A retrospective analysis on nucleic acid screening of blood in south Zhejiang province after centralized detections / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#Through a retrospective analysis of serology and nucleic acid screening data of unpaid blood donors in south Zhejiang region, the role of nucleic acid detection in the reduction of transfusion-related infectious diseases was discussed.@*Methods@#179 369 unpaid blood donation in south Zhejiong province from Jan, 2016 to Dec, 2016 was chosen. Enzyme linked immunosorbent (ELISA) test for blood index of infectious hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus antibody (anti-HCV), human immunodeficiency virus antigen and antibody. At the same time the roche, haoyuan nucleic acid detection system were used for HBV-DNA, HCV-RNA, HIV-RNA in 6 or 8 doses mix samples three projects joint detection.NAT results of the serum with negative results in the serological tests were made statisticala analysis.@*Results@#A total of 259 ELISA-/NAT+ samples were detected, HBV-DNA+ 255 cases, HCV-RNA+ 5 cases, one case of HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA + , with a positive rate of 0.14%. The analysis system of roche nucleic acid mix inspection rate of positive was 1.40%, and the split inspection rate of positive was 60.72%. The mix inspection positive rate of the haoyuan analysis system was 1.63%, and the split inspection rate of positive was 41.67%.@*Conclusions@#The detection of nucleic acid can make up the deficiency of serological test, and effectively reduce the leakage of transfusion-related infectious diseases, and ensuring the blood safety in this area.

Activin receptor-like kinase 1 and its roles in angiogenesis / 中国病理生理杂志

Activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 1 is a transforming growth factor-β/bone morphogenetic pro-teins superfamily type Ⅰ receptor, predominantly expressed in active endothelial cells. ALK1 has been shown to play a piv-otal role in regulating angiogenesis, which is involved in vascular formation during embryonic and early postnatal develop-ment and angiogenesis-related diseases, such as cardiovascular disorders and tumor. Understanding the exact function of ALK1 in angiogenesis will provide theoretical basis for anti-angiogenic strategy of ALK1 inhibition. In the present study, we briefly recapitulate ALK1 signaling pathway and its role in blood vessel formation and pathological neovascularization.

Improved anti-tumor efficacy and pharmacokinetics of bufalin via PEGylated liposomes / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE To determine the characterization, anti-tumor efficacy and pharmacokinetics of bufalin- loaded PEGylated liposomes compared with bufalin entity. METHODS Bufalin- loaded PEGylated liposomes and bufalin- loaded liposomes were prepared reproducibly with homogeneous particle size by the combination of thin film evaporation method and high pressure homogenization method. The particle size and zeta potential of the liposomes were determined by dynamic light scattering technique. The direct imaging of morphology of liposomes was charactered by transmission electron microscope. The content of bufalin in liposomes was analysed by HPLC method. The entrapment efficiency and the particle size was applied to assess the stability profile, after storage at 4℃ on day 0, 7, 15, 30 and 90. The in-vitro release behaviours of bufalin from liposomes were conducted using dialysis bag technique at 37℃. In-vitro cytotoxicity studies were carried out using MTT〔3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide〕assay on several kinds of tumor cell lines including SW620, PC-3, MDA-MB-231, A549, U251, U87 and HepG2. In-vivo pharmacokinetic study of bufalin liposomes was evaluated by HPLC method. RESULTS Their mean particle sizes were 127.6 nm and 155.0 nm, mean zeta potentials were 2.24 mV and - 18.5 mV, entrapment efficiencies were 76.31% and 78.40% , respectively. In- vitro release profile revealed that the release of bufalin in bufalin- loaded PEGylated liposomes was slower than that of bufalin-loaded liposomes. The cytotoxicity of blank liposomes has been found within acceptable range, whereas bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes showed enhanced cytotoxicity to U251 cells compared with bufalin entity. In-vivo pharmacokinetics indicated that bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes could extend eliminate half-life time of bufalin in plasma in rats. CONCLUSION The results suggested that bufalin-loaded PEGylated liposomes improved the solubility and increased the drug concentration in plasma.

Analysis of HTLV infection among voluntary blood donors in Wenzhou / 中国输血杂志

Objective To analysis the human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection status in Wenzhou among voluntaty blood donors.Methods Selected 72 417 voluntary blood donors of Wenzhou from from March,1,2016,to November,30,2016,to screen HTLV-Ⅰ / Ⅱ antibody by ELISA method.The positive samples were reexamined two times,two test results of samples were determined positive by ELISA.HTLV positive samples was confiemed by Western Blotting (WB).Results Screened 23 cases of anti-HTLV positive by ELISA method,then confirmed 9 cases of HTLV positive by Western Blotting (WB).HTLV infection rate of Wenzhou blood donors was 0.01％ (9/72 417).Conclusions HTLV infection was found among volunteer blood donors in Wenzhou,but the HTLV infection rate of volunteer blood donors in Wenzhou is still at a relatively low level.

Optimization of preparation of curcumin-catanionic nanoparticles lipid carriers by central composite design-response surface methodology / 中草药

Objective: To optimize the formulation of curcumin-catanionic nanoparticles lipid carriers (Cur-CNLC) by central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM). Methods: Cur-CNLC were prepared by film dispersion-ultrasonic emulsifying method. A four factor, five-level central composite design was employed, with the solid lipid quality (X1), liquid lipid quality (X2), lecithin quality (X3), and mixed surfactant concentration (X4) as the independent variables. The dependent variables were the entrapment efficiency (Y1) and drug loading (Y2). The data were simulated using multi-linear equation and second-order polynomial equation, the possibly optimal formulation was predicted by response surface method. Results: The entrapment efficiency, drug loading, average particle size, polydispersity, and Zeta potential of the Cur-CNLCs prepared under the optimized conditions were (94.38 ± 2.67)%, (6.93 ± 0.39)%, (235.9 ± 9.6) nm, 0.272 ± 0.017, and (-28.40 ± 0.35) mV, respectively. The bias between the measured values and the predicted ones is less than 5%. Conclusion: The CCD-RSM is effective and suitable for optimizing the formulation of Cur-CNLC.

Effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on proliferation and serotonin transporter and 5-HT1 B R expression in hypoxia-induced rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells via Rho/Rho-kinase pathway / 中国病理生理杂志

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the effect of ginsenoside Rb 1 on the proliferation and the expression of serotonin transporter (SERT), 5-hydroxytryptamine 1B receptor (5-HT1BR) in rat pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) under hypoxia condition and the relationship with Rho /Rho-kinase signal pathway .METHODS: PASMCs were isolated from the adult male SD rats and primarily cultured .The subcultured cells from the 4th generation to the 6th generation were harvested and divided into normal group , and hypoxia group , different concentrations of Rb 1 incubation groups treated with 50, 100 and 200 mg/L ginsenoside Rb1 under hypoxia (HR50, HR100 and HR200 groups, respectively).The viability of the PASMCs was measured by CCK-8 assay.BrdU positive cells were determined using flow cytometry .The expression of serotonin transporter and 5-HT1BR at mRNA and protein levels was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. The PASMCs were randomly divided into normal group , hypoxia group , HR200 group and hypoxia +Y-27632 incubation group ( HY group ) .The mRNA expression of Rho-kinase and phosphorylated myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 ( p-MYPT1) protein level were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.RESULTS: Compared with normal group, the proliferation of PASMCs in hypoxia group was significantly increased (P<0.01).The cell viability and the ex-pression of SERT and 5-HT1B R at mRNA and protein levels in all different concentrations of Rb 1 groups were obviously de-creased compared with hypoxia group ( P<0.05 ) .The mRNA expression of Rho-kinase and protein level of p-MYPT1 were markedly decreased in HR200 group, and no significant difference compared with HY group was observed ( P <0.01).CONCLUSION: Treatment with ginsenoside Rb1 might prevent hypoxia-induced proliferation of PASMCs and over-expression of SERT and 5-HT1B R through inhibiting the Rho/Rho-kinase pathway .

Analysis of hepatitis B surface antibody in 3022 children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the positive rate of hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples from 3022 children who received a physical examination in outpatient departments from 2009 to 2011 were subjected to serological test using ELISA to measure the positive rate of HBsAb.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The positive rate of HBsAb decreased with age (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of HBsAb between boys and girls (P>0.05), however the positive rate of HBsAb in boys aged one year and over was lower than in girls of the same age (P<0.01). The positive rate of HBsAb in boys aged between 3 and 4 years was higher than in girls of the same age (P<0.01). The positive rate of HBsAb decreased with age in boys, and was lower in those aged two years and over than in those aged one year and over (P<0.01). The positive rate of HBsAb also decreased with age in girls, with significant differences between different age groups (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The positive rate of HBsAb decreases with age in children, so younger children have a higher risk of infection with hepatitis B virus. Serological monitoring of hepatitis B needs to be enhanced.</p>

Efficacy of ibutilide for cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation during radiofrequency ablation / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency and safety of ibutilide for cardioversion of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) during radiofrequency ablation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen patients (16 males) with persistent atrial fibrillation were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent circumferential pulmonary vein ablation guided by a Carto three-dimensional mapping system. In addition, linear ablation at the top of the left atrium and the isthmus of mitral valves and complex fractionated atrial electrogram (CAFE) ablation were performed. All patients were still in either atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter after ablation, the patients were treated with 1 mg intravenous ibutilide injection within 10 minutes after unsuccessful ablation. Intravenous injection was stopped in case of sinus rhythm (SR) restoration or occurrence of severe adverse reactions such as ventricular tachycardia. Cardioversion rate within 30 min and adverse reactions within 4 h were observed. Patients were divided into either conversion group or non-conversion group according to whether AF was converted to sinus rhythm within 30 minutes after injection.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eleven patients (61.11%) converted to SR after ibutilide injection. There were no significant differences in gender, age, body mass index, left atrium and left ventricular function between conversion group and non-conversion groups. The average conversion time was (13.80 ± 7.64) min, left atrium scar area ratio was significantly larger in non-conversion group (12.40 ± 11.03)% than in conversion group (5.12 ± 3.83)%, P < 0.05. Ibutilide significantly prolonged the average wavelength of the AF wave (171.8 ± 29.5) ms vs. (242.0 ± 40.0) ms at baseline, P < 0.01. The QT interval at 30 min after ibutilide injection (0.39 ± 0.21) s was significantly longer than before injection (0.51 ± 0.08) s, P < 0.05. There was no serious arrhythmias or other adverse reactions post ibutilide injection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Ibutilide is highly effective and safe agent for cardioversion in patients underwent unsuccessful ablation. Left atrium scar area ratio is an important determinant for the conversion rate in this cohort.</p>

Pharmacokinetic study of a new chewing gum dextromethorphan delivery system / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method for analysis of the pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability of dextromethorphan chewing gum tablets in rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The pharmacokinetic parameters and the relative bioavailability of dextromethorphan chewing gum preparation in rabbits were compared with those of the commercially available chewing dextromethorphan tablets using 3P97 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Pharmacokinetic analysis of the new dextromethorphan chewing gum tablets showed a AUC of 488.76 ∓ 175.00 ng.ml(-1).h, C(max) of 95.45 ∓ 17.53 ng/ml, and t(max) of 1.83 ∓ 0.57 h as compared with the corresponding parameters of 370.13 ∓ 90.56 ng.ml(-1).h, 174.00 ∓ 47.88 ng.ml, and 1.04 ∓ 0.14 h for the commercially available chewing tablets. The relative bioavailability of the new chewing gum medicine system was (140.73 ∓ 65.91)%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The new dextromethorphan chewing gum preparation shows an increased AUC((0→)), decreased C(max), and prolonged t(max) in comparison with the commercially available chewing tablets, with also a greatly enhanced relative bioavailability.</p>

Chronic outcome of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation post catheter ablation / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>High short-term successful rate was reported for catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF), we analyzed the long-term outcome (success rate, anticoagulation therapy and embolism event, anti-arrhythmic therapy and death post procedure) of catheter ablation for paroxysmal AF in this study.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2000 to December 2004, 106 consecutive patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal AF underwent catheter ablation and were followed-up for (60.7 + or - 11.8) months. Segmental pulmonary vein isolation (SPVI) was routinely performed by radiofrequency energy under the guidance of circular mapping catheter. The patients were followed up with 24 h-holter, ECG, telephone or letter. Data on recurrence of AF, the anticoagulation medication and the incidence of embolism, anti-arrhythmic therapy were obtained.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 9 patients lost to follow up. In the remaining 97 patients [65 males, (54.8 + or - 11.2) years old], 3 cases died from cancer, sinus rhythm was maintained in 68 patients (Group S, 72.3%) and AF recurrence evidenced in 26 patients (Group R, 27.7%). In Group S, 56 patients (82.4%) discontinued anticoagulation medication, and 12 patients continued to take aspirin. There was no embolism event in Group S during follow-up. In Group R, 1 patient continued to take warfarin; 11 patients continued to take aspirin and 2 patients suffered from cerebral embolism. Anticoagulation medication was discontinued in 14 patients (53.8%) and 1 patient suffered form cerebral embolism. The incidence of embolism event in Group R is significantly higher than in Group S (P < 0.01). More patients discontinued anti-arrhythmic medication in Group S than in Group R (80.9% vs. 56.0%, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Catheter ablation is associated with satisfactory long-term success rate, reduced anti-arrhythmia medication, improved quality of life in patients with paroxysmal AF.</p>

Detection of HBV DNA by PCR on HBsAg negative blood donors / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To define the application value of HBV DNA detection on HBsAg-negative blood donors and assess the necessity for nucleic acid detection.Methods Real-time PCR was used to detect HBV DNA on HBsAg negative blood donors.Pools of eight donor samples were used for NAT testing.Viruses were concentrated by centrifugation and the viral DNA extraction was performed using magnetic beads.If HBV DNA wag positive,serological indicators including HBsAg,anti-HBs,HBeAg, anti-Hbe,total anti-HBc was further detected.Results The HBV DNA detection limit was 25 U/ml.There were four HBV DNA positive cases among 23 225 specimens.and the detection rate was 0.17‰ The further serological examination showed anti-Hbe(+),anti-HBc(+) in the two cases and anti-HBc(+) in one case and anti-Hbs(+),anti-HBc(+)in 1 case.The viral load can range form 50 to 200 U/ml. Conclusions The results indicate that there is false negative possibility in blood screening by ELISA.It is necessary to employ anti-Hbe screening or NAT to blood donors screening.

Detection of Transfusion Transmitted Diseases among Recipients Before Transfusion and Volunteer Donors:A Comparative Analysis of Results / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To learn the relationship between blood recipients with transfusion transmitted diseases before transfusion volunteer donors.METHODS HBsAg,HCV antibody,HIV antibody and syphilis antibody in recipients and donorst were tested.RESULTS From 11 037,HBsAg was positive in 1019 cases(9.233%),anti-HCV positive in 61 cases(0.553%),anti-HIV was positive in 2 cases(0.018%),and syphilis was positive in 88 cases(0.797%).From 57 794 donors,HBsAg was positive(0.606%) in 350 cases,anti-HCV positive in 163 cases(0.282%),anti-HIV positive in 4 cases(0.007%),and syphilis was positive in 347 cases(0.600%).CONCLUSIONS The positive rates of HBsAg,HCV antibody and syphilis antibody among recipients are higher than that in blood donors.So,it′s reasonably to detect these serum infection markers in recipients before transfusion for the purpose of reducing or eliminating the occurrence of iatrogenal transfusion transmitted infection.