Screening and identification of key genes ATP1B3 and ENAH in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma: based on data mining and clinical validation / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the marker genes correlated with the prognosis, progression and clinical diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on bioinformatics methods.@*METHODS@#The TCGA-LIHC, GSE84432, GSE143233 and GSE63898 datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were analyzed. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by different disease types were obtained using GEO2R and edge R packages, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) enrichment analyses of the DEGs were performed. The expression levels of these DEGs in normal and cancerous tissues were verified in TCGA-LIHC to identify the upregulated genes in HCC. Survival analysis, receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and correlation analysis between the key genes and the clinical features of the patients were carried out using the R language. The differential expressions of 15 key genes were verified in clinical samples of HCC and adjacent tissues using RT-qPCR.@*RESULTS@#A total of 118 common DEGs were obtained in the database, and among them two genes, namely ATPase Na +/K + transport subunit beta 3 (ATP1B3) and actin regulator (ENAH), showed increased expressions with disease progression. Survival analysis combined with the TCGA-LIHC dataset suggested that high expressions of ATP1B3 and ENAH were both significantly correlated with a poor prognosis of HCC patients (P < 0.05), and their AUC values were 0.821 and 0.933, respectively. A high expression of ATP1B3 was correlated with T stage, pathological stage and pathological grade of the tumors (P < 0.05), while that of ENAH was associated only with an advanced tumor grade (P < 0.05). The results of RT-qPCR showed that ATP1B3 and ENAH were both significantly upregulated in clinical HCC tissues (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#ATPIB3 and ENAH are both upregulated in HCC, and their high expressions may serve as biomarkers of progression of liver diseases and a poor prognosis of HCC.

Examining patterns of traditional Chinese medicine use in pediatric oncology: A systematic review, meta-analysis and data-mining study / 中西医结合学报

BACKGROUND@#Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is becoming a popular complementary approach in pediatric oncology. However, few or no meta-analyses have focused on clinical studies of the use of TCM in pediatric oncology.@*OBJECTIVE@#We explored the patterns of TCM use and its efficacy in children with cancer, using a systematic review, meta-analysis and data mining study.@*SEARCH STRATEGY@#We conducted a search of five English (Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov) and four Chinese databases (Wanfang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals Database) for clinical studies published before October 2021, using keywords related to "pediatric," "cancer," and "TCM."@*INCLUSION CRITERIA@#We included studies which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational clinical studies, focused on patients aged < 19 years old who had been diagnosed with cancer, and included at least one group of subjects receiving TCM treatment.@*DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS@#The methodological quality of RCTs and observational studies was assessed using the six-item Jadad scale and the Effective Public Healthcare Panacea Project Quality Assessment Tool, respectively. Meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of combining TCM with chemotherapy. Study outcomes included the treatment response rate and occurrence of cancer-related symptoms. Association rule mining (ARM) was used to investigate the associations among medicinal herbs and patient symptoms.@*RESULTS@#The 54 studies included in this analysis were comprised of RCTs (63.0%) and observational studies (37.0%). Most RCTs focused on hematological malignancies (41.2%). The study outcomes included chemotherapy-induced toxicities (76.5%), infection rate (35.3%), and response, survival or relapse rate (23.5%). The methodological quality of most of the RCTs (82.4%) and observational studies (80.0%) was rated as "moderate." In studies of leukemia patients, adding TCM to conventional treatment significantly improved the clinical response rate (odds ratio [OR] = 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.49-4.36), lowered infection rate (OR = 0.23; 95% CI = 0.13-0.40), and reduced nausea and vomiting (OR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.08-0.23). ARM showed that Radix Astragali, the most commonly used medicinal herb (58.0%), was associated with treating myelosuppression, gastrointestinal complications, and infection.@*CONCLUSION@#There is growing evidence that TCM is an effective adjuvant therapy for children with cancer. We proposed a checklist to improve the quality of TCM trials in pediatric oncology. Future work will examine the use of ARM techniques on real-world data to evaluate the efficacy of medicinal herbs and drug-herb interactions in children receiving TCM as a part of integrated cancer therapy.

A Data Mining-Based Study on Medication Rules of Chinese Herbs to Treat Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To summarize the medication rules of Chinese herbs to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) based on data mining and to provide references for clinical utilization.@*METHODS@#The China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database (Wanfang), VIP database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature (CBM), PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched from inception to October 2021 to identify relevant literature on treating HFPEF with Chinese herbs. Microsoft Excel 2019 was used to set up a database, and then, association rule analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis were performed by using apriori algorithm and hclust function respectively in R-Studio (Version 4.0.3).@*RESULTS@#A total of 182 qualified papers were included, involving a total of 92 prescriptions, 130 Chinese herbs, and 872 individual herbs prescribed, with an average of 9.5 herbs per prescription. The six most frequently prescribed herbs were Astragali Radix (Huangqi), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen), Poria (Fuling), Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Gancao), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), and Ginseng Radix Et Rhizoma (Renshen). There were 35 herbs used more than 5 times, involving 11 efficacy categories. The top three categories were deficiency-tonifying herbs, blood-activating and stasis-removing herbs, and dampness-draining diuretic herbs. The most commonly used herbs were mainly warm and sweet. The primary meridian tropisms were Lung Meridian, Heart Meridian and Spleen Meridian. Association rule analysis yielded 26 association rules, such as Astragali Radix (Huangqi) & Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen), Poria (Fuling), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) & Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu). Hierarchical cluster analysis yielded four herb classes, and their functions were mainly qi-replenishing and yang-warming, blood-activating and diuresis-inducing.@*CONCLUSIONS@#HFPEF is the syndrome of root vacuity and tip repletion, and its core pathogenesis is "deficiency", "stasis", and "water", with "deficiency" being the most principal, which is closely related to Xin (heart), Fei (Lung), and Pi (Spleen). The treatment of this disease occurs by improving qi, warming yang, activating blood and inducing diuresis. Astragali Radix (Huangqi) with Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma (Danshen) is the basic combination of herbs applied.

Data Mining and Systems Pharmacology to Elucidate Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Chinese Medicine in Treating Primary Liver Cancer / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To identify specific Chinese medicines (CM) that may benefit patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), and to explore the mechanism of action of these medicines.@*METHODS@#In this retrospective, singlecenter study, prescription information from PLC patients was used in combination with Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Supports System to identify the specific core drugs. A system pharmacology approach was employed to explore the mechanism of action of these medicines.@*RESULTS@#Taking CM more than 6 months was significantly associated with improved survival outcomes. In total, 77 putative targets and 116 bioactive ingredients of the core drugs were identified and included in the analysis (P<0.05). A total of 1,036 gene ontology terms were found to be enriched in PLC. A total of 75 pathways identified from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes were also enriched in this disease, including fluid shear stress, interleukin-17 signaling, signaling between advanced glycan end products and their receptors, cellular senescence, tumor necrosis factor signaling, p53 signaling, cell cycle signaling, steroid hormone biosynthesis, T-helper 17 cell differentiation, and metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome. Docking studies suggested that the ingredients in the core drugs exert therapeutic effects in PLC by modulating c-Jun and interleukin-6.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Receiving CM for 6 months or more improves survival for the patients with PLC. The core drugs that really benefit for PLC patients likely regulates the tumor microenvironment and tumor itself.

Data Mining Study on Prescription Patterns of Different Dosage Forms of Chinese Herbal Medicines for Treating and Improving Immune-Inflammatory Indices in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the prescription patterns of different dosage forms of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their effects on immune-inflammatory indices.@*METHODS@#Clinical data were collected from patients with RA in 4 hospitals (3 Class A comprehensive hospitals and 1 Class B comprehensive hospital) in Anhui Province, China, from August 2012 to June 2018 via the electronic medical record gathering system. Following extraction of prescription information, each prescribed herb was quantified and standardized according to the knowledge base to establish a database of RA treatment formulae. The medical records were divided into the granules group and decoction pieces group. Core herbs and their combination patterns were obtained from the two groups of cases using Liquorice software. Changes in immune-inflammatory and hepatic and renal function indices were compared between the two groups using SPSS 23.0 software. The Aprior module of SPSS Clementine 11.1 software was applied to analyse the correlation between CHMs and improvement in indices. Finally, the ORACLE 10 g tool was used to evaluate the random walk model of the immune-inflammatory indices between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#(1) We retrospectively analysed 35,898 prescriptions for 6,829 patients with RA who received CHM treatment. There were 3,816 patients in the granules group and 3,013 in the decoction pieces group. (2) The core herbs were Pi (Spleen)-strengthening and dampness-resolving drugs, blood-activating and stasis-resolving drugs, wind/dampness-dispelling drugs and heat-clearing and detoxifying drugs. (3) Both dosage forms could improve immune-inflammatory indices in RA patients, with similar efficacy and no influence on hepatic or renal function. (4) Herba Siegesbeckiae and Oldenlandia had a stronger association with immune-inflammatory indices in the two groups. (5) The immune-inflammatory indices showed obvious improvement after treatment with granules and decoction pieces of CHMs, and there were long range correlations between the comprehensive evaluation indices and interventions.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The principal CHM treatment methods for RA in four hospitals in Anhui Province are strengthening Pi and resolving dampness, activating blood and resolving stasis, dispelling wind/dampness and clearing heat. Granules and decoction pieces of CHMs have similar efficacy in improving immune-inflammatory indices in RA patients and could be used as treatment options for RA.

Data mining-based analysis of formulation rules for prescriptions containing herbal pair Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix / 中国中药杂志

By the in-depth excavation of prescriptions containing herbal pair Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix in the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions, this study analyzed their formulation rules, so as to provide reference for their clinical application and new drug development. First, the prescriptions containing Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix were collected from the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions, and their indications, herbal compatibility, and dosage forms were analyzed statistically using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(TCMISS). Meanwhile, the formulation rules and common dosage forms for the top four indications(amnesia, palpitation, mania, and epilepsy) sorted by frequency were analyzed with Apriori algorithm. A total of 507 prescriptions containing Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix were screened out, involving 15 indications(frequency>10) like amnesia, palpitation, mania, and epilepsy. There were 30 commonly used Chinese herbs(frequency≥60), with the Qi-tonifying herbs(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizome), mind-tranquilizing herbs(Poria and Poria cum Radix Pini), and Yin-nourishing herbs(Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Ophiopogonis Radix) being the core ones. The commonly used dosage forms were honey pill, paste pill, decoction, and powder. These have indicated that the herbal pair Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma-Polygalae Radix is often combined with Qi-tonifying, Yin-nourishing, and mind-tranquilizing herbs for the treatment of "heart or brain diseases" caused by phlegm production due to spleen deficiency, Qi and blood deficiency, and phlegm-turbidity blocking orifice. In the treatment of amnesia, supplementing essence and replenishing marrow are considered on the basis of tonifying Qi, nourishing Yin, and tranquilizing mind. In the treatment of palpitation and mania, tranquilizing mind is emphasized. In the treatment of epilepsy, the emphasis is placed on resolving phlegm, extinguishing wind, and stopping convulsion.

Formulation regularity of traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of sinusitis based on data mining / 中国中药杂志

Based on the Drugdataexpy and the prescription modern application database, this study explored the formulation regularity of ancient and modern prescriptions for the treatment of sinusitis. The Chinese medicinal prescriptions for the treatment of sinusitis with various syndromes were retrieved from the above databases and the corresponding formulation regularity was investigated by frequency analysis, association rule analysis, and factor analysis. Eighty-seven Chinese medicinal prescriptions were included, involving five syndrome types of sinusitis and 160 Chinese medicine, which were mainly effective in releasing exterior, clearing heat, and tonifying deficiency, and acted on the lung meridian due to cold and warm nature and pungent and bitter flavor or on the spleen meridian due to warm nature and pungent flavor. Seventeen core Chinese medicine were screened out by topological data analysis, including Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Magnoliae Flos, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Xanthii Fructus, and Scutellariae Radix. Chinese medicine such as Magnoliae Flos, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, and Xanthii Fructus were commonly used in the treatment of sinusitis of wind-heat in the lung meridian, while the combination of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Magnoliae Flos, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, etc. was the key compatibility in treating sinusitis of dampness-heat in the spleen and stomach. Six common factors were extracted from the factor analysis of the above two syndrome types. The findings indicate that the exterior-releasing, heat-clearing, and deficiency-tonifying Chinese medicine with cold and warm nature and pungent flavor are preferential options for the clinical treatment of sinusitis. Treatment should be based on syndrome differentiation and key therapeutic principles should be followed.

Core prescriptions in treatment of edema by traditional Chinese medicine masters and mechanism prediction / 中国中药杂志

The core prescriptions and formulation characteristics in the treatment of edema by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) masters were analyzed through data mining and their mechanisms were explored by network pharmacology. We collected journal reports on the treatment of edema by TCM masters in three sessions from China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and constructed a database by Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System 3.0. The prescriptions in the case studies were analyzed by association rules and k-means clustering. The chemical components and targets of Chinese medicines in core prescriptions were collected through TCMSP and TCMID. Edema-related targets were collected from DrugBank and GeneCards. The protein-protein interaction(PPI) network was constructed by STRING and the core targets were screened out. FunRich 3.1.3 was used to enrich the expression sites of core prescriptions. Metascape was used to perform Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis of intersection targets. Cytoscape 3.6.0 was used to visualize the "Chinese medicine-active ingredient-core target-pathway" network. The results showed that 315 pieces of medical records in the treatment of edema by TCM masters were obtained and five core prescriptions were analyzed by association rules and k-means clustering. Core prescription 1 contained Poria, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Alismatis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Codonopsis Radix, involving 166 chemical components and 1 125 targets. Core prescription 2 contained Astragali Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Poria, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix, involving 138 chemical components and 1 112 targets. Core prescription 3 contained Poria, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Alismatis Rhizoma, and Coicis Semen, involving 126 chemical components and 1 121 targets. Core prescription 4 contained Poria, Forsythiae Fructus, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Imperatae Rhizoma, Cicadae Periostracum, and Coicis Semen, involving 58 chemical components and 820 targets. Core prescription 5 contained Poria, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Alismatis Rhizoma, Trionycis Carapax, and Dioscoreae Rhizoma, involving 68 chemical components and 919 targets. The core targets of core prescriptions included AKT1, ALB, CASP3, MAPK3, EGFR, SRC, MAPK1, and TNF. The potential targets of core prescriptions in the treatment were highly expressed in the stomach, bladder, lung, and kidney. KEGG pathways were enriched in inflammation and cell cycle pathways, especially the inflammation-relation pathways. The therapeutic effect of core prescriptions on edema is presumedly achieved by tonifying the spleen, draining water, activating blood, and benefiting Qi to resist inflammation and regulate the immune system. This study is expected to provide references for the summary of TCM masters' experience and new drug development.

Minería de datos para la evaluación del riesgo de malignidad en pacientes con nódulos tiroideos con estudio citológico Bethesda IV / Risk of malignancy evaluation through data mining technic in patients with thyroid nodules with cytology study Bethesda IV

Introducción: en el campo de la salud, cada decisión representa datos, y las técnicas de minería de datos han empezado a ser una metodología prometedora para el análisis de esta información, especialmente en el diseño de los modelos predictivos. Métodos: estudio observacional analítico de pacientes mayores de 15 años, con reporte de punción de aspiración con aguja fina con estudio Bethesda IV, sometidos a manejo quirúrgico en el Hospital de San José de Bogotá. Los datos recogidos de los pacientes se incluyeron en tres grupos: la información sociodemográfica y clínica, los hallazgos en la citología y los reportes de la ecografía. Se realizó el análisis mediante Naive-Bayes, árbol de decisión y redes neuronales. Se usó la herramienta Weka versión 3.8.2. Resultados: de los 427 pacientes, 195 tuvieron resultados de patología de carcinoma de tiroides (45,6 %). Se evidenciaron mejores resultados usando la validación cruzada (10 fold) comparado con partición (66 %), la técnica de Bayes tuvo mejores resultados de clasificación correcta (91,1 %), comparado con la técnica de árbol (87,8 %) y la red neuronal (88,2 %). Conclusiones: el uso de la técnica de Naive Bayes muestra una importante exactitud para determinar la predicción de riesgo de malignidad en los pacientes con estudio citológico Bethesda IV, lo cual permitiría orientar de forma adecuada el manejo quirúrgico de los pacientes

Introduction: In the health field, each decision represents data, and data mining techniques have begun to be a promising methodology for the analysis of this information, especially in the design of predictive models. Methods: Analytical observational study; patients older than 15 years with a report of Bethesda IV after a fine needle aspiration biopsy that undergoing surgical management at the Hospital de San José in Bogotá. The data collected from those patients were included in three groups: sociodemographic-clinical information, cytology findings, and ultrasound reports. Analysis was performed using three technics: Naive Bayes, decision trees, and neural networks. Weka tool version 3.8.2 was used. Results: 195 patients out of 427, had a thyroid carcinoma pathology (45.6%). Better results were evidenced using cross-validation (10 fold) compared with a partition (66%), the Bayes technique had better results of correct classification (91.1%), than the tree technique (87.8%) and neural network (88.2%). Conclusions: The use of the Naive Bayes technique shows an important accuracy to determine the prediction of risk of malignancy in patients with a Bethesda IV cytological study, which would allow an adequate guide to the surgical management of patients.

Brief analysis on main indications and compatibility rules of Ciliao (BL 32) based on data mining / 中国针灸

Based on the data mining technology, the main indications and compatibility rules of Ciliao (BL 32) were analyzed and summarized. The relevant literature was retrieved from the databases of CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMbase and PubMed, from the date of establishment to September 8, 2021. Using the software of SPSS Modeler 18.0 and Gephi0.9.2, the included literature was analyzed by data mining. A total of 218 articles were included, of them, there were 36 articles using single-acupoint prescriptions and 182 articles using compound prescriptions. Acupuncture was the most frequently used intervention of Ciliao (BL 32), followed by electroacupuncture. Dysmenorrhea and labor analgesia were the dominant indications of single-acupoint prescriptions of Ciliao (BL 32), and 9 diseases i.e. dysmenorrhea, urinary incontinence, urinary retention, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic prostatitis and lumbar disc herniation were the dominant indications of compound prescriptions. The main indications of Ciliao (BL 32) involved diseases of reproductive system, urinary system and waist. There were 92 acupoints in compatibility with Ciliao (BL 32), which were main belonged to the bladder meridian, the conception vessel and the spleen meridian, the most frequently used acupoints were Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23) and Zhongji (CV 3).

Rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction with acupuncture and moxibustion based on data mining technology / 中国针灸

Data mining technology was adopted to analyze the rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction with acupuncture and moxibustion. All of the articles for acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of erectile dysfunction were searched from the databases, i.e. Chinese national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP, Chinese biomedical literature database (SinoMed) and PubMed, and the clinical trials on erectile dysfunction treated with acupuncture and moxibustion were screened. The database was set up by using Excel 2019 and input into R 4.0.3, and then, the therapeutic method, use frequency of acupoint, meridian tropism, collection visualization analysis, cluster analysis and association rule analysis were summarized. A total of 240 articles were included, with 516 prescriptions and 145 acupoints involved. The methods for treatment of erectile dysfunction included acupuncture and moxibustion therapy, acupuncture, acupoint injection, electroacupuncture, etc. The acupoints with high use frequency were Guanyuan (CV 4), Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Mingmen (GV 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Zhongji (CV 3), Ciliao (BL 32), Qihai (CV 6), Taixi (KI 3) and Taichong (LR 3). The meridians involved with high frequency were the bladder meridian of foot-taiyang, the conception vessel, the spleen meridian of foot-taiyin, etc. The common acupoint combination was Shangliao (BL 31), Zhongliao (BL 33), Ciliao (BL 32), Xialiao (BL 34) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenshu (BL 23), Guanyuan (CV 4). In association rule analysis (confidence ≥ 90%, support ≥ 20%), there were 27 association rules in total. The acupoint combination with the highest support referred to "Shenshu (BL 23), Sanyinjiao (SP 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (support 46.7%) and the acupoint combination with the highest confidence was "Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Qihai (CV 6)→Guanyuan (CV 4)" (confidence 98.0%). The acupoints could be divided into 5 effective clusters. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy has a certain of rules of acupoint selection in treatment of erectile dysfunction, which provides the evidences for modern clinical trial and treatment.

Minería de texto en publicaciones científicas con autores Argentinos / Text mining in scientific publications with Argentine authors

Resumen En el presente trabajo utilizamos la minería de texto como herramienta de tratamiento de una gran base de datos científica, con el objetivo de obtener nueva información de todas las publicaciones firmadas por autores argentinos e indexadas hasta 2019 en el área de las ciencias de la vida. Se analizaron más de 75 000 artículos, publicados en alrededor de 5000 medios, firmados por cerca de 186 000 autores con lugar de trabajo en la Argentina o en colaboraciones con laboratorios argentinos. Mediante herramientas automatizadas, que fueron desarrolladas ad hoc, se analizó el texto de alrededor de 70 800 resúmenes y se buscaron, mediante detección digital no supervisada, los principales temas abordados, su relación con problemáticas de salud en la Argentina y su tratamiento. Se presentan, además, resultados del número de publicaciones por año, las revistas que las publicaron, y sobre sus autores y colaboraciones. Estos resultados, junto con las predicciones que se obtuvieron, podrían constituirse en una herramienta útil para optimizar el manejo de recursos dedicados a la investigación básica y clínica.

Abstract In the present work we use text mining as a treatment tool for a large scientific database, with the aim of obtaining new information about all the publications signed by Argentine authors and indexed until 2019, in the area of life sciences. More than 75 000 articles were analysed, published in around 5000 media, signed by about 186 000 authors with a workplace in Argentina or in collaborations with Argentine laboratories. Using automated tools that were developed ad hoc, the text of around 70 800 abstracts was analysed, seeking, through non-supervised digital detection, the main topics addressed by the authors, and the relationship with health problems in Argentina and their treat ment. Results are also presented regarding the number of publications per year, the journals that have published them, and their authors and collaborations. These results, together with the predictions that were obtained, could become a useful tool to optimize the management of resources dedicated to basic and clinical research.

Analysis of prescription regularity of traditional Chinese medicine for colorectal cancer based on data mining / 中国中药杂志

The tumor prescriptions contained in Dictionary of Tumor Formulas, Compendium of Good Tumor Formulas, Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Ministry of Health Drug Standards for Chinese Medicine Formulas and National Compilation of Standards for Proprietary Chinese Medicines were selected and organized to construct a database for tumor prescriptions, and the data mining techniques were applied to investigate the prescription regularity of colorectal cancer prescriptions. The formula data were extracted after screening in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were then analyzed with Microsoft Excel 2010 for frequency statistics, Apriori block provided by SPSS Clementine 12.0 software for correlation rule analysis, and arules and arulesViz packages in R 4.0.2 software for correlation rule visualization. In addition, SPSS 18.0 software was used for cluster analysis and factor analysis, in which cluster analysis was performed by Ochiai algorithm with bicategorical variables in systematic clustering method and factor analysis was performed mainly with principal component analysis. A total of 285 prescriptions were included in the statistical analysis, and the frequency statistics showed that 43 herbs had been used more than 16 times. The association rules analysis showed that 26 high-frequency me-dicine pair rules were obtained, and the association rules for those dispelling evil spirits, strengthening the body, resolving stasis, dispelling dampness, etc. were visualized. In the cluster analysis, we generated a dendrogram from which 7 groups of traditional Chinese medicines with homogeneity were extracted. 10 common factors were obtained in the factor analysis. The types of herbal medicines involved in the colorectal cancer prescription included anti-cancer antidotes, strengthening and tonifying medicines, blood-regulating medicines, and expectorant medicines, corresponding to the treatment for eliminating evil spirits, strengthening, resolving stasis, and expectorating dampness. The prescriptions for anti-cancer detoxification were normally based on the pairs composed of Scutellaria barbata-Hedyotis diffusa and Sophora flavescens, Sargentodoxa cuneata, S. barbata, often combined with stasis relieving drug and dampness eliminating drug, reflecting the characteristics of treatment for both toxicity and stasis, dampness and toxicity simultaneously. The prescriptions for strengthening the righteousness and tonifying the deficiency were composed of Astragalus membranaceus and Atractylodes macrocephala mainly, exerting the effect of benefiting Qi, strengthening the spleen and drying dampness, tonifying kidney and essence, tonifying blood and invigorating blood. Meanwhile, anti-cancer detoxification medicines shall be reduced as much as possible. The compatibility of the medicines for the intestinal tract reflected the principle of using the right medicine for the right condition and eliminating evil spirits or strengthening the body, as appropriate.

Exploring Mechanism of Key Chinese Herbal Medicine on Breast Cancer by Data Mining and Network Pharmacology Methods / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To screen the key Chinese Herbal Medicines (KCHMs) against breast cancer by data mining, and analyze the potential mechanism of KCHMs using network pharmacology method.@*METHODS@#Clinical prescriptions consisted of CHMs for treating breast cancer were screened, and then Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System (TCMISS) was applied to obtain the KCHMs. Subsequently, active ingredients and corresponding target genes of KCHMs were searched by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) database, and target genes of breast cancer were collected using OMIM and MalaCards. After that, the overlapping target genes of KCHMs and breast cancer were screened, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built. In addition, a network of "KCHMs-active ingredients-breast cancer-targets" was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.1. Finally, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis were performed with Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database to reveal the action mechanism of KCHMs.@*RESULTS@#A total of 7 KCHMs were identified, whose active ingredients include quercetin, luteolin, nobiletin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, naringenin, and be-ta-sitosterol, etc. Based on protein-protein interaction analysis, core targets were ESR1, MYC, CCND1, EGFR, CASP3, ERBB2, etc. Several KEGG pathways (e.g, PI3K-Akt, p53, ErbB, and HIF-1 signaling pathways) were found.@*CONCLUSION@#Based on the combination of the data mining method and network pharmacology approach, the therapeutic effect of KCHMs on breast cancer may be realized by acting on target genes and signaling pathways related to the formation and progression of breast cancer.

Hotspots and trends of Ophiopogonis Radix based on CiteSpace knowledge map / 中国中药杂志

Ophiopogonis Radix is an important Yin-nourishing drug in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), with the effects of nourishing Yin, promoting fluid production, clearing away heart-fire, and relieving restlessness. It is widely used in clinical practice due to its multiple chemical components and pharmacological effects. The technique "mapping knowledge domains" is an effective tool to quantitatively and objectively visualize the development frontiers and trends of certain disciplines. In this study, TCM research papers related to Ophiopogonis Radix were retrieved from Web of Science(WoS) and CNKI, and the research institutions, journals, and keywords involved were visualized and analyzed using the scientometric software CiteSpace. The co-occurrence network of related research on Ophiopogonis Radix was constructed, and the Ophiopogonis Radix-disease-target network was plotted using Cytoscape 3.8.2. The hot topics in Chinese and English papers were analyzed and the shortcomings in the research on Ophiopogonis Radix were summed up. Furthermore, the development trends were discussed. A total of 1 403 Chinese papers and 292 English papers were included in this study. The analysis of research institutions showed that Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and China Pharmaceutical University were the two research institutions with the largest numbers of papers published. The analysis of journals showed that Hebei Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Journal of Asian Natural Products Research were the two journals with the highest numbers of papers concerning Ophiopogonis Radix. The keyword analysis showed that the research contents of Chinese papers focused on the analysis of medication regularity and clinical observation trials, while the English papers focused on component analysis and pharmacological investigation. Data mining and apoptosis-based pharmacological mechanism might be the research trends in the future.

Early detection and risk control of safety signals of Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

The safety of modern Chinese medicine has attracted increasing attention from society. Experts and scholars have carried out extensive in-depth research on the safety of commonly used Chinese medicines from various aspects such as safety monitoring, clinical research, and experimental analysis. The findings in the safety performance of Chinese medicines can inspire the mining and analysis of relevant signals in the drug safety alerts. A variety of methods are employed for the mining of risk signals or analysis and screening of relevant signals to accurately determine the correlation between medication and adverse reactions. The safety signal acquisition and mining techniques are the technical basis for the safety risk management of medicine products after Chinese medicines are marketed, which is critical in drug safety alerts. To accurately collect the safety signals of Chinese medicines and effectively and rapidly track, determine, and assess the sources of signals are important technical links in drug risk management. The ultimate purpose of safety signal discovery is to achieve normalized risk management through downgrading drugs from a high-risk level to a low-risk level.The five main steps in the standard drug risk management are listed below: to extensively collect predicted risk signals; to accurately identify drug risks by the techniques such as data mining; to evaluate the risks with process-based quality risk control; to employ management measures minimizing the impact of drug risks for risk management; to update and apply risk assessment to clinical evaluation after medication.

Application and progress of data mining in study of compatibility law of traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Data mining is an important method to obtain the key information from a large amount of data, and it is widely applied in the research on the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The compatibility law of herbs is a key issue in the research of TCM prescriptions. This reflects the flexibility and effectiveness of TCM prescriptions, and it is also a crucial link to the development of TCM modernization. Therefore, it is the core purpose of the research on TCM prescriptions to find the compatibility law of herbs and clarify the scientific connotation. Data mining, as an effective method and an important approach, has formed a standardized system in the research of compatibility law of herbs, which can reveal the relationship between different Chinese herbs and summarize the internal rules in compatibility. Two hundred and twenty two effective papers were sorted out and categorized in this article. The results showed that data mining was mainly applied in finding the core Chinese herb pairs, summarizing the utility and attributes of TCM prescriptions, revealing the relationship between prescriptions, Chinese herbs and syndromes, finding the optimal dose of Chinese herbs, and producing the new prescriptions. The problems of data mining in research of herbs compatibility rules were summarized, and its development and trend in current researches were discussed in this article to provide useful references for the in-depth study of data mining in the compatibility law of Chinese herbs.

Study on the rule of acupoint selection in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the characteristics and rule of clinical acupoint selection in treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).@*METHODS@#The clinical articles of acupuncture in treatment of AECOPD were retrieved from the databases of PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP and SinoMed, from the date of establishment to July 15, 2020. The articles were screened in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the prescriptions of acupuncture and the relevant information of the acupoints and meridians were extracted to establish the database. The data mining methods i.e. Apriori association rule analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyse the using frequency, involving meridians, acupoint distributions, association rules and cluster of selected acupoints.@*RESULTS@#A total of 54 articles were included, 67 acupuncture prescriptions were extracted, 69 acupoints were involved and the total using frequency was 475 times. The top 5 acupoints in frequency were Danzhong (CV 17), Feishu (BL 13), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40) and Dingchuan (EX-B1). The main involved meridians were bladder meridian of foot-@*CONCLUSION@#The local acupoints and acupoints along meridians are the main acupuncture prescriptions for AECOPD, and the special points are the predominated selection. The acupoint compatibility embodies the therapeutic principle of "strengthening vital

Rule mining of acupoint and medication selection of acupoint application therapy for functional constipation / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the rules of acupoint and medication selection of acupoint application therapy for functional constipation (FC) by data mining technology.@*METHODS@#The clinical research literature regarding acupoint application therapy for FC from published to February 26, 2020 was searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed and PubMed. The prescriptions were extracted, and by using SPSS24.0 and SPSS Modeler14.0 software, the use of high-frequency acupoints and medication was summarized. The association rule analysis, cluster analysis and core prescription analysis of acupoints and medication were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#A total of 122 prescriptions of acupoint application therapy were included, involving 32 acupoints. The core prescription of acupoints was Tianshu (ST 25), Dachangshu (BL 25), Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4). The high-frequency meridians mainly included conception vessel, @*CONCLUSION@#The use of local acupoint and regulating-

Knowledge discovery in databases para apoio à decisão em atividades vinculadas à enfermagem / Knowledge discovery in databases para apoyar la decisión en actividades relacionadas con la enfermería / Knowledge discovery in databases for the support to decision-making in nursing-related activities

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar experiências de estratégias do uso da mineração de dados em dois cenários de práticas de Enfermagem. Descrição da experiência: em ambas as experiências foi utilizado o algoritmo Apriori para descoberta de regras de associação e identificado as situações de exceção. A primeira experiência utilizou dados provenientes de óbitos infantis da região metropolitana de Curitiba - PR. Na segunda experiência utilizaram-se prontuários de pacientes atendidos por enfermeiros na classificação de risco em um hospital particular de Curitiba - PR. O primeiro estudo identificou 374 regras gerais e o segundo, 108 regras gerais, ambos com suas respectivas regras de exceção. Conclusão: a aplicação do Knowledge Discovery in Databases pode ser demonstrada e efetivada em dois cenários distintos, a fim de contribuir para a tomada de decisão pelo gestor. Espera-se que o relato reforce a importância do ensino da informática em Enfermagem como ferramenta de apoio à decisão.

RESUMEN Objetivo: reportar experiencias de estrategias de uso de minería de datos en dos escenarios de prácticas de enfermería. Descripción del experimento: en ambos experimentos se utilizó el algoritmo Apriori para descubrir reglas de asociación e identificar situaciones excepcionales. El primer experimento utilizó datos de muertes infantiles en la región metropolitana de Curitiba-PR. En el segundo experimento, se utilizaron los registros médicos de los pacientes atendidos por enfermeros en la clasificación de riesgo en un hospital privado de Curitiba-PR. El primer estudio identificó 374 reglas generales y el segundo 108 reglas generales, ambas con sus respectivas reglas de excepción. Conclusión: la aplicación del Knowledge Discovery in Databases se puede demostrar e implementar en dos escenarios diferentes, con el fin de contribuir a la toma de decisiones por parte del gerente. Se espera que el informe refuerce la importancia de la enseñanza de la informática en enfermería como herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones.

ABSTRACT Objective: to report experiences of data mining use strategies in two Nursing practice settings. Description of the experience: in both experiences, the Apriori algorithm was used to discover association rules and to identify exception situations. The first experience used data from infant deaths in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, PR. In the second experience, medical records of patients assisted by nurses were used in the risk classification at a private hospital in Curitiba -PR. The first study identified 374general rules and the second, 108, both with their respective exception rules. Conclusion: the application of Knowledge Discovery in Databases can be demonstrated and carried out in two different settings, in order to contribute to decision-making by the manager. It is expected that the report reinforces the importance of teaching Nursing Informatics as a decision-making support tool.