Association between type of feeding at hospital discharge and nutritional status of Brazilian very preterm infants: a multicenter study

Abstract Objectives To examine trends over time in diet and size of very preterm infants, and associations of diet with size at hospital discharge/transfer. Methods The authors studied 4062 surviving very preterm infants born < 32 weeks' gestational age and < 1500 g between January 2012 and December 2020 from 12 Brazilian Neonatal Intensive Care Units. Diet type at discharge/transfer was classified as exclusive human milk, exclusive formula, or mixed. Outcomes were weight and head circumference at hospital discharge and the change in each from birth to discharge. The authors used linear regression to estimate adjusted associations of diet type with infant size, overall, and stratified by fetal growth category (small vs. appropriate for gestational age). The authors also examined trends in diet and infant size at discharge over the years. Results Infants' mean gestational age at birth was 29.3 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1136 g. Diet at discharge/transfer was exclusive human milk for 22 %, mixed for 62 %, and exclusive formula for 16 %. Infant size in weight and head circumference were substantially below the growth chart reference for all diets. Infants fed human milk and mixed diets were lighter and had smaller heads at discharge/transfer than infants fed formula only (weight z: −2.0, −1.8, and −1.5; head z: −1.3, −1.2 and −1.1 for exclusive human milk, mixed and exclusive formula respectively). Conclusion Results suggest high human milk use but gaps in nutrient delivery among hospitalized Brazilian very preterm infants, with little evidence of improvement over time.

Food Choices Of Vegetarian And Non-Vegetarian Mothers During Pregnancy - An Investigative Study In Madhya Pradesh

Nutrition is a science which focuses on the overall nourishment of the body and impacts health. A well-balanced diet is very important for pregnancy, which is rich in nutrients and good for normal birth weight and fetal health. Nutritional deficiency during pregnancy is very common and it results in extreme neonatal and pregnancy outcomes. Hence, this study was conducted with an aim to study the food choices of vegetarian and non-vegetarian mothers during pregnancy in Madhya Pradesh. This study explores dietary habits of various pregnant women and suggest vital nutrients for healthy pregnancy and offspring. A self-structured questionnaire was used to conduct an online survey on pregnant mothers to determine their food habits and dietary patterns. The questionnaire included various closed-ended questions based on 5-point Likert scale. The survey responses have been interpreted and analyzed using SPSS software and Excel spreadsheet. It is observed that pregnant women consumed average Indian food in their diet like lentils, rice, beans, salt, oils, roots, etc. during the study period. None of them consumed carbonated beverages or alcohol. Milk was the only source of vitamin B12 which they consumed every day. They also consumed non-vegetarian food items like eggs, meat, fish, chicken, etc. occasionally. Their dietary intake was highly affected by religious and cultural factors, lack of food, and financial constraints

Ragi Revolution: Enhancing Dietary Practices through Nutritional Education and Local Food Systems Implementation

Ragi (Eleusine coracana), commonly known as finger millet, is a nutrient-rich cereal that remains underutilized in modern diets despite its high calcium, iron, and dietary fiber content. This examines how ready-to-eat ragi-based supplementary foods, combined with effective nutrition education, can drive behavioral changes to incorporate ragi into daily diets and local food systems. The increasing availability of ready-to-eat ragi products offers an accessible solution for improving nutrition, but challenges remain in terms of consumer acceptance due to unfamiliarity and taste preferences. This paper focuses on the role of nutrition education in reshaping dietary behaviour, emphasizing case studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of targeted interventions in promoting ragi consumption. Additionally, it explores strategies for integrating ragi into public nutrition programs and sustainable food systems, highlighting the importance of community-driven efforts and public-private partnerships. The review also discusses the role of policy support and multi-stakeholder collaboration in fostering ragi抯 cultivation and incorporation into local food systems. By examining behavioural change strategies such as social marketing and culturally sensitive approaches, this paper presents a roadmap for promoting ragi as a key component of sustainable diets and public health interventions.

Exploring the Impact of Food Labels on Consumer Purchasing Decisions: A Study on Awareness and Preferences

Food labels are an excellent avenue of communication. The food package has assumed the responsibility of communicating relevant information that consumers need to know about the product. The objectives of this study was to understand the impact of food labels on consumer purchasing decisions and also to understand the impact of Demographic variables on awareness and Preference level about Food labels among women consumer in Mysore urban. A total of 200 Housewives between age group of 25-45 years from the residential areas of Mysore Urban and who gave consent to participate in the study were included. The research was based on survey using standardized questionnaire and personal interview. The results showed that 33 percent of the respondents were graduates and 63.5 percent were housewives. The awareness about food labels and the attitude of reading labels was studied and the results were encouraging to note that the entire respondent practiced to read the label information. 70-74 percent of the respondents believed that the label information ascertained the safety of the food for used. There was a positive correlation between the Respondents� score and preference score towards food labels and consumer purchasing decisions. It was evident that demographic profile of the consumers has an impact on the awareness of food label and consumer purchasing decision. It was found (Table 4) that subjects Awareness score positively correlated with attitude score towards food labels (r = 0.7825) and similarly Awareness score was also positively correlated with Preference of the same (r = 0.9704). The results also showed that Attitude and Preference for making purchasing decision had a significant correlation with each other (r= 0.8913). It can be concluded that many demographic factors such as age, occupation, family income and food habits had impact on decision making for purchasing the food products. This results of the present study highlight the needs to improve food labeling, provide education to consumers to raise their awareness on importance of reading and use of food labeling information to make an informed choice of the food.

An Evaluation of Synergy between Consumption of Dairy Products and Yoga for Improved Digestive Health

This article explores the interconnected roles of yoga and dairy in promoting digestive health across various life stages, emphasizing their potential to enhance overall well-being. By investigating the unique digestive challenges faced by children, teenagers, adults, middle-aged individuals, and seniors, the research identifies specific yoga practices and dairy consumption strategies tailored to each age group. The findings reveal that for children Simple poses like Balasana (Child's Pose) and Pavanamuktasana (Wind-Relieving Pose) can promote gut mobility and Ghee and probiotic dairy products are suggested, For teenagers Yoga poses like Ardha Matsyendrasana (Half-Spinal Twist) and Uttanasana (Standing Forward Bend) can aid digestion, relieve stress, and balance hormones and Dairy, such as milk and cheese, can be crucial for the calcium and protein needs of growing bodies can be suggested. Further for Adults the more advanced digestive-friendly poses like Naukasana (Boat Pose) and Paschimottanasana (Seated Forward Bend) to stimulate digestion and Dairy products like kefir, probiotic yogurt, and certain types of cheese can balance gut flora, aiding digestion can be suggested. For seniors (60+) Gentle restorative yoga and seated poses such as Supta Baddha Konasana (Reclined Bound Angle Pose) can stimulate digestion and aid gut health and easy-to-digest dairy products like yogurt or cottage cheese for calcium and protein intake can be suggested. Overall it can be concluded that the synergy between yoga and dairy not only helps alleviate common digestive issues but also improves nutrient absorption and supports holistic health. This comprehensive analysis offers practical insights and age-specific recommendations, serving as a valuable resource for individuals seeking to optimize their digestive health throughout their lifespan. By integrating these two approaches, individuals can foster better digestive function and overall wellness, highlighting the importance of lifestyle choices in maintaining health across all ages.

Accumulation of secondary metabolites in the family Lamiaceae as influenced by foliar micronutrients / Acumulación de metabolitos secundarios en la familia Lamiaceae influenciada por micronutrientes foliares

The Lamiaceae family is rich in secondary metabolites, such as essential oils comprising flavonoids, phenolic compounds, and terpenoids. Micronutrients play a crucial role in plant metabolism and secondary metabolites production. This review summarizes and emphasizes the significance of foliar micronutrient nutrition in facilitating the accumulation of secondary metabolites in the Lamiaceae family, based on research literature from 2010 to 2023 using dependable databases like Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct. Spraying micronutrients notably enhanced the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites in Lamiaceae species, especially for nutrients that do not move easily (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B, and Si). Using nano-micronutrients as foliar application on Lamiaceae medicinal plants was more effective than traditional soil treatment. This review highlighted the importance of additional investigation on Cerium, Titanium, and Boron. Genera such as Lavandula, Satureja, Origanum, Lippia, and Hyssopus require more research in the future.

La familia Lamiaceae es rica en metabolitos secundarios, como aceites esenciales que comprenden flavonoides, compuestos fenólicos y terpenoides. Los micronutrientes desempeñan un papel crucial en el metabolismo de las plantas y la producción de metabolitos secundarios. Esta revisión resume y enfatiza la importancia de la nutrición foliar de micronutrientes para facilitar la acumulación de metabolitos secundarios en la familia Lamiaceae, basándose en la literatura de investigación de 2010 a 2023 utilizando bases de datos confiables como Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed y Science Direct. La pulverización de micronutrientes mejoró notablemente la biosíntesis de varios metabolitos secundarios en especies de Lamiaceae, especialmente para nutrientes que no se mueven fácilmente (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, B y Si). El uso de nano-micronutrientes como aplicación foliar en plantas medicinales de Lamiaceae fue más efectivo que el tratamiento tradicional del suelo. Esta revisión resaltó la importancia de investigaciones adicionales sobre Cerio, Titanio y Boro. Géneros como Lavandula, Satureja, Origanum, Lippia y Hyssopus requieren más investigación en el futuro.

Comprehensive Evaluation into the Pharmacological Potential and Therapeutic Applications of Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jackfruit) Seed Coat [Testa]

Artocarpus heterophyllus (Jack fruit) and its seeds are nutritionally rich packed with proteins, carbohydrates, micronutrients, iron, dietary fibre, vitamin, resistant starch, and antioxidants. They lower the risk of heart diseases, controls blood sugar, promotes weight loss, help in managing stress levels, skin diseases, good eyesight, strengthens immunity of the body, and maintains gut health. The seed coat of jackfruit comprises a thin, waxy, parchment-like testa (husk) and a brown, membranous tegmen. Typically, the white outer membrane of jackfruit seeds is removed and discarded before consumption. In this study, we aimed to assess the nutritional and pharmacological properties of this unexplored slimy, white outer membrane. The methanolic extract of the seed coat membrane [Testa] was obtained using Soxhlet extraction and used for the analysis. Phytochemical analysis of the test sample revealed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, phenols, xanthoprotein, proteins, and phytosterols, with measurable amounts of phenols and proteins. The extract exhibited significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 232 ?g/ml, using the DPPH method, and demonstrated cytotoxic properties. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several compounds with anticancer and antioxidant properties. The results imply that the extract has the potential to serve as an excellent source for antioxidant and anticancer drug in pharmaceutical medicines.

Charting The Implementation Of Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) And Pradhan Mantri Matsya Kisan Samridhi Sah-Yojana (PM-MKSSY) In The State Of Mizoram, India

Fisheries and aquaculture plays an important role in development programmes due to its vital contribution to employment, food & nutritional security, foreign exchange earnings and income for millions, especially the rural populations. For achieving Blue Revolution, a scheme to provide responsible and sustainable fisheries called Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana was approved by Government of India in May, 2020. With an outlay of Rs. 20050 crores, this scheme is set to revolutionise the fisheries sector. In Mizoram, a total of Rs. 3381.14 lakhs project for the State is envisaged for a 5 year period from 2020-21 to 2024-25, in which major activities including hatchery and pond creation, biofloc, brood banks, ice plants and kiosks etc have been created. These activities including enhancement of inland fisheries and aquaculture including its development, including ornamental and recreational fisheries, technology infusion and adaptation and creation of infrastructure and post-harvest management through markets and marketing infrastructure, aquatic health management and fisheries management and regulatory framework, PMMSY and PM- MKSSY is expected to meet the requirements and sustainable development of the fisheries sector.

Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) of Anganwadi Teachers and Asha Workers with Regard to Nutrition Education Intervention

Nutrition is one of the important aspects that deals with good health and wellbeing of people. Nutrition education helps to resolve the nutrition problems by imparting nutrition education and bring desirable changes in terms of Knowledge, Attitude and Practices (KAP). The existing study was conducted to know the knowledge, attitude, and practices of AWW and ASHA抯 with regard to nutrition education for pregnant women and lactating mother. Data was gathered using pre-tested questionnaires with a sample size of 90 respondents chosen from three mandals/Blocks (area) in the Guntur district. Random sampling procedure was used for selection of the respondents. The results of the study found that Anganwadi teachers and ASHA Workers had low to medium level of knowledge, poor attitude and poor practices during baseline test. After implementing intervention programme to the Anganwadi teachers and ASHA Workers for a period of one month a significant improvement in the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices was observed during Endline test (t=10.5; t=10.3). The above findings can be used to plan a digital material on nutrition education interventions which aiming at bringing change in the behavior of the respondents i.e., KAP and it can be used as ready reckoners during sudden epidemics.

District Level Child and Women Nutritional Status in Andhra Pradesh State of India-Food Based Intervention Options for Improvement and Associated Issues

In this study, an attempt has been made to analyse changes in district level child and women nutritional status in Andhra Pradesh, using two latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data pertaining to years 2015-16 and 2019-20. Computing standardized undernutrition, over nutrition and anaemia index, priority districts under the three nutritional issues were identified. Regression analysis indicated that per capita income was able to explain only very low percentage of variation in various nutritional indicators across the districts. Then progress in ongoing efforts towards improving nutritional status through distribution of fortified rice, and development of bio-fortified varieties are documented and associated issues were discussed. Need for co-ordination between different food-based programs for nutritional security, building specific value chains targeting specific consumer category, enforcement of food safety and monitoring mechanisms for proper compliance and implementation of the programs, were identified for accelerating improvement in nutritional status in the state.

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle and nutritional status in children with intestinal failure on prolonged parenteral nutrition

Abstract Objective To compare the phase angle (PhA) through bioelectrical impedance (BIA) of children with intestinal failure (IF) using prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN) followed by an Intestinal Rehabilitation Program, with a control group. Methods Children under 10 years of age with IF using prolonged PN for >60 days (study group) were included. The control group consisted of healthy children without chronic pathologies, matched by sex and age. Anthropometric parameters evaluated were: weight, height, weight/age z-score (W/A), height/age z-score (H/A), BMI, BMI/A z-score, arm circumference, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold, mid-arm muscle circumference. BIA parameters were resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and phase angle (PhA). Results Twenty-eight children were included in the study group, median (IQR) age was 11 (8-27) months, 53.6 % were male. In the control group, 28 children were included, median (IQR) age was 12.5 (8-24.7) months, 50 % were male. Children from the study group had W/A z-scores and H/A z-scores significantly lower than controls. There was no significant difference between PhA in the study group and controls, [median (IQR) 4.3° (3.8;4.6) vs 4.0° (3.8;5.4) respectively, p = 0.980]. Prematurity was significantly higher in the study group than in the controls, but there was no significant correlation between gestational age at birth and PhA of the children from the study group. Conclusion Children with IF using prolonged PN showed lower W/A and H/A compared to the control group, but without significant difference between the PhA of children with IF compared to controls.

The effect of diets with different inflammatory scores on inflammation and sleep in obese subjects: a randomized controlled trial

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different dietary inflammatory index diets on inflammatory markers, anthropometric measurements, and sleep quality in obese subjects. METHODS: This study was conducted in a public hospital in Turkey between November 2021 and May 2022. Participants with pro-inflammatory dietary habits were included in the study. Randomly divided into two groups of 33 participants, they were subjected to an anti-inflammatory diet or a control diet for 8 weeks. The study evaluated the anthropometric parameters, inflammatory biomarkers, and sleep quality indices of the diet groups. RESULTS: Significant reductions in body mass index were observed in both groups, more marked in the anti-inflammatory diet cohort. C-reactive protein levels, indicative of inflammation, also decreased substantially in both groups, with a more marked reduction in the anti-inflammatory diet cohort. Despite the improvement in sleep quality in both groups, the variation was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the importance of anti-inflammatory diets in nutritional strategies for obesity by reducing body mass index and inflammation.

Knowledge of Nutrition and Hygiene among Rural Women of Assam in India

The study was carried out on 270 randomly selected rural women of 3 districts from the state of Assam (India), namely Tinsukia, Nagaon and Barpeta, to find the existing knowledge of respondents on nutrition and hygiene. The knowledge on nutrition and hygiene was measured in terms of knowledge statements known and unknown by the respondents regarding nutrition and hygiene. It is found that 100 percent of respondents did not know that the first and main symptom of a child suffering from Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) is loss of weight according to age and that the Colostrums is rich in Fat, but majority of the respondents (63.33%) knew mother抯 milk was easily available, pure and safe as it has the correct temperature. It is very interesting to note that only 8.15 percent of respondents knew that rinsing utensils with hot water before using them is necessary.

Millets a Pathway to Nutrition Security for Sustainable Agriculture

Millets, a group of small-seeded grasses, have been cultivated for thousands of years and are an integral part of traditional diets in many regions of the world. The nutritional value, resilience to harsh environmental conditions, and potential for sustainable agriculture, millets have been largely overlooked and underutilized in modern food systems, the nutritional benefits of millets, their role in ensuring food security, and strategies for promoting their cultivation and consumption. Millets are rich in essential nutrients, including protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and offer numerous health benefits, such as reducing the risk of chronic diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Additionally, millets are well-suited to climate-resilient agriculture, requiring less water and fertilizer than many other cereal crops. By promoting the cultivation and consumption of millet, policymakers, researchers, and agricultural stakeholders can enhance food security, support small-scale farmers, and promote sustainable food systems and the need for increased investment in millet research, the development of value chains, and consumer education to realize the full potential of millets in addressing global food security challenges.

Interactions Calculated between Medications and Enteral Nutrition Using an Updated Protocol in an Elderly Population in the Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in Central Brazil

Introduction: Drug-nutrient interactions refer to alterations in the pharmacodynamics or pharmacokinetics of a drug due to interactions with physical, chemical, physiological, or pathophysiological factors related to nutrients. Objective: To investigate potential drug-nutrient interactions in patients receiving enteral nutrition admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: This observational, descriptive, retrospective study employed non-probabilistic sampling of elderly patients at a university hospital in Brazil's Central Region. Potential drug-nutrient interactions were identified using the Up To Date® database, with interactions classified by risk level. Results: The study included data from 50 elderly patients, predominantly male (58%), with an average age of 70.6 ± 8.63 years. A total of 75 medications administered via the digestive tract were analyzed, of which 26 (34.66%) were found to have potential interactions according to Up To Date®, resulting in 47 types of pharmacokinetic interactions. Most interactions involved either the food/nutrient reducing the therapeutic effect of the drug or the drug lowering the serum level of the nutrient, accounting for 24 (51.06%) of the interactions. The average number of interactions was higher in deceased patients (1.5 ± 1.64) compared to those who were discharged (1.19 ± 1.44). Statistical analysis using the t-test (95% bilateral confidence interval) showed no significant difference between the groups (p-value > 0.99). Conclusion: The findings highlight the importance of monitoring drug-nutrient interactions in ICU patients, as these interactions can potentially have adverse effects on patient outcomes.

Evaluación del inicio de dieta con coffea arábica versus dieta tradicional, en pacientes luego de cirugía electiva y de emergencia / Evaluation of the initiation of diet with coffea arabica versus a traditional diet in patients after elective and emergency surgery

Introducción. Etimológicamente la palabra íleo proviene del griego eileos que significa rodando o girando; es descrito como el retraso temporal de la motilidad gastrointestinal. Mundialmente es reconocido que el íleo postoperatorio es una de las principales complicaciones después de cirugía y representa un problema importante por su elevado costo sanitario. Se ha investigado respecto al uso preventivo de medidas físicas y farmacológicas, como los procinéticos, para el manejo del íleo postoperatorio. Métodos. Investigación clínico-terapéutica, comparativa, de corte longitudinal prospectivo de seguimiento, con muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia, conformado por cuatro grupos con 25 pacientes cada uno, atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía General entre mayo y agosto de 2021. Resultados. Los pacientes presentaron una media de edad de 49,4 ± 19,6 años y el 53 % fueron hombres. El 86 % de los pacientes presentaron ruidos intestinales antes de 24 horas posteriores a la operación. La primera evacuación en los pacientes que ingirieron café tipo espresso fue a las 42,6 horas y para aquellos en el grupo de café americano fue a las 43,4 horas en comparación con 89,4 horas en el grupo control (p < 0,001). Conclusión. Se recomienda el uso del café como una medida segura y económica para el inicio de la dieta, como una alternativa al esquema tradicional, constituyéndose en una opción para el manejo del íleo postoperatorio

Introduction. Etymologically the word ileus comes from the Greek eileos, which means rolling or turning. It is described as the temporary delay of gastrointestinal motility. It is recognized worldwide that postoperative ileus is one of the main complications after surgery and represents an important problem due to its high healthcare cost. Research has been done regarding the preventive use of physical and pharmacological measures, such as prokinetics, for the management of postoperative ileus.Methods. Clinical-therapeutic, comparative, prospective longitudinal follow-up research, with non-probabilistic convenience sampling, made up of four groups with 25 patients each, treated in the General Surgery Service between May and August 2021. Results. The patients had a mean age of 49.4 ± 19.6 years and 53% were male; 86% of patients had bowel sounds within 24 hours after the operation. The first bowel movement in patients who ingested espresso coffee was 42.6 hours and for those in the American coffee group it was at 43.4 hours compared to 89.4 hours in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The use of coffee is recommended as a safe and economical measure to start the diet as an alternative to the traditional fashion, becoming an option for the management of postoperative ileus.

Pérdida de proteínas en líquido peritoneal de pacientes críticos con abdomen abierto / Protein loss in peritoneal fluid of critically ill patients with open abdomen

Introducción. Los pacientes con patología abdominal quirúrgica que requieren manejo con abdomen abierto son susceptibles a la pérdida de proteínas desde la cavidad expuesta. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la pérdida proteica a través de dos tipos de cierre temporal abdominal. Métodos. Se realizó un estudio decohorte prospectivo, con pacientes críticos manejados durante el año 2021 con abdomen abierto mediante dos tipos de cierre temporal: bolsa de Bogotá y ABThera™. Se recolectaron muestras intraoperatorias seriadas de líquido peritoneal (días 1, 3 y 5). Se calcularon frecuencias y promedios, y se compararon con las pruebas de Chi cuadrado y t de Student. Resultados. Se incluyeron 25 pacientes. El promedio de pérdida de proteínas en líquido peritoneal fue mayor con el sistema ABThera™ (44,38 g/L) comparado con la bolsa de Bogotá (25,18 g/L; p=0,0185). Durante el seguimiento se observó la tendencia a la disminución del promedio de proteínas perdidas por ambos sistemas, pero con ABThera™ se perdieron en promedio 15,47 gr/L más de proteínas, independientemente del estado nutricional y del aporte proteico recibido (p=0,042). No hubo diferencias según la etiología que llevó al manejo con abdomen abierto, los procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados o el estado de infección por COVID-19. Conclusiones. El abdomen abierto representa una fuente importante de pérdida de proteínas, que es diferente según el tipo de cierre temporal usado. Estas pérdidas deberían considerarse en los cálculos de soporte nutricional en la unidad de cuidado intensivo.

Introduction. Patients with surgical abdominal pathology requiring management with an open abdomen are susceptible to protein loss from the exposed cavity. The objective of this study was to characterize protein loss through two types of temporary abdominal closure. Methods. A prospective cohort study was carried out with critically ill patients managed during 2021 with an open abdomen using two types of temporary closure: Bogota bag and ABThera™. Serial intraoperative peritoneal fluid samples were collected (days 1, 3, and 5). Frequencies and averages were calculated and compared with the Chi square and Student's t tests. Results. Twenty-five patients were included. The average protein loss in peritoneal fluid was higher with the ABThera™ system (44.38 g/L) compared to the Bogota bag (25.18 g/L; p-value=0.0185). During follow-up, a tendency to decrease the average protein lost by both systems was observed, but with ABThera™ an average of 15.47 gr/L more protein was lost, regardless of the nutritional status and protein intake received (p=0.042). There were no differences based on etiology leading to open abdomen management, surgical procedures performed, or Covid-19 infection status. Conclusions. The open abdomen represents an important source of protein loss, which is different depending on the type of temporary closure used. These losses should be considered in calculations of nutritional support in the intensive care unit.

Adecuación de la alimentacion complementaria en diferentes escenarios de componente lacteo durante el primer año de vida / Adequacy of complementary feeding in different dairy component scenarios during the first year of life

Introducción: El primer año de vida del niño constituye una de las etapas más vulnerables del ciclo de vida. La leche humana es el alimento óptimo desde el nacimiento hasta los 2 años o lo que la familia desee. Aunque muy pocas circunstancias clínicas contraindican la lactancia, menos de la mitad de los niños la reciben en forma exclusiva hasta los 6 meses. En esas situaciones, se plantea la controversia acerca de la mejor opción de leche a utilizar, en combinación con los alimentos complementarios. Desarrollo: En circunstancias en que la lactancia materna (LM) se halla disminuida o discontinuada, la recomendación nutricionalmente más adecuada es el uso de fórmulas infantiles. Diferentes motivos determinan que la leche de vaca (LV) sea la última opción, por su propio perfil de nutrientes y su condición de factor de riesgo de deficiencia de hierro en menores de 2 años. Se desarrollaron cuatro escenarios según la edad del niño/a: 6 a 8 meses y 9 a 12 meses, que combinan LM, LV o fórmula, y ejemplifican tipo y cantidades de alimentos complementarios junto con los resultados en términos de adecuación de energía y nutrientes. Conclusiones: Un adecuado manejo del componente lácteo en el primer año de vida contempla eventuales inadecuaciones cuando la alimentación complementaria es precoz, tardía o inadecuada en densidad nutricional, y representa una ventana crítica para un buen crecimiento y el desarrollo, la conformación de una microbiota abundante y diversa y el desarrollo de un patrón gustativo saludable

Introduction: The first year is one of the most vulnerable period of the life cycle. Human milk is the optimal food from birth to 2 years or whatever the family wants. Although very few clinical circumstances contraindicate breastfeeding, less than half of children receive it exclusively up to 6 months. In these cases, controversy arises about the best option of milk, in combination with complementary foods. Development: In circumstances in which breastfeeding (BF) is reduced or discontinued, the most nutritionally appropriate recommendation is the use of infant formulas. Different reasons determine that cow's milk (CV) is the last option, due to its own nutrient profile and its condition as a risk factor for iron deficiency below 2 years. Four scenarios were developed according to the child's age: 6 to 8 months and 9 to 12 months, combining BF, LV or formula, exemplifying type and quantities of complementary foods and the results in terms of energy and nutrients adequacy. Conclusions: Adequate management of the dairy component in the first year of life, contemplating possible inadequacies when complementary feeding is early, late or inadequate in nutritional density represents a critical window for good growth and development, the development of an abundant and diverse microbiota and of a healthy taste pattern

Unlocking the Nutritional Power of Vegetables: A Guide to Vibrant Health

Vegetable consumption is essential for preserving optimum health and wellbeing. This review explores the nutritional value of vegetables, emphasising their abundance of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive substances in addition to other important nutrients. Vegetables are essential for boosting mental health, lowering the risk of chronic diseases, and raising standard of living. They provide important advantages like nutrient density, digestive health support, and antioxidant defence while fostering vitality and energising health. Also highlights the significance of eating a varied, well-balanced diet full of vibrant, colourful vegetables in order to guarantee a varied intake of phytochemicals that have particular health benefits. Furthermore, the function of vegetables in controlling blood sugar is examined, highlighting their high fibre content, low glycemic index, and antioxidant and polyphenol content, which improves insulin sensitivity. People can attain and sustain the best possible health, vitality, and well-being by including a variety of vegetables in their regular diets. There are doable methods for adding more veggies to diets, highlighting the significance of these plant-based nutrients for a healthy way of living.

The Role of Food Science in Combating Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders

Obesity and related metabolic disorders have emerged as major global health challenges, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The prevalence of these conditions has reached epidemic proportions, leading to increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Food science plays a crucial role in addressing this complex issue by developing innovative strategies and interventions to promote healthier eating habits and prevent the development of obesity and its associated comorbidities. This comprehensive review explores the multifaceted role of food science in combating obesity and related metabolic disorders, focusing on key areas such as food formulation, processing, preservation, and fortification. We discuss the development of functional foods and ingredients that target specific metabolic pathways, as well as the application of novel technologies to enhance the nutritional quality and sensory appeal of food products. Additionally, we highlight the importance of consumer education and behavior change strategies in promoting healthy food choices and portion control. The review also examines the potential of personalized nutrition approaches, which leverage advances in nutrigenomics and metabolomics to tailor dietary interventions based on individual genetic and metabolic profiles. Furthermore, we explore the role of food science in developing sustainable and equitable food systems that ensure access to nutritious foods for all populations. By synthesizing the latest research findings and identifying gaps in current knowledge, this review provides valuable insights and recommendations for future research and policy initiatives aimed at harnessing the power of food science to combat obesity and related metabolic disorders on a global scale.