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1.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1022760

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the detection rate and grading diagnostic value of ultra-wide field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(UWF SS-OCTA)combined with ultra-wide field scanning laser ophthalmoscopy(UWF SLO)in diabetic retinopathy(DR)lesions.Methods In this cross-sectional study,diabetic patients attending the Ophthalmology Department of Sichuan Provincial Peoples Hospital were recruited.All participants underwent UWF SS-OC-TA,UWF SLO and fundus fluorescein angiography to detect DR lesions,including microaneurysms(MA),intraretinal hem-orrhages(IRH),nonperfusion areas(NPAs),intraretinal microvascular abnormalities(IRMAs),venous beading(VB),neovascularization elsewhere(NVE),neovascularization of the optic disc(NVD),and vitreous hemorrhage(VH).The re-sults of the combination of three imaging examinations(triple imaging)were used as the standards,evaluating the detec-tion rate and severity grading consistency in DR lesions of pairwise combinations of different imaging modalities.Results A total of 101 patients(175 eyes)were included.Compared with the triple imaging results,the detection rates of UWF SS-OCTA combined with UWF SLO for MA,IRH,NPAs,IRMAs,NVE,NVD and VH were 91%,83%,77%,69%,27%,10%and 12%,respectively,with Kappa values of 0.812,1.000,1.000,1.000,0.986,0.970 and 1.000.Compared with the triple imaging results,the combination of UWF SS-OCTA and UWF SLO demonstrated excellent consistency in grading the severity of DR(Kappa=0.943).Conclusion UWF SS-OCTA combined with UWF SLO can accurately identify MA,IRH,NPAs,IRMAs,NVE,NVD and VH,demonstrating high accuracy in DR screening and grading diagnosis,making it suitable for large-scale screening and management of DR in clinical practice.

2.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1027932

ABSTRACT

Objective:pH low insertion peptide (pHLIP)-variant 7 (var7)-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) was used to explore an accurate imaging tool that targeted burn wounds to better perform burn debridement.Methods:Twelve rat models of burn wound were established and pHLIP-var7-FITC with different concentrations (0.5, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ml) were injected from the rat tail vein for in vivo fluorescence imaging. By determining the concentration of fluorescent conjugates to the burn wound, the scope of wound injury necrosis was judged by combining pathological sections, and its residue and toxicity in important organs such as heart, liver, kidneys, and brain were detected. The Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, Bonferroni correction method and one-way analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Results:Within 24 h, the fluorescence photons per unit area of the burn wound in the group of 0.5 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml were 1.49(1.31, 1.65), 2.46(1.88, 2.68), 2.77 (1.94, 3.10)×10 7 p·s -1·cm -2·Sr -1, with significant differences in the overall distribution of fluorescence photons ( H=73.55, P<0.001). The fluorescence intensity was stronger in the group with higher concentration, but with no significant difference in the number of fluorescence photons between the group of 1.5 mg/ml and 2.0 mg/ml ( P=0.263, Bonferroni correction method). At 14 time points (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 12, 24 h), there was no significant difference in the overall mean of fluorescence photons ( F=1.04, P=0.419), and the tissue with burn necrosis seen in tissue sections was highly consistent with the fluorescence imaging region. There was no obvious fluorescence residue in the heart, liver, kidney and brain sections. Conclusion:In superficial second-degree burn tissue, pHLIP-var7-FITC can accurately target and gather on the burn wound within 24 h, showing a clear boundary between burn tissue and normal tissue, which can assist clinical surgical debridement to determine the extent of injury.

3.
International Eye Science ; (12): 1345-1348, 2024.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1038558

ABSTRACT

AIM: To assess the gap between the peak of the base curve to the surface of the cornea, as well as examines the correlation between the thickness of the tear film and the fitting of the orthokeratology lens through optical coherence tomography(OCT), providing an intuitive and quantitative clinical evaluation method for the fitting of the orthokeratology lens.METHODS: Myopia patients who fitted orthokeratology at our hospital from January to December 2023 were included. Examinations, including naked vision, slit lamp, non-contact intraocular pressure, ocular fundus, eye position, corneal diameter, corneal topography, tear film rupture time, optometry, etc., were performed on all patients before fitting. The trial lens parameter was selected according to the examination results, and fluorescein staining was performed to evaluate lens fitting state after patients adapted to wearing glasses. According to the performance of fluorescein staining, the inspected eyes are divided into three groups: lens loose group, lens fitting group, and lens tight group. In addition, the tear film thickness of three groups of subjects was measured by OCT, and the differences between the three groups of data were evaluated.RESULTS: A total of 49 myopic patients(77 eyes)were included. The average sphere degree was -3.10±1.25 D, the average cylinder degree was -0.43(-0.75, 0)D, the average horizontal keratometry(HK)was 42.48±0.81 D, and vertical keratometry(VK)was 42.98(42.25, 43.50)D. There were 21 cases(34 eyes)in the lens fitting group, with 13 cases of bilateral eyes, 8 cases of one eye, 14 cases(22 eyes)in the lens loose group, with 8 cases of bilateral eyes, 6 cases of one eye, and 14 cases(21 eyes)in the lens tight group, with 7 cases of bilateral eyes, 7 cases of one eye. There was no statistical difference in the main basic data of the subjects in the three groups(all P&#x003E;0.05). OCT showed that the tear film thickness of the lens fitting group, the lens loose group, and the lens tight group was 231.18(219.0, 243.0), 220.41(214.0, 224.3), and 249.00(241.5, 258.0)μm, respectively, and there was statistical significance in the thickness among the three groups(P&#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: OCT can serve as a safe and reliable method for measuring the tear film thickness, which can help evaluate the suitability of orthokeratology and provide a non-invasive, more intuitive, and quantitative evaluation method for the fitting and evaluation of orthokeratology.

4.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; Arq. bras. oftalmol;87(6): e2022, 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520246

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate using optical coherence tomography angiography the macular and optic nerve head blood flow in pediatric patients with epilepsy treated with levetiracetam for at least 12 months. Methods: This study included 33 pediatric patients with epilepsy and 30 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteer children were included in the study. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to evaluate the optic nerve head and macular perfusion changes. The mean ocular perfusion pressures were also calculated. Patients who were using multiple antiepileptic drugs or had a prior history of using different drugs were excluded. Results: The choriocapillaris flow area was significantly lower in the Study Group than in the Control Group (p=0.006). However, the foveal avascular zone and vessel densities of the macula in the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus, and optic nerve head of the study group were not significantly different from those of the control group (p>0.05). Moreover, no significant difference in means of mean ocular perfusion pressure was found between the two groups (p=0.211). No obvious correlation was found between treatment duration and optical coherence tomography angiography parameters or mean ocular perfusion pressure. Conclusion: Choroidal perfusion was reduced in children taking levetiracetam compared with that in the control group, whereas retinal perfusion was not affected in this optical coherence tomography angiography study.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar através de angiotomografia de coerência óptica o fluxo sanguíneo macular e da cabeça do nervo óptico em pacientes pediátricos com epilepsia tratados com levetiracetam por pelo menos 12 meses. Método: Trinta e três pacientes pediátricos com epilepsia e 30 crianças voluntárias saudáveis pareadas por sexo e idade foram incluídos no estudo. A angiotomografia de coerência óptica foi utilizada para avaliar as alterações da perfusão da cabeça do nervo óptico e da macular. As médias das pressões de perfusão ocular também foram calculadas. Pacientes em uso de múltiplas drogas antiepilépticas ou com história prévia de uso de diferentes drogas foram excluídos do estudo. Resultado: A área do fluxo coriocapilar foi significativamente menor no Grupo Estudo do que no Grupo Controle (p=0,006). Entretanto, a zona avascular foveal e as densidades vasculares no plexo capilar superficial e profundo da região macular e na cabeça do nervo óptico não foram significativamente diferentes daquelas de olhos saudáveis (p>0,05). Também não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos em relação às médias da pressão de perfusão ocular (p=0,211). Nenhuma correlação aparente foi encontrada entre a duração do tratamento e os parâmetros da angiotomografia de coerência óptica ou a média da pressão de perfusão ocular. Conclusão: Em crianças usando levetiracetam, a perfusão coroidal mostrou-se reduzida em comparação ao grupo controle, enquanto a perfusão retiniana não foi afetada neste estudo com angiotomografia de coerência óptica.

5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; Arq. bras. oftalmol;87(3): e2022, 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1550036

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of upper eyelid blepharoplasty with the removal of the skin and a strip of orbicularis oculi muscle on the ocular surface, tear film, and dry eye-related symptoms. Methods: Twenty-two eyes of 22 consecutive patients operated by a single surgeon (21 females; mean age, 61 years; age range, 41-75 years) were included. All subjects completed the Ocular Surface Disease Index questionnaire, underwent in vivo confocal microscopy, tear film breakup time measurements, the Schirmer test with anesthesia, and fluorescein and lissamine green staining measurements before, 1 month, and 6 months after upper blepharoplasty alone with preseptal orbicularis excision. Results: A significant increase in Ocular Surface Disease Index, and corneal fluorescein and lissamine green staining and a significant decrease in tear film breakup time were observed after 1 month (p=0.003, p=0.004, p=0.029, and p=0.024 respectively) and 6 months (p=0.001 for all findings). No significant difference in the Schirmer test score was observed during the follow-up. None of the in vivo confocal microscopy parameters showed significant changes during the study. Conclusions: An increase in dry eye symptoms and a decrease in tear film stability along with ocular surface staining were observed in patients undergoing upper eyelid blepharoplasty.

6.
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-230296

ABSTRACT

Rice holds a vital position among staple crops worldwide, serving as a primary source of essential nutrition for a significant portion of the global population. Rice production is currently plagued by several problems causing a decline in crop yields. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a set of farming practices designed to improve the productivity and sustainability of rice cultivation. One of the reasons for the sustainability of SRI has been attributed to enhanced below-ground soil microbial processes around the SRI plant root system. This study assessed the effect of SRI and Normal Transplanting (NTP) cultivation methods on rhizospheric soil microbial populations, phyto-hormones, soil enzyme activities under four different nitrogen (N) treatments under a station trial and in on-farms experiments farmer’s. Rhizosphere soils and root samples of SRI exhibited significantly higher microbial population, microbial diversity, phyto - hormone production, enzyme activities in station trail. Among different levels of nitrogen fertilizer applications, treatments receiving 50% organic + 50% inorganic N forms possessed significantly higher microbiota and their activities. On farm trials also exhibited similar trends as the station trial. In conclusion, the study highlights the positive effects of SRI cultivation combined with a balanced organic and inorganic nitrogen treatment on soil microbial populations and phyto-hormone production and soil enzyme activities which could have an influence of system sustainability.

7.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2023 Aug; 71(8): 3085-3090
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225184

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To characterize the relationship between diabetic macular ischemia (DMI) delineated by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and microaneurysms (MAs) identified by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). Methods: Patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) who underwent OCTA and FFA were retrospectively identified. FFA images were cropped and aligned with their respective OCTA images using i2k Align Retina software (Dual?Align, Clifton Park, NY, USA). Foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and ischemic areas were manually delineated on OCTA images, and MAs were marked on the corresponding FFA images before overlaying paired scans for analysis (ImageJ; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA). Results: Twenty?eight eyes of 20 patients were included. The average number of MAs identified in cropped FFA images was 127 ± 42. More DMI was noted in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP; 36 ± 13%) compared to the deep capillary plexus (DCP; 28 ± 14%, P < 0.001). Similarly, more MAs were associated with ischemic areas in SCP compared to DCP (92.0 ± 35.0 vs. 76.8 ± 36.5, P < 0.001). Most MAs bordered ischemic areas; fewer than 10% localized inside these regions. As DMI area increased, so did associated MAs (SCP: r = 0.695, P < 0.001; DCP: r = 0.726, P < 0.001). Density of MAs surrounding FAZ (7.7 ± 6.0 MAs/mm2) was similar to other DMI areas (SCP: 7.0 ± 4.0 MAs/mm2, P = 0.478; DCP: 9.2 ± 10.9 MAs/mm2, P = 0.394). Conclusion: MAs identified in FFA strongly associate with, and border areas of, DMI delineated by OCTA. Although more MAs are localized to SCP ischemia, the concentration of MAs associated with DCP ischemia is greater. By contrast, few MAs are present inside low?flow regions, likely because capillary loss is associated with their regression.

8.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2023 Aug; 71(8): 3080-3084
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225183

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To analyze the topographic distribution of neovascularization (NV) and capillary nonperfusion (CNP) using ultra?wide field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Methods: This was a prospective, single?center, observational study in which all patients who presented between March 2019 and December 2020 and satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited. In our study, patients with treatment?naïve PDR without any fibrovascular proliferation underwent UWFFA. The images were analyzed qualitatively for the topographic distribution of NV and the CNP area was quantified. The number of lesions picked by UWFFA was compared with 7 standard field (7SF) image using overlay of 7SF. The main outcome measure was characteristics of neovascularization, such as the number, location, and area of CNP, measured using UWFFA, which was considered with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Two hundred and fifty?three eyes of 187 patients with a mean age of 56.03 ± 8 years were included. Mean neovascularization elsewhere (NVE) was 2.91 ± 3.43. Maximum NVEs were seen in the superotemporal (ST; 0.9 ± 1.13) quadrant, followed by the inferotemporal (IT; 0.7 ± 1.08), inferonasal (IN; 0.66 ± 1.02) and superonasal (SN; 0.66 ± 1.01) quadrants. Maximum CNP area was seen in the SN (13.75 ± 8.83 disc diameter square [DD2]) quadrant, followed by the IN (13.48 ± 8.59 DD2), IT (11.34 ± 8.37 DD2), and ST (11.3 ± 8.34 DD2) quadrants. Mean CNP area was maximum in patients with only neovascularization of disc (NVD; 64.99 ± 41.47 DD2), followed by both NVD and NVE (61.37 ± 35.61 DD2), and was minimum in patients with only NVE (36.44 ± 22.03 DD2). Eighty?one (32%) eyes out of 253 had NVE and 189 (75%) out of 253 had CNP area outside 7SF (overlay) of Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). Conclusion: Diabetic NV lesions and CNP areas are distributed asymmetrically throughout the retina and are not restricted to the posterior pole. Compared to conventional 7SF imaging, UWFFA reveals significantly more retinal vascular pathology in patients with PDR.

9.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2023 May; 71(5): 2323
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225073

ABSTRACT

Background: Dyes are substances that are an integral part of ocular procedures and surgeries. In Clinical practice, dyes help in better visualization and aid in diagnoses of ocular surface disorders. In Surgical practice, dyes help in better resolution of the structures that are otherwise naked to the surgeon’s eyes. Purpose: To educate ophthalmologists about the importance and uses of dyes. Synopsis: Dyes have become an important part of an ophthalmologists' clinical as well as surgical practice. This video aims at educating the different characteristics, uses, advantages and disadvantages of each dye. Dyes help in identifying the obscure and highlighting the invisible. The indications and contraindications as well as the side effects of each dye are discussed which would help ophthalmologists in the correct usage of these wonder substances. This video will also help the new eye doctors understand and utilize these dyes judiciously which would aid in their learning process and provide better patient care. Highlights: This video highlights the uses, indications, contraindications and side effects of all the dyes used in ophthalmology

10.
Chinese Journal of Trauma ; (12): 919-924, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1026973

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of indocyanine green angiography in monitoring blood perfusion of free perforator flap during repair surgery of limb soft tissue defect.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 26 patients who underwent free perforator flap repair of soft tissue defects in the limbs in Xingtai General Hospital of North China Medical and Health Group from August 2019 to October 2022. The patients included 21 males and 5 females, aged 20-59 years [(39.5±4.1)years]. The wound size ranged from 2.0 cm×5.0 cm to 12.0 cm×16.0 cm. The time from injury to surgery was 5-30 days [(16.2±1.9)days]. During the surgery, indocyanine green angiography was used to evaluate the blood perfusion in the flap area after the free perforator flap was completely cut but before the vascular pedicle was not cut off, and immediately after the free perforator flap was anastomosed with the recipient area′s blood vessels and sutured with surrounding tissues. Consistency testing was performed on the degree of blood perfusion of the skin flap displayed by two indocyanine green angiography tests to determine whether the anastomosis of the skin flap was unobstructed after transplantation. On 14 days after surgery, the second indocyanine green angiography technique was applied to measure the survival of flaps in patients with sufficient blood perfusion. The difference between the poor blood perfusion in the flap arearevealed by indocyanine green angiography technique and the actual necrosis occurrence in this part was compared. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value, and positive predictive value of indocyanine green angiography were calculated for evaluating blood perfusion in the flap area.Results:All the patients were followed up for 14-21 days [(17.4±3.5)days]. Two indocyanine green angiography tests showed strong consistency in blood perfusion in the flap area, with no statistically significant difference (Kappa coefficients of 1.00, P<0.01). All the patients had unobstructed anastomosis after flap transplantation. On 14 days after surgery, the second indocyanine green angiography test showed all skin flap areas as grade 1 in 11 patients, with the worst developed areas as grade 2 in 7 patients, grade 3 in 5, and grade 4 in 3. All the flaps survived in the 18 patients with flaps showing grade 1 development and the worst part showing grade 2 development; among the 8 patients with the worst developed areas being grade 3 and grade 4, 5 patients were found with skin flap necrosis (full thickness or superficial) in the areas with poor blood supply, and the skin flap survived well in 3 patients. Indocyanine green angiography in evaluating blood perfusion in the flap area showed the sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 0.46, 1.00), the specificity of 85.71% (95% CI 0.63, 0.96), the accuracy of 88.46% (95% CI 0.76, 1.00), the negative predictive value of 100% (95% CI 0.78, 1.00), and the positive predictive value of 62.50% (95% CI 0.26, 0.90). Conclusion:Indocyanine green angiography has good real-time imaging effect, with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, making it an objective method for monitoring the blood flow status of skin flaps and predicting skin flap necrosis.

11.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-995636

ABSTRACT

With high morbidity, branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) is a common retinal vascular disease in the clinic. Although the classic characteristics of BRVO have been recognized for a long time, the traditional understanding of BRVO has been challenged along with development and application of new imaging technologies, including the reasonable classification and staging of the disease, and the vascular characteristics at the occlusive site via multimodal imaging, etc. Thus, re-summarizing and refining these features as well as further improving and optimizing traditional imaging evaluation, can not only deepen the correct acknowledge of the entity, but also find biomarkers of prognosis of visual function, which is helpful to establish better diagnosis and treatment strategy. In the meanwhile, it is necessary that clinical characteristics of BRVO on imaging and the reliability of these imaging techniques are worth correct understanding and objective assessment.

12.
International Eye Science ; (12): 1787-1792, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-996885

ABSTRACT

AIM: To observe the structural and functional changes of retinal tissue in rats after different duration of intense blue light irradiation.METHODS: A total of 48 healthy 8-week-old SD male rats were selected and randomly divided into the control group(n=12)and 3, 6 and 12h experimental groups(n=36). The rats in the control group received natural light, and the rats in the experimental groups received blue light with a wavelength of 465±5nm and the illumination of 1000±100lx for 3, 6, and 12h each day. Optical coherence tomography(OCT), fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)and haematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining of paraffin pathological section were used to observe the changes of the retinal thickness, retinal tissue structure and the function in different directions and layers.RESULTS: The OCT results showed that the retinal thickness in the superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal sides of rats in different groups was statistically significant(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05), and there was no statistical significant difference between the control group and the 3h experimental group in the total retinal thickness(P&#x0026;#x003E;0.05), while the differences between any other two groups were statistically significant(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05); The mean total retinal thickness, internal limiting membrane(ILM)-inner nuclear layer(INL)thickness, outer plexiform layer(OPL)-outer segment(OS)thickness and retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)of rats in each group were statistically significant(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05), and the mean total retinal thickness and OPL-OS thickness were statistically significant between any two groups(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). The ILM-INL thickness of rats in the control group and 3 and 12h experimental groups was statistically significant(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05), and the thickness of RPE layer in the 12h experimental group was statistically different from that of the 3 and 6h experimental groups(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05). FFA results showed that there was no obvious fluorescence leakage in the fundus of rats in the control group and the 3h experimental group, while there was obvious fluorescence leakage and hyperfluorescence in the retina of the 6 and 12h experimental groups, and the background fluorescence of choroid was enhanced. HE staining showed the atrophy and apoptosis of cells in the optic cell layer, and some lightly stained nucleus. In addition, RPE layer showed atrophy and thinned with the increase of light time, and there was significant difference in the number of the optic cells between the control group and experimental group(P&#x0026;#x003C;0.05).CONCLUSION: The intense blue light irradiation could cause thinning of the retina in rats, with varying degrees of thinning in different layers of the retina. It could also led to decrease and even disappearance of the number of cells in the visual cell layer, the focal atrophy of the RPE layer, and the change of vascular permeability. With the extension of the light time, the structural and functional changes in retinal tissue became more obvious.

13.
International Eye Science ; (12): 2012-2016, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-998481

ABSTRACT

Retinal vascular bed area(RVBA)is the total area of retinal vasculature segmented by ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography(UWFA)images, and is an objective absolute value in square millimeter. RVBA is mainly affected by the diameter and length of retinal vessels, and whether RVBA increases or decreases depends on the “competition” between ischemia and angiogenesis, indicating subtle changes in retinal vascular morphology. As a new indicator for the study of retinal vascular diseases, RVBA may have higher stability and accuracy than the ischemia index(ISI)and non-perfusion area(NPA). RVBA is currently mainly used to evaluate the progression and prognosis of diabetic retinopathy(DR). It was found that retinal total RVBA in DR eyes was greater than the normal eyes and it decreased in DR eyes after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)treatment. These findings provide favorable support for the study of microvascular lesions in DR. In this article, the application of RVBA in DR was reviewed to provide a reference for the clinical study of RVBA in other retinal vascular diseases such as retinal vein occlusion(RVO).

14.
International Eye Science ; (12): 395-399, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964236

ABSTRACT

Retinal arterial macroaneurysm(RAM)is a kind of acquired retinal vascular disorder. The pathogenesis of RAM is not yet clear, and it is associated with some systemic conditions, including hypertension, arteriosclerosis and hyperlipidemia. RAM is prone to exudation or bleeding, leading to some other complications in the condition of hypertension due to the weak tube wall, and its clinical manifestations are complex and diverse, which makes it difficult to diagnose. RAM itself has a tendency of self-degeneration, and the prognosis of visual acuity is good if the lesion doesn't involve the macular area. However, when the macula is affected by exudation and/or bleeding, the vision is severely affected and some feasible treatments are needed. Understanding the typical imaging manifestations of RAM is helpful to make a definite diagnosis and give corresponding treatment measures. In this paper, the manifestations of RAM by various examination methods are reviewed and the corresponding treatments of different types of RAM are summarized, aiming to provide reference for the early diagnosis and treatment of RAM in the future.

15.
Yao Xue Xue Bao ; (12): 156-161, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-964287

ABSTRACT

Galectin-3 (Gal-3) belongs to the galectin family and is specific in binding β-galactoside. Through its C-terminal domain, Gal-3 binds to the galactoside group of the glycosylated insulin receptor (IR) and inhibits IR signaling pathway, which leads to the insulin resistance. Thus, Gal-3 is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Here we report a simple Gal-3 screening model based on the property that Gal-3 binds to the galactoside. We expressed and purified human Gal-3 in Escherichia coli (E.coli), and labeled it with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) in vitro. After incubating FITC labeled Gal-3 (Gal-3-FITC) with PANC-1 cells, which express glycosylated membrane protein, PANC-1 cells started to show green fluorescent signal due to the Gal-3-FITC binding to the glycosylated membrane protein. Gal-3 inhibitor disrupts the binding of Gal-3-FITC and PANC1 cells, subsequently leads to the decrease of the fluorescent signal in PANC-1 cells. We can evaluate the inhibitory efficiency of Gal-3 inhibitors through measurement of the fluorescent signal. Further studies show this model is simple, stable, and repeatable with a Z' factor between 0.7 and 0.85. In sum, we have successfully established an in vitro high-throughput screening model for Gal-3 inhibitors.

16.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990805

ABSTRACT

Objective:To quantitatively evaluate the retinal ischemia in different retinal regions of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients in ultra-widefield fluorescein fundus angiography (UWFA) images with ischemic index (ISI), and to explore its correlation with diabetic macular edema (DME).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Seventy-nine eyes of 79 patients with DR were enrolled in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from September 2017 to October 2020, including 44 males (44 eyes) and 35 females (35 eyes) aged 31 to 73 years old, with an average age of (55.95±8.80) years.UWFA and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were performed in all patients.Patients were divided into DME group (37 eyes) and non-DME group (42 eyes) according to the presence or absence of DME in OCT images.The retina in middle phase UWFA images were divided into posterior, middle peripheral and far peripheral regions by ImageJ software, and ISI in each region was calculated.Central macular thickness (CMT) was automatically calculated using the built-in software of the OCT equipment.The correlation between ISI and CMT was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (No.WDRY2019-K037). Written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical examination.Results:The ISI of the total, posterior, middle peripheral and far peripheral retina was 2.460 (0.603, 5.640)%, 2.670 (1.062, 9.574)%, 1.382 (0.245, 4.378)% and 0.000 (0.000, 1.262)%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference among different regions ( χ2=65.307, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in ISI between the total and far peripheral, the posterior and middle peripheral, the posterior and far peripheral, the middle and far peripheral (all at P<0.01). ISI of the total, posterior and middle peripheral retina in DME group were significantly higher than those in non-DME group ( U=424.000, P=0.001; U=403.000, P<0.001, U=493.000, P=0.005), but there was no significant difference in the ISI of the far peripheral region between the two groups ( U=609.000, P=0.061). There was no statistically significant correlation between ISI and CMT in the total, posterior, middle peripheral and far peripheral retina in DME group ( rs=-0.134, -0.018, -0.152, -0.163; all at P>0.05). Conclusions:The retinal non-perfusion area in DR eyes is mainly located in the posterior and middle peripheral retina.The ISI of the posterior and middle peripheral retina in DME eyes is significantly higher than that in eyes without DME.ISI of each retinal region may not be related to the severity of DME.

17.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-990896

ABSTRACT

Objective:To compare the detection rate and time cost of different imaging methods for retinal and optic disc neovascularization in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Thirty-eight patients (48 eyes) with PDR were enrolled in Henan Eye Hospital from October 2019 to February 2021, including 22 males (28 eyes) and 16 females (20 eyes). The average age of the patients was (51.08±13.35) years.All patients underwent ultra-widefield imaging (UWFI), fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), en face optical coherence tomography (OCT), near-infrared fundus imaging (IR) combined with spectral domain OCT (SD-OCT). Wide field swept-source OCTA (WF-SS-OCTA) was performed in the patients who were unsuitable for FFA.The time required for each examination in one eye and the detection rate of neovascularization at the optic disc (NVD) and retinal neovascularization elsewhere (NVE) were recorded.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2021[22]). All patients were informed about the method and purpose of the study and voluntarily signed the informed consent form.Results:The mean monocular examination time costs of UWFI, IR+ SD-OCT, OCTA+ en face OCT, FFA and WF-SS-OCT was (0.51±0.13), (2.08±0.57), (5.79±0.68), (17.66±1.83) and (13.38±1.23)min, respectively.There was a significant overall difference in the mean monocular examination time among the five methods ( F=2 077.960, P<0.001). The detection rates of UWFI, IR+ SD-OCT, OCTA+ en face OCT, FFA+ WF-SS-OCT for NVE and NVD were 52.1%(25/48) and 12.5%(6/48), 81.3%(39/48) and 20.8%(10/48), 83.3%(40/48) and 27.1%(13/48), 93.8%(45/48) and 29.2%(14/48), respectively.There were significant differences in the detection rates of NVE ( χ2=26.460, P<0.001) but not in the detection rates of NVD ( χ2=4.645, P=0.200) among the various methods.Five neovascular buds were detected by OCTA in 3 eyes, but not by FFA. Conclusions:UWFI and IR+ SD-OCT are faster and non-invasive methods for the screening of NVD and NVE in PDR eyes.Compared with FFA, OCTA and en face OCT can show the shape of neovascularization more clearly.FFA provides a wide-range retinal image, but it is time-consuming and invasive.WF-SS-OCTA extends the examination range of OCTA and detects neovascularization non-invasively and faster than FFA.

18.
Journal of Chinese Physician ; (12): 491-495, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-992328

ABSTRACT

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is a fundus disease that can cause severe visual impairment. At present, the gold standard for the diagnosis of PCV is indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Due to its invasiveness and inconvenience in clinical application, researchers are exploring the use of non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) in clinical diagnosis and follow-up of PCV, and non-invasive diagnostic criteria based on OCT are gradually emerging. However, in the clinical application of this technology, there are still some problems, such as poor imaging effect, unclear diagnosis, over-reliance on OCT technology, complex follow-up situations and so on. This paper intends to review the current situation, new diagnostic criteria and related problems of OCT in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PCV, in order to provide reference for ophthalmologists.

19.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; Arq. bras. oftalmol;86(6): e20230073, 2023. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1520203

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT This is a case report involving a 56-year-old male patient with a history of pars plana vitrectomy due to a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the right eye that resulted in the implantation of a drainage device after the patient developed secondary glaucoma. Two years after the device's implantation, the patient was referred to our care as his visual acuity had decreased to 20/200 (1.00 LogMAR). At the fundus evaluation, a choroidal amelanotic elevation was observed at the upper temporal equator, and a potential diagnosis was made of amelanotic choroidal melanoma. The ultrasound exam visualized the patient's implanted superotemporal justabulbar drainage device, which revealed a transscleral communication from the plate fibrocapsular's draining space to the suprachoroidal space (fistula). The ultrasound also revealed a focal pocket of choroidal detachment in the patient's superotemporal region, simulating an amelanotic choroidal melanoma. A new pars plana vitrectomy was performed to remove the internal limiting membrane without repercussions at the fistula site. The patient's recovery progressed well, and he regained a visual acuity of 20/70 (0.55 LogMAR). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of this condition.


RESUMO Relato de caso de paciente 56 anos, sexo masculino, com histórico de vitrectomia via pars plana por descolamento de retina em olho direito e posterior implante de dispositivo de drenagem por glaucoma secundário. Dois anos após o procedimento foi encaminhado ao serviço por baixa de acuidade visual (AV) de 20/200 (1.00 LogMAR). À fundoscopia, observou-se uma elevação amelanótica temporal no equador com hipótese diagnóstica de melanoma de coroide amelanótico. O exame de ultrassom mostrou implante de dispositivo de drenagem justabulbar temporal superior com comunicação transescleral para espaço subcoroidal (fístula), sugerindo bolsão focal de descolamento de coroide em equador temporal superior simulando melanoma de coroide amelanótico. O paciente foi abordado cirurgicamente devido membrana epirretiniana com nova vitrectomia via pars plana para peeling de membrana limitante interna, sem repercussões no local da fístula, evoluindo bem com acuidade visual de 20/70 (0.55 LogMAR). Ao nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro caso relatado nessa condição.

20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2022 Dec; 70(12): 4430-4433
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-224760

ABSTRACT

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) is usually performed intravenously through injection of sodium fluorescein dye. This procedure is difficult to perform in children and patients who are afraid of intravenous needles. Oral FFA can serve as a useful alternative to intravenous FFA in many cases and gives reliable results. We describe the recommended protocol and technique for doing oral FFA in adults and children

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