication is recommended, aiming for better neurological outcomes and prevention of stroke in TCAD patients, as highlighted by our case. However, the treatment recommendations are based on observational studies and expert opinion, owing to the lack of concrete data on the treatment of carotid artery blunt trauma. New studies and data are required to improve diagnosis and treatment of TCAD.


A dissecção traumática da artéria carótida (TCAD) geralmente ocorre após um trauma cervical direto ou contuso que gera hiperextensão e rotação excessiva do pescoço. A apresentação mais frequente da TCAD é o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), com 80% dos pacientes desenvolvendo um AVC na primeira semana após o trauma. Dados recentes indicam que os sintomas começam mais tardiamente nos não sobreviventes (19,5 horas após o trauma) do que nos sobreviventes (12,5 horas). Apresentamos o caso de um jovem de 14 anos que sofreu TCAD após cair da bicicleta. Ele desenvolveu sintomatologia de AVC isquêmico no oitavo dia de internação, com recuperação completa dos sintomas após administração de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS). O uso de medicação antitrombótica é recomendada, visando melhores resultados neurológicos e prevenção do AVC em pacientes com TCAD, como destacado em nosso caso. No entanto, as recomendações de tratamento são baseadas em estudos observacionais e opinião de especialistas, devido à falta de dados concretos sobre o tratamento do trauma contuso da artéria carótida. Novos estudos e dados são necessários para melhorar o diagnóstico e tratamento do TCAD.

4.
Rev. Bras. Neurol. (Online) ; 58(4): 34-40, out.-dez. 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1417028

ABSTRACT

The 'carotid sinus' is an arterial dilatation placed usually at the beginning of the internal carotid artery. The medial wall of this dilatation appears modified, with a reduction of the media, and an increase of the adventitia, besides containing nervous terminations, forming thus a sensorial structure. This dilatation was possibly first observed by John Bell (1808), and clearly described and named by Cruveilhier (1834). However, many authors credited the initial finding to Burns (1811), followed by a number of researchers, as Luschka (1862), Manson (1866), Meyer (1876), Schäfer (1878), most with a view related to aneurysm formation, but some seeing the formation as a normal trait. Finally, Binswanger (1879) reaffirmed that the dilatation meant a normal feature of the region, based on his own observations, and on the opinion of some forerunners. Besides, he was the first to classify this dilatation regarding the variability of its localization. The thinning of this region was initially identified by Meyer (1876) and detailed by Binswanger (1879), at bare eye visual inspection and on microscopic examination, observing there an important reduction of the width of the tunica media. Despite Meyer's effort, and mostly Binswanger's, the microscopic findings are incipient, what can be explained by the limitations of the histological techniques at the time. However, there is no doubt that Binswanger and his forerunners provided important information for the upcoming research, comprising the structure, innervation, and function of this formation.


O 'seio carotídeo' é uma dilatação arterial situada geralmente no início da artéria carótida interna. A parede medial dessa dilatação apresenta-se modificada, com redução da média e aumento da adventícia, além de conter terminações nervosas, constituindo assim uma estrutura sensorial. Essa dilatação foi possivelmente observada primeiro por John Bell (1808) e claramente descrita e denominada por Cruveilhier (1834). Entretanto, muitos autores creditam o achado inicial a Burns (1811), seguido por numerosos pesquisadores, como Luschka (1862), Manson (1866), Meyer (1876), Schäfer (1878), a maioria com olhar relacionada à formação de aneurisma, mas alguns vendo a formação como uma característica normal. Finalmente, Binswanger (1879) reafirmou que a dilatação representava um aspecto normal da região, baseado em observações próprias e na opinião de alguns de seus antecessores. Além disso, foi o primeiro a classificar essa dilatação quanto a variabilidade de sua localização. O adelgaçamento dessa região foi identificado inicialmente por Meyer (1876) e detalhado por Binswanger (1879), à inspeção visual a olho nu e ao exame microscópico, observando lá uma importante redução da espessura da túnica média. Apesar do esforço de Meyer e sobretudo de Binswanger, os achados microscópicos são incipientes, o que pode ser explicado pelas limitações das técnicas histológicas daquele tempo. Todavia, não há dúvida que Binswanger e seus precursores proveram importante informação para as pesquisas que se sucederam, compreendendo a estrutura, inervação e função dessa formação.

5.
J. vasc. bras ; 21: e20210193, 2022. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1394425

ABSTRACT

Resumo Diversas manobras já foram descritas para o acesso ao segmento distal cervical da artéria carótida interna ou à bifurcação carotídea alta; entretanto, há divergências na sistematização dessas técnicas. O objetivo deste estudo é revisar as técnicas descritas e propor um protocolo prático que auxilie na seleção da técnica mais adequada para cada caso. Para isso, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed Central, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde e SciELO por artigos sobre o tema, em língua inglesa ou portuguesa, publicados entre os anos de 1980 e 2021. Entre as manobras descritas, parece razoável que as duas etapas iniciais sejam a abordagem ao músculo esternocleidomastóideo, seguida pela secção/retração do ventre posterior do músculo digástrico. Caso necessário, a subluxação mandibular temporária unilateral é um recurso adicional e preferível à divisão do aparato estiloide, devido ao menor potencial de morbidade. Exposições ainda mais amplas podem ser obtidas com as osteotomias mandibulares.


Abstract Several different maneuvers have been described for obtaining access to the distal cervical segment of the internal carotid artery or to a high carotid bifurcation. However there are different approaches to systematization of these techniques. The objective of this study is to review the techniques described and propose a practical protocol to support selection of the most appropriate technique for each case. The review is based on the results of database searches on PubMed Central, the Virtual Health Library (BVSalud), and SciELO for articles on the subject published in English or Portuguese from 1980 to 2021. Among the different maneuvers described, it appears reasonable that the first two steps should be to obtain access at the sternocleidomastoid muscle, followed by section or retraction of the digastric muscle posterior belly. If needed, temporary unilateral mandibular subluxation is an additional resource that is preferable to division of the styloid apparatus process, because of its lesser potential for morbidity. Even wider exposure can be obtained using mandibular osteotomies.


Subject(s)
Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Temporomandibular Joint/surgery , Carotid Artery, Internal/anatomy & histology , Mandibular Osteotomy/methods
6.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 81: e0065, 2022. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407669

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Os aneurismas intracranianos são dilatações em segmentos arteriais que irrigam o sistema nervoso central. Acometem 2% da população e as alterações oftalmológicas podem ser as primeiras manifestações do quadro. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever um caso de aneurisma de artéria carótida interna que cursou com restrição da movimentação ocular, alteração do reflexo fotomotor, ptose palpebral, dor facial e cervical. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela identificação do aneurisma por meio do exame de angiografia cerebral. Foi realizado teste de oclusão por balão, cujo resultado positivo possibilitou a oclusão total da artéria carótida interna por meio de ligadura cirúrgica, procedimento este realizado com sucesso.


ABSTRACT Intracranial aneurysms are dilations in segments of the arteries that irrigate the central nervous system. They affect 2% of the population and the ophthalmologic disorders may be the first evidence in the clinical examination. The aim of the report is to describe a case of an internal carotid artery aneurysm that showed restrictions of ocular movements, change of pupillary light reflex, palpebral ptosis, facial, and cervical pain. This diagnosis was confirmed by the identification of the aneurysm through angiography. A balloon occlusion test was performed, and its positive result made a complete occlusion of the Internal Carotid Artery possible through surgery ligation, procedure that was successful.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Blepharoptosis/etiology , Carotid Artery Diseases/complications , Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology , Intracranial Aneurysm/complications , Ophthalmoplegia/etiology , Facial Pain/etiology , Cerebral Angiography , Carotid Artery Diseases/surgery , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Neck Pain/etiology , Balloon Occlusion
7.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1353484

ABSTRACT

RESUMO: Introdução: A dissecção da artéria carótida (DAC) tem como uma das principais repercussões o Acidente Vascular Cerebral isquêmico (AVCi) em indivíduos jovens previamente saudáveis. É comum que nas DAC traumáticas, como em acidentes automobilísticos, o paciente seja submetido à investigação mais complexa com exames de imagem. Estes permitem um diagnóstico precoce e, portanto, um tratamento, reduzindo as chances de sequelas. Todavia, cau-sas não traumáticas com desfecho de DAC já foram relatadas, como as causas odontológicas. Objetivo: Contribuir para valorização diagnóstica da DAC não traumática e profilaxia de AVC subsequente. Métodos: Relatamos um caso de dissecção não aneurismática das artérias carótidas internas (ACI) pós-procedimento odontológico com desfecho de AVC bilateral em paciente de 52 anos. Resultados: Devido à forte associação de DAC a fatores traumáticos, em um primeiro contato com a paciente não foram levantadas suspeitas da ocorrência de DAC nem de AVC (ausência de déficit focal). Porém, tardiamente, foi identificada oclusão da ACI à esquerda e estenose na ACI direita, resultando em dois AVCs e incapacidade funcional severa na alta. Conclusão: O diagnóstico da DAC é um desafio, em especial por tratar-se de uma lesão de etiologia multifatorial. No entanto, seu reconhecimento precoce afetará diretamente o desfecho do paciente. Portanto, na presença de eventuais sintomas de alerta, faz-se necessário um meticuloso ques-tionamento sobre as últimas atividades do indivíduo. Este estudo alerta para a adoção de condutas profiláticas na ocorrência de fatores causais como hiperextensão cervical prolongada ou movimentos súbitos da cervical. (AU)


ABSTRACT: Introduction: Carotid artery dissection (CAD) has the ischemic stroke as one of the main repercussions in pre-viously healthy young individuals. It is common that in traumatic CAD, as in automobile accidents, the patient is subjected to a more complex investigation with imaging exams. These, allow an early diagnosis and, therefore, a treatment, reducing the chances of sequelae. However, non-traumatic causes with CAD outcomes have already been reported, such as dental causes. Objective: To contribute to the diagnostic valuation of non-traumatic CAD and subsequent stroke prophylaxis. Methods: We report a case of non-aneurysmatic dissection of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) after a dental procedure with evolution to bilateral stroke outcome in a 52-year-old patient. Results: Due to the strong association of CAD with traumatic factors, in a first contact with the patient there was no suspicion of CAD or stroke (absence of focal deficit). However, late, ICA occlusion on the left and stenosis on the right ICA were identified, resulting in two strokes and severe functional disability at discharge. Conclusion:The diagnosis of CAD is a challenge, especially since it is a multifactorial lesion. However, its early recognition will directly affect the patient's outcome. Therefore, in the presence of any warning symptoms, meticulous questioning about the individual's latest activities is necessary. This study alerts to the adoption of prophylactic conducts in the occurrence of causal factors such as prolonged cervical hyperextension or sudden movements of the cervical. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection , Stroke , Dental Implantation , Ischemic Stroke
8.
Rev. cuba. oftalmol ; 34(1): e907, 2021. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1289537

ABSTRACT

El diagnóstico temprano de las lesiones compresivas del nervio óptico adquiere cada vez mayor importancia. La descompresión precoz de este o del quiasma puede resultar una mejora significativa de la función visual, mientras que el diagnóstico erróneo puede ocasionar pérdida visual irreversible, disfunción neurológica o la muerte. Las causas de la compresión de la vía visual anterior son increíblemente variadas. Los meningiomas, los tumores hipofisarios y los aneurismas son las lesiones comúnmente más identificadas como causa de neuropatía óptica compresiva sin edema del disco. Presentamos una paciente femenina de 50 años de edad, quien se sometió a la cirugía de catarata congénita del ojo izquierdo, sin mejoría de la función visual, a lo que se sumó el empeoramiento inespecífico de la calidad visual. La psicofísica visual, la campimetría automatizada y la tomografía de coherencia óptica aportaron hallazgos sugestivos de compresión de la vía visual intracraneal. Se indicó imagen por resonancia magnética de cráneo y órbitas para confirmar la sospecha diagnóstica. La angiografía cerebral demostró la presencia de un aneurisma de la arteria carótida interna, que se trató por vía endovascular con resultados satisfactorios(AU)


The importance of early diagnosis of compressive lesions of the optic nerve is on the increase. Timely decompression of the optic nerve or the optic chiasm may bring about significant visual function improvement, whereas erroneous diagnosis may result in irreversible visual loss, neurological dysfunction or death. The causes of compression of the anterior visual pathway are incredibly varied. Meningiomas, pituitary tumors and aneurysms are the lesions most commonly identified as causes of compressive optic neuropathy without disc edema. A case is presented of a female 50-year-old patient undergoing congenital cataract surgery of her left eye without visual function improvement, alongside unspecific visual quality worsening. Visual psychophysical testing, automated campimetry and optical coherence tomography contributed findings suggestive of intracranial visual pathway compression. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits was indicated to confirm the diagnostic suspicion. Cerebral angiography revealed the presence of an internal carotid artery aneurysm which was treated by endovascular procedure with satisfactory results(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence/adverse effects , Early Diagnosis , Endovascular Procedures/methods , Visual Field Tests/methods
9.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 20-26, feb. 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388783

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: Entre el 50% al 80% de los pacientes con un ictus, presentan lesión de la arteria carótida común o interna, de estos un 15% a 30% quedan con discapacidad severa, y el 20% requiere de institucionalización. Objetivo: Analizar las variables epidemiológicas involucradas en la estenosis carotídea y los resultados a mediano-largo plazo de la endarterectomía carotídea. Materiales y Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo, donde se analizan 103 endarterectomías carotídeas sucesivas, realizadas en 97 pacientes, en un período de 12 años (2007 a 2018), en el Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Dr. Eduardo Pereira de Valparaíso, Chile. Resultados: Sexo masculino 64,9%, edad promedio 70,2 años, sintomáticos 65,9%, presentación clínica más frecuente el ataque isquémico transitorio (48,4%), morbilidad global inmediata del procedimiento 20,3%, AVE perioperarorio 3,9% (ninguno discapacitante), disfunción de nervios periféricos 5,8%, mortalidad operatoria 70% y cuando se efectúa en un plazo menor a 2 semanas del evento isquémico. Conclusión: La endarterectomía carotídea sigue siendo el procedimiento quirúrgico de elección para tratar la estenosis carotídea severa; realizada en centros con experiencia, es un procedimiento seguro y eficaz en la prevención del infarto cerebral.


Introduction: Between 50 and 80% of patients with a stroke, have lesions of the common or internal carotid artery, of these 15 to 30% are severely disabled, and 20% require institutionalization. Aim: To analyze the epidemiological variables involved in carotid stenosis, and the medium to long-term results of carotid endarterectomy. Materials and Method: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study, analyzed 103 successive carotid endarterectomies procedures in 97 patients, in a period of 12 years (2007 to 2018), in the Surgery Department of the Dr. Eduardo Pereira Hospital, Valparaíso, Chile. Results: Male sex 64.9%, average age 70.2 years, symptomatic 65.9%, most frequent clinical presentation, transient ischemic attack (48.4%), immediate global morbidity of the procedure 20.3%, peri-operative AVE 3.9% (none disabling), peripheral nerve dysfunction 5.8%, operative mortality 70%, and when performed within a period less than 2 weeks of the ischemic event. Conclusion: Carotid endarterectomy remains the surgical procedure of choice, to treat severe carotid stenosis, performed in experienced centers, it is a safe and effective procedure in the prevention of cerebral ischemia.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carotid Artery Diseases/surgery , Endarterectomy, Carotid/adverse effects , Perioperative Care/methods , Carotid Artery Diseases/epidemiology , Follow-Up Studies , Endarterectomy, Carotid/methods , Endarterectomy, Carotid/trends
10.
Rev. Soc. Colomb. Oftalmol ; 54(1): 52-57, 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1451263

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las lesiones de estructuras en vecindad al quiasma y los nervios ópticos en su porción intracraneana pueden alterar la vía visual y generar algunas pérdidas del campo visual. Resumen del caso: Se presenta un reporte de caso de una lesión vascular en el sifón carotídeo que fue encontrada y estudiada por una alteración en el campo visual dentro del estudio por sospecha de glaucoma. Conclusiones: La evaluación integral y detallada permite hacer un diagnóstico correcto, evitando errores que pueden generar alta morbilidad y mortalidad


Introduction: Pathologic lesions in every structure surrounding optic chiasm and intracranial optic nerves have the potential to harm the visual pathway and cause a possible disturbance in the visual field. Case summary: We report a case of a carotid aneurism discovered and studied in the context of an anomaly in the visual field in a patient being studied as a glaucoma suspect. Conclusions: An integral and detailed evaluation guides to a certain diagnosis, avoiding errors that might cause high morbidity and mortality


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged
12.
Rev. cuba. angiol. cir. vasc ; 18(2): 0-0, jul.-dic. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-844819

ABSTRACT

Los aneurismas de arteria carótida interna son una entidad infrecuente pero de gran importancia por sus potenciales complicaciones, como embolización, ruptura, compresión estructuras adyacentes y otras. Su también rara asociación con bucle o lazo de 360º de la arteria carótida interna a dicho nivel, aumenta el riesgo de accidentes cerebrovasculares, y por tanto necesario su tratamiento específico. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 71 años con bucle sintomático y aneurisma sacular de arteria carótida interna sometidos a tratamiento quirúrgico. Se realizó disección y resección del aneurisma y del bucle carotideo con anastomosis término-terminal de la arteria carótida interna. No hubo complicaciones. Fue dada de alta con antiagregación oral y a los tres años de evolución se mantiene asintomática(AU)


The internal carotid artery aneurysms are an infrequent condition of great importance because of their potential complications such as embolization, rupture, and compression of adjacent structures and others. The rare association of aneurysms with the 360º loop of the internal carotid artery at that level increases the risk of strokes and therefore, their specific treatment is required. This is a 71 years-old female patient who presented with symptomatic loop and secular aneurysm in the internal carotid artery, which had been operated on. Dissection and resection of the carotid aneurysm and loop was made using termino-terminal anastomosis of the internal carotid artery. There were no complications. She was discharged from hospital with an oral anti-aggregate treatment and after three years, she remains asymptomatic(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Aneurysm/surgery , Aneurysm/complications
13.
Rev. méd. hered ; 28(4): 247-253, oct.-dic. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: biblio-991436

ABSTRACT

Se presentan 4 casos de aneurismas o pseudoaneurismas de la arteria carótida interna extracraneal. A diferencia de la estenosis carotídea, esta patología es poco frecuente; por lo que las recomendaciones en cuanto al diagnóstico y tratamiento no son uniformes y aun están en discusión, representando así un reto para los médicos de la especialidad. Cada uno de los casos descritos fue tratado de forma particular a las características de anatomía, forma de presentación y riesgos de cada paciente. Los casos fueron de sexo masculino y con un rango etario desde 24 años hasta 77 años de edad. Dos de ellos fueron tratados de forma quirúrgica convencional y dos de forma endovascular. Se presenta las opciones de tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular en nuestro medio en una enfermedad en la que se tiene experiencia limitada en la mayoría de centros médicos a nivel mundial. (AU)


We present 4 cases of extracranial internal carotid aneurisms or pseudo aneurisms. Opposite to carotid stenosis, this entity is rare, and recommendations for its diagnosis and treatment are not standardized and subject to controversy. Each of the cases presented here were treated differently. All cases were males ranging in age from 24 to 77 years of age; 2 were treated using conventional surgical methods and the remaining two using an endovascular approach. We present here the surgical options for a rare entity with limited worldwide experience. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Aged , Carotid Artery, Internal , Aneurysm , Aneurysm/surgery
14.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992, Impr.) ; 63(5): 397-400, May 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896348

ABSTRACT

Summary Carotid dissection is a rare occurrence but it is the main cause of stroke in individuals aged less than 45 years, and can be the etiology in up to 25% of strokes in young adults. We report a case with classic image of ying yang on vascular ultrasound, which was treated according to the best available medical evidence, yielding a favorable outcome.


Resumo A dissecção de carótida é entidade rara, mas é a principal causa de acidentes vasculares cerebrais isquêmicos em menores de 45 anos e pode ser a etiologia de até 25% dos acidentes vasculares cerebrais em adultos jovens. Apresenta-se um caso com imagem clássica de ying yang à ultrassonografia vascular, que foi tratado de acordo com as melhores evidências médicas disponíveis e apresentou boa evolução.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Angiography/methods , Fluoroscopy/methods , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/complications , Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection/drug therapy , Stroke/etiology , Middle Aged
15.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 74(5): 396-404, May 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-782025

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the intercarotid distance (ICD) of patients with pituitary macroadenoma and compare to heatlhy controls. Method We retrospectively reviewed contrast-enhanced MRI images from twenty consecutive patients diagnosed with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma, measured the ICD at two different levels (petrous segment – ICD1 and horizontal cavernous segment – ICD2) and compared to twenty paired controls. Results There was no statistically significant difference of the mean ICD1 between the groups and subgroups. For the ICD2 there was statistically significant difference between the case and controls. However, there was no significant difference between the patients with smaller adenomas and the controls. In contrast, the patients with giant adenomas showed statistically significantly higher ICD2 than the controls. Conclusion The ICD at the horizontal segment of the cavernous carotid tends to be wider in patients with giant pituitary adenomas than in healthy individuals or patients with smaller adenomas.


RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a distância intercarotídea (DIC) de pacientes com macroadenoma de hipófise e comparar com controles saudáveis. Método Foram analisados retrospectivamente imagens de ressonância magnética com contraste de vinte pacientes consecutivos com diagnóstico de macroadenoma hipofisário não-funcionante, medidas as DIC em dois níveis diferentes (segmento petroso – DIC1 e segmento cavernoso horizontal – DIC2) e comparados com vinte controles pareados. Resultados Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa da DIC1 média entre os grupos e subgrupos. Para a DIC2 houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os casos e controles. No entanto, não houve diferença significativa entre os doentes com adenomas menores e os controles. Entretanto, os pacientes com adenomas gigantes tiveram estatisticamente significativamente DIC2 que os controlos. Conclusão A DIC no segmento horizontal da carótida cavernoso, tende a ser mais larga em doentes com adenomas hipofisários gigantes do que em indivíduos saudáveis ou de pacientes com adenomas menores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Adenoma/diagnostic imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/pathology , Sphenoid Sinus/pathology , Sphenoid Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Carotid Artery, Internal/pathology , Adenoma/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Cavernous Sinus/pathology , Cavernous Sinus/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies
16.
Arq. bras. neurocir ; 34(3): 215-219, ago. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-2362

ABSTRACT

Aneurysm of the cervical internal carotid artery is a rare condition, which can trigger severe neurologic complications. The authors report a case of a female patient of 54 years, presenting as a progressive dysphonia, which revealed it to be an aneurysmof the extracranial portion of the internal carotid artery. Endovascular treatment was used.


Aneurisma da artéria carótida interna cervical é uma patologia infrequente, podendo desencadear severas complicações neurológicas. Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente feminina de 54 anos, apresentando-se por disfonia progressiva, que revelou tratar-se de um aneurisma da porção extracraniana da artéria carótida interna, tendo sido empregado o tratamento endovascular.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery, Internal , Dysphonia , Aneurysm , Endovascular Procedures
17.
Acta neurol. colomb ; 31(1): 49-53, ene.-mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-757223

ABSTRACT

Bases: los principales síntomas del compromiso de la arteria carótida interna son la amaurosis fugax y aquellos que se deben a un compromiso de las arterias cerebral media y anterior. Métodos: se trata de un hombre de 79 años diabético e hipertenso que se presentó con un cuadro que sugería un compromiso de la arteria cerebral media izquierda. Se documentó una obstrucción aguda de la arteria carótida interna izquierda, con infartos del territorio de la arteria coroidea anterior y la cerebral posterior del mismo lado; en el estudio se halló una fuente cardioembólica. Conclusión: si bien la obstrucción aguda de la arteria carótida interna se asocia sobre todo a síntomas visuales y de compromiso de la circulación anterior, se puede relacionar también con infartos de la arteria cerebral posterior.


Background: the main symptoms of a compromise to the internal carotid artery are monocular blindness and those which are secondary to the lesion of the medial cerebral and anterior cerebral arteries. Methods: a 79 year old male patient, with past medical history of diabetes and high blood pressure and clinical symptoms of compromise to the left medial cerebral artery. The patient shows an acute occlusion of the left internal carotid artery with arterial infarcts in the choroidal anterior and cerebral posterior territories in the same side of the carotid lesion. The cardioembolic source of the infarct was documented. Conclusion: Although acute obstruction of the internal carotid artery is mostly associated with visual symptoms and engagement of the anterior circulation, it may also be associated with infarcts of the posterior cerebral artery.


Subject(s)
Prognosis , Carotid Artery, Internal , Cerebral Infarction , Posterior Cerebral Artery , Stroke , Anatomy
18.
J. vasc. bras ; 13(4): 336-339, Oct-Dec/2014. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-736012

ABSTRACT

Agenesis of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is defined as a congenital absence of the carotid canal and occurs in less than 0.01% of the population. This anomaly is usually diagnosed as an incidental finding or after a cerebrovascular event. We present the case of a 36-year-old woman, with bilateral agenesis of the ICA who had suffered a subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ruptured aneurysm of the basilar artery. Therefore, agenesis of the ICA is a condition that, although rare, should be considered since there is a risk of coexistence with other life-threatening conditions such as aneurysms.


Agenesia da artéria carótida interna (ACI) é definida como uma ausência congênita do canal carotídeo e ocorre em menos de 0,01% da população. O diagnóstico dessa anomalia ocorre geralmente como um achado incidental ou depois de um evento cerebrovascular. Apresentamos o caso de uma mulher de 36 anos, hipertensa e tabagista, com agenesia bilateral de ACI, que abriu quadro com hemorragia subaracnoide decorrente de rotura de aneurisma de artéria de basilar. A agenesia da ACI é, portanto, uma condição que, embora rara, deve ser lembrada por estar associada a outras más formações potencialmente fatais, como os aneurismas cerebrais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Basilar Artery , Carotid Artery Diseases , Carotid Artery, Internal/abnormalities , Aneurysm, Ruptured , Rupture, Spontaneous , Subarachnoid Hemorrhage , Carotid Artery, Internal/anatomy & histology , Intracranial Aneurysm , Stroke
19.
Brasília méd ; 50(3)maio - 10 - 2014. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-702930

ABSTRACT

O objetivo é relatar um caso de acidente vascular encefálico isquêmico provocado por dissecção não traumática da artéria carótida interna em uma paciente jovem. Dissecções espontâneas de carótida interna e de artéria vertebral ocasionam aproximadamente 25% dos acidentes vasculares encefálicos isquêmicos em indivíduos com idade inferior a 45 anos. Confirmou-se o diagnóstico dessa entidade com imagens de ressonância magnética e angiotomografia cerebral. Seu tratamento incluiu anticoagulantes, fonoterapia e fisioterapia. Com melhora clínica, recebeu alta para controle ambulatorial, orientada sobre os riscos de anticoncepcionais orais. Relatos de caso podem aumentar o índice desuspeita dessa condição pouco diagnosticada.


The objective of this work is to report a case of ischemic brain stroke due to non-traumatic dissection of the internal carotid artery in a young patient.Spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid and of the vertebral artery cause nearly 25% of all ischemic strokes in individuals younger than 45 years of age. Imaging studies obtained from magnetic resonance and angiotomography of the brain confirmed the diagnosis. Treatment involved anticoagulation drugs, phonotherapy and physiotherapy. Based on herclinical improvement, she was discharged from the hospital and is now receiving outpatient care and has been advised about the risks of oral contraceptives. Case reports may raise the suspicion index about thisunderdiagnosed condition.

20.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 545-549, out.-dez. 2013. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-703125

ABSTRACT

A estenose aórtica supravalvar é uma rara cardiopatia congênita, bastante incomum em adultos. Apresentamos um caso de estenose aórtica supravalvar em adulto com anomalia de vasos do arco aórtico, já com presença de insuficiência aórtica importante, tratado com êxito por meio de plastia da aorta ascendente e troca valvar aórtica.


The supravalvular aortic stenosis is a rare congenital heart defect being very uncommon in adults. We present a case of supravalvular aortic stenosis in adult associated with anomalies of the aortic arch vessels and aortic regurgitation, which was submitted to aortic valve replacement and arterioplasty of the ascending aorta with a good postoperative course.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Aorta, Thoracic/surgery , Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular/surgery , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery , Aorta, Thoracic/pathology , Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular/pathology , Aortic Valve Insufficiency/pathology , Brachiocephalic Trunk/pathology , Brachiocephalic Trunk/surgery , Coronary Angiography , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Subclavian Artery/pathology , Subclavian Artery/surgery , Treatment Outcome
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