Analysis of the characteristics and related factors of executive function in adolescents / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the characteristics and related factors of adolescent executive function, so as to provide theoretical basis for promoting the development of adolescent executive function.@*Methods@#A total of 5 018 adolescents aged 13-18 from Shanghai, Suzhou, Taiyuan, Wuyuan, Xingyi and Urumqi were selected by convenient cluster random sampling method from September to December 2022, and their basic information, family status, lifestyle behavior, physical fitness and executive function were investigated by questionnaire survey. Considering the heterogeneity between schools, a multilevel Logistic model was established to analyze the related factors of adolescent executive function.@*Results@#The inhibitory function of high school students was better than that of middle school students (Z=-2.69). In terms of refreshment function, high school students were superior than middle school students (1-back:Z=-11.32; 2-back:Z=-11.36), and male students were superior than female students (2-back:Z=-2.18); in terms of shifting function, high school students were superior than middle school students (Z=-2.63), and boys were superior than girls (Z=-7.10)(P<0.05). The results of multilevel model analysis showed that the executive function of adolescents was clustered at the school level. At the individual level, junior high school refreshment function (1-back:β=56.94; 2-back:β=127.00), and shifting function (β=35.64) were worse than that of high school students; the refreshment function 2-back (β=-21.24) and shifting function (β=-28.42) of male students were better than those of female students; the refreshment function 2-back of nononly child was better than that of only child (β=-19.36); refreshment function of low fitness was worse than that of high fitness (β=37.35); the shifting function of the video screen time not up to standard was better than that of the standard (β=-14.30)(P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#The executive function of high school students is better than that of middle school students, the refreshment function and shifting function of boys are better than that of girls. Family environment, lifestyle and physical health are significant factors related to executive function of Chinese adolescents. By raising awareness of the major supporting and impeding factors for executive functioning in adolescents, it can help to develop effective intervention programs for adolescents.

Association between the ratio of dietary vitamin A to body weight and hypertension in children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the relationship between the ratio of dietary vitamin A (VitA) to body weight and hypertension among children, so as to provide a reference for blood pressure control through dietary nutritional interventions and childhood hypertension prevention.@*Methods@#Utilizing the baseline survey and followup sample data from the Healthy Children Cohort established in urban and rural areas of Chongqing from 2014 to 2019, structured quantitative dietary questionnaire and selfdesigned questionnaire were used to investigate the information of dietary intake and socioeconomic characteristics of 15 279 children, as well as blood pressure, height, weight measurement. The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight was divided into four groups based on quartiles [≤P25(Q1), >P25~P50(Q2), >P50~P75(Q3), >P75(Q4)]. Generalized linear regression models and Logistic regression models were used to analyze the correlation between ratio of dietary VitA to body weight with blood pressure levels and prevalence of hypertension.@*Results@#The results of the 2014 baseline survey indicated that, after adjusting for confounding factors such as demographic indicators and nutritional intake, significant differences were observed in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) among different groups categorized by the ratio of dietary VitA to body weight (F=157.57, 44.71, 95.92, P<0.01). The baseline ratio of dietary VitA to body weight in children exhibited a negative correlation with DBP, SBP and MAP at baseline and in 2019[baseline: β(95%CI)=-0.65(-0.89--0.42), -0.22(-0.42--0.01), -0.36(-0.56--0.16); 2019: β(95%CI)=-0.77(-1.34--0.19), -0.62(-1.21--0.02), -0.77(-1.34--0.19), P＜0.05]. Compared to Q1 group, the risk of hypertension decreased among children in Q4 at baseline and followup in 2019 [OR(95%CI)=0.63(0.49-0.81), 0.18(0.08-0.42), P<0.01].@*Conclusions@#The ratio of dietary VitA to body weight is significantly negatively correlated with blood pressure levels among children, and dietary VitA deficiency is an independent risk factor for hypertension among children. Measures should be taken to actively adjust childrens dietary nutrition and reduce the risk of childhood hypertension.

Epidemiological characteristics and etiological changes of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shijiazhuang City in 2009-2021 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Shijiazhuang City from 2009 to 2021, and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. Methods The epidemic data and etiological data of HFMD in Shijiazhuang City from 2009 to 2021 were collected, and descriptive epidemiological methods were used for data analysis. Results The reported incidence of HFMD in Shijiazhuang showed a fluctuating downward trend from 2009 to 2021, with a high incidence every other year in most years. The proportion of severe cases and the mortality rate showed a decreasing trend (χ2severe cases=282.09, P2mortality=51.33, P2=4 507.84，Pr=-2.85，P22 =521.86，P2proportion of severe cases=93.71，P=0.000，χ2mortality rate=26.62，P=0.000，χ2proportion of EV71=1060.86，P=0.000). Conclusion The incidence of HFMD in Shijiazhuang presented a declining trend, and the dominant etiological changes of different cases were different. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the etiological monitoring, health education and EV71 vaccination for the prevention and control of HFMD.

Rapid characterization and identification of non-volatile constituents in Pogostemonis Herba by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS combined with UNIFI and an in-house library / 中国中药杂志

This study aimed to characterize and identify the non-volatile components in Pogostemonis Herba by using ultra-perfor-mance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) combined with UNIFI and an in-house library. The chemical components in 50% methanol extract of Pogostemonis Herba were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS in both positive and negative MS~E continuum modes. Then, the MS data were processed in UNIFI combined with an in-house library to automatically characterize the metabolites. Based on the multiple adduct ions, exact mass, diagnostic fragment ions, and peak intensity of compounds and the fragmentation pathways and retention behaviors of reference substances, the structures identified by UNIFI were further verified and those of the unidentified compounds were tentatively elucidated. A total of 120 compound structures were identified or tentatively identified, including flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phenolic acids, terpenes, fatty acids, alkaloids, and phenylethanoid glycosides. Sixteen of them were accurately identified by comparison with reference substances, and 53 compounds were reported the first time for Pogostemonis Herba. This study systematically characterized and identified the non-volatile compounds in Pogostemonis Herba for the first time. The findings provide a scientific basis for revealing the pharmacodynamic material basis, establishing a quality control system, and developing products of Pogostemonis Herba.

Spinal curvature and associated factors among middle school students in the Yangtze River Delta Region / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand the prevalence and associated factors of spinal curvature in children and adolescents in the Yangtze River Delta Region and to provide reference and help for the prevention and intervention of spinal curvature in children and adolescents.@*Methods@#From September to November 2021, 8 246 middle school students in Anhui, Jiangsu, Shanghai, and Zhejiang provinces in the Yangtze River Delta Region were selected by stratified cluster sampling for spinal curvature assessment and questionnaire survey.@*Results@#The detection rate of spinal curvature in middle school students in the Yangtze River Delta was 8.46 %. Girls (9.82%) were significantly higher than boys (7.20%)( χ 2=18.25, P <0.01), and students from urban area (10.77%) was significantly higher than that of suburban area (4.94%)( χ 2=86.75, P <0.01). Junior high school students (6.65%) were significantly lower than high school students (10.34%)( χ 2=36.26, P <0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that urban area( OR= 2.58, 95%CI =1.72-3.86), time usage of electronic equipment ≥ 3 h/d( OR=1.61, 95%CI =1.14-2.29), break between near work for more than 1 h ( OR=1.42, 95%CI =1.01-1.97) and outdoor activity <2 h/d( OR=1.84, 95%CI =1.26-2.69) were positively correlated with the occurrence of spinal curvature( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#The detection rate of spinal curvature in middle school students in the Yangtze River Delta is relatively high, which is related to time spent on screen, near work and outdoor activity. Education and guidance should be strengthened to reduce the detection rate of spinal curvature.

Interpretation of Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cutaneous Basal Cell Carcinoma (2021) by A Multidisciplinary Team / 肿瘤防治研究

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignant tumor in dermatology with incidence rising rapidly. Expert consensus on diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (2021) was published in September 2021 by Skin Tumor Research Center, Chinese Society of Dermatology and Subcommittee on Skin Tumor, China Dermatologist Association. This consensus comprehensively describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, pathology, pretreatment assessment, treatment, prognosis, and follow-up education. It offers an important guideline for promoting the standardized diagnosis and treatment of skin BCC in China. In this work, multidisciplinary experts interpreted the main contents of the consensus, including clinicopathological findings, pretreatment assessment, and treatment advance.

Analysis of the allocation of chief examining physicians in health examination (management) institutions in 2019 / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To analyze the allocation of chief examining physicians in health examination (management) institutions in 2019.Methods:A current situation study. Using a census method, a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect basic information (such as institution name, address, nature, affiliation, category, and level) and the allocation of chief physicians (such as gender, year of birth, full-time or part-time, type of practice, level of professional title, and years of engagement in health examination and management work) of 5 428 health examination (management) institutions in 2019. The collected data were statistically analyzed using chi-square test.Results:In terms of the type of practice of chief physicians, the proportions of internal medicine physicians in public and privately-run institutions was 72.84% and 68.23%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference in distribution ( χ2=19.632, P<0.05); the proportions of surgeons was 27.16% and 31.77%, respectively. The proportions of internal medicine physicians in third-, second-, first-, and unclassified-level institutions was 75.76%, 69.14%, 68.60%, and 68.78%, respectively; the proportions of surgeons was 24.24%, 30.56%, 31.40%, and 31.22%, respectively; with a statistically significant difference in distribution ( χ2=47.682, P<0.05). In terms of the level of professional title of chief physicians, the proportions of associate senior physicians in public and privately-run institutions was 69.56% and 73.66%, respectively, and the proportions of senior physicians was 30.44% and 26.34%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference in distribution ( χ2=15.276, P<0.05); the proportions of associate senior physicians in third-, second-, first-, and unclassified-level institutions was 62.72%, 75.55%, 78.40%, and 74.51%, respectively, with the proportions of senior physicians being 37.28%, 24.45%, 21.60%, and 25.49%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference in distribution ( χ2=168.462, P<0.05). The average number of chief physicians per institution in China was 1.67, with the highest number in the North China (2.10) and the lowest number in the Southwest region (1.49). The compliance rate of chief physicians with qualifications was 33.37% nationwide, with only the North China (48.64%) and the East China (37.05%) surpassing the national average, and the lowest rate was in the Northeast region (24.01%). Conclusions:There are regional differences in the allocation of chief examining physicians in China, and the uneven and insufficient development of their skills and abilities remains a prominent contradiction.

Application of reflectance confocal microscopy in interface dermatitis / 中华皮肤科杂志

Interface dermatitis refers to a group of skin diseases in which inflammation mainly involves the dermo-epidermal junction, including lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, lichen sclerosus, lichen nitidus, lichen striatus, erythema multiforme, bullous pemphigoid, Riehl melanosis, poikiloderma, large-plaque parapsoriasis/mycosis fungoides, etc. Interface dermatitis shows characteristic reflectance confocal microscopic features. This review summarizes reflectance confocal microscopic characteristics of interface dermatitis and recent progress in the application of reflectance confocal microscopy in auxiliary diagnosis of interface dermatitis.

The application of experiential teaching method in humanistic care infiltration education of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Targeted to the junior nursing students in our university, we applied experiential teaching in the course of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing to carry out humanistic care infiltration education, which mainly included three parts: aesthetic activities in theoretical class, experiential activities in experimental class and enlightenment after class. After class, compared with the nursing students who were educated by traditional teaching methods, the quality of humanistic care of nursing students who accepted experiential teaching was improved more obviously. It is suggested that the application of experiential teaching is effective in infiltrating humanistic care education in nursing professional courses, which is also in line with the development of nursing discipline.

Microbubbles carrying resiquimod enhance HIFU ablation and co-stimulate tumor immune response / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To prepare the resiquimod-loaded lipid microbubbles R848-MBs, evaluate their enhanced ultrasound imaging and high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation effects, and explore their ability to improve tumor immune microenvironment synergize with HIFU.Methods:R848-MBs were prepared by the thin film hydration-mechanical shock method; The basic characteristics and safety of R848-MBs were detected, the HIFU controlled-release characteristics were verified in vitro and the drug metabolism and biological distribution were investigated in vivo. The ability of enhancing ultrasound imaging was observed in vitro and in vivo. To investigate the enhanced HIFU ablation effect of R848-MBs, six EMT6 tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into HIFU group and R848-MBs+ HIFU group, three mice in each group, the changes in contrast average sound intensity before and after ablation in mouse tumor areas and the change of ultrasound image gray value in tumor area were evaluated, the tumor were resected to observe the coagulative necresis by TTC staining and HE staining. Forty-five tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into control group, Free R848 group, HIFU group, Blank-MBs+ HIFU group and R848-MBs+ HIFU group, nine mice in each group. On the third day after treatment, 3 mice in each group were randomly selected and killed, to evaluate the ability of R848-MBs to improve tumor immune microenvironment synergize with HIFU. The expression level of CRT on the surface of tumor cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining, the proportion of mature DC in lymph nodes, spleen, and CD8 + T cells in spleen were detected by flow cytometry. The treatment effectiveness of each group( n=6) were evaluated by measuring tumor volume, observing and drawing survival curves. Results:The R848-MBs lipid microbubbles with good safety were successfully prepared, with a concentration of 2.58×10 9/ml, as spherical bubbles under optical microscope and laser confocal microscopy, in a particle size of (1.72±0.11)μm, at a surface potential of (-10.16±0.73)mV. The cumulative drug release was up to 83.44% after HIFU (90 W, 3 s) in vitro. The concentration of R848 in plasma decreased rapidly, and the drug concentration in tumor tissue of the R848-MBs+ HIFU group was higher than that of the R848 group 24 hours after treatment ( P<0.01). The ultrasound imaging of R848-MBs was significantly enhanced in contrast mode in vitro and in vivo; R848-MBs can significantly enhance the HIFU ablation effect, the contrast average sound intensity change in the tumor area before and after ablation in the R848MBs+ HIFU group was greater than that in the R848 group ( P<0.05), and the immediate ultrasound grayscale value change in the HIFU+ R848-MBs group was 46.34±3.21, which was significantly greater than that in the HIFU group (10.67±1.53), with statistical significance ( P<0.000 1). Coagulation necrosis was observed in tumor HE staining and TTC staining. The results of treatment efficacy in vivo showed that R848-MBs+ HIFU group had the strongest therapeutic effect, and R848-MBs combined with HIFU treatment could significantly prolong the survival period of mice compared with intravenous injection of free R848 ( P<0.01). Immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry results showed an increase in the expression level of CRT on the surface of tumor tissue in the R848-MBs combined with HIFU group, and the percentage of mature DC in tumor draining lymph nodes (58.53±1.04)% were significantly higher than those in the HIFU group (37.56±2.13)% ( P<0.001), and the percentage of mature DC in the spleen (70.65±1.91)% were significantly higher than those in the HIFU group (36.46±3.89)% ( P<0.001), the percentage of CD8 + T cells in the spleen (27.46±3.04)% was significantly higher than that in the HIFU group (18.69±0.29)% ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The HIFU controlled-release lipid microbubbles R848-MBs can not only enhance the efficiency of HIFU ablation, but also improve the tumor immune microenvironment.

Clinical characteristics and treatment of eight cases of pemphigus/bullous pemphigoid complicated by herpes simplex virus infection / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective:To retrospectively analyze clinical characteristics and treatment of pemphigus/bullous pemphigoid (BP) complicated by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.Methods:Inpatients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection were collected from Wuhan No.1 Hospital from 2016 to 2021, and their clinical characteristics, treatment and follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 8 patients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection, there were 2 males and 6 females, and their age was 50.6 ± 8.3 years. Five of them were diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris (PV), 1 with pemphigus foliaceus (PF), and 2 with BP. Seven were infected with HSV-1, and 1 with HSV-2. All the 8 patients were given systemic glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of pemphigus or BP, and were admitted to the hospital due to resistance to the treatment. Seven patients presented with exacerbation or recurrence of primary lesions, and 1 presented with enlarged lesions all over the body. HSV infection-induced lesions were located on the trunk in 4 cases, on the oral mucosa in 4, on the scalp in 3, and on the face in 2; lesions mainly manifested as irregular erosions with blood crusts, and some centrally umbilicated pustules; 7 patients had obvious pain at the lesional sites. During HSV infection, anti-desmoglein 1 antibody levels decreased in all the 6 patients with pemphigus, and anti-desmoglein 3 antibody levels decreased in 4 of the 5 patients with pemphigus vulgaris; anti-BP180 antibody levels decreased in 1 patient with BP, but increased in the other one with BP. After antiviral therapy at adequate doses for adequate durations (7- to 14-day treatment with valacyclovir alone or in combination with ganciclovir), HSV infection was controlled, the autoimmune bullous skin disorder intensity scores decreased compared with those before the antiviral therapy, and pain was significantly relieved in all the patients. No dose adjustment of glucocorticoids or other immunosuppressive agents was made during antiviral therapy in all patients.Conclusion:HSV infection should be considered when patients with pemphigus/BP suffer from recurrence or exacerbation and poorly respond to conventional treatment; for patients with pemphigus/BP complicated by HSV infection, systemic antiviral therapy at adequate doses can be used to control the disease condition without modifying the conventional immunosuppressive regimen.

Current Status and Challenges of Biological Sample Management in Clinical Trials / 中国医学伦理学

With the rapid development of clinical trials, the relevant medical research and molecular detection based on biological samples are closely related to the progress of clinical trials, making the role of biological samples in clinical trials increasingly obvious. The standardized supervision mode of biological samples is an important prerequisite for carrying out high-quality clinical trials. Although the laws and regulations related to clinical trials are becoming more and more perfect, there are still a large number of adverse events related to biological samples, which seriously affects the progress and results of clinical trials, and is one of the important challenges currently facing. Therefore, it is urgent to enhance the supervision of biological samples and improve the management methods of biological samples in clinical trials at this stage. Through in-depth discussion of the current status of biological sample management in clinical trials at home and abroad, this paper analyzed the issues existed during the supervision of biological samples, and supplemented the biological sample management methods by further combing the existing relevant laws and regulations and the Guidelines for the Ethical Management of Biological Samples in Clinical Trials, with a view to providing suggestions and ideas for optimizing the management mode of biological samples in clinical trials.

Intravesical Electrical Stimulation Improves Abnormal Prefrontal Brain Activity in Patients With Underactive Bladder: A Possible Central Mechanism / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

Purpose@#The aim of this study was to explore the mechanisms of central brain action in patients with neurogenic underactive bladder (UAB) treated with intravesical electrical stimulation (IVES). @*Methods@#We prospectively recruited patients with neurogenic UAB who chose to receive IVES treatment and healthy subjects (HS). At baseline, the following data were obtained: a 72-hour voiding diary; measurements of postvoid residual urine (PVR), voiding efficiency (VE) and first sensation of bladder filling (FS); American Urological Association Symptom Index Quality of Life (AUA-SI-QOL) scores, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy scans of the prefrontal cortex in the voiding stage. All UAB patients were re-evaluated for these indices after completing 4 weeks of IVES. A >50% improvement in PVR was defined as successful IVES treatment. Prefrontal activity was analyzed using the NIRS_KIT software, corrected with the false discovery rate (P<0.05). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. @*Results@#Eighteen UAB patients and 16 HS were included. IVES treatment was successful in 11 UAB patients and failed in 7. The PVR, VE, 24-hour clean intermittent catheterization, FS volume, and AUA-SI-QOL scores of the UAB group significantly improved after successful IVES treatment. BA9 (right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [DLPFC]) and BA10 (right frontal pole) were significantly activated after successful IVES, and no significant difference was found between the successful group and HS group after IVES. Before IVES, BA10 (right frontal pole) was significantly deactivated in the failed group compared with the successful group. @*Conclusions@#The possible central mechanism of IVES treatment for neurogenic UAB is that IVES reactivates the right DLPFC and right frontal pole.

Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 / 医学前沿

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the severe form of the disease. For COVID-19 patients with severe and critical illnesses, TCM can improve inflammatory indicators and blood oxygen saturation, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the mortality rate. During recovery, TCM can improve patients' symptoms, promote organ function recovery, boost the quality of patients' life, and reduce the nucleic-acid repositive conversion rate. A series of mechanism research studies revealed that capability of TCM to treat COVID-19 through antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, immune regulation, and protection of organ function via a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway approach.

Clinical effectiveness and safety of electromagnetic navigation-guided localization and CT-guided percutaneous localization for pulmonary nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To compare the effectiveness and safety of electromagnetic navigation-guided localization and CT-guided percutaneous localization for pulmonary nodules. Methods    The literature published from the inception to January 2021 about the comparison between electromagnetic navigation-guided localization and CT-guided percutaneous localization for pulmonary nodules in the PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMbase, Chinese Wanfang database and CNKI database was searched. RevMan (version 5.4) software was used for meta-analysis. Nonrandomized controlled trials were evaluated using methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS). Results    A total of six retrospective studies (567 patients) were included in this meta-analysis. MINORS scores of all studies were all 17 points and above. There were 317 patients in the CT-guided percutaneous localization group and 250 patients in the electromagnetic navigation-guided localization group. The complication rate of the CT-guided percutaneous localization group was significantly higher than that in the electromagnetic navigation-guided localization group (OR=11.08, 95%CI 3.35 to 36.65, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in the success rate of localization (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.16 to 1.48, P=0.20), localization time (MD=0.30, 95%CI –6.16 to 6.77, P=0.93) or nodule diameter (MD=–0.07, 95%CI –0.19 to 0.06, P=0.29) between the two groups. Conclusion    Electromagnetic navigation can be used  as an effective preoperative positioning method for pulmonary nodules, which has the advantage of lower complication rate compared with the traditional CT positioning method.

Research on the development of bio-pharmaceutical industry integration and collaborative innovation in the Yangtze River Delta under the mode of Industry-University-Research cooperation / 中国药科大学学报

@#After the integration of Yangtze River Delta was elevated and developed into a national strategy, few domestic studies have been conducted to explore the integrated and collaborative development of biopharmaceutical industry in the Yangtze River Delta region, which, as an important region of biopharmaceutical industry in China, has initially formed the development mode of industrial clusters. In this study, based on the industry-university-research model of patent and fund project cooperation, the social network analysis (SNA) method is used to analyze and study the cooperation of patent and Major Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China in the biopharmaceutical industry in the Yangtze River Delta region. The study shows that the industry-university-research cooperation in the biomedical field in the Yangtze River Delta region is still in the development stage and the degree of integration needs to be improved. Universities and research institutes are more inclined to cooperate with enterprises for invention patents and with other universities for fund project research.It is suggested that the Yangtze River Delta region should adopt the deep integration mode of industry-university-research, relevant leading scientific research institutions should establish open innovation platforms, and pharmaceutical universities should cultivate innovative talents with the advantages of their disciplines, and adopt "Revealing the List and Taking Command" or other ways to tackle key core technologies.

Changes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in workers exposed to noise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

Changes of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in workers exposed to noise / 中国职业医学

@#Objective - （ ）- （ ） To observe the effects of renin angiotensin Ang aldosterone system RAAS in workers exposed to Methods - - occupational noise. Forty five workers with suspected occupational noise induced deafness were selected as noise ， ， exposure group using convenient sampling method. According to their tinnitus symptom noise exposure intensity and work age - ， ， they were divided into no tinnitus and tinnitus subgroups <90 dB and ≥90 dB subgroups work years <10 years and ≥10 years subgroups. Another 45 workers with no occupational noise exposure history were selected as control group. The levels of plasma （ ）， ， ， renin activity PRA AngⅠ AngⅡ and aldosterone of the two groups were detected and the aldosterone to renin activity Results ratio was calculated. The diastolic blood pressure of the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group ［（ ）vs（ ） ，P ］ ， 80±7 76±8 mmHg <0.05 . However there was no significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the two （P ） （ ： groups >0.05 . The level of plasma AngⅡ in the noise exposure group was higher than that in the control group median vs ，P ） （ P ） 100.98 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes between the two groups all >0.05 . The （ ： plasma AngⅡ level in < 90 dB subgroup in the noise exposure group was higher than that of the control group median 123.16 vs ，P ） 65.43 μg/L <0.05 . There was no statistical significance in other indexes among the two subgroups of tinnitus symptom or （ P ） work age in the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . There were no significant differences in the abnormal ， （ P ） rates of PRA AngⅡ and aldosterone in plasma between the noise exposure group and the control group all >0.05 . Conclusion Occupational noise exposure may affect RAAS and lead to increased plasma AngⅡ levels in the workers. - Tinnitus and work age may not affect RAAS in occupational noise exposure workers.

Influence of retinopathy on macular edema after cataract phacoemulsification in diabetic cataract patients and analysis of related factors / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of diabetic retinopathy (DR) on macular edema (ME) after cataract phacoemulsification in diabetic cataract patients and its risk factors.Methods:A total of 170 diabetic cataract patients (170 eyes) who underwent cataract phacoemulsification in the department of ophthalmology, BenQ Medical Center Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected. All patients underwent monocular cataract phacoemulsification. They were divided into DR group (100 cases) and non diabetic retinopathy group (NDR group, 70 cases) according to whether or not DR was combined. The improvement of visual acuity and fundus lesions were compared between the two groups, the correlation between the severity of DR and the incidence of macular fovea retinal thickness and ME was analyzed, and the risk factors of DR were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of diabetes course, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) on ME.Results:Compared with NDR group, the DR group had better postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), larger area of vascular leakage and bleeding. The retinal thickness of fovea was significantly thickened, and the incidence of ME in DR group was significantly higher than that in NDR group (all P<0.05). The severity of DR was positively correlated with the retinal thickness of fovea and the incidence of ME (all P<0.05). The duration of diabetes, VEGF and IL-6 were independent risk factors for DR (all P<0.05). The best critical values for predicting me were 4.7 years, 127.82 pg/ml and 136.45 pg/ml, respectively. The combination of the three has higher diagnostic value. Conclusions:DR can accelerate the postoperative ME of diabetic cataract patients, and is positively correlated with the severity of DR. The duration of diabetes, VEGF and IL-6 are not only independent risk factors of DR, but also have high predictive value for the occurrence of ME.

Multimodal imaging and photothermal/chemotherapy in vitro study of peptide-mediated network engineering paclitaxel nanoparticles loaded with metal polyphenols / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective:To prepare a phase-change lipid nanoparticle modified by tumor homing membrane-penetrating peptide (tLyP-1) and carrying paclitaxel (PTX) engineered by metal polyphenol network (TA-Fe 3+ ), and evaluate the therapeutic effects of tumor targeting, ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging and photothermal combined chemotherapy in vitro. Methods:Phase-change lipid nanoparticles (t-P@TFP) with TA-Fe 3+ engineered PTX mediated by tLyP-1 were prepared by solvent replacement method, thin film hydration method and double emulsification method. Its detection and characterization, in vitro targeting ability, photothermal conversion ability, in vitro photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging ability, CCK-8 method, cell live and death double staining method and flow cytometry method were used to detect the safety of nanoparticles and the killing effects of different nanoparticles on 4T1 cells. Results:t-P@TFP nanoparticles were successfully prepared. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the nanoparticles were spherical with uniform shape and size, with a particle size of (209.8±1.56)nm and a potential of (-25.9±1.36)mV. Laser confocal scanning microscopy showed that t-P@TFP nanoparticles could gather around 4T1 cells in a targeted manner. It had an efficient photothermal conversion effect, and nanoparticles could quickly become microbubbles after being irradiated by near-infrared laser, which enhanced the in vitro ultrasonic imaging effect; The photoacoustic signal of nanoparticles increased with the increase of concentration. CCK-8 method, double staining of living and dead cells and flow cytometry showed that t-P@TFP combined photothermal chemotherapy had the best anti-tumor effect. Conclusions:t-P@TFP nanoparticles are successfully prepared. The nanoparticles have good targeting ability for photoacoustic and ultrasonic imaging and have good photothermal effect, killing breast cancer cells, which is expected to realize the integration of diagnosis and treatment.