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AIM To observe the effects of Sangtongjian Mixture (STJ) on glucose and lipid metabolism,insulin resistance and fat cytokines in type 2 diabetic rats,and their mechanisms of action.METHODS One hundred and forty rats fed on the combination of STZ and high fat diet were established as the type 2 diabetic models.Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level reached more than 16.7 mmol/L and then the rats were randomly divided into model group,metformin (180 mg/kg) group,STJ (73.5,147 and 294 mg/kg) groups.Ten rats were set as the blank group.Each treatment group was intragastrically given the corresponding agents for twelve weeks.The fasting blood glucose levels of rats were measured once every two weeks after the administration.After a 12-week administration period,glycosylated serum protein (GSP),glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb) and lipid profile indices (TC,TG,HDL-C and LDL-C) were determined.The serum insulin level was measured by radioimmunoassay,and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were calculated.The levels of serum adiponectin and leptin were detected by ELISA.RESULTS STJ remarkably decreased the levels of FBG,GSP,GHb,TC,TG,LDL-C,leptin and HOMR-IR in type 2 diabetic rats.Furthermore,STJ also significantly increased the levels of HDL-C,adiponectin and ISI.CONCLUSION STJ can improve glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats by ameliorating insulin resistance and regulating fat cytokine levels.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effect of Tongsaimai (TSM) tablets in treating foot trauma of diabetic foot (DF) model rats, and discuss its potential mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Male SD rats were selected to duplicate the diabetic foot ulcer model and randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, the metformin treatment group, and TSM 12.44, 6.22, 3.11 g x kg(-1) groups (n = 10). The healing of ulcer wounds were observed on day 1, 4, 8, 13 and 18. After 18 days, a histopathologic examination was conducted for ulcer tissues. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected by hydroxylamine and TBA methods. The content of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined with the radioimmunoassay. The immunohistochemical method was used to observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in ulcer tissues and the number of capillary vessels.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>TSM could alleviate the pathological changes of diabetic foot rats, accelerate the ulcer healing on 4, 8, 13, 18 d, reduce MDA, IL-6, TNF-alpha, VEGF content in rat serum at 18 d (after the rehabilitation period), and enhance the SOD content. Specifically, the TSM 12.44 g x kg(-1) group showed significant differences compared with the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). At 18 d after the treatment (the late rehabilitation period), the VEGF expression of TSM 12.44, 6.22 g x kg(-1) groups and the number of blood capillaries of the TSM 12.44 g x kg(-1) group were significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TSM could promote the foot wound healing of DF model rats, reduce MDA, IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels in serum, increase the SOD content and decrease the VEGF expression and the number of blood capillaries in the late rehabilitation period. Its action mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress injury and the inflammatory cell infiltration.</p>
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Animales , Humanos , Masculino , Ratas , Pie Diabético , Quimioterapia , Genética , Metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Interleucina-6 , Genética , Metabolismo , Malondialdehído , Metabolismo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Superóxido Dismutasa , Genética , Metabolismo , Comprimidos , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Genética , Metabolismo , Cicatrización de HeridasRESUMEN
Objective To study the directional migration of bone rnarrow-derived stenl cells (BMSCs)towards the glioma and the distribution of tbe migrated BMSCs in the brain. Methods In vitro cultured BMSCs isolated from the bone marrow of male Wistar rats were identified using immunofluorescence technique. and their stem cell properties wcrc assessed by means of induced differentiation in vitro into adipocytes and osteoblasts.Wistar rat models bearing glioma were established by stereotactic injection of C6 glioma cells into the basal ganglia,and 7 days later.Brdu-labeled BMSCs werc injected stereotaetically into the contralateral hemisphere or the contralateral ventricle, or intravenously via the tail vein.The rats were sacrificed 14 days afterthe BMSC injection,and coronal paraffin sections(5 μm thick)of the brain tissue were prepared.HE staining was used to observe the extent of intracranial glioma growth,and the distribution of the BMSCs in the glioma tissue as well as in the brain tissue was identified With immunofluorescent staining. ResuIts The BMSCs implanted into either the contrahteral hemisphere or the contralateral ventricle were found to migrate towards the glioma mostly along the needle tract,and distinct green fluorescence emitted by the labeled BMSCs Was detected on the boundary between the glioma and the normal brain tissue.A few fluorescent BMSCs were also seen around the glioma tissue after intravenous injection of the cells. Conclusion BMSCs injected into the cerebral parenchyma,contralateral ventricle,or the tail vein are capable of directional migration into the glioma tissue,suggesting their potential as a new vehicle for delivering therapeutic genes into the glioma tissue.