RESUMEN
Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection is a Class Ⅰ carcinogen in gastric cancer,closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer.Many studies have shown that HP eradication has a preventive effect on gastric cancer.However,2.7%-6.1%of patients with early gastric cancer who have been eradicated after endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD)can still develop metachronous gastric cancer(MGC),and the mechanism of its occurrence is still unclear.In this review,the atrophy of gastric mucosa and intestinal metaplasia cannot be completely reversed after HP eradication,the excessive proliferation of gastric mucosa epithelial cells,the accumulation of genetic abnormalities,the homeostasis imbalance of the epigenetic group,changes in immune microenvironment,the abnormality of stem cells in gastric mucosa,chromatin accessibility,and changes in chromosome remodeling were discussed in the mechanism of carcinogenesis caused by the above molecular changes after ESD and HP eradication in early gastric cancer.
RESUMEN
With the rising incidence, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated hepatocellular carcinoma(NAFLD-HCC) has become the main type of liver cancer. Therefore, to improve the level of clinical diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD-HCC is of great value. This paper summarized the clinical characteristics of NAFLD-HCC, and has found that the NAFLD-HCC has a special nature course,without typical clinical manifestation; it is common in male, often accompanied with the metabolic syndrome, with single tumor and good differentiation. Serology, CT imaging and pathology are important in diagnosis of NAFLD-HCC. Improve living habits and strengthen exercise can prevent the occurrence of NAFLD-HCC. Drug and surgical treatment is still the most important means to treat NAFLD-HCC, while the effects of those treatments used in NAFLD-HCC have no significant difference compared with that used in other types of liver cancer. To summarize clinical features will help improve the level of diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD-HCC.It's necessary to constantly explore the pathogenesis of NAFLD-HCC in order to formulate the individualized prevention strategy of NAFLD-HCC which is of great significance.