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1.
Bol. latinoam. Caribe plantas med. aromát ; 23(3): 401-409, mayo 2024. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1538160

ABSTRACT

Bovine mastitis is a disease wi th far - reaching consequences for the dairy industry. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogen that is especially resistant to antibiotics. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils Lippia citriodora (Lam.), Thy mus vulgaris (L), and a mixture of the essential oils Lippia citriodora and Thymus vulgaris (50/50 v/v), against isolates of oxacillin - resistant Staphylococcus aureus (n=15) of positive cases of bovine mastitis. For the statistical analysis, the IBM SPSS s tatistical package was used. The mixture of essential oils ( Lippia citriodora and Thymus vulgaris (50/50 v/v)) obtained the most significant antimicrobial activity in relation to pure essential oils. It is therefore concluded that the mixture of these oils boosts their antimicrobial activity ( p <0.05). The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration of this mixture for the total isolations was 12 µL/L and 25 µL/mL, respectively.


La mastitis bovina es una enfermedad de gran impacto para la industria lechera. El Staphylococcus aureus es uno de los principales patógenos, especialmente aquellos resistentes a los antibióticos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites esenciales de Lippia citriodora (Lam.), Thymus vulgaris (L), y una mezcla de aceites esenciales de Lippia citriodora y Thymus vulgaris (50/50 v/v), frente a aislamientos clínicos de Staph ylococcus aureus oxacilino - resistentes (n=15) de mastitis bovina. Se utilizó p rograma estadístico IBM SPSS y se concluyó la diferencia significativa a un p <0.05. La mezcla de aceites esenciales ( Lippia citriodora y Thymus vulgaris (50/50 v/v)), obtuvo la m ayor actividad antimicrobiana en relación a los aceites esenciales puros, se concluye que la mezcla de estos aceites potencia su actividad antimicrobiana ( p <0.019). La concentración mínima inhibitoria y bactericida de esta mezcla fue del 12 µL/mL y 25 µL/m L, respectivamente, y puede ser una alternativa terapéutica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Lippia/chemistry , Thymus Plant , Mastitis, Bovine/microbiology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Oils, Volatile/chemistry , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Colombia , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
2.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1): 52-58, feb. 2024. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528829

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: In bovines, anatomical observations of the coronary vascular tree describe qualitative characteristics. The objective of this study was to morphometrically characterize the coronary veins and their tributaries in cattle. An arcuate application with 2.0 silk was performed around the ostium of the coronary sinus of 28 bovine hearts and a number 14 catheter was placed, through which semi- synthetic polyester resin and mineral blue color was perfused. In 22 hearts (78.6 %) the great cardiac vein was originated at the cardiac apex. The configuration of the arteriovenous trigone was mainly closed inferior and superior types (50 %). The caliber of the great cardiac vein at the level of the atrioventricular sulcus was 6.7 +/- 1.2 mm. The origin of the left marginal vein was observed in the lower third of the left cardiac margin (53.6 %), its distal caliber was 4.1 +/- 0.8 mm and its drainage was at the level of the great cardiac vein. The middle cardiac vein originated from the cardiac apex in 78.6 % of the samples, emptied mainly into the coronary sinus (82.1 %) and its distal caliber was 4.7 +/- 0.9 mm. Anastomoses occurred in 28.6 % of the hearts, being found in most cases between the middle cardiac vein and the great cardiac vein (50 %), which was significant compared to other anastomoses (p<0.001). The length of the coronary sinus was 42.2 +/- 5.1 mm, its distal caliber was 13.8 +/- 2 mm, and its shape was cylindrical. Myocardial bridges were found in 3 hearts (10.7 %) mainly in the lower third of the middle cardiac vein (66.6 %). Most of the main coronary veins drained into the coronary sinus, with some cases with atypical outlets and the presence of a high percentage of anastomosis that serves to improve cardiac venous drainage in case of venous compression or obstruction.


En bovinos, las observaciones anatómicas de árbol vascular coronario describen características cualitativas. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar morfométricamente las venas coronarias y sus tributarias en bovinos. Se realizó una aplicatura arciforme con seda 2.0 alrededor del ostium del seno coronario de 28 corazones de bovino y se colocó un catéter número 14, a través del cual se perfundió resina de poliéster semisintética y color azul mineral. La vena cardiaca magna se originó en 22 corazones (78,6 %) en el ápex cardiaco. La configuración del trígono arteriovenoso fue principalmente cerrado inferior y superior (50 %). El calibre de la vena cardiaca magna a nivel del surco atrioventricular fue 6,7 +/- 1,2 mm. El origen de la vena marginal izquierda se observó en el tercio inferior del margen izquierdo cardiaco (53,6 %), su calibre distal fue 4,1 +/- 0,8 mm y su desembocadura fue a nivel de la vena cardiaca magna. La vena cardiaca media se originó en el ápex cardiaco en el 78,6 % de las muestras, desembocó principalmente en el seno coronario (82.1 %) y su calibre distal fue 4,7 +/- 0,9 mm. Se presentó anastomosis en el 28,6 % de los corazones, encontrándose en la mayoría de los casos entre la vena cardiaca media y la vena cardiaca magna (50 %), lo cual fue significativo en comparación con otras anastomosis (p<0,001). La longitud del seno coronario fue 42,2 +/- 5,1 mm, su calibre distal fue 13,8 +/- 2 mm y su forma fue cilíndrica. Se encontró puentes miocárdicos en 3 corazones (10,7 %) y en el tercio inferior de la vena cardiaca media (66,6 %). La mayoría de las venas coronarias principales desembocan en el seno coronario, con algunos casos con desembocaduras atípicas y la presencia de un alto porcentaje de anastomosis que sirve para mejorar el drenaje venoso cardiaco en caso de compresión u obstrucción venosa.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle/anatomy & histology , Coronary Vessels/anatomy & histology , Veins , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coronary Sinus/anatomy & histology
3.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1021421

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:The most prominent transcription factor activated by tumor stem cells in osteosarcoma is EZH2,and silencing of EZH2 has been reported to inhibit osteosarcoma cell growth.Studies have confirmed that bovine serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticles are a drug delivery vector with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,and the albumin carrier can provide tumor-targeted drug delivery function. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanism of bovine serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with EPZ6438(EZH2 inhibitor)for the treatment of osteosarcoma. METHODS:(1)Bovine serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with and without EPZ6438 were prepared.The drug encapsulation rate and drug release rate of serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with EPZ6438 were detected.(2)MG-63 cells were divided into four groups and added with PBS(control group),serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticle extract solution(blank nanoparticle group),EPZ6438 solution(free drug group),and serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticle extract loaded with EPZ6438(drug-loaded nanoparticle group),respectively.After 3 days of culture,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the expression of caspase-3 mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.(3)Twelve nude mice were selected and the subcutaneous tumor-bearing mouse model was established by injecting MG-63 cell suspension under the armpit.After successful modeling,the mice were randomly divided into four groups for intervention.Normal saline(control group),serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticle solution(blank nanoparticle group),EPZ6438 solution(free drug group)and serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticle solution loaded with EPZ6438(drug-loaded nanoparticle group)were injected into tumor tissues,with three animals in each group.After 7 days of injection,the tumor volume and frozen sections of tumor tissue were observed by TUNEL staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The drug encapsulation rate of the nanoparticles was about 8.8%,and the nanoparticles had a good drug release effect in pure water.The drug release amount was(34.72±1.93)μg at 24 hours,(48.58±1.10)μg at 72 hours,(49.18±1.24)μg at 120 hours,and(50.25±1.13)μg at 168 hours.The drug release reached the plateau at 120 hours,and the release rate was about 97.9%.(2)After 3 days of cell culture with MG-63,the apoptotic rate in the control group and blank nanoparticle group was lower than that in the free drug group and drug-loaded nanoparticle group(P<0.001),and the expression of caspase 3 mRNA was lower than that in the free drug group and drug-loaded nanoparticle group(P<0.000 1).(3)After 7 days of injection,the tumor volume of nude mice in the drug-loaded nanoparticle group was smaller than that in the other three groups(P<0.05),and the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in tumor tissue was higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.000 1).(4)The results verify that serum albumin-chitosan nanoparticles loaded with EPZ6438 can inhibit the growth of osteosarcoma by inducing apoptosis of tumor cells.

4.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1029028

ABSTRACT

Objective:To evaluate the efficacies of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in the clearance of Bovine Kobu (BK) virus and treatment of BK virus nephropathy (BKVN) in kidney transplantation recipients.Methods:From March 1, 2018 to March 31, 2022, the relevant clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 13 kidney transplantation recipients with histologically proven BKVN on a full course of IVIG. The changes of serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were compared before and after Month 1/3/6/12. Univariate Cox regression analysis was performed for examining the overall risk factors of BK virus clearance failure.Results:kidney transplantation (12 cases) and combined pancreatorenal transplantation (1 case) were performed. Among them, 9/13 patients were pathologically classified as stage A (early changes without tubular necrosis) and another 4 cases as stage B (active nephropathy with viral tubular necrosis). After IVIG dosing, all patients with BK virus in blood turned negative. Urinary BK virus DNA load of 7 patients with BK virus declined by 10 3 copies/ml, and 6 patients with BK virus in urine turned negative. Blood BK viral DNA load, urinary BK viral DNA load, GFR and serum creatinine before IVIG were 26 100 (1 000, 254 000) copies /ml and 1 450 (438, 7 480) ×10 6 copies /ml, (35. 36±14. 57) ml/min and (208. 50±66. 89) μmol/L, respectively, after 12 months of use of IVIG were 0、0(0, 0. 58) ×10 6 copies/ml、(46. 05±13. 00) ml/min and(175. 38±50. 64) μmol/L, the differences were statistically significant ( P=0. 012, 0. 027, 0. 046 and 0. 039) . Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the overall risk factor for viral clearance failure was high initial viral load ( HR=0. 780, 95% CI: 0. 64-0. 98, P=0. 032) , concurrent transplanted kidney rejection ( HR=0. 847, 95% CI: 0. 52-0. 93, P=0. 013) and higher BKVN grade ( HR=0. 426, 95% CI: 0. 22-0. 81 , P=0. 010) were the overall risk factors for urinary BK virus clearance failure. No major adverse events occurred. Conclusions:IVIG may achieve a high efficacy of BK virus clearance. IVIG is effective in the treatment of BKVN. The graft renal function was stable or improved after treatment.

5.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1025111

ABSTRACT

Objective To establish female and male bovine collagen-induced arthritis(CIA)models and compare the effects of gender differences on joint and extra-articular manifestations of the CIA model.Methods The CIA model was induced by injection of bovine type Ⅱ collagen and Freund's complete adjuvant into female and male SD rats.The general condition,arthritis index,foot swelling,serum proinflammatory factors and plasminogen activator inhibitor levels,spleen index,knee and ankle joint pathologies,right rear paw bone destruction,and pulmonary interstitial lesions were evaluated.Results The arthritis index of female CIA rats was significantly higher than that of male CIA rats on day 21 after initial immunization(P<0.05),but no significant difference was found in the degree of foot swelling between the two groups at any time point(P>0.05).Serum tumor necrosis factor α,interleukin-1β,and the spleen index of female CIA rats were significantly higher than those of male CIA rats(P<0.05,P<0.001).No significant difference was found in plasminogen activator inhibitor levels(P>0.05).The scores of inflammatory cell infiltration and synovial hyperplasia in the knee and ankle pathologies of female CIA rats were significantly higher than those of male CIA rats(P<0.05),and cartilage damage of the knee joint and bone damage of the right rear paw of female CIA rats were significantly higher than that of male rats(P<0.05).Both male and female CIA rats showed pulmonary interstitial inflammatory cell infiltration and mild fibrosis,but the pulmonary interstitial lesions in females were more severe than those in males.Conclusions Female and male CIA models established in SD rats have arthritis and pulmonary interstitial lesions,but the lesion degree in female CIA rats is more serious.When using CIA models for RA-related research,attention should be focused on the effect of gender differences.

6.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-218952

ABSTRACT

Background: Dexamethasone is a synthetic corticosteroid similar to cortisol produced naturally by the adrenal glands. As an anti- inflammatory and immunosuppressive agent, it is used in many diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and allergic anaphylactic shock, and its suppression test to diagnose Cushing's syndrome. Its further use includes its administration before antibiotics in bacterial meningitis, antitumor treatment, for treatment of glucocorticoid resistance, Addison抯 disease, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The drug is abused by using it in animal husbandry as a growth promoter and in horse sports to enhance their performance. Methods: In this study, the development of homologous ELISA using Dexamethasone-21-hemisuccinate (DEX-21-HS)-Bovine serum albumin antiserum and Dexamethasone-21-hemisuccinate (DEX-21-HS)-Horseradish peroxidase enzyme conjugate has been done. The n-hydroxysuccinimide ester method was used to prepare the immunogen and enzyme conjugate. Results: The sensitivity 0.25 ng/mL, affinity 2.8x10-8 L/mol and ED50 4.98 ng/mL of the assay were found. The cross-reactivity of the assay was checked and found with three steroids (Corticosterone- 1.13%, Progesterone- 2.25% and Prednisolone- 6.3%) out of 48 structurally related steroids. Then, analytical variables of the developed assay were studied, such as recovery (98.55% to 105.08%), precision (Inter and Intra- assay coefficient of variation <9.28%), correlation (R2= 0.98) by utilizing a commercially available Dexamethasone kit for comparison. Conclusion: This study concluded that low-cost indigenous ELISA for Dexamethasone had been developed, which can give results within 75-80 minutes.

7.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 55(2): 9-9, jun. 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1449407

ABSTRACT

Abstract Bovine pestiviruses are the causative agents of bovine viral diarrhea, a disease thatcauses severe economic losses in cattle. The aim of this study was to improve their diagnosisby developing a RT-qPCR to detect bovine pestiviruses A, B and H; and to set up a protocolfor collecting, shipping and preserving bovine pestiviral RNA on filter papers. The developedRT-qPCR showed high sensitivity in detecting these viruses in different matrices: viral stocks,semen and serum samples. With regard to the possibility of using the technique to test serumpools, it was possible to identify a positive serum sample within a pool containing 30 sera.In addition to evaluating the qPCR from fresh samples, the use of filter papers to sow bovinesamples was analyzed. The sampling method on two different filter papers using bovine blooddrops was a useful alternative for diagnostic purposes and allowed to preserve pestiviral RNAfor up to 12 months under refrigeration.


Resumen Los Pestivirus bovinos son los agentes causales de la diarrea viral bovina, una enfermedad que genera importantes pérdidas económicas en el ganado vacuno. El objetivo de este trabajo fue mejorar su diagnóstico mediante el desarrollo de una RT-qPCR para detectar los Pestivirus bovinos A, B y H y disenar un protocolo de recolección, envío y conservación de ARN viral en papeles de filtro. La RT-qPCR desarrollada demostró alta sensibilidad en la detección de estos virus en diferentes matrices: stock viral, suero y semen. Respecto de la posibilidad de usar la técnica para testear pools de suero, fue posible identificar un suero positivo dentro de un pool compuesto por 30 sueros. Además de evaluar la qPCR en muestras frescas, se analizó el uso de papeles de filtro para sembrar muestras de bovinos. La metodología de toma de muestras en dos tipos de papeles de filtro usando gotas de sangre fue una alternativa útil para el diagnóstico y permitió conservar ARN viral por hasta 12 meses a temperaturas de refrigeración.

8.
Rev. baiana saúde pública ; 47(1): 78-90, 20230619.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1438234

ABSTRACT

As condições higiênico-sanitárias precárias que caracterizam os açougues de Moçambique contribuem para a contaminação de carnes, constituindo um atentado à saúde dos consumidores. Este estudo visou realizar uma análise microbiológica da carne bovina comercializada nos açougues da cidade de Nampula, Moçambique. Foram analisadas, sob padrões laboratoriais ISO, a carne bovina fresca e as zaragatoas de sete açougues licenciados. A análise revelou que 100% das amostras de todos os açougues foram contaminadas por bactérias aeróbias mesófilas, porém, no limite aceitável de contaminação. Cinco açougues apresentaram valores superiores a 1,5 × 106 UFC/g de contaminação. Para Staphylococcus aureus, todas as amostras apresentaram valores superiores a 100 UFC/g; para Escherichia coli, quatro amostras apresentaram valores acima dos limites aceitáveis; e 71% das amostras foram contaminadas por Salmonella spp. Quanto aos utensílios e equipamentos, houve contaminação em 14% das amostras. Assim, recomenda-se a implementação de boas práticas de manipulação de carne nos açougues da cidade de Nampula, de modo a promover a obtenção de carne de qualidade pelos consumidores.


The precarious hygienic-sanitary conditions that characterize the butcheries in Mozambique, contribute to the contamination of meat, which can jeopardize the health of consumers. This study aimed to perform a microbiological analysis of the bovine meat sold in the butcheries of Nampula city, Mozambique. We analyzed, under ISO laboratory standards, bovine meat and swabs from seven licensed butcheries. The analysis revealed that 100% of the samples were contaminated by mesophilic aerobic bacteria; however, the contamination remained within the acceptable range. Five butcheries presented values over 1.5 × 106 CFU/g of contamination. For Staphylococcus aureus, all samples presented values higher than 100 CFU/g; for Escherichia coli, four samples were showed values over the acceptable range; and 71% of the samples were contaminated by Salmonella spp. Regarding utensils and equipment, 14% of the samples were contaminated. Thus, we recommend implementing good meat handling practices in butcheries of Nampula city to promote the obtention of quality meat by consumers.


Las precarias condiciones higiénicas y sanitarias que caracterizan a las carnicerías en Mozambique contribuyen a la promoción de la contaminación de la carne, constituyendo un ataque a la salud de los consumidores. Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de realizar análisis microbiológico de carne vacuna vendida en carnicerías de la ciudad de Nampula, Mozambique. Se analizó, bajo patrones de laboratorio ISO, carne vacuna fresca e hisopos de siete carnicerías. El análisis reveló que el 100% de las muestras estaban contaminadas por bacterias aerobias mesófilas en todas las carnicerías, pero dentro del límite aceptable de contaminación. Cinco carnicerías presentaron valores superiores a 1,5 × 106 UFC/g de contaminación. Para Staphylococcus aureus, todas las muestras presentaron valores superiores a 100 UFC/g; para Escherichia coli, cuatro muestras presentaron valores por encima de los límites aceptables; mientras que el 71% de las muestras estaban contaminadas por Salmonella spp. En las muestras de utensilios y equipos hubo contaminación en un 14%. Por lo que se recomienda implementar buenas prácticas de manejo de carne en las carnicerías de la ciudad de Nampula, con el fin de promover la adquisición de carne de calidad para los consumidores.


Subject(s)
Food Contamination , Sanitary Profiles , Red Meat , Foodborne Diseases
9.
Acta bioquím. clín. latinoam ; 57(2): 217-220, jun. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1519868

ABSTRACT

Resumen Tenosinovitis es la inflamación o infección de un tendón y su vaina sinovial. Una de las causas puede ser bacteriana. Los gérmenes comunes son los más frecuentes, pero deben investigarse también las micobacterias. En la Argentina, la tuberculosis es un problema de salud pública. Mycobacterium bovis ocasiona zoonosis que afectan animales y humanos. La infección en el hombre se da por inhalación de aerosoles de ganado enfermo, por vía digestiva o cutánea. Las manifestaciones extrapulmonares pueden ser digestivas, ganglionares, cutáneas u osteoarticulares. La tenosinovitis tuberculosa de muñeca es infrecuente y, generalmente, es diagnosticada como tenosinovitis reumática o inespecífica. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 48 años, residente de zona rural, que presentaba hipertrofia y edema en dedos de la mano izquierda. Se le realizó cirugía del túnel carpiano y se observaron cuerpos como granos de arroz. Del tejido sinovial se aisló M. bovis. Comenzó tratamiento tuberculostático más claritromicina. Evolucionó favorablemente.


Abstract Tenosynovitis is an inflammation or infection of a tendon and its synovial sheath. One cause of this illness may be bacterial, being common organisms more frequent, but mycobacteria should be also investigated. In Argentina, tuberculosis is a public health problem. Mycobacterium bovis causes zoonoses that affect animals and humans. Infection in man occurs by inhalation of aerosols from sick cattle, by digestive or cutaneous routes. Extrapulmonary manifestations can be digestive, nodal, cutaneous or osteoarticular. Tuberculous wrist tenosynovitis is uncommon, usually diagnosed as rheumatic or nonspecific tenosynovitis. The case of a 48-year-old woman, a resident of rural areas, presenting hypertrophy, and edema in the fingers of the left hand was introduced. Carpal tunnel surgery was performed, while rice grain bodies were noticed. Synovial tissue material was taken for mycobacterial culture, where M. bovis was isolated. She began tuberculostatic treatment plus clarithromycin. She evolved favourably.


Resumo A tenossinovite é a inflamação ou infecção de um tendão e sua bainha sinovial. A causa pode ser bacteriana, sendo os germes comuns os mais frequentes, mas as micobactérias devem ser investigadas. Na Argentina, a tuberculose é um problema de saúde pública. Mycobacterium bovis causa zoonose que afeta animais e humanos. A infecção no homem ocorre por inalação de aerossóis de gado doente, por via digestiva ou cutânea. As manifestações extrapulmonares podem ser digestivas, ganglionares, cutâneas, osteoarticulares. A tenossinovite tuberculosa do pulso é pouco frequente, geralmente diagnosticada como tenossinovite reumática ou inespecífica. Apresenta-se o caso de uma mulher de 48 anos, moradora de zona rural, com hipertrofia e edema nos dedos da mão esquerda. Foi realizada cirurgia do túnel do carpo, observando-se corpos como grãos de arroz. Do tecido sinovial foi isolado M. bovis. Iniciou-se tratamento tuberculostático mais claritromicina. Evoluiu favoravelmente.

10.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 30(1): 24-28, jan./mar. 2023. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1532122

ABSTRACT

A bovinocultura possui grande importância na economia brasileira, entretanto, enfermidades afetam a produção, ocasionando perdas econômicas, como a miíase. O agente causador da miíase é Cochliomyia hominivorax, mosca-da-bicheira. Os agentes são aptos às regiões tropicais e subtropicais no Brasil, e exibem resistência parasitária aos fármacos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência de C. hominivorax em bovinos no estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Foram escolhidas 19 propriedades de bovinos leiteiros e de corte, distribuídas em 11 municípios maranhenses. Foi indagado, por questionário, o manejo, os medicamentos utilizados e o custo de prevenção relacionado à mazela. Os bovinos foram examinados por inspeção, recolhendo-se parcialmente as larvas encontradas na superfície corporal. O número de larvas por bovino, local das lesões, a origem e complicações foram observadas e anotadas. Em seguida, os espécimes coletados foram acondicionados em frascos individuais, por hospedeiro amostrado, contendo álcool a 70°Gay-Lussac (GL). No laboratório as larvas das moscas foram examinadas em estereomicroscópio e identificadas pela sua morfologia. Verificou-se que mais de 60% (12/19) das propriedades possuíam bovinos parasitados. Dentre os 4.509 animais observados, 0,57% (26/4509) estavam parasitados com as larvas de C. hominivorax. Encontraram-se infestações no umbigo (50%), bem como na tábua do pescoço (42%), vulva (4%) e chifre (4%). Conclui-se que houve uma baixa prevalência de miíase causada por C. hominivorax em bovinos no estado do Maranhão, porém a prevenção e cuidados sanitários sempre devem ser adotados pelos pecuaristas.


Cattle breeding has great importance in the Brazilian economy, however, diseases affect production, causing economic losses, such as myiasis. The causative agent of myiasis is Cochliomyia hominivorax, the screwworm fly. The agents are suitable for tropical and subtropical regions in Brazil, and exhibit parasitic drug resistance. The objective of this work was to verify the occurrence of C. hominivorax in cattle in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. In the first stage, 19 dairy and beef cattle properties were chosen, distributed in 11 municipalities in Maranhão. Questionnaires asked about the management, the drugs used and the cost of prevention related to the disease. The cattle were examined by inspection, partially collecting the larvae found on the body surface. The number of larvae per bovine, location of lesions, origin and complications were observed and noted. Then, the collected specimens were placed in individual flasks, per sampled host, containing alcohol at 70°Gay-Lussac (GL). In the second stage, the fly larvae were identified in the laboratory, examined under a stereomicroscope and identified by their morphology and analysis of perithematics plaques and respiratory spiracles. It was found more that 60% (12/19) of the properties had parasitized cattle. Among the 4.509 animals observed, 0.57% (26/4509) were parasitized with the larvae of C. hominivorax. Infestations were found in the navel (50%), as well as in the neck plate (42%), vulva (4%) and horn (4%). It is concluded that there was a low prevalence of myiasis caused by C. hominivorax in cattle in the state of Maranhão, but prevention and health care should always be adopted by livestock farmers.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Screw Worm Infection/veterinary , Cattle Diseases/parasitology , Prevalence , Livestock/parasitology , Parasite Load/veterinary , Larva/parasitology , Myiasis/veterinary
11.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 347-358, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-970379

ABSTRACT

This study aims to develop a method to detect bovine multi-cytokines based on flow cytometry. Previously we have prepared and screened monoclonal antibodies against bovine cytokines IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IP-10 and MCP-1. These bovine cytokine monoclonal antibodies were fluorescently labeled, and the combination of antibody and cell surface molecules were used to develop the method for detecting bovine multi-cytokines. Subsequently, the developed method was used to determine the cytokine expression profile of Mycobacterium bovis BCG infected bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro, and evaluate the cytokine expression level of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells of tuberculosis-positive cattle. The bovine multi-cytokine flow cytometry detection method can effectively determine the cytokine expression of BCG-infected bovine peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Among them, the expression levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α continue to increase after 40 hours of infection, while the expression levels of IP-10 and MCP-1 decreased. The combined detection of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α on CD4+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of cattle can effectively distinguish tuberculosis-positive and tuberculosis-negative samples. This method may facilitate evaluating the level of cellular immune response after bovine pathogen infection and vaccine injection.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Animals , Cytokines , BCG Vaccine/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Interleukin-2 , Flow Cytometry/methods , Chemokine CXCL10/metabolism , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Tuberculosis , Antibodies, Monoclonal/metabolism
12.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996974

ABSTRACT

@#Objective    To study the hemocompatibility of bioprosthetic heart valve materials respectively based on glutaraldehyde and non-glutaraldehyde treatment. Methods    Fresh bovine pericardium was treated with glutaraldehyde or non-glutaraldehyde after adipose tissue was removed. To evaluate the hemocompatibility of the two bioprosthetic heart valve materials, hemolysis test, in vitro fibrinogen adsorption experiment, platelet adhesion experiment, thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) test, complement activation assay and ex vivo circulation experiment were performed. Results    The hemolysis test results demonstrated that both of the materials showed hemolytic rates lower than 5%. The results of TAT test and complement activation assay showed no statistical differences among the two materials and the blank control group. Compared to the bioprosthetic heart valve materials with glutaraldehyde-based treatment, the materials with non-glutaraldehyde-based treatment showed significantly decreased fibrinogen adsorption, platelet adhesion and thrombosis. Conclusion    Compared to the bioprosthetic heart valve materials with glutaraldehyde-based treatment, the materials with non-glutaraldehyde-based treatment show better hemocompatibility.

13.
Tropical Biomedicine ; : 375-382, 2023.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1011280

ABSTRACT

@#Bovine anaplasmosis, caused by Anaplasma marginale, is a significant infectious disease affecting cattle populations globally. However, the prevalence and distribution of bovine anaplasmosis vary across regions, making it crucial to assess its global burden systematically. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the global prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis and synthesized data from diverse geographic regions. A literature search was conducted to identify all relevant published articles reporting the prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis and a total of 164 studies were found eligible for final systematic review and meta-analysis. Meta-analysis was conducted using meta package of R software and summary estimates of the prevalence were calculated. Meta-analysis of 129,851 samples from 42 countries was conducted and the overall estimated prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis was found to be 38% (100% CI = 33% - 42%). The prevalence was found to be higher in cattle (39.9%) in comparison to yaks (6.4%). Diagnosis using serology (40.2%) yielded a higher prevalence compared to molecular testing (38.3%) and blood smears (22.4%) methods. Additionally, there were significant differences in the prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis between different countries (p<0.05). This study will inform evidence-based strategies for control and prevention of bovine anaplasmosis on a global scale by discovering the true extent of the disease and identifying high-prevalence areas.

14.
Article in Japanese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1006965

ABSTRACT

An 82-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of fever and disequilibrium. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed acute multiple cerebral infarctions with multiple small intracerebral hemorrhages. The laboratory tests revealed an elevated inflammatory response, and two separate sets of blood cultures were positive for Streptococcus oralis. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed a single site of vegetation (13×11 mm) of the mitral anterior annulus. The vegetation apparently did not involve the intervalvular fibrous body. Moderate mitral regurgitation and mild to moderate aortic regurgitation were detected. Early surgical intervention was considered, but there was a high risk of operative mortality. We thus initially performed only medical treatment. Transesophageal echocardiography was again performed 12 days after his admission and revealed vegetation of the mitral anterior annulus progressing to the aortic annulus via the intervalvular fibrous body. It seemed to be difficult to control this progressive infective endocarditis with medical treatment. We therefore performed a semi-urgent operation. With an incision into the right-side left atrium, we identified the vegetation of the center of the mitral anterior leaflet progressing to the mitral anterior annulus. Subsequently, we added an aortotomy with Manouguian’s incision. We were able to remove all vegetation that was present in the aortic annulus, intervalvular fibrous body, and mitral annulus with a Commando operation. Finally, we performed double valve replacement with reconstruction of the intervalvular fibrous body and other lost cardiac structures using one boat-shaped bovine pericardial patch. He was discharged to home 34 days after surgery with no neurological complications and no recurrence of infective endocarditis. He also had no recurrence of infective endocarditis and no paravalvular leakage on either prosthetic valve at one year after the surgery.

15.
Chinese Journal of Biotechnology ; (12): 4861-4873, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1008064

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to produce Erns protein of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) by using suspensively cultured CHO cells expression system and to analyze the immunogenicity of the purified Erns protein. In this study, the recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1-BVDV-Erns was constructed based on the gene sequence of BVDV-1 NADL strain. The Erns protein was secreted and expressed in cells supernatant after transfecting the recombinant expression plasmid pcDNA3.1-BVDV-Erns into CHO cells. The expression and purification of the Erns protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the reactivity was determined with anti-His monoclonal antibodies and BVDV positive serum with Western blotting. Immunogenicity analysis of the Erns protein was determined after immunizing New Zealand white rabbits, and the serum antibodies were tested by indirect ELISA (iELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA). The serum neutralizing titer of the immunized rabbits was determined by virus neutralization test. The concentration of the purified Erns protein was up to 0.886 mg/mL by BCA protein quantification kit. The results showed that the Erns protein could be detected with anti-His monoclonal antibodies and anti-BVDV sera. Serum antibodies could be detected by iELISA on the 7th day post-prime immunization, and the antibody level was maintained at a high titer until the 28th day post-immunization. The antibody titer was 1:128 000. Furthermore, the expression of the Erns protein in BVDV-infected MDBK cells could be detected with immunized rabbits sera by IFA. Moreover, antigen-specific neutralizing antibodies of 2.71 log10 was induced in rabbits. In this study, purified BVDV Erns protein was successfully produced using CHO suspension culture system, and the recombinant protein was proved to have a good immunogenicity, which may facilitate the development of BVD diagnosis method and novel subunit vaccine.


Subject(s)
Rabbits , Animals , Cricetinae , Cricetulus , CHO Cells , Antibodies, Viral , Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral/genetics , Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics , Diarrhea , Viral Vaccines/genetics
16.
Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. (Online) ; 59: e23068, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1505851

ABSTRACT

Abstract Bovine infectious mastitis is largely resistant to antibacterial treatment, mainly due to mechanisms of bacterial resistance in the biofilms formed by Staphylococcus aureus. Melaleuca (MEO) and citronella essential oils (CEO) are promising agents for reducing or eliminating biofilms. Free melaleuca oil presented a medium Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 0.625% and a Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of 1.250%, while free citronella oil showed medium MIC and MBC of 0.313%. Thus, free CEO and MEO demonstrate bacteriostatic and bactericidal potential. We generated polymeric nanocapsules containing MEO or CEO and evaluated their efficacy at reducing biofilms formed by S. aureus. Glass and polypropylene spheres were used as test surfaces. To compare the responses of free and encapsulated oils, strains were submitted to 10 different procedures, using free and nanoencapsulated essential oils (EOs) in vitro. We observed no biofilm reduction by MEO, free or nanoencapsulated. However, CEO nanocapsules reduced biofilm formation on glass (p=0.03) and showed a tendency to diminish biofilms on polypropylene (p=0.051). Despite nanoencapsulated CEO reducing biofilms in vitro, the formulation could be improved to modify the CEO component polarity and, including MEO, to obtain more interactions with surfaces and the biofilm matrix


Subject(s)
Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Oils, Volatile/analysis , Biofilms/classification , Nanocapsules/adverse effects , Mastitis, Bovine/pathology , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Melaleuca/adverse effects , Cymbopogon/adverse effects
17.
J. appl. oral sci ; 31: e20230020, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1448552

ABSTRACT

Abstract Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the most used supplement in culture media; however, it may interfere with in vitro assays via effects on cell proliferation and cytokine production. The ideal FBS concentration for assays using apical papilla cells (APCs) remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of FBS on APC activation, cell viability/proliferation, and cytokine production. Methodology Human APCs were cultured, plated, and maintained in media containing increasing concentrations of FBS for 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 7 days, and 14 days in the presence of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS - 1 µg/mL). At each time point, the cells were subjected to the MTT assay. The cytokines transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, osteoprotegerin (OPG), and interleukin (IL)-6, along with the chemokine CCL2, were quantified using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at the 24-h time-point. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test (p<0.05). Results In general, APCs exhibited increasing metabolic activity in an FBS concentration-dependent fashion, regardless of the presence of LPS. In contrast, FBS interfered with the production of all the cytokines evaluated in this study, affecting the response induced by the presence of LPS. Conclusion FBS increased APC metabolism in a concentration-dependent manner and differentially affected the production of TGF-β1, OPG, IL-6, and CCL2 by APCs in vitro.

18.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 82: e0058, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521784

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever e validar um modelo oftalmológico para treinamento de transplante e microssutura de córnea utilizando globo ocular bovino. Métodos Para a montagem do modelo de treinamento, o globo ocular foi disposto sob o campo cirúrgico, apoiado sobre um recipiente plástico cilíndrico comum de 3,5cm de diâmetro, para a retirada da córnea. Foi realizada uma incisão circular superficial, e, posteriormente, uma tesoura Castroviejo curva de 9 cm foi utilizada para remoção completa da córnea, que foi recolocada em sua posição original, para que, em seguida, fossem confeccionados nove pontos equidistantes, usando fio de nylon 10-0. Por fim, foram avaliados os seguintes critérios: tempo de realização das suturas; evolução do tempo e da qualidade a cada teste; e destreza e aperfeiçoamento da realização das suturas. Resultados O modelo descrito demonstrou-se viável e adequado para o treinamento de microssuturas na córnea, possibilitando aperfeiçoamento e ganho de habilidades cirúrgicas. Conclusão O modelo de treinamento microcirúrgico apresentado possui alta viabilidade para a simulação de cirurgias oftalmológicas e textura semelhante à do olho humano real, o que o torna próximo à realidade.


ABSTRACT Objective To describe and validate an ophthalmic model for corneal transplantation and micro suture training using a bovine eyeball as a model. Methods For the training model, the eyeball was placed under the sanitary field placed on the ends of a common 3.5cm diameter cylindrical plastic container for corneal removal. A superficial circular incision was made, then 9cm curved Castroviejo scissors were used for complete corneal removal. The cornea was replaced in its original position, and 10-0 nylon thread was used to perform the sutures, with 9 equidistant stitches. Finally, the following criteria were evaluated: suturing time, time and quality progression in each attempt, dexterity and suturing improvement. Results The described model proved to be feasible and suitable for corneal micro suture training, allowing improvement and gain of dexterity in the sport. Conclusion The presented microsurgical training model has a high feasibility for the simulation of ophthalmic surgeries, in addition to a texture similar to the real human eye, which makes it close to reality.


Subject(s)
Animals , Ophthalmology/education , Corneal Transplantation/education , Models, Animal , Simulation Training/methods , Microsurgery/education , Teaching Materials , Cattle , Suture Techniques/education , Education, Medical , Models, Anatomic
19.
Rev. med. vet. zoot ; 69(3): 268-280, sep.-dic. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1424221

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Mycoplasma spp. is reported as a highly contagious mastitis-causing bacteria in dairy cattle, without successful or low response to most common antibiotic treatments due to the lack of cell wall. In Colombia it has been reported in the Central Andean region during 2014. The aim was to estimate the prevalence of Mycoplasma spp. in bulk tank milk using microbiological and molecular diagnosis. A random longitudinal study enrolling 220 commercial dairy farms located in four provinces of the mid-western region of Colombia from four pasteurizer companies was performed. Bulk tank milk samples were collected once monthly for three months period for determining somatic cell count (SCC) and microbiological and molecular diagnosis of Mycoplasma spp. cultures were done without pre-enrichment procedures directly in mycoplasma agar with cefoperazone to inhibit growth of opportunistic microorganisms, plates were incubated under 37° C and atmosphere of 10% CO2 and inspected during a 10d period. Molecular analysis was done by a multiplex PCR using specific primers targeting the 16S-23S rARN gene of Mycoplasma spp. and from non-pathogenic bacteria occasionally found in milk. LnSCC average of included dairy farms was 6.19 x103 cells/mL, Mycoplasma spp. was not isolated during microbiological cultures, and no DNA belonging to the species was detected by PCR in the 220 bulk tanks milk, with an estimated prevalence lower than 2.3%. This finding shows that there is not microbiological or molecular evidence that demonstrates the presence of the pathogen in the milk from the mid-western region of Colombia at herd level.


RESUMEN Mycoplasma spp. está descrito como una bacteria causante de mastitis altamente contagiosa en ganado lechero, sin o con baja respuesta a tratamientos antibióticos convencionales debido a que carece de pared celular. En Colombia ha sido reportado en la región Andina Central durante 2014. El objetivo fue estimar la prevalencia de Mycoplasma spp. en leche de tanques de enfriamiento empleando diagnósticos microbiológicos y moleculares. Se realizó un estudio aleatorio longitudinal que incluyó 220 lecherías comerciales en cuatro departamentos del centro-occidente colombiano acopiadas por cuatro compañías pasteurizadoras. Se recolectaron muestras de leche del tanque de enfriamiento mensualmente durante tres meses para determinar el recuento de células somáticas (SCC) y el diagnóstico microbiològico y molecular de Mycoplasma spp. Los cultivos se realizaron sin procedimientos de preenriquecimiento directamente en agar micoplasma con cefoperazona para inhibir crecimiento de microorganismos oportunistas, los agares se incubaron a 37° C con una atmosfera del 10% CO2 e inspeccionados durante 10d. Los análisis moleculares se realizaron por PCR multiplex usando cebadores específicos para los genes 16S-23S rRNA del Mycoplasma spp. y de algunas bacterias oportunistas ocasionales en la leche. El promedio del LnSCC fue de 6.19 x103 células/ mL, Mycoplasma spp. no fue aislado de los cultivos microbiológicos y no se encontró ADN de a esta especie mediante PCR en los 220 tanques de leche. Lo anterior indica una prevalencia estimada menor a 2,3%. Se concluye que no existe evidencia micro-biológica ni molecular para demostrar la presencia del patógeno en la leche de la región centro-occidente colombiana a nivel de hato.

20.
Int. j. morphol ; 40(6): 1546-1551, dic. 2022. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421808

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The anatomy study is part of the basic cycle of disciplines that composes Veterinary Medicine college curriculum, and its comprehension is essential for other courses subject understanding. However, the current student's profile, the reduced time frame of superior education programs, and the multidisciplinary approach nowadays have made anatomy teaching method outdated and ineffective. Addressing the problem we developed an interactive and multidisciplinary platform based on the blended learning methodology, which could serve as a valuable tool for bovine neuroanatomy comprehension. To produce a new study tool, photos from bovine specimens fixed in formaldehyde, platinated brain pieces sectioned in a metameric order, as well as histological slides of the bovine central nervous system were used. These materials were applied to photos and schemes production, that were correlated with image exams correlation, as well as written content and videotaped classes. The obtained content was compiled into a digital platform, that can serve as an effective additional method to bovine central nervous system study. Furthermore, our results serve as a guide for the development of other blended learning methodologies in veterinary medicine and anatomy teaching. The platform provides a great tool for those who wish to accomplish a better understanding of bovine neuroanatomy and its clinical, surgical and image diagnosis correlations.


El estudio de la anatomía forma parte del ciclo básico de disciplinas que componen el currículo de la facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, y su comprensión es fundamental para el entendimiento de las materias de otros cursos. Sin embargo, el perfil del estudiante actual, la reducción de los tiempos de los programas de educación superior y el enfoque multidisciplinario actual han hecho que el método de enseñanza de la anatomía sea obsoleto e ineficaz. Abordando el problema desarrollamos una plataforma interactiva y multidisciplinar basada en la metodología blended learning, que podría servir como una valiosa herramienta para la comprensión de la neuroanatomía bovina. Para producir una nueva herramienta de estudio, se utilizaron fotografías de especímenes bovinos fijados en formaldehído, piezas de cerebro plastinadas y seccionadas en un orden metamérico, así como láminas histológicas del sistema nervioso central bovino. Estos materiales se utilizaron en la producción de fotos y esquemas, que se correlacionaron con exámenes de imágenes, así como contenido escrito y clases grabadas en video. El contenido obtenido se compiló en una plataforma digital, que puede servir como un método adicional y eficaz para el estudio del sistema nervioso central bovino. Además, nuestros resultados sirven como guía para el desarrollo de otras metodologías de aprendizaje semipresencial en la enseñanza de la medicina veterinaria y la anatomía. La plataforma proporciona una gran herramienta para aquellos que deseen lograr una mejor comprensión de la neuroanatomía bovina y sus correlaciones clínicas, quirúrgicas y de diagnóstico por imágenes.


Subject(s)
Animals , User-Computer Interface , Cattle/anatomy & histology , Central Nervous System/anatomy & histology , Neuroanatomy/education , Software , Education, Veterinary , Plastination , Learning
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