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1.
Actual. nutr ; 25(2): 81-88, abr.jun.2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1562044

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El estado nutricional influye en el riesgo de enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT), como la osteoporosis, una epidemia silenciosa global, cuya prevalencia aumenta con la edad. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo describir el estado nutricional y la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) de mujeres mayores de 20 años. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal descriptivo con muestra de conveniencia de 77 mujeres provenientes de El Salvador, Guatemala y Honduras, con datos recolectados en 2022-2023. Para evaluar el estado nutricional se utilizó equipo de bioimpedancia eléctrica mBCA514 SECA™ y el Sunlight MiniOmni™ para medir la DMO. Se analizaron los datos con estadística descriptiva,con el programa SPSS versión 29.0.1.0. Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 34,8±7,8 años. Según el Índice de Masa Corporal, la prevalencia de sobrepeso (SP) y obesidad (OB) fue de 33,8% y 23,4%, respectivamente. El 31,2% se estimó con un rango elevado de grasa corporal y el 20,8% un rango alto, según el Índice de Masa Grasa. El 39% se estimó con grasa visceral elevada o alta y el 44,2% no presentó riesgo cardiovascular según la circunferencia de cintura. El Índice de Masa Magra y el ángulo de fase se estimó normal en la mayoría de las mujeres. La proporción de DMO alterada fue 5,1%. Conclusiones: La evaluación de la composición corporal demuestra una alta proporción de SO y OB en las mujeres procedentes de los tres países, confirmando la necesidad de su control fomentando estilos de vida saludables y el mejoramiento de su calidad de vida previniendo las ENT relacionadas


Introduction: Nutritional status influences the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as osteoporosis, a silent global epidemic whose prevalence increases with age. This study aimed to describe the nutritional status and bone mineral density (BMD) of women over 20 years old. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with a convenience sample of 77 women from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, with data collected in 2022-2023. To evaluate nutritional status, mBCA514 SECA™ electrical bioimpedance equipment was used and the Sunlight MiniOmni™ was used to measure BMD. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, with the SPSS program version 29.0.1.0.Results: The average age was 34.8±7.8 years. According to the Body Mass Index, the prevalence of overweight (SP) and obesity (OB) was 33.8% and 23.4%, respectively. 31.2% were estimated to have an elevated range of body fat and 20.8% a high range, according to the Fat Mass Index. 39% were estimated to have elevated or high visceral fat and only 44.2% did not present cardiovascular risk according to waist circumference. The Lean Mass Index and phase angle were estimated to be normal in most women. The proportion of altered BMD was 5.1%. Conclusions: Body composition assessment demonstrates a high proportion of OW/OB in women from all three countries, confirming the need for control by promoting healthy lifestyles and improving their quality of life by preventing related NCDs


Subject(s)
Body Composition , Bone Density , Overweight , Obesity
2.
Rev. urug. enferm ; 19(1)jun. 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1561449

ABSTRACT

Las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles se han convertido en un problema mundial debido a los altos índices de morbilidad y mortalidad, derivadas de estilos de vida inadecuados que incluyen una falta de una percepción y bajo conocimiento de estos padecimientos. Objetivo: Establecerla relación entre la percepción y el conocimiento de Diabetes Tipo 2 y el Riesgo de Diabesidad en adultos de Puebla. Metodología: Cuantitativo con diseño descriptivo, correlacional y de alcance transversal, se incluyeron personas de 20 a 65 pertenecientes al Centro de Salud de Almecatla, Puebla. Se excluyeron a las personas que hablen lengua indígena y mujeres embarazadas. El cálculo de la muestra fue de 182 personas. Se utilizó el instrumento DKQ-24 y Percepción de Riesgo de Diabetes, una cédula de datos socio demográfica y consentimiento informado. Análisis y resultados: El 78% fueron mujeres, con promedio de edad de 58.8 años, glicemia capilar 163.8, hemoglobina glucosilada 8.6, 88.5% tienen conocimiento de DT2 adecuado y el 50.5% una percepción de riesgo de DT2 alto. Existe una relación positiva y significativa entre el conocimiento y la percepción de riesgo de DT2 (p<05).Conclusión: Existe una correlación positiva significativa entre el conocimiento de DT2 y la percepción de riesgo de DT2. Existen indicadores corporales y bioquímicos que sugieren el aumento del riesgo de Diabesidad, a pesar de la asistencia al centro de salud no se refleja el control de las patologías, por tal motivo persisten los niveles de morbi-mortalidad.


Introduction: Chronic non-communicable diseases have become a global problem due to high morbidity and mortality rates, derived from inadequate lifestyles that include a lack of perception and low knowledge of these conditions. Objective: To stablish the relation between perception and knowledge of Type 2 Diabetes and the Risk of Diabesity in adults from Puebla. Method: Quantitative with a descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional design, including people from 20 to 65 belonging to the Almecatla Health Center, Puebla. People who spoke an indigenous language and pregnant women were excluded. The calculation of the sample was 182 people. The DKQ-24 instrument and Diabetes Risk Perception, a socio-demographic data card and informed consent were acquired. Analysis and results: 78% were women, with an average age of 58.8 years, capillary glycemia 163.8, glycosylated hemoglobin 8.6, 88.5% have adequate knowledge of T2D and 50.5% a perception of high T2D risk. There is a positive and significant relationship between knowledge and perception of T2D risk (p<05).Conclusion: There is a significant positive correlation between the knowledge of T2D and the perception of T2D risk. There are bodily and biochemical indicators that suggest the increased risk of Diabesity, despite the attendance at the health center, the control of the pathologies is not reflected, for this reason the levels of morbidity and mortality persist.


Introdução: As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis tornaram-se um problema global devido às altas taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, decorrentes de estilos de vida inadequados que incluem a falta de percepção e baixo conhecimento dessas condições. Objetivo: Estabelecer a relação entre percepção e conhecimento sobre Diabetes Tipo 2 e Risco de Diabesidade em adultos de Puebla. Método: Quantitativa com desenho descritivo, correlacional e transversal, incluindo pessoas de 20 a 65 anos pertencentes ao Centro de Saúde Almecatla, Puebla. Foram excluídas pessoas que falam línguas indígenas e gestantes. O cálculo amostra foi de 182 pessoas. Foram utilizados o instrumento DKQ-24 e Percepção de Risco de Diabetes, ficha de dados sociodemográficos e consentimento informado. Análise e resultados: 78% eran mulheres, com idade média de 58,8 anos, glicemia capilar 163,8, hemoglobina glicosilada 8,6, 88,5% têm conhecimento adequado de DM2 e 50,5% percepção de alto risco de DM2. Existe uma relação positiva e significativa entre o conhecimento e a percepção do risco de DM2 (p<0,05). Conclusão: Existe uma correlação positiva significativa entre o conhecimento de DM2 e a percepção do risco de DM2. Existem indicadores corporais e bioquímicos que sugerem o aumento do risco de Diabesidade, apesar da ida ao centro de saúde não se reflectir no controlo das patologias, por isso persistem os níveis de morbilidade e mortalidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Obesity , Mexico
3.
Rev. obstet. ginecol. Venezuela ; 84(2): 115-123, jun. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1568469

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Determinar si es posible predecir la valoración del recién nacido según el estado nutricional materno a través de un modelo de árbol de decisión. Métodos: Estudio analítico transversal. Se revisaron 326 historias clínicas de gestantes de un hospital público peruano, 2021. Se valoró el recién nacido mediante el puntaje APGAR, edad gestacional al nacer, peso al nacer, peso y talla para la edad gestacional. El estado nutricional materno incluyó el índice de masa corporal pregestacional y la ganancia de peso gestacional. La predicción se realizó mediante un modelo de aprendizaje automático supervisado denominado "árbol de decisión". Resultados: No fue posible predecir mediante el estado nutricional materno, el puntaje APGAR al minuto y la talla para la edad gestacional. La probabilidad de tener edad gestacional a término al nacer es de 97,2 % cuando la ganancia de peso gestacional es > 5,4 Kg (p = 0,007). Las probabilidades más altas de peso adecuado al nacer fueron con ganancia de peso gestacional entre 4,5 Kg (p < 0,001) y 17 Kg (p < 0,001) y con índice de masa corporal pregestacional ≤ 36,523 Kg/m2 (p = 0,004). Finalmente, la mayor probabilidad de peso adecuado para la edad gestacional es cuando la ganancia de peso gestacional es ≤ 11,8 Kg (p < 0,001) y con un índice de masa corporal pregestacional ≤ 36,523 Kg/m2 (p = 0,005). Conclusiones: Es posible predecir la valoración del recién nacido a partir del estado nutricional materno mediante un aprendizaje automático(AU)


Objective: To determine whether it is possible to predict the assessment of the newborn according to maternal nutritional status through a decision tree model. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. A total of 326 medical records of pregnant women from a Peruvian public hospital were reviewed, in 2021. The newborn was assessed using the APGAR score, gestational age at birth, birth weight, weight and height for gestational age. Maternal nutritional status included pregestational body mass index and gestational weight gain. The prediction was made using a supervised machine learning model called a "decision tree." Results: The APGAR score at one minute and height for gestational age were not possible to predict by maternal nutritional status. The probability of having full-term gestational age at birth is 97.2% when gestational weight gain is > 5.4 kg (p = 0.007). The highest probabilities of adequate birth weight were with gestational weight gain between 4.5 kg (p < 0.001) and 17 kg (p < 0.001) and with pregestational body mass index ≤ 36.523 kg/m2 (p = 0.004). Finally, the highest probability of adequate weight for gestational age is when gestational weight gain is < 11.8 Kg (p < 0.001) and with a pregestational body mass index ≤ 36.523 Kg/m2 (p = 0.005). Conclusions: It is possible to predict the assessment of the newborn based on the mother's nutritional status using machine learning(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Infant, Newborn , Nutritional Status , Forecasting , Body Mass Index , Gestational Age , Overweight , Gestational Weight Gain , Obesity
4.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 74(2): 107-118, jun. 2024. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1561535

ABSTRACT

Introduction: In areas with limited access to healthcare systems, Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) estimation is performed using predictive equations to calculate an individual's caloric requirement. One problem is that these equations were validated in populations with different characteristics from those in Latin America, such as race, height, or body mass, leading to potential errors in the prediction of this parameter. Objective: To determine the REE using predictive formulas compared with bioimpedance in Peruvians. Materials and methods: A comparative analytical cross-sectional study with secondary database analysis of the CRONICAS cohort. Results: we worked with a total of 666 subjects. The Mjeor equation was the one with the highest rating of 0.95, a lower mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 4.69%, and equivalence was found with the REE values. In the multiple regression, it was observed that the Mjeor equation was the one that least overestimated the REE, increasing 0.77 Kcal/day (95% CI: 0.769-0.814; p<0.001) for each point that increased the REE determined by bioimpedance. The strength of association between Mjeor and bioimpedance was 0.9037. Furthermore, in the regression of the data (weight, height, age) in the Mjeor equation it was observed that the coefficients obtained were the same as those used in the original equation. Conclusions: The Mjeor equation seems to be the most adequate to estimate the REE in the Peruvian population. Future prospective studies should confirm the usefulness of this formula with potential utility in primary health care(AU)


Introducción: En zonas con acceso limitado a sistemas de salud, la estimación del Gasto Energético en Reposo (GER) se realiza utilizando ecuaciones predictivas para calcular el requerimiento calórico de un individuo. Uno de los problemas es que estas ecuaciones fueron validadas en poblaciones con características diferentes a las latinoamericanas, como raza, talla o masa corporal, lo que conlleva a potenciales errores en la predicción de este parámetro. Objetivo: Determinar el GER mediante fórmulas predictivas comparadas con la bioimpedancia en peruanos. Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal analítico comparativo con análisis secundario de base de datos de la cohorte CRONICAS. Resultados: Se trabajó con un total de 666 sujetos. La ecuación de Mjeor fue la que obtuvo la puntuación más alta de 0,95, un error medio porcentual absoluto (MAPE) inferior de 4,69%, y se encontró equivalencia con los valores del GER. En la regresión múltiple, se observó que la ecuación de Mjeor fue la que menos sobreestimó el GER, aumentando 0,77 Kcal/día (IC 95%: 0,769-0,814; p<0,001) por cada punto que aumentaba el GER determinado por bioimpedancia. La fuerza de asociación entre Mjeor y bioimpedancia fue de 0,9037. Además, en la regresión de los datos (peso, talla, edad) de la ecuación de Mjeor se observó que los coeficientes obtenidos eran los mismos que los utilizados en la ecuación original. Conclusiones: La ecuación de Mjeor parece ser la más adecuada para estimar el GER en la población peruana. Futuros estudios prospectivos deberán confirmar la utilidad de esta fórmula para su potencial utilidad en la atención primaria de salud(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Cross-Sectional Studies , Electric Impedance , Energy Metabolism , Forecasting , Body Mass Index , Racial Groups , Diet , Obesity
5.
San Salvador; MINSAL; may. 30, 2024. 28 p. ilus, graf, tab.
Non-conventional in Spanish | BISSAL, LILACS | ID: biblio-1555002

ABSTRACT

En esta guía titulada: "Guía de práctica clínica informada en la evidencia para el abordaje de la obesidad en adultos" se presenta todo el proceso que se desarrolló para su adaptación, de acuerdo con el "Manual para el desarrollo de guías de la Organización Mundial de la Salud" y la "Guía para adaptar y aplicar directrices informadas por la evidencia en su segunda edición de la OPS año 2023". Las recomendaciones propuestas, fueron validadas por un panel con la participación de profesionales expertos clínicos del Sistema Nacional de Salud., asociaciones médicas y representantes de los pacientes. El abordaje del tratamiento de la obesidad en esta guía contribuirá a mejorar la calidad de atención de la población salvadoreña


This guide entitled "Evidence-informed clinical practice guide for the management of obesity in adults" presents the entire process that was developed for its adaptation, according to the "Manual for the development of guidelines of the World Health Organization" and the "Guide to adapt and apply guidelines informed by evidence in its second edition of PAHO year 2023". The proposed recommendations were validated by a panel with the participation of expert clinical professionals from the National Health System, medical associations and patient representatives. The approach to the treatment of obesity in this guide will contribute to improving the quality of care for the Salvadoran population


Subject(s)
Practice Guideline , Obesity , Adult Health , El Salvador
6.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 29: 1-7, abr. 2024. fig
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1555438

ABSTRACT

Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement (PRISMA), a systematic review with metanalysis was conducted to identify and summarize the effects of school-based physical activity interventions that sought to control and / or reduce blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in children and / or adolescents with overweight and / or obesity. In September 2022, potential studies were searched in five electronic databases (Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Sportdiscus, and Web of Science) and in reference lists. Randomized controlled trials conducted in schools with interventions involving physical activity and assessment of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 6 to 19 years with overweight and / or obesity were con-sidered for synthesis. The risk of bias was assessed using an adapted version of the Effective Public Health Practice Project tool (EPHPP). Metanalysis was developed from the random model. Four studies were included. For systolic blood pressure, a summary effect of -0.10 (95% CI: -0.39; 0.19; I2 = 0%) was observed. For diastolic pressure, the metanalysis indicated -0.33 (95% CI: -0.62; -0.04; I2 = 11%). Considering the promising effects on diastolic blood pressure, we suggest the develop-ment of more school-based interventions based on physical activity practice for overweight and / or obese populations, which may also add environmental elements, longer duration, multicomponent approaches, and parent / guardian involvement to their strategies.


Com base na declaração Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), foi realizada uma revisão sistemática com metanálise para identificar e sumarizar os efeitos de intervenções escolar baseadas na atividade física que buscaram o controle e / ou redução da pressão arterial (sistólica e diastólica) em crianças e / ou adolescentes com excesso de peso e / ou obesidade. Em setembro de 2022, estudos potenciais foram pesquisados em cinco bases de dados eletrônicas (Pubmed, Scielo, Scopus, Sportdiscus, e Web of Science) e em listas de referências. Foram considerados para a síntese ensaios controlados randomizados realizados em escolas, com intervenções que envolviam a atividade física e avaliação da pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica em crianças e adolescentes dos 6 aos 19 anos com excesso de peso e/ ou obesidade. O risco de viés foi avaliado utilizando uma versão adaptada do instrumento Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). A metanálise foi elaborada a partir do modelo randômico. Foram incluídos quatro estudos. Para a pressão arterial sistólica, observou-se um efeito sumarizado de -0,10 (IC 95%: -0,39; 0,19; I2 = 0%). Para a pressão diastólica, a metanálise indicou -0,33 (IC 95%: -0,62; -0,04; I2 = 11%). Considerando os efeitos promissores na pressão arterial diastólica, sugerimos o desenvolvimento de mais intervenções escola-res fundamentadas na prática de atividade física às populações com sobrepeso e / ou obesidade, que possam agregar também, em suas estratégias, elementos ambientais, maior duração, abordagens multicomponentes e envolvimento dos pais / responsáveis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Child , Arterial Pressure , Obesity , Physical Education and Training , Schools , Overweight
7.
Rev. bras. ativ. fís. saúde ; 29: 1-8, abr. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1556029

ABSTRACT

Overweight, obesity, and low physical fitness (PF) are conditions associated with physical and mental health problems in children and adolescents. Schools and physical education (PE) classes provide ideal environments for promoting physical exercise, improving levels of PF, and preventing obesity in this population. This article outlines the protocol of an experimental study whose primary objective is to assess the effects of a 15-minute physical exercise program implemented during elementary school physical education classes on PF and anthropometric markers of overweight and obesity (AMOO). Enrolled students in 6th to 9th-grade classes within rural elementary schools located in a Southern city in Brazil will participate of the study. The participants will be randomized into the intervention group and control group. The intervention will last for 12 weeks with two sessions per week. Various components of PF and AMOO will be the primary dependent variables. Physical activity level, rec-reational screen time, sleep duration, physical self-concept, motivation for participating in PE classes, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress will be secondary dependent variables. Sociodemographic information and somatic maturation will serve as covariates. All variables will be measured pre and post-intervention. The study's findings will contribute to a better understanding of the potential of school PE classes to improve PF, AMOO, and, secondarily, health-related behaviors, motivation for participating in PE classes, and the mental health of students


O sobrepeso, a obesidade e a baixa aptidão física (ApF) são condições associadas à problemas de saúde física e mental em crianças e adolescentes. A escola e as aulas de educação física (EF) são ambientes propícios para a promoção do exercício físico e a melhoria dos níveis de ApF e prevenção de obesidade nesta população. Este artigo descreve o protocolo de um estudo experimental que tem como objetivo primário identificar os efeitos de um programa de 15 minutos de exercícios físicos realizados durante as aulas de EF na ApF e em indicadores antropométricos de sobrepeso e obesidade (IASO) de escolares. Participarão do estudo escolares do 6° ao 9° ano de ambos os sexos de escolas da zona rural de uma cidade do sul do Brasil. Os participantes serão randomizados em grupo intervenção e grupo controle. A intervenção terá duração de 12 semanas com duas sessões semanais. Diferentes componentes da ApF e IASO serão variáveis dependentes primárias. O nível de atividade física, tempo recreativo de tela, tempo de sono, autoconceito físico, motivação para a participação nas aulas de EF, sintomas de ansiedade, depressão e estresse serão variáveis dependentes secundárias. Informações sociodemográficas e maturação somática serão covariáveis. Todas variáveis serão medidas pré e pós intervenção. O resultado do estudo contribuirá para a melhor compreensão do potencial das aulas de EF escolar para a melhoria da APF, de IASO e, de forma secundária, em comportamentos relacionados à saúde, na motivação para participação nas aulas de EF e na saúde mental de estudantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Students , Exercise , Physical Education and Training , Health , Obesity
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(2): 294-300, abr. 2024. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1558158

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: The identification of children and adolescents who are at risk of sarcopenic obesity development often requires specialized equipment and expensive test procedures. Therefore, the establishment of cheaper and faster methods would be greatly useful, especially if they could be applied in the field. The study's objective was to establish if identification of female adolescents who suffer the risk of developing sarcopenic obesity can be obtained through the standing-long-jump test application. To achieve the research objectives, various anthropometric and body composition measurements were performed and lower limb explosive strength was assessed using the standing long jump fitness test. The research was conducted on a sample of 535 female respondents randomly selected from 9 elementary schools in the Skopje region of the Republic of North Macedonia. The respondents were divided into quintiles according to BMI z-scores, and the arithmetic means and SD about muscle-to-fat ratio were calculated for each quintile. The cutoff was determined based on the mean and standard deviation of the muscle-to-fat ratio for the 3rd quintile of BMI and the percentage of respondents with sarcopenic obesity was examined. The optimal cut-off value of the long jump fitness test results for predicting sarcopenic obesity in an adolescent girl showed that the area under the ROC curve was 0.781 (95 % CI 0.743-0.815). The standing-long-jump test values, on grounds of odds ratio (OR 95 % CI) about the girls at risk of sarcopenic obesity development, which was identified on muscle-to-fat ratio base, were 8.76 (4.39 - 17.54, p 0.001). It can be used to predict sarcopenic obesity presence in female adolescents, which can be vital in case of health intervention.


La identificación de niños y adolescentes que corren riesgo de desarrollar obesidad sarcopénica a menudo requiere equipos especializados y procedimientos de pruebas costosos. Por lo tanto, el establecimiento de métodos más baratos y rápidos sería de gran utilidad, especialmente si pudieran aplicarse en el campo. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer si la identificación de mujeres adolescentes que sufren riesgo de desarrollar obesidad sarcopénica se puede obtener mediante la aplicación de la prueba de salto de longitud de pie. Para lograr los objetivos de la investigación, se realizaron diversas mediciones antropométricas y de composición corporal y se evaluó la fuerza explosiva de los miembros inferiores mediante la prueba de aptitud de salto de longitud de pie. La investigación se realizó con una muestra de 535 mujeres encuestadas seleccionadas al azar de 9 escuelas primarias de la región de Skopje, en la República de Macedonia del Norte. Los encuestados se dividieron en quintiles según las puntuaciones z del IMC, y se calcularon las medias aritméticas y la DE sobre la relación músculo-grasa para cada quintil. El límite se determinó en función de la media y la desviación estándar de la relación músculo-grasa para el tercer quintil del IMC y se examinó el porcentaje de encuestados con obesidad sarcopénica. El valor de corte óptimo de los resultados de la prueba de condición física de salto de longitud para predecir la obesidad sarcopénica en una adolescente mostró que el área bajo la curva ROC fue 0,781 (IC del 95 %: 0,743-0,815). Los valores de la prueba de salto de longitud de pie, sobre la base del odds ratio (OR IC del 95 %) sobre las niñas en riesgo de desarrollar obesidad sarcopénica, que se identificó sobre la base del ratio músculo-grasa, fueron 8,76 (4,39 - 17,54, p. 0,001). Puede utilizarse para predecir la presencia de obesidad sarcopénica en adolescentes, lo que puede ser vital en caso de intervención sanitaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Adolescent , Exercise Test , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Obesity/diagnosis , Body Composition , Anthropometry , Adipose Tissue , Surveys and Questionnaires , Regression Analysis , Electric Impedance , Risk Assessment , Muscle, Skeletal , Standing Position
9.
Geriatr Gerontol Aging ; 18: e0000143, Apr. 2024. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1566905

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the frequency of underweight and obesity among previously hospitalized older adults and analyze their association with malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty, inflammatory markers, and adverse outcomes both during hospitalization and after discharge. Methods: This secondary analysis of a prospective study, conducted at Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brazil, included hospitalized older patients (age ≥ 60 y). Nutritional status, body composition, sarcopenia, frailty, and outcomes were assessed. Cox regression was performed to evaluate the impact of the body mass phenotypes on clinical outcomes. Results: This secondary analysis included one hundred patients. The prevalence of obesity was 22.10%, while that of underweight was 34.60%. Individuals with underweight had a higher frequency of weaker immune response, worse inflammatory profile, higher nutritional risk, higher frequency of sarcopenia and malnutrition, longer hospital stay, and a higher incidence of mortality when compared to those with obesity. Being underweight was independently associated with higher mortality rates, even after adjustment for age, sex, muscle mass, malnutrition, and diagnosis of malignancy [adjusted HR = 2.82 (95% confidence interval 1.03 ­ 7.72), p = 0.044]. Conclusion: The underweight phenotype represented a worst-case scenario in hospitalized older patients. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Body Mass Index , Obesity , Mortality , Health Services for the Aged
10.
Brasília; Fiocruz Brasília; 16 abr. 2024. 20 p.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS, ColecionaSUS, PIE | ID: biblio-1553912

ABSTRACT

DESTAQUES ● Este mapa de evidências tem como objetivo apresentar estratégias que podem ser efetivas para o cuidado de pessoas com diabetes, hipertensão ou obesidade. ● Foram incluídas 93 revisões sistemáticas, cujos estudos primários foram realizados em sua maioria (65,1%) na América do Norte, Ásia e Europa. ● As intervenções foram classificadas em 5 categorias e 26 subcategorias. Observouse maior frequência da categoria "Teleconsulta/eHealth" e da subcategoria "cuidado assistencial". ● Os desfechos analisados foram classificados em clínicos e não clínicos. Desfechos clínicos foram relatados em 53 revisões sistemáticas, com destaque para a pressão arterial. Desfechos não clínicos foram relatados em 51 revisões sistemáticas, com destaque para a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico. ● As cinco categorias de intervenções - Teleconsulta/eHealth, Educação, Automonitoramento/autogerenciamento, Tratamento farmacológico, Serviço de saúde - apresentaram efeito positivo ou potencialmente positivo acima de 50% para os desfechos avaliados.


HIGHLIGHTS ● This evidence map aims to present strategies that may be effective for the care of people with diabetes, hypertension or obesity. ● 93 systematic reviews were included, the majority of whose primary studies were carried out (65.1%) in North America, Asia and Europe. ● Interventions were classified into 5 categories and 26 subcategories. There was a greater frequency of the "Teleconsultation/eHealth" category and the "assistance care" subcategory. ● The analyzed outcomes were classified as clinical and non-clinical. Clinical outcomes were reported in 53 systematic reviews, with emphasis on blood pressure. Non-clinical outcomes were reported in 51 systematic reviews, with emphasis on adherence to pharmacological treatment. ● The five categories of interventions - Teleconsultation/eHealth, Education, Self-monitoring/self-management, Pharmacological treatment, Health service - showed a positive or potentially positive effect above 50% for the evaluated outcomes.


Subject(s)
Noncommunicable Diseases , Review , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Hypertension , Obesity
11.
Respirar (Ciudad Autón. B. Aires) ; 16(1): 85-92, Marzo 2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1551285

ABSTRACT

El sarcoma folicular de células dendríticas (SFCD) es una neoplasia maligna rara derivada de las células dendríticas foliculares. Ha sido clasificado, dadas sus características inmunohistoquímicas, como parte del grupo de los sarcomas, donde representa un porcentaje menor al 1%. Actualmente, existen menos de 1.000 reportes en la literatura a nivel mundial, lo cual plantea una dificultad no sólo diagnóstica, siendo confundido frecuentemente con neoplasias de tipo linfoide; sino también terapéutica al no existir un claro consenso sobre su manejo definitivo. Esta revisión de caso clínico describe el primer caso reportado de SFCD en Costa Rica.


Follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (SFCD) is a rare malignant neoplasm derived from follicular dendritic cells, which has been classified, given its immunohistochemical characteristics, as part of the group of sarcomas, where it represents less than 1%. Currently, there are less than 1000 reports in the literature worldwide, which generates a difficulty not only in diagnosis, being frequently confused with lymphoid type neoplasms; but also, as therapeutic as there is no clear consensus on its definitive management. This clinical case review describes the first reported case of SFCD in Costa Rica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Asthma/diagnosis , Cough/diagnosis , Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular/diagnosis , Mediastinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Obesity/diagnosis , Biopsy , Case Reports , Diagnostic Imaging , Immunohistochemistry , Thoracotomy , Costa Rica
13.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 74(1): 22-32, mar. 2024. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1555082

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La presencia de sobrepeso y obesidad aumentan la morbimortalidad de la población latinoamericana. La deficiencia de micronutrientes como el calcio y la vitamina D se han relacionado con un aumento del riesgo de obesidad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre la ingesta de vitamina D y de calcio con los factores de riesgo para obesidad en la población urbana costarricense incluidas en el Estudio ELANS. Materiales y métodos: Se incluyeron 798 participantes costarricenses del Estudio ELANS. Se determinó la distribución del consumo de calcio y vitamina D según las características socioeconómicas, la actividad física y los datos antropométricos. Se compararon los grupos con las pruebas U de Mann ­ Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis. Se realizaron modelos de regresión lineal y logística. Resultados: El consumo de calcio y vitamina D fue inadecuado en más del 98% de los participantes. Las mujeres, las personas con menor nivel socioeconómico, baja actividad física, de menor edad, con exceso de peso y obesidad abdominal presentaron un consumo menor de calcio y de vitamina D. El consumo de calcio y vitamina D es mayor en los grupos que tienen un menor IMC (p= 0,023 para calcio y p= 0,252 para vitamina D). Las personas con menor circunferencia de la cintura tuvieron más consumo de calcio y vitamina D (p= 0,002 para calcio y p= 0,008 para vitamina D). No hubo asociación del consumo en los modelos de regresión. Conclusiones: El consumo de calcio y vitamina D es deficiente en la población urbana costarricense y, presentó una relación inversa con el IMC(AU)


ntroduction: The presence of overweight and obesity increase the morbimortality of people in Latin America. Micronutrient deficiencies, such as calcium and vitamin D, are associated with an increased risk of obesity. Objective: To determine the relationship between vitamin D and calcium intake with risk factors for obesity in the Costa Rican urban population included in the ELANS Study. Materials and methods: For this analysis we used the 798 Costa Rican participants of the study (ELANS). The distribution of calcium and vitamin D intake was determined according to socioeconomic status, physical activity, and anthropometric measures. The Mann ­ Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis U tests were used, as well as linear and logistic regression models were performed. Results: Calcium and vitamin D intake was inadequate in more than 98% of the participants. Women, individuals with a lower socioeconomic level, low physical activity, younger age and those with excess weight and abdominal obesity presented lower consumptionofcalciumandvitamin D. Theconsumption of calcium and vitamin D was greater in the groups that have a lower BMI (p= 0.023 for calcium and p= 0.252 for vitamin D). The smaller the waist circumference, the greater the consumption of calcium and vitamin D (p= 0.002 for calcium and p= 0.008 for vitamin D). No association of the consumption of calcium and vitamin D was found in the regression models. Conclusions: Consumption of calcium and vitamin D is deficient in the Costa Rican urban population, and more prevalent among those with higher BMI. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2024(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Vitamin D , Calcium , Risk Factors , Overweight , Feeding Behavior , Obesity , Social Class , Exercise , Body Mass Index , Eating , Noncommunicable Diseases
14.
HSJ ; 14: 1-11, Março 2024.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1570963

ABSTRACT

Objective: To map the temporal evolution of overweight and obesity in Brazilian adults and estimate the prevalence of obesity for 2025 and 2030, evaluating the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Data were collected on the nutritional status of adults from 2008 to 2021 from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN), from which we calculated the prevalence and average annual rates of the variation of overweight and obesity. The projection of obesity, using linear regression, was analyzed in three scenarios: PP: with data from the pre-pandemic period (2008-2019); outlier: with adjustment of the data trend (2008-2021), including the pandemic period, considering a return of scenario PP for projections from 2022; P: adjustment of pandemic data (2019-2021) to estimate the projection. Result: In the period 2008­2021, we observed an average annual rate of overweight increase of 0.48 %/year. The prevalence of obesity more than doubled during this period, from 14.5% in 2008 to 32.9% in 2021 (i.e., an increase of 1.42). In the outlier scenario, the prevalence projections for obesity are 38.8% and 45.5% for 2015 and 2030, respectively. In the PP scenario (without the pandemic), the expected prevalence for the same period would be approximately 36.8% and 43.4%, respectively. Conclusion: Obesity and overweight follow an increasing trend. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the increase in the prevalence of obesity in Brazil and impacted its projections for the coming years


Objetivo: Mapear a evolução temporal de sobrepeso e obesidade de adultos brasileiros e estimar as prevalências de obesidade para 2025 e 2030, avaliando o potencial impacto da pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Foram coletados dados do estado nutricional de adultos de 2008 a 2021 do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN), a partir dos quais foram calculadas as prevalências e taxas médias anuais da variação de sobrepeso e obesidade. A projeção da obesidade, utilizando regressão linear, foi analisada em três cenários: PP: com dados do período pré-pandemia (2008-2019); outlier: com ajuste da endência de dados (2008-2021), incluindo o período da pandemia, considerando um retorno do cenário PP para projeções a partir de 2022; P: ajuste dos dados da pandemia (2019-2021) para estimativa da projeção. Resultado: No período de 2008 e 2021, observamos uma taxa anual média de aumento de sobrepeso de 0,48 %/ano. A prevalência de obesidade mais que dobrou nesse período, passando de 14,5% em 2008 para 32,9% em 2021 (i.e., um aumento de 1,42). No cenário outlier, as projeções das prevalências de obesidade são de 38,8% e 45,5% para os anos de 2015 e 2030, respectivamente. No cenário PP (sem a pandemia), a prevalência esperada para o mesmo período estaria em torno de 36,8% e 43,4%, respectivamente. Conclusão: A obesidade e o sobrepeso seguem uma tendência de aumento crescente. A pandemia de COVID-19 acelerou o aumento da prevalência de obesidade no Brasil e impactou a sua projeção para os próximos anos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Food and Nutritional Surveillance , Nutritional Status , Overweight , Nutritional Sciences , Pandemics , Obesity , Population , Primary Health Care , Projection , Adaptation, Psychological , Prevalence , Surveillance in Disasters , Food , Methods
15.
HSJ ; 14: 1-10, Março 2024.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1571178

ABSTRACT

Objective: To synthesize evidence involving pathophysiological and clinical-epidemiological linking mechanisms in women with breast cancer and metabolic syndrome. Method: This is a structured scoping review according to the Joanna Briggs Institute and was conducted in the PubMed, BDENF, LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, WPRIM, BINACIS, and Embase databases. This review is registered in the Open Science Framework. Result: Regarding the level of evidence of the included studies, moderate and strong evidence levels were predominant. There were no weak evidence findings in this research. The chronic inflammatory state of breast adipose tissue in patients with obesity can worsen the negative impact on cancer cells, directly affecting survival and recurrence. Unexplained weight gain or loss is associated with shorter survival in women with breast cancer, highlighting the need for specific guidance during treatment. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome is associated with the risk of breast cancer; however, massive weight loss during active disease can be associated with a worse prognosis and should therefore be prevented. Patients should be advised to maintain a stable weight during chemotherapy and to receive guidance on adequate nutrition and physical activity to increase muscle mass


Objetivo: Sintetizar as principais evidências envolvendo os mecanismos de ligação fisiopatológico e clínico-epidemiológico em mulheres com câncer de mama e a síndrome metabólica. Método: Trata-se de uma revisão de escopo estruturada conforme o Instituto Joanna Briggs, realizado nas bases de dados PubMed, BDENF, LILACS, IBECS, CUMED, WPRIM, BINACIS e Embase. Esta revisão encontra-se protocolada no Open Science Framework. Resultado: Com relação ao nível de evidência dos estudos inclusos, houve predominância para níveis fortes de evidência. Não houve achados de evidência fraca nesta pesquisa. O estado inflamatório crônico do tecido adiposo mamário em casos de obesidade pode agravar o impacto negativo nas células cancerígenas, afetando diretamente a sobrevida e recorrência. Ganho ou perda de peso inexplicável estão associados a uma menor sobrevida em mulheres com câncer de mama, sublinhando a necessidade de orientações específicas durante o tratamento. Conclusão: A síndrome metabólica esta associada ao risco de câncer de mama, entretanto, a perda maciça de peso durante a doença ativa pode ser um fator de pior prognóstico, devendo assim, ser realizada de forma preventiva. Os pacientes devem ser orientados a manter um peso estável durante a quimioterapia e receber orientações sobre alimentação adequada e atividade física em busca de aumento de massa muscular


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Therapeutics , Breast , Breast Neoplasms , Exercise , Cells , Metabolic Syndrome , Patients , Prognosis , Recurrence , Research , Science , Women , Weight Gain , Weight Loss , Adipose Tissue , Disease , Risk , PubMed , Diet , Drug Therapy , Nutritional Sciences , LILACS , Methods , Muscles , Neoplasms , Obesity
16.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1): 71-81, feb. 2024. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528835

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: This paper's aim is a morphometric evaluation of liver and portal vein morphometry using ultrasonography in healthy Turkish population. This study was carried out with 189 subjects (107 females, 82 males). The demographic data and the body surface area were calculated. The longitudinal axis of the liver for two lobes, diagonal axis or liver span, anteroposterior diameter of the liver and portal vein, portal vein transverse diameter, caudate lobe anteroposterior diameter, and portal vein internal diameters as well as longitudinal liver scans in an aortic plane, sagittal plane, transverse plane, and kidney axis were measured. All measurements were analyzed according to age, sex, body mass index, obesity and alcohol consumption. The mean values of the age, height, weight and body mass index were calculated as 44.39 years, 167.05 cm, 74.23 kg, and 27.06kg/m2 in females, respectively. The same values were 44.13 years, 167.70 cm, 75.93 kg and 26.71 kg/m2 in males, respectively. There was significant difference between demographic characteristics, gender, and alcohol consumption in terms of anteroposterior diameter of the liver, portal vein transverse diameter of the right side and liver transverse scan. Also, some measurements including portal vein transverse diameter, liver transverse scan and at kidney axis longitudinal scan of liver showed significant difference between the age groups. There was significant difference in diagonal axis and anteroposterior diameter of liver, portal vein internal diameter, and longitudinal liver scans of the aortic plane parameters between obesity situation. The findings obtained will provide important and useful reference values as it may determine some abnormalities related liver diseases. Also, age, sex, obesity and body mass index values can be effective in the liver and portal vein morphometry related parameters.


El objetivo de este artículo fue realizar una evaluación de la morfometría del hígado y la vena porta mediante ecografía en una población turca sana. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en 189 sujetos (107 mujeres, 82 hombres). Se calcularon los datos demográficos y la superficie corporal. Se midió eleje longitudinal del de dos lóbulos del hígado, el eje diagonal o la extensión del hígado, los diámetros anteroposterior del hígado y de la vena porta, el diámetro transversal de la vena porta, anteroposterior del lóbulo caudado y los diámetros internos de la vena porta, así como las exploraciones longitudinales del hígado en un plano aórtico. Se midieron el plano sagital, el plano transversal y el eje del riñón. Todas las mediciones se analizaron según edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, obesidad y consumo de alcohol. Los valores medios de edad, talla, peso e índice de masa corporal se calcularon como 44,39 años, 167,05 cm, 74,23 kg y 27,06 kg/m2 en las mujeres, respectivamente. Las mismas variable fueron 44,13 años, 167,70 cm, 75,93 kg y 26,71 kg/m2. Hubo diferencias significativas entre las características demográficas, el sexo y el consumo de alcohol en términos de diámetro anteroposterior del hígado, diámetro transversal de la vena porta del lado derecho y exploración transversal del hígado. Además, algunas mediciones, incluido el diámetro transversal de la vena porta, la exploración transversal del hígado y la exploración longitudinal del hígado en el eje del riñón, mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos de edad. Hubo diferencias significativas en el eje diagonal y el diámetro anteroposterior del hígado, el diámetro interno de la vena porta y los parámetros de las exploraciones hepáticas longitudinales del plano aórtico entre situaciones de obesidad. Los hallazgos obtenidos proporcionarán valores de referencia importantes y útiles ya que pueden determinar algunas anomalías relacionadas con enfermedades hepáticas. Además, los valores de edad, sexo, obesidad e índice de masa corporal pueden ser eficaces en los parámetros relacionados con la morfometría del hígado y la vena porta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Liver/diagnostic imaging , Portal Vein/anatomy & histology , Reference Values , Turkey , Body Mass Index , Sex Factors , Ultrasonography , Age Factors , Liver/anatomy & histology , Obesity
17.
Int. j. morphol ; 42(1): 197-204, feb. 2024. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1528841

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY: Obesity-related pathophysiologies such as insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome show a markedly increased risk for type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This risk appears to be linked to alterations in adipose tissue function, leading to chronic inflammation and the dysregulation of adipocyte-derived factors. Brassica rapa have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases, including diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nutritional stress induced by a high-fat and high-sucrose diet on the pathophysiology of visceral adipose tissue and the therapeutic effect of Brassica rapa in male Wistar rats. We subjected experimental rats to a high-fat (10 %) high-sucrose (20 %)/per day for 11 months and treated them for 20 days with aqueous extract Br (AEBr) at 200 mg/kg at the end of the experiment. At the time of sacrifice, we monitored plasma and tissue biochemical parameters as well as the morpho-histopathology of visceral adipose tissue. We found AEBr corrected metabolic parameters and inflammatory markers in homogenized visceral adipose tissue and reduced hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and lipid droplets. These results suggest that AEBr enhances anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and a protective effect on adipose tissue morphology in type 2 diabetes and obesity.


La fisiopatología relacionadas con la obesidad, como la resistencia a la insulina y el síndrome metabólico, muestran un riesgo notablemente mayor de diabetes tipo 2 y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica. Este riesgo parece estar relacionado con alteraciones en la función del tejido adiposo, lo que lleva a una inflamación crónica y a la desregulación de los factores derivados de los adipocitos. Brassica rapa se ha utilizado en la medicina tradicional para el tratamiento de varias enfermedades, incluida la diabetes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el efecto del estrés nutricional inducido por una dieta rica en grasas y sacarosa sobre la fisiopatología del tejido adiposo visceral y el efecto terapéutico de Brassica rapa en ratas Wistar macho. Sometimos a ratas experimentales a una dieta rica en grasas (10 %) y alta en sacarosa (20 %)/por día durante 11 meses y las tratamos durante 20 días con extracto acuoso de Br (AEBr) a 200 mg/kg al final del experimento. En el momento del sacrificio, monitoreamos los parámetros bioquímicos plasmáticos y tisulares, así como la morfohistopatología del tejido adiposo visceral. Encontramos parámetros metabólicos corregidos por AEBr y marcadores inflamatorios en tejido adiposo visceral homogeneizado y reducción de hipertrofia, hiperplasia y gotitas de lípidos. Estos resultados sugieren que AEBr mejora el efecto antidiabético, antiinflamatorio y protector sobre la morfología del tejido adiposo en la diabetes tipo 2 y la obesidad.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Plant Extracts/administration & dosage , Adipose Tissue/drug effects , Brassica rapa/chemistry , Insulin Resistance , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Rats, Wistar , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Intra-Abdominal Fat , Glucose/toxicity , Inflammation , Lipids/toxicity , Obesity/drug therapy
18.
Rev. cient. cienc. salud ; 6: 1-7, 30-01-2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1532698

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La convivencia o matrimonio puede conllevar a cambios en los patrones alimenticios y actividad física, afectando parámetros antropométricos como el perímetro abdominal. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el estado conyugal y el perímetro abdominal en adultos peruanos. Metodología. Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal a partir de datos de la encuesta nacional de salud familiar. La población fue de 29206 adultos desde los 18 años. Las variables fueron: estado conyugal, sexo y perímetro abdominal. Se usó las pruebas Ji-cuadrado, V de Cramer, Odds Ratio y razón de prevalencias crudo y ajustado mediante regresión logística binaria, y regresión de Poisson, respectivamente, siendo las variables de ajuste: consumo de alcohol, etnia, lengua materna, nivel educativo, índice de masa corporal, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y edad. Resultados. El promedio de perímetro abdominal fue mayor en adultos con estado conyugal casado/conviviente en ambos sexos, llegando en el rango de riesgo. Las mujeres con estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron altos porcentajes de perímetro abdominal de riesgo (85,30%) mientras que en hombres del grupo casado/conviviente fue más frecuente (57,70%)el perímetro normal. En el análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística binaria, las mujeres con el estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron 2,39 veces mayor de perímetro abdominal de riesgo que las solteras con una prevalencia 1,42 veces mayor. En hombres casados/convivientes, la probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado fue 1,40 veces mayor que en solteros, con una prevalencia 1,31 veces mayor. Conclusión. El estado conyugal casado/conviviente está asociado a una mayor probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado en esta población. Palabras clave: estado civil; circunferencia de la cintura; sobrepeso; obesidad; persona soltera


Introduction. Cohabitation or marriage can lead to changes in eating patterns and physical activity, affecting anthropometric parameters such as abdominal perimeter. Objective.To determine the relationship between marital status and abdominal circumference in Peruvianadults. Methodology. Observational, analytical, retrospective and cross-sectional study based on data from the national family health survey. The population was 29,206 adults aged 18 and older. The variables were: marital status, sex, abdominal circumference. The Chi-square test, Cramer's V, Odds Ratio and crude and adjusted prevalence ratio were used through binary logistic regression and Poisson regression, respectively, where the adjustment variables were: alcohol consumption, ethnic group, mother tongue, educational level, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and age. Results.The average abdominal circumference was higher in married/cohabiting adults in both sexes, reaching the risk range. Married/cohabiting women had highpercentages of at-risk abdominal circumference (85.30%) while in men in the married/cohabiting group the normal circumference was more frequent (57.70%). In the multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression, women whose marital status was married/cohabiting had a 2.39 times greater probability of abdominal circumference at risk than single women a prevalence of 1.42 times higher. In married/cohabiting men, the probability of a high abdominal circumference was 1.40 times higher than in single men, with a prevalence 1.31 times higher. Conclusion.Married/cohabiting marital status is associated with a greater probability of high abdominal circumference in thispopulation. Key words: marital status; waist circumference; overweight; obesity; single person


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Waist Circumference , Obesity , Single Person , Marital Status , Overweight
19.
Rev. cient. cienc. salud ; 6: 1-7, 30-01-2024.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDNPAR | ID: biblio-1571471

ABSTRACT

ntroducción. La obesidad infantil está asociada con una serie de problemas de salud tanto en la infancia como en la vida adulta. Los niños obesos tienen un mayor riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas, como la diabetes tipo 2, enfermedades cardíacas, etc. Objetivo. Determinar prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en una escuela de la ciudad de Luque enel mes de agosto del 2023. Materiales y Métodos. Estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal, con muestreo de casos consecutivos, en niños de 9 a 12 años de la Escuela Privada Madre Rosa Santaeugenia de la ciudad de Luque del departamento Central de Paraguay. Resultados. Participaron 100 alumnos, el 50%es de sexo femenino, el 55%tenía una edad entre 9 y 10 años. El 16%de los participantes se encontraban con sobrepeso u obesidad, el 58% refirió realizar al menos de 1 a 2 hora de actividad física fuera de la escuela, el 11% refirió pasar más de 4 h frente a una pantalla, el 38% confirmó nunca haber recibido en la escuela información sobre alimentación y estilo de vida saludable. Conclusión.Si bien en el estudio la mayor cantidad de participante se encontraba con un peso adecuado, el sobrepeso y la obesidad es una problemática alarmante alrededor de todo el mundo, lo cual es una lucha que debe abordarse de manera inmediata y el abordaje de este problema requiere un enfoque integral que involucre tanto a padres, educadores e instituciones educativa. Palabras clave: obesidad infantil; conducta sedentaria; niño; salud


Introduction. Childhood obesity is associated with a few health problems both in childhood and in adulthood. Obese children are at increased risk of developing chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, etc. Objective. To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a school in the city of Luque inthe month of August 2023. Materials and Methods. Descriptive, cross-sectional study, with sampling of consecutive cases, in children aged 9 to 12 years from the Madre Rosa Santaeugenia Private School in the city of Luque in the Central department of Paraguay. Results. 100 students participated, 50% were female, 55% were between 9 and 10 years old. 16% of the participants were overweight or obese,58% reported doingat least 1 to 2 h of physical activities outside of the school and11% of the participants referred having never received education aboutnutrition and healthy lifestyle at school. Conclusion. Although in the study most participants were of adequate weight, overweight and obesity is an alarming problem around the world, which is a struggle that must be addressed immediately and addressing this problem requires a comprehensive approach that involves parents, educators and educational institutions. Key words: pediatric obesity; sedentary behavior; child; health


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Pediatric Obesity , Child , Health , Sedentary Behavior , Obesity
20.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1031017

ABSTRACT

Objectives@#We aimed to study the trend of referrals for precocious puberty during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to pre-COVID years, explore the differences in the demographic and clinical features, and evaluate the contributing factors.@*Methodology@#The cases referred for assessment of PP from 2018-2021 to our endocrine centre were grouped into pre-COVID (2018-2019) and COVID (2020-2021) years. Cases fulfilling the diagnosis of PP included the onset of thelarche <8 years in females and 4 ml testicular volume <9 years in males. The PP was further differentiated as Isolated Thelarche (IST) and Central Precocious Puberty (CPP). Early menarche was defined as menarche <10 years old.@*Results@#There were more referrals for PP and more diagnosed as CPP during the COVID-19 pandemic, predominantly among females. There were more endocrine tests done and more cases received treatment. None of the abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pituitary findings required surgical intervention. The body mass index (BMI) was found to be positively associated with the risk of getting CPP with a crude-odd ratio (COR) of 1.8, P <0.001, and early menarche (COR 2.1, P <0.001).@*Conclusion@#We found a significant increase in the referrals of PP and diagnosis of CPP during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher BMI was found to be associated with CPP and early menarche.


Subject(s)
Puberty, Precocious , COVID-19 , Obesity
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