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Introduction: Child health is conditioned by the circumstances of pregnancy, childbirth, and early life. Objective: To describe the maternal and neonatal characteristics of live births (LBs) in the Information System on Live Births of Santa Catarina (SC), Brazil. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study describedthe maternal and neonatal characteristics of 940,059 LBs, from 2010 to 2019. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were conducted, with a statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean values of maternal age, number of live children, and number of fetal deaths as well as abortions were 27.1 years, 0.9, and 0.2, respectively. The averages of the number of gestation weeks, number of prenatal consultations, the start date of the prenatal care, and birth weight were 38.5 weeks, 8.1 months, 2.5 monthsand 3,217.1 grams, respectively. Low birth weight (LBW) was prevalent among mothers without education (p < 0.001), including those without prenatal visits (p < 0.001). A higher prevalence of being underweight was observed among female neonates (p < 0.001) and with a maternal age of ≥ 40 years (10.8%; p < 0.001) compared to newborns with good vitality. Newborns with good vitality had a low prevalence of underweight (p < 0.001). The frequency of the variables studied increased, comparing the beginning and end of the period and whether the differences are statistically significant. Conclusions: The study draws attention to the need for interventions to improve the indicators that determine LBW(AU)
Introducción: La salud infantil está condicionada por las circunstancias del embarazo, parto y primeras etapas de la vida. Objetivo: Describir las características maternas y neonatales de los nacidos vivos en el Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivos de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal describiendo las características maternas y neonatales de 940.059 nacidos vivos entre 2010 y 2019. Se realizó la prueba de chi cuadrado de Pearson y exacta de Fisher y se estableció p < 0,05. Resultados: Los valores medios para la edad materna, el número de nacidos vivos y el número de mortinatos y abortos espontáneos fueron 27,1, 0,9 y 0,2, respectivamente. Las medias del número de semanas de gestación, el número de visitas prenatales, la fecha de inicio de la atención prenatal y el peso al nacer fueron 38,5 semanas (DE 2,2), 8,1 meses, 2,5 meses y 3 217,1 gramos, respectivamente. El bajo peso al nacer (BPN) fue prevalente entre las madres sin estudios (p < 0,001), incluidas las que no acudieron a una cita prenatal (p < 0,001). Hubo una mayor prevalencia de BPN en neonatos de sexo femenino (p < 0,001) con madres de edad ≥ 40 años (10,8%; p < 0,001). Los neonatos con buena vitalidad tuvieron una baja prevalencia de BPN (p < 0,001). La frecuencia de las variables estudiadas aumentó al comparar el inicio y el final del período y si las diferencias son estadísticamente significativas. Conclusiones: El estudio llama la atención sobre la necesidad de intervenciones para mejorar los indicadores que determinan el BPN(AU)
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Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Child Health , Maternal Age , Live Birth , Child Health ServicesABSTRACT
La anomalía de Ebstein es una cardiopatía congénita rara y poco frecuente caracterizada por el adosamiento de los velos valvulares tricuspídeos; en la etapa prenatal se estima que su incidencia corresponde a un 3% de todas las cardiopatías diagnosticadas. Se presenta el caso de un feto con diagnóstico de anomalía de Ebstein a quien se le realizó un diagnóstico prenatal adecuado, lo que permitió planificar el nacimiento neonatal con un equipo multidisciplinario integral. Debido a la rareza del diagnóstico prenatal de esta entidad, se describe el caso clínico y los hallazgos imagenológicos representativos.
Ebsteins anomaly is a rare and infrequent congenital heart disease characterized by the attachment of the tricuspid valve leaflets; in the prenatal stage it is estimated that its incidence corresponds to 3% of all diagnosed heart diseases. We present the case of a fetus diagnosed with Ebsteins anomaly who underwent an adequate prenatal diagnosis, which made it possible to plan the neonatal birth with a comprehensive multidisciplinary team. Due to the rarity of the prenatal diagnosis of this entity, the clinical case and the representative imaging findings are described.
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Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adolescent , Echocardiography , Ebstein Anomaly/diagnostic imaging , Pregnancy Outcome , Ultrasonography, Prenatal , Watchful WaitingABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii and Bifidobacterium triple live bacteria in the treatment of pediatric diarrhea. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CBM， Wanfang data， CNKI and VIP， randomized controlled trials （RCTs） about S. boulardii （S. boulardii group） versus Bifidobacterium triple liver bacteria （Bifidobacterium group） were collected. After screening the literature， extracting data and evaluating the quality， meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS A total of 9 RCTs were included， involving 898 patients. Results of meta-analysis showed there was no statistical significance in total response rate [OR＝1.69， 95%CI （0.93， 3.09）， P＝0.09]， duration of diarrhea [MD＝－1.39， 95%CI （－3.35， 0.57）， P＝0.16]， the time of abdominal pain disappearance [MD＝0.09， 95%CI（－0.87， 1.05），P＝0.86] or the incidence of adverse reactions [OR＝0.65， 95%CI （0.05， 8.03）， P＝0.74]. The number of stools in S. boulardii group was significantly less than Bifidobacterium group [MD＝－0.91， 95%CI （－1.80， －0.02）， P＝0.04]. The results of subgroup analysis showed that the duration of diarrhea in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in S. boulardii group was significantly shorter than Bifidobacterium group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and safety of S. boulardii are similar to those of Bifidobacterium in the treatment of diarrhea， but S. boulardii is better than Bifidobacterium in terms of stool number， the duration of diarrhea in children with antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
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ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of modified Yigongsan combined with multi-enzyme tablets and bifidobacterium triple live powder on infantile anorexia with spleen-stomach Qi deficiency syndrome. MethodA total of 112 infantile patients anorexia with spleen-stomach Qi deficiency syndrome treated at Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2022 to June 2023 were enrolled and divided into a control group and an observation group， with 56 cases in each group， according to a random number table. Children in the control group were treated with multi-enzyme tablets and Bifidobacterium triple live powder， while those in the observation group were treated with modified Yigongsan in addition to the treatment in the control group. During the study， one case dropped out in the control group and two cases dropped out in the observation group. The clinical efficacy of the two groups of children was compared， including changes in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores （main symptoms， secondary symptoms， tongue， and pulse）， time to restore normal food intake， and increase in body weight. Changes in calcium， iron， zinc levels， hemoglobin， and albumin levels before and after treatment， as well as changes in gastrointestinal hormones such as gastrin and motilin， vasoactive intestinal peptide， somatostatin， neuropeptide Y， orexin， and leptin， were observed. The occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups of children during the study was also recorded. ResultThe total effective rate of children in the control group after treatment was 85.19% （46/54）， while that in the observation group was 98.15% （53/54） （χ2 =5.939， P<0.05）. Compared with the control group， the time for food intake to return to normal in the observation group was shorter， and the increase in body weight was greater （P<0.05）. Compared with the results before treatment， the TCM syndrome scores （main symptoms， secondary symptoms， tongue， and pulse） in both groups of children significantly decreased， while the levels of calcium， iron， zinc， hemoglobin， albumin， gastrin， motilin， neuropeptide Y， and orexin increased， and the levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide， somatostatin， and leptin decreased （P< 0.01）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the improvement in the above indicators in the observation group was more significant （P<0.01）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the two groups of children during the treatment period was similar， and the difference was not statistically significant. ConclusionModified Yigongsan combined with multi-enzyme tablets and Bifidobacterium triple live powder is highly effective in treating infantile anorexia （spleen-stomach Qi deficiency syndrome）. After treatment， symptoms of the children were improved，appetite and food intake increased， gastrointestinal function was improved， body weight increased， and adverse reactions were few， indicating that the treatment was safe and reliable.
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Purpose To explore the clinical and pathologi-cal features and the relationships between pathological features and drugs of patients with drug-induced liver injury(DILI)based on the hepatotoxicity injury patterns.Methods The clin-ical data,laboratory indicators,drugs,and liver biopsy of 50 cases of DILI were collected,the expression of CK19 was detec-ted by immunohistochemistry EnVision two-step method,and the reticular scaffold of liver tissue was displayed by Reticular fiber staining.Results Among the 50 patients with DILI,there were 29 cases of hepatocellular DILI,11 cases of cholestatic DILI,and 10 cases of mixed DILI,respectively,with the hepatocellu-lar DILI accounting for the highest proportion(58％).7 catego-ries of drugs induced DILI,with herbal ranking first(52％).Different types of drugs could cause different types of DILI,with herbal induced 17 cases hepatocellular DILI(58.62％)and an-ti-infectious and anticancer drugs induced all 3 cases cholestatic DILI(27.27％).Different types of DILI displayed various pathological characteristics.Hepatocellular congestion,feathery degeneration,and small bile duct thrombosis primarily occur in cholestasis and mixed DILI,while bridging necrosis,sub-large and large necrosis were mainly seen in hepatocellular DILI.Conclusion Based on hepatotoxicity injury patterns,DILI ex-hibits a variety of clinical and pathological characteristics,and there is some relationship between pathological characteristics and drugs.Liver puncture pathological biopsy plays an important role in improving the diagnosis and treatment of DILI.
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Objective:To analyse the clinical significance of selective single embryo transfer by time-lapse mo-nitoring(TLM)or conventional morphology assessment(CMA)in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm in-jection and embryo transfer(IVF/ICSI-ET),and to initially explore the predictive value of Raman spectral analy-sis of embryo culture medium for clinical pregnancy rate.Methods:The study is a prospective randomized con-trolled clinical trial.We assigned 139 patients treated with IVF/ICSI-ET in Reproductive and Genetics Center of Suzhou Municipal Hospital from April 2019 to July 2020,which were randomly assigned to either the CMA or the TLM group.We performed selective single-embryo transfer(fresh cycle and FET)after selecting the optimal em-bryos with TLM or CMA respectively.If the patient's first embryo transfer was unsuccessful,a second one would be performed to compare the differences in the cumulative live birth rate of embryo transfer and other pregnancy outcomes between the two groups.Meanwhile,we collected 15 μl of embryo culture medium at day 3 after IVF/ISCI fertilization for Raman spectroscopy analysis.Results:There were no differences in cumulative live birth,cu-mulative clinical pregnancy,cumulative premature birth,cumulative early spontaneous abortion,cumulative ectopic pregnancy and LGA or SGA between TLM and CMA groups(P＞0.05).The Neonatal sex ratio in the TLM group was lower than that in the CMA group,but the difference was not significant(P＞0.05).Raman spectros-copy analysis of embryo culture medium predicted the clinical pregnancy rate with 67.21％accuracy.Conclu-sions:In young women with a good ovarian reserve,the advantage of using TLM to evaluate embryos is not obvi-ous,so we should remain vigilant that embryo selection based on morphokinetic parameters may affect the sex ratio.Raman spectroscopic analysis of embryo culture medium is not yet able to effectively predict the planting ability of embryos.
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BACKGROUND:Unexplained infertility is associated with a higher abortion rate and lower fertilization rate,implantation rate,clinical pregnancy rate and cumulative live birth rate.It is urgent to establish a clinical prediction model related to infertility of unknown cause to solve the problems of clinical prognosis and individualized medical services,and finally achieve the purpose of increasing the cumulative live birth rate of patients with infertility of unknown cause. OBJECTIVE:To construct and verify the prediction model of high-quality blastocyst formation in patients with unexplained infertility during in vitro fertilization. METHODS:A total of 419 patients with unknown infertility who underwent in vitro fertilization in the Assisted Reproduction Department of Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from March 2017 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,including 317 patients with high-quality blastocysts and 102 patients without high-quality blastocysts.A prediction model was established and used as the model group.The model group was sampled 1 000 times by the Bootstrap method as the validation group.Firstly,the univariate analysis was used to screen the influencing factors of high-quality blastocyst formation of unknown infertility,and the best matching factors were selected by the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)algorithm.Multiple factors were included in the progressive Logistic regression to find out the independent influencing factors and draw a column graph.Finally,the subject working curve,calibration curve,clinical decision curve and clinical impact curve were used to verify the differentiation and accuracy of the prediction model as well as the clinical application efficiency. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Univariate analysis of the factors influencing the formation of high-quality blastocyst of unknown infertility were age,insemination method,antimullerian hormone level,basal follicle-stimulating hormone level,basal luteinizing hormone level,human chorionic gonadotropin injection day follicle-stimulating hormone level,human chorionic gonadotropin day estradiol level,progesterone level on human chorionic gonadotropin day,the number of high-quality cleavage embryo(day 3)and the number of blastocyst formation(P<0.05).(2)The best matching factors further screened by LASSO regression were age,insemination method,antimullerian hormone level,basal luteinizing hormone level,human chorionic gonadotropin injection day follicle-stimulating hormone level,human chorionic gonadotropin day estradiol level,the number of high-quality cleavage embryo(day 3)and the number of blastocyst formation(P<0.05).Multifactor stepwise Logistic regression results showed that independent influencing factors on the formation of high-quality blastocysts for unexplained infertility were age,insemination method,antimullerian hormone level,the number of high-quality cleavage embryo(day 3),and the number of blastocyst formation.(3)Receiver operating characteristic curve exhibited that the area under the curve was 0.880(0.834,0.926)in the model group and 0.889(0.859,0.918)in the validation group.It showed that the prediction model had good differentiation.The average absolute error of the calibration curve was 0.036,indicating that the model had good accuracy.The Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed that there was no statistical difference between the prediction probability of blastocyst formation and the actual probability of blastocyst formation(P>0.05).The clinical decision curve and clinical impact curve showed that the model group and the validation group had the maximum clinical net benefit when the threshold probability value was(0.16-0.96)and(0.08-0.93),respectively,and had better clinical application efficacy within the threshold probability range.These findings concluded that age,insemination method,antimullerian hormone,the number of high-quality cleavage embryos(day 3),and the number of blastocyst formation were independent factors influencing the formation of the fine blastocyst in patients with unexplained infertility.The clinical prediction model constructed by these factors has good clinical prediction value and clinical application efficiency and can provide a basis for clinical prognosis and intervention as well as the formulation of individual medical programs.
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Objective:To study the clinical effect of combined capsules of live Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus assisted triple therapy in chronic gastritis children with Helicobacter pylori ( Hp) positive. Methods:The clinical data of 80 chronic gastritis children with Hp positive from January 2019 to March 2022 in Wuxi Children′s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 40 children (combination group) were treated with combined capsules of live Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus combined with triple therapy (omeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin), 40 children (control group) were treated with triple therapy, and all children were treated for 4 weeks. The efficacy, Hp clearance rate (performed 13C breath test after 4 weeks of discontinuation) and symptom improvement (the scores of upper abdomen pain, anorexia and sour regurgitation) were compared between two groups. The feces before treatment and after treatment were collected, and the intestinal flora was detected, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium/ Enterobacteria; the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) before treatment and 14 d after treatment were detected; the adverse reactions (vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness and erythra) were detected. Results:The total effective rate and Hp clearance rate in combination group were significantly higher than those in control group: 95.00% (38/40) vs. 80.00% (32/40) and 92.50% (37/40) vs. 75.00% (30/40), and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The scores of upper abdomen pain, anorexia and sour regurgitation after treatment in combination group were significantly lower than those in control group: (0.56 ± 0.14) scores vs. (1.12 ± 0.35) scores, (1.20 ± 0.37) scores vs. (1.50 ± 0.42) scores and (1.02 ± 0.28) scores vs. (1.39 ± 0.43) scores, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium/ Enterobacteria after treatment in combination group were significantly higher than those in control group: (8.56 ± 1.35) lgcfu/g vs. (7.94 ± 1.32) lgcfu/g, (9.27 ± 1.63) lgcfu/g vs. (8.35 ± 1.58) lgcfu/g and 1.85 ± 0.40 vs. 1.25 ± 0.34, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). The CRP, TNF-α and NF-κB after treatment in combination group were significantly lower than those in control group: (12.06 ± 3.14) ng/L vs. (17.36 ± 3.08) ng/L, (10.74 ± 3.25) μg/L vs. (15.30 ± 4.18) μg/L and (1.17 ± 0.34) μg/L vs. (2.21 ± 0.82) μg/L, the IL-10 after treatment was significantly higher than that in control group: (43.14 ± 6.38) μg/L vs. (35.29 ± 5.03) μg/L, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.01). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The combined capsules of live Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus assisted triple therapy has clear efficacy in chronic gastritis children with Hp positive, with few adverse reactions. It can significantly improve clinical symptoms, and its mechanism may be related to the regulation of intestinal microbiota and serum inflammation.
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Objective To investigate the clinical factors affecting live birth rate in patients who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis and subsequent embryo transfer.Methods A total of 643 patients who had undergone hysteroscopic surgery to remove various degrees of intrauterine adhesion(IUA)and subsequently received embryo transfer between January 2018 and December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Postoperative treatment regimens and pregnancy outcomes after embryo transfer were collected.The primary endpoint was live birth rate.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to further investigate the factors affecting pregnancy outcomes.Results Among the 643 IUA patients,20.5%(132/643)patients were diagnosed as having mild IUA,63.6%(409/643)patients moderate IUA,and15.9%(102/643)patients severe IUA.The median time from hysteroscopy to the first cycle of embryo transfer was 126(73,225)d.The clinical pregnancy rate was 32.7%(210/643)and the live birth rate was 24.7%(159/643).Logistic regression analysis found that age(OR =0.926,95%CI:0.880-0.974,P =0.003)and endometrial thickness on the day of transplantation(OR =1.188,95%CI:1.030-1.370,P =0.018)were prognostic factors of live birth.The live birth rate significantly decreased with age in the mild and moderate adhesion groups(P =0.004 and 0.018),while in the severe adhesion group,the live birth rate decreased with age,but the difference was not significant(P =0.526).Postoperative estrogen dosage,number of artificial cycles,interval between hysteroscopy and transplantation,fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer,and type of embryo transferred had no significant impact on live birth.Conclusions Maternal age and endometrial thickness on the day of transplantation are the most important predictors of live birth in patients undergoing embryo transfer after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis.Fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer after surgery and the interval between hysteroscopy and transplantation do not affect the live birth rate.
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Objective:To construct pancreatic cancer cell lines expressing luciferase and mesothelin (MSLN), and evaluate the feasibility of using them as target cells in analyzing the cytotoxicity activity of immune cells.Methods:Lentiviral vectors expressing luciferase and MSLN genes were constructed, and pancreatic cancer cell lines were infected after lentivirus packaging. Single-cell clones were obtained by limited dilution following antibiotic screening, and the stable expression of the target genes were verified. These cells were used as target cells to detect the cytotoxicity of immune cells by real-time cell analysis (RTCA) and luciferase activity. Besides, these luciferase-expressing cells were transplanted into B-NDG mice to establish the animal models of pancreatic cancer, and in vivo optical imaging technology was used to detect the expression of luciferase and monitor the tumor growth in mice. The cytotoxicity of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells was verified in these animal models. Results:Three pancreatic cancer cell lines, panc-1-luc, panc-1-luc-MSLN and capan-2-luc, that could stably express luciferase and MSLN genes were successfully constructed. The expression of the reporter gene in these cells were high, and positively correlated with the number of cells. There were 95.6% of panc-1-luc-MSLN cells expressing MSLN. MSLN-CAR-T cells had specific killing effect on MSLN-positive panc-1-luc-MSLN cells and capan-2-luc cells, with the minimum killing rates of (70.00±18.19)% and (57.00±5.29)%, respectively. But they had no cytotoxicity to MSLN-negative panc-1-luc cells. RTCA results showed that MSLN-CAR-T cells were able to lyse all three pancreatic cancer cell lines, and the minimum killing rates were (56.33±7.64)%, (93.00±2.65)% and (26.33±28.15)%, respectively. The killing of target cells by NK-92MI cells was not depended on MSLN expression. The cytotoxicity in the mice models of pancreatic cancer was consistent with the results in vitro. The in vivo and in vitro test results suggested that the expression of luciferase by target cells could reflect the cytotoxicity of immune cells. Conclusions:This study establishes three pancreatic cancer cell lines stably expressing luciferase, which can be used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of immunotherapy products targeting tumor cells in vitro and in vivo.
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@#Objective To evaluate the safety and efficacy of basic immunization with different sequential immunization programs of oral live attenuated poliomyelitis vaccine(OPV)and inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine(IPV). Methods Infants above two months of age residing in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,were selected for the study,and the basic immunization program of OPV full course(O-O-O group),sequential IPV and OPV(I-I-O group),and IPV full course(I-I-I group)were administered at 2,3 and 4 months of age,respectively. Relevant adverse reactions were proactively monitored by the parents of the participants via completing their own self-observation form after immunization. Before and after immunization,blood samples were collected from the upper arm vein,and the serum was separated. The neutralizing antibody levels of poliovirus in serum were measured by micro neutralization test,and the antibody positive rate and geometric mean titer(GMT)were calculated. Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to research the effects of group,gender,household registration,birth mass and positive rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲ antibody before immunizationon the positive rate of type Ⅰ/Ⅲ antibody after basic immunization. Results There were one case of lethargy and one case of crying in O-O-O group, one case of lethargy in I-I-O group,and one case of crying in I-I-I group. The GMTs of type I neutralizing antibody in the pre-immunization O-O-O group,I-I-O group,and I-I-I group were 41. 39,8. 21,and 12. 56,and those of type Ⅲ neutralizing antibody were 7. 57,4. 02 and 8. 08,respectively. There was no significant difference in GMT between groups for typeⅠandⅢneutralizing antibodies before immunization(F = 2. 815 and 0. 608,P = 0. 061 and 0. 545,respectively). The positive rates of type Ⅰ antibody before immunization were 24. 04%,34. 07% and 41. 00%,respectively,with significant difference between groups(χ~2= 13. 459,P = 0. 001). The positive rates of type Ⅲ antibody were 13. 94%,9. 89% and 18. 00%,respectively,with no significant difference(χ~2= 5. 188,P = 0. 075). After immunization,the GMTs of type Ⅰ neutralizing antibody were 1 311. 84,1 812. 59 and 833. 24,and those of type Ⅲ neutralizing antibody were 911. 97,1 752. 68 and 419. 50,respectively,with significant differences between groups(F = 76. 848 and 202. 632,respectively,each P < 0. 001). After immunization,the positive conversion rates of type Ⅰantibody were 98. 56%,100% and 100%,and those of type Ⅲ antibody were 99. 04%,100% and 99. 44%,respectively,with no significant difference between the two groups(χ~2= 2. 973 and 1. 045,P = 0. 122 and 0. 789,respectively). In addition,group,gender,household registration,birth mass and positive rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲantibody before immunization had no effect on the positive conversion rate of typeⅠ/Ⅲantibody after basic immunization. Conclusion All three sequential immunization programs achieved good safety and high antibody positive conversion rates after basic immunization.
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Objective @#To investigate the correlation between tongue and pulse indicators and the outcome of live birth in patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET), as well as the association between these indicators and patients’ endocrine parameters.@*Methods@#This study was conducted at Reproductive Medicine Center, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China, from March 8, 2021 to January 5, 2022. Patients undergoing FET were divided into live birth and non-live birth groups according to their live birth outcome. The differences between the endocrine parameters [basic follicle stimulating hormone (b FSH), basic luteinizing hormone (b LH), basic estradiol (b E2), basic progesterone (b P), basal endometrial thickness, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on endometrial transition day, luteinizing hormone (LH) on endometrial transition day, estradiol (E2) on endometrial transition day, progesterone (P) on endometrial transition day, and endometrial thickness on endometrial transition day] and the tongue and pulse indicators [tongue body (TB)-L, TB-a, TB-b, tongue coating (TC)-L, TC-a, TC-b, perAll, perPart, h1, h4, h5, t1, h1/t1, and h4/h1] of patients in the two groups were analyzed, with the correlation between these variables analyzed as well using Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify the influential factors in the live birth prediction models across various datasets, including Model 1 consisting of endocrine indicators only, Model 2 solely consisting of tongue and pulse indicators, and Model 3 consisting of both tongue, pulse, and endocrine indicators, as well as to evaluate efficacy of the models derived from different datasets.@*Result@#This study included 78 patients in live birth group and 144 patients in non-live birth group. Compared with non-live birth group, live birth group exhibited higher levels of TB-L (P = 0.01) and TB-a (P = 0.04), while demonstrated lower levels of b FSH (P = 0.01), perAll (P = 0.04), and h4/h1 (P = 0.03). The Spearman’s correlation coefficient analysis revealed statistically significant correlation (P < 0.05) between TB-L, TB-b, TC-L, TC-b, perAll, perPart, h4, h5, t1, h1/t1 and b FSH, b LH, basal endometrial thickness, LH on endometrial transition day, E2 on endometrial transition day, P on endometrial transition day, and endometrial thickness on endometrial transition day in live birth group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prediction Model 3 for live birth outcome [area under the curve (AUC): 0.917,95% confidence interval (CI): 0.863 − 0.971, P < 0.001] surpassed the Model 1 (AUC: 0.698,95% CI: 0.593 − 0.803, P = 0.001), or the Model 2 (AUC: 0.790, 95% CI: 0.699 − 0.880, P < 0.001). The regression equations for the live birth outcomes, integrating tongue and pulse indicators with endocrine parameters, included the following measures: FSH on endometrial transition day [odds ratio (OR): 0.523, P = 0.025], LH on endometrial transition day (OR: 1.277, P = 0.029), TB-L (OR: 2.401, P = 0.001), perPart (OR: 1.018, P = 0.013), h1(OR: 0.065, P = 0.021), t1 (OR: 4.354, P = 0.024), and h4/h1 (OR: 0.018, P = 0.016).@*Conclusion@#In infertility patients undergoing FET, there exists a correlation between tongue and pulse indicators and endocrine parameters. The corporation of tongue and pulse indicators significantly improved the predictive capability of the model for live birth outcomes. Specifically, tongue and pulse indicators such as TB-L, perPart, h1, t1, and h4/h1 exhibited a discernible correlation with the ultimate live birth outcomes.
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@#Objective To evaluate the effect of production site change of vaccine production on the quality of live attenuated varicella vaccine at the molecular level.Methods Using next-generation sequencing(NGS),the varicella-zoster virus(VZV)Oka strain virus seed(VW-before,SYVW-after)and vaccine bulk(P-before,YZP-after)produced before and after prodution site change were subjected to DNA extraction,purification,library construction and sequencing,and the quality control of the sequencing results were performed.Taking gene sequence of Dumas strain registered in GenBank(NC＿001348)as the position reference genome,the whole gene sequences of the four samples before and after prodution site change were compared with the Oka strain virus to obtain the mutation sites,base changes and variant allele frequency(VAF),and the consistency of the samples was evaluated.Results All the sequencing depth of the four samples was more than1 500 ×,and the GC content of the virus seed and vaccine bulk was about 46%,indicating that the sequencing quality was high.The mutation sites and base composition of the gene sequences of virus seed and vaccine bulk were consistent before and after prodution site change,and the VAF was close.Pairwise comparison of correlation coefficients was highly correlated,and the correlation coefficients were significantly different(each R~2≥ 0.990,each P < 0.001).Conclusion NGS test showed that the changes in vaccine production process have no effect on the quality of live attenuated varicella vaccine.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the monitoring results and trends of Oncomelania in Songjiang District of Shanghai from 2007 to 2023， and to provide reference for future monitoring work. MethodsThe data of snail monitoring in Songjiang District from 2007 to 2023 were collected， including the location of snail spots， the number of survey frames， the area with snails， the number of frames with snails， the total number of snails， etc. The density of living snails and the occurrence rate of living snail frames were calculated. ResultsFrom 2007 to 2023， a total of 158 snail spots were found in 22 administrative villages in 4 towns in Songjiang District， including 131 emerging snail habitats （82.91%） and 27 reemerging snail habitats （17.09%）. The total snail area was 175 980 m2， the number of snail frames was 10 061， and 33 302 snails were captured. The highest density was 260/0.11 m2， and 15 662 snails were dissected. No positive snails were found. The average density of living snails was 0.60/0.11 m2 and the average occurrence rate of living snail frames was 17.99%. The snail areas in different areas were Yexie Town 126 000 m2 （71.60%）， Maogang Town 26 470 m2 （15.04%）， Xinbang Town 17 040 m2 （9.68%）， and Shihudang Town 6 470 m2 （3.68%）. The average density of living snails in different areas was 0.89/0.11 m2 in Yexie Town， 0.65/0.11 m2 in Maogang Town， 0.26/0.11 m2 in Shihudang Town and 0.24/0.11 m2 in Xinbang Town. The snail areas of different snail habitats were as follows： woodland 151 250 m2（85.95%）， river 13 810 m2（7.85%）， ditch 6 910 m2（3.93%）， farmland 4 010 m2（2.28%）. The average density of living snails in different snail habitats： ditch 1.01/0.11 m2， beach 0.86/0.11 m2， woodland 0.57/0.11 m2， river 0.40/0.11 m2. The occurrence rate of living snail frames in different regions and different snail environment types showed a downward trend and the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionAlthough the snail monitoring indicators such as snail area， average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate in Songjiang District are still at its historically low level， the average living snail density and average living snail frame occurrence rate are still high compared with other regions or the national average. We should focus on the upper reaches and tributaries of the Huangpu River， especially the key areas of seedling transplantation， and strengthen monitoring and supervision to reduce the risk of snail input.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of women's body mass index （BMI） on pregnancy outcomes of ovulation induction intrauterine insemination （OI-IUI） in patients with unexplained primary infertility. MethodsThe study included 764 OI-IUI cycles from January 2016 to December 2022 in reproductive center of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. According to BMI，patients were divided into three groups：low BMI （BMI<18.5 kg/m2）， normal BMI （18.5 kg/m2 ≤BMI＜23.0 kg/m2）， and high BMI （BMI≥23.0 kg/m2）. Comparison of clinical data and pregnancy outcomes was performed between the groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between BMI and live birth rate. ResultsFrom the low BMI group to the high BMI group， the HCG positive rate （7.08%，9.74%， 13.19%）， clinical pregnancy rate（5.51%， 7.91%， 13.19%）， and live birth rate （4.72%， 6.90%， 12.50%） increased. Among them， the live birth rate of the high BMI group was significantly higher than that of the low BMI group and the normal BMI group， with a statistically significant difference （P=0.034）. While the early miscarriage rate （14.28%， 10.26%， 5.26%） decreased from the low BMI group to the high BMI group. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that BMI was an independent factor in live birth， and high BMI resulted in a better live birth rate than low BMI （OR=3.15，95%CI=1.191-8.329，P=0.021）. ConclusionLow BMI is associated with poor OI-IUI outcomes in patients with unexplained primary infertility. These patients are encouraged to gain weight in a healthy manner.
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A live animal training program is offered to medical students seeking more advanced surgical education. This program requires active participation in all aspects, from planning to implementation. The program provides medical students with a valuable opportunity to develop their interest in surgical care and to acquire advanced surgical techniques through a step-by-step approach. Additionally, they have the chance to develop various types of non-technical skills by assuming different roles within a team. Instructors offer support for their learning. Peer learning allows medical students to learn from and discuss with each other, enabling them to acquire a broad range of knowledge and skills. Simultaneously, students are expected to understand the importance of a team approach by participating in this program from the perspectives of various medical professions. Moreover, the program contributes to the formation of their professional identity.
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@#Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),also known as blue ear disease,is an immunosuppressive disease caused by porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV). PRRSV is an important infectious pathogen of porcine,which has the characteristics of easy recombination and mutation,high transmission ability,and has been widely spread in the world. At the same time,because of the characteristics of immunosuppression,immune evasion,and easy-to-cause antibody-dependent enhancement(ADE),the pathogen has brought serious challenges to the disease prevention and control of PRRS and the development of related vaccines. In this paper,the pathogenic process of PRRSV,immune evasion mechanism,and research progress in different types of PRRSV vaccines were reviewed,in order to provide ideas for the development of related vaccines in the future
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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is often regarded as the preferred therapy for end-stage renal disease. Several surgical procedures have been developed to reduce postoperative donor complications, while maintaining kidney quality. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the preoperative and postoperative outcomes of living kidney donors who underwent either transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy or open nephrectomy. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study conducted in Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: Fifty-five living-related kidney donors underwent nephrectomy and were retrospectively divided into two groups: 21 donors who underwent open nephrectomy (Group 1) and 34 donors who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy (Group 2). RESULTS: In comparison to the donors who underwent open nephrectomy, those who underwent transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy had significantly shorter postoperative hospital stays (2.3 ± 0.2 versus 3.8 ± 0.8 days, P = 0.003), duration of urinary catheterization (1.2 ± 0.8 days versus 2.0 ± 0.7 days, P = 0.0001), operating times (210 ± 27 minutes versus 185 ± 24 minutes, P = 0.02), and less blood loss (86 ml versus 142 ml, P = 0.048). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with regard to the estimated blood transfusion and warm ischemia time. The preoperative week, first postoperative week, and 1-month postoperative serum creatinine levels were comparable between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy can be safely performed at centers with expertise in laparoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has better outcomes than open donor nephrectomy in terms of length of hospital stay, duration of urinary catheterization, operating time, and blood loss.
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Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a distribuição espacial da gravidez em menores de 14 anos e seis meses segundo regiões e municípios brasileiros e características sociodemográficas e de saúde das parturientes e nascidos vivos. Estudo ecológico, analisando o Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (SINASC), 2011-2021, em três grupos etários (<14 anos e 6 meses, 15-19 e 20 anos e mais), segundo variáveis demográficas e do parto. Foram aplicados os Índices Global e Local de Moran. No período foram 127.022 nascidos vivos de meninas 10-14 anos, na maioria negras, 21,1% em união estável ou casadas, com menor proporção de 7 consultas de pré-natal e captação no primeiro trimestre, maior proporção de baixo peso ao nascer e baixo índice de Apgar, residentes nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. A taxa média de nascidos vivos de 10-14 anos mostrou autocorrelação significativa com o espaço, especialmente em municípios do Centro-Oeste e Norte. A gravidez de 10 a 14 revela uma sequência de vulnerabilidades sofridas por essas meninas, pela gravidez em idade precoce, maior frequência entre negras, com implicações na morbimortalidade para ela e seus filhos; e pela violência presumida nesses casos, incluindo o acesso negado ao aborto legal.
Abstract The objective was to analyze the spatial distribution of pregnancy in children under 14 years and six months by Brazilian region and municipality and sociodemographic and health characteristics of pregnant women and live births. Ecological study analyzing the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) from 2011 to 2021 in three age groups (< 14 years and six months, 15-19 years, and 20 years and above) by demographic and birth variables. We applied the Global and Local Moran. A total of 127,022 live births to girls aged 10-14 years were identified during the period, most of whom were Black, 21.1% in common-law or married relationships, with a lower proportion of seven prenatal care appointments and enrollment in the first trimester, a higher proportion of low birth weight and low Apgar score, residing in the North and Northeast. The mean live birth rate for 10-to-14-year-old girls was significantly autocorrelated with space, especially in municipalities of the Midwest and North. Pregnancy from 10 to 14 years of age reveals several vulnerabilities suffered by these girls due to pregnancy at an early age, which is more common among Black women, with implications for morbimortality for them and their children and the presumed violence in these cases, including denied access to legal abortion.
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Desde fines de 2023, la denominación hígado graso no alcohólico cambió por esteatosis hepática asociada a disfunción metabólica (MASLD, por sus iniciales en inglés), ya que el nombre anterior era considerado estigmatizante para los pacientes. No está recomendado rastrear esta entidad en la población general. Sin embargo, si por algún motivo se solicitó una ecografía y esta informa esteatosis hepática, se recomienda evaluar el riesgo de progresión a fibrosis hepática mediante el puntaje FIB-4. Los pacientes con puntaje mayor a 1,3 requieren mayor evaluación y se les solicita una elastografía transicional (Fibroscan®). El tratamiento de esta entidad apunta, en general, al descenso de peso mediante la actividad física y la dieta hipocalórica. (AU)
Since the end of 2023, the name non-alcoholic fatty liver has been changed to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), as the former denomination was considered stigmatizing for patients. It is not recommended to screen for this entity in the general population. However, if for some reason an ultrasound was performed and it reports hepatic steatosis, it is recommended to evaluate the risk of progression to liver fibrosis using the FIB-4 score. Patients with a score greater than 1.3 require further evaluation, and a transient elastography (FibroScan®) is requested. Treatment in general aims at weight loss through physical activity and a low-calorie diet. (AU)