The Potential Role of Aripiprazole Augmentation for Major Depressive Disorder with Anxious Distress in Naturalistic Treatment Setting

Objective@#This study tried to observe clinical benefit of aripiprazole augmentation (ARPA) treatment for major depressive disorder with anxious distress (MDDA) in routine practice. @*Methods@#Retrospective chart review (n = 41) was conducted for clinical benefit of ARPA in patients with MDDA in routine practice. The primary endpoint was the mean change of Hamilton Anxiety Rating scale (HAMA) total scores from baseline to the endpoint. Additional secondary endpoints were also retrieved. @*Results@#The changes of primary endpoint HAMA (t = 5.731, −4.6, p = 0.001), and secondary endpoints including Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAMD, t = 4.284, −3.4, p ＜ 0.001), Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB, −0.9, t = 1.821, p = 0.026), and Clinical Global Impression Score-Severity (CGI-S, t = 3.556, −0.4, p ＜ 0.001) scores were also significantly improved during the study. No significant adverse events were observed. @*Conclusion@#This study has shown additional benefit of ARPA treatment for MDDA patients in routine practice. However, adequately-powered and well-controlled studies are necessary for generalization of the present findings.

A rare case report of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma with imaging features in a pediatric patient

Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma (AFD) is a rare benign odontogenic tumor that resembles an ameloblastic fibroma with dysplastic dentin. This report presents a rare case of mandibular AFD with imaging features in a young patient. Panoramic radiography and computed tomography revealed a well-defined lesion with internal septa and calcified foci, causing inferior displacement of the adjacent molars as well as buccolingual cortical thinning and expansion of the posterior mandible. The lesion was surgically removed via mass excision, and the involved tooth was extracted under general anesthesia. During the 5-year follow-up period, no evidence of recurrence was observed. Radiologic features of AFD typically reveal a moderately to well-defined mixed lesion with varying degrees of radiopacity, reflecting the extent of dentin formation. Radiologists should consider AFD in the differential diagnosis when encountering a multilocular lesion with little dense radiopacity, particularly if it is associated with delayed eruption, impaction, or absence of involved teeth, on radiographic images of young patients.

Family Strength: A Concept Analysis / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aims to analyze the concept of family strength using the Walker & Avant method. The goal is to clarify its defining characteristics, causes, and effects in order to deepen our understanding of its role in enhancing individual and family resilience. @*Methods@#Following Walker & Avant’s framework, this concept analysis involved a comprehensive review of literature from various disciplines. We extracted literature from databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE, ERIC, and PMUSE. @*Results@#The analysis revealed three key attributes of family strength: family cohesion, family coping capacity, and family engagement. These attributes are supported by factors such as positive communication, shared values and goals, and access to resources. The outcomes of family strength include enhanced personal growth, effective crisis management, and reduced risk of family dysfunction. @*Conclusion@#Family strength is a vital factor in promoting resilience and well-being within family units, regardless of family structure. These findings support a strengths-based approach in clinical and research settings, emphasizing the use of inherent family strengths to support individual and family development.

Factors Influencing Suicidal Ideation in Middle Aged Adults: Focused on Gender Differences / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study investigated levels of economic stress, depression, existential well-being, and family function, and analyzed their influences on suicidal ideation in middle aged adults. @*Methods@#This study included 217 adults aged of 40~65 years. Data were collected from July to August 2019. Data were analyzed separately according to the genders. Descriptive analysis, t-test, Cronbach’s ⍺, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted using SPSS 23.0 software. @*Results@#The suicidal ideation of the subjects had positive correlations with economic stress and depression but negative correlations with existential well-being and family function. The most significant factor affecting suicidal ideation of middle aged men was depression (β=.68, p<.001), with an overall explanatory power of 46.8%, while the suicidal ideation of middle aged women was substantially affected by depression (β=.53, p<.001), marriage status (β=-.17, p=.028), and presence of chronic diseases (β=.16, p=.030), with an overall explanatory power of 41.6%. @*Conclusion@#The origins of suicidal ideation in middle aged men and women were different. Therefore, suicide prevention plans, nursing interventions, and policies for middle aged adults must consider gender differences.

Additional Clinical Benefit of Agomelatine Treatment for Major Depressive Disorder in Naturalistic Treatment Setting

Objective@#This study tried to observe additional benefit of agomelatine (AGO) treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD) in routine practice. @*Methods@#Retrospective chart review (n = 63) was conducted for additional benefit of combination with or switching to AGO in MDD patients without full remission. The primary endpoint was the mean change of Clinical Global Impression-Clinical Benefit (CGI-CB) total scores from baseline to the endpoint. Additional secondary endpoints were also collected. @*Results@#The changes of CGI-CB (Z = −3.073, p = 0.002) and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (Z = −3.483, p ＜ 0.001) total scores were significantly decreased from baseline to the endpoint, respectively. At the endpoint, the remission rate was 22.6% (n = 18) and 28.6% of patient had improvement in CGI-CB total scores at the endpoint.No significant adverse events were observed. @*Conclusion@#This study has shown additional benefit of AGO treatment as combination or switching agent for MDD patients without full remission in routine practice. However, adequately-powered and well-controlled studies are necessary for generalization of the present findings.

An analysis of Research Published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing from 2013 to 2022 using Text Network Analysis and Topic Modeling / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study aimed to examine research published in the Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing (JKPMHN) from 2013 to 2022. @*Methods@#Descriptive statistics, text network analysis, and topic modeling were used to analyze 368 articles. @*Results@#The most prevalent research designs in the articles published during the past decade were cross-sectional studies (44.6%) and qualitative research (19.2%). The subjects of the included studies were people with mental illnesses (18.7%), nursing students (11.7%), and psychiatric nurses (8.7%). A text network comprised of the keywords from the research abstracts was constructed and presented. The text network analysis identified the main keywords as: “depression”, “family”, “stress”, “intervention”, “life”, “suicide”, “communication”, “alcoholics”, and “experience”. Seven topics were derived through the topic modeling: nursing intervention for mental health problems, nursing research for patients with mental illnesses, the competency of mental health nurses, the meaning derived from life experience, family in mental health, the mental health of nurses, and the mental health of students. @*Conclusion@#This study determined the recent research trends in the JKPMHN. In psychiatric nursing research, efforts should continue to serve as the basis for practice and produce relevant evidence, and research priorities need to be established.

A Structural Equation Model of Subjective Happiness in Menopausal Middle-aged Women / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to build a structural model to explain subjective happiness in menopausal middle-aged women. @*Methods@#A hypothesized model was established based on literature review. Emotional stress and family support were included as exogenous variables whereas active coping, resilience, and subjective happiness were included as endogenous variables. This study was conducted using data from 228 middle-aged menopausal women living in the Republic of Korea that fit the structural equation model. The data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 and Amos 20.0 programs. @*Results@#Emotional stress was revealed as the most influential factor affecting subjective happiness. Emotional stress had a negative direct, indirect, and total effect on subjective happiness. Family support had positive indirect and total effects, and resilience had positive direct and total effects on subjective happiness. @*Conclusion@#To enhance subjective happiness of menopausal middle-aged women, nursing interventions, which reduce emotional stress and improve resilience, should be provided. Family-level nursing intervention should be also developed to promote family support.

Effects of Physical Activity on Reducing Depression and Menopausal Symptoms: A Meta-Analysis / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study systematically reviewed the effects of physical activity on depression and various menopausal symptoms in middle-aged women. We aimed to identify physical activity as a useful intervention for mitigating the physiological and psychological challenges associated with menopause and promoting healthy aging. @*Methods@#Electronic searches were conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library databases using predefined keywords “menopause” and “physical activities”. Of the 1,391 initial articles, 15 randomized controlled trials involving 1,692 middle-aged women were included. @*Results@#Physical activities led to a reduction in depressive symptoms, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.60 (95% CI, -0.90 to -0.30). Moreover, all menopausal symptoms, except vasomotor symptoms, were decreased. Specifically, the SMDs for the five subscales of menopausal symptoms were as follows: total scores: -1.53 (95% CI, -2.57 to -0.49); vasomotor: -0.76 (95% CI, -1.53 to 0.00); psychological: -0.93 (95% CI, -1.62 to -0.25); physical: -1.10 (95% CI, -1.77 to -0.43); and urogenital/sexual: -0.67 (95% CI, -1.23 to -0.12). @*Conclusion@#Physical activity is beneficial for middle-aged women transitioning from peri- to post-menopause. Engagement in physical activity can contribute to the maintenance of overall health and well-being during aging by reducing depression and menopausal symptoms.

The Process of Adapting to Daily Life after Discharge of Self-injury Adolescents / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to understand the process of adapting to daily life after discharge of self-injury adolescents and to develop a substantive theory that can explain their experiences. @*Methods@#Data collection and analysis were conducted through interviews with 9 participants who returned to their daily life after discharge, and data analysis was conducted according to the grounded theory approach. @*Results@#As a result of the analysis, a total of 31 concepts and 9 categories were derived, and were classified into the areas of conditions, actions-interactions, and consequences according to the grounded theory paradigm. As a core category that can explain all these concepts and categories, ‘balance oneself in a precarious daily life’ was derived. @*Conclusion@#In this study, a theory in which this process was composed in the order of return stage, crisis stage, and transformative stage, was presented. Finally, the discussions and suggestions of this study based on these results were described.

Transfer learning in a deep convolutional neural network for implant fixture classification:A pilot study

Purpose@#This study aimed to evaluate the performance of transfer learning in a deep convolutional neural network for classifying implant fixtures. @*Materials and Methods@#Periapical radiographs of implant fixtures obtained using the Superline (Dentium Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea), TS III (Osstem Implant Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea), and Bone Level Implant (Institut Straumann AG, Basel, Switzerland) systems were selected from patients who underwent dental implant treatment. All 355 implant fixtures comprised the total dataset and were annotated with the name of the system. The total dataset was split into a training dataset and a test dataset at a ratio of 8 to 2, respectively. YOLOv3 (You Only Look Once version 3, available at https://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/), a deep convolutional neural network that has been pretrained with a large image dataset of objects, was used to train the model to classify fixtures in periapical images, in a process called transfer learning. This network was trained with the training dataset for 100, 200, and 300 epochs. Using the test dataset, the performance of the network was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. @*Results@#When YOLOv3 was trained for 200 epochs, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and confidence score were the highest for all systems, with overall results of 94.4%, 97.9%, 96.7%, and 0.75, respectively. The network showed the best performance in classifying Bone Level Implant fixtures, with 100.0% sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. @*Conclusion@#Through transfer learning, high performance could be achieved with YOLOv3, even using a small amount of data.

Factors Job Commitment of Preceptor Nurse / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study was investigated the effects of job stress, communication type, and coaching competency on job commitment. @*Methods@#The subjects of this study were 153 preceptor nurses at a general hospital located in S city. The data collection period was from April 1 to April 15, 2021. A self-report questionnaire was used as the data collection method. @*Results@#(β=-.29, p<.001), ptimism coaching competency (β=.30, p<.001), dysfunctional communication type (β=.16, p=.020). @*Conclusion@#For job immersion, job stress management is required, and in particular, in relation to job tension, it is necessary to prepare a plan to increase job immersion through management because nurses perform the role of educating new nurses as well as their duties as nurses optimism plays a very important role in coaching competency. Therefore, it is necessary to increase professionalism developa systematic preceptorship program.

Dental Radiography for Age Estimation: A Scoping Review

Purpose@#This study was to investigate the types of imaging modalities, analytical methods for age estimation, and the age of the subjects in research on age estimation using dental radiography through a scoping review, and to investigate the overall trends in age estimation studies. @*Materials and Methods@#A scoping review was designed according to the Arksey and O’Malley guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Three electronic databases were used as search sources (Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library). Studies were classified according to the three main components of the research question. “What are the imaging modalities, analytical methods, and target age in dental imaging-based age estimation studies?”Result: The final 198 studies were selected by two reviewers. The most common imaging modality used in studies was panoramic radiography (69.7%), and studies using cone-beam computed tomography have increased over time. Analytical methods for age estimation were 62.6% in studies based on tooth development and 26.3% in studies using pulp/tooth ratio. The subject age was 27.8% for children and 27.3% for adults. Studies conducted in all age groups comprised the smallest category (5.2%). @*Conclusion@#Panoramic radiography has been the most used types of imaging modalities for age estimation, and the most common analytical method was analysis of tooth development. Most studies targeted specific ages, and very few involved all age groups. Dental age estimation studies should be carried out with appropriate consideration of the imaging modality that is analyzed, the methods that are used, and the age that is targeted.

Efficacy of corticosteroid ductal irrigation in acute salivary gland inflammation induced in a rat model

Purpose@#This study aimed to compare the therapeutic effects of corticosteroid irrigations and normal saline irrigations in the early inflammatory state of the salivary gland. @*Materials and Methods@#Adult male Wistar rats were divided into experimental (n=6) and control (n=3) groups. Inflammation was induced in the experimental subjects on both sides of the submandibular gland with ligation. After 14 days, both sides of the glands were de-ligated and retroductal irrigation using saline (n=3) and a corticosteroid (n=3) was performed on the left sides only. The controls (n=3) were used to normalize the gland state for the effects of diet and aging. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to confirm inflammation and post-irrigation gland recovery by measuring relative signal intensity (SI). The glands were excised for histological examination. @*Results@#All experimental animals showed inflamed glands with increased SI and subsequent recovery of the gland with decreased SI to varying degrees. The SI of the controls showed no significant changes during the overall period. The mean SI change of the irrigated gland was higher than that of the non-irrigated side, without a significant difference. The corticosteroid-irrigated glands showed a greater change in SI than that of the saline-irrigated glands. Histology revealed that inflammation was not observed in most of the irrigated glands, while mild to moderate quantities inflammatory cells were found in non-irrigated glands. @*Conclusion@#Corticosteroid irrigation mitigated the early stages of salivary gland inflammation more effectively than normal saline.

Synthesis of T2-weighted images from proton density images using a generative adversarial network in a temporomandibular joint magnetic resonance imaging protocol

Purpose@#This study proposed a generative adversarial network (GAN) model for T2-weighted image (WI) synthesis from proton density (PD)-WI in a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol. @*Materials and Methods@#From January to November 2019, MRI scans for TMJ were reviewed and 308 imaging sets were collected. For training, 277 pairs of PD- and T2-WI sagittal TMJ images were used. Transfer learning of the pix2pix GAN model was utilized to generate T2-WI from PD-WI. Model performance was evaluated with the structural similarity index map (SSIM) and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) indices for 31 predicted T2-WI (pT2). The disc position was clinically diagnosed as anterior disc displacement with or without reduction, and joint effusion as present or absent. The true T2-WI-based diagnosis was regarded as the gold standard, to which pT2-based diagnoses were compared using Cohen’s ĸ coefficient. @*Results@#The mean SSIM and PSNR values were 0.4781(±0.0522) and 21.30(±1.51) dB, respectively. The pT2 protocol showed almost perfect agreement (ĸ=0.81) with the gold standard for disc position. The number of discordant cases was higher for normal disc position (17%) than for anterior displacement with reduction (2%) or without reduction (10%). The effusion diagnosis also showed almost perfect agreement (ĸ=0.88), with higher concordance for the presence (85%) than for the absence (77%) of effusion. @*Conclusion@#The application of pT2 images for a TMJ MRI protocol useful for diagnosis, although the image quality of pT2 was not fully satisfactory. Further research is expected to enhance pT2 quality.

Unintentional temporomandibular joint disc reduction after orthognathic surgery: A case report with long-term imaging follow-up

This report presents a rare case where a displaced temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc was reduced to its normal position after orthognathic surgery, and long-term magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) follow-up visualized these postoperative changes. A 22-year-old male patient presented for facial asymmetry. He also complained of pain in the right TMJ area, and MRI showed disc displacements in both TMJs. After orthognathic surgery for facial asymmetry correction, the TMJ was re-evaluated. The symptom had resolved and the disc was positioned within the normal range during mouth opening. However, 6 and a half years after surgery, he complained of recurrent pain in the right joint, and MRI revealed medial disc displacement in the right TMJ. In conclusion, the influence of orthognathic surgery on the disc position might continue for a long time until the TMJ adapts to the new position. Careful and long-term follow-up is suggested to assess the TMJ complex.

The Effect of Self-Esteem, Stress, Family Support, and Resilience on Interpersonal Relationship Competence in Depressive Disorder Patients / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study is to identify the interpersonal relationship competence level of depressive disorder patients and to analyze the correlation among factors determining support, and resilience, and how such factors might affect interpersonal relationship competence of depressive disorder patients. @*Methods@#This study included 137 patients with depressive disorder at the Gyeonggi-do hospital who consented to participate. Data were collected from September, 2019 to June, 2020. Descriptive analysis, t-test, Cronbach's coefficient, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted using SPSS 24.0 program. @*Results@#The interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder showed positive correlations with self-esteem, family support, and resilience. The factor affecting interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder was resilience (β=.52, p<.001), and the overall explanatory power of this factor was 28%. @*Conclusion@#This study showed that resilience was an important variable which influenced interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder. To enhance the interpersonal relationship competence of patients with depressive disorder, it is necessary to develop and implement training programs which would enhance resilience and educational programs in order to help patients with depressive disorder increase interpersonal relationship competence.

Work Performance, Anger Management Ability, Resiliece, and Self Compassion of Clinical Nurses / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study is aimed to identify the influence of nurses’ anger management ability, resilience, and self-compassion on their nursing work performance. @*Methods@#The study included 220 nurses from 5 hospitals in Gyeonggi-do who consented to participate. Data were collected from July 20 to August 20, 2019. It was conducted that Descriptive analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression, ANOVA, and Scheffétest using SPSS 25.0 program.Result: The nurses' work performance showed positive correlations with anger management ability, resilience, and self-compassion. Factors affecting the work performance of nurses were resilience (β=.46, p<.001), total work experience (β=.22, p=.014), current department work experience (β=.17, p=.009), anger management ability (β=.13, p=.026), and the overall explanatory power of these factors was 54.6%. @*Conclusion@#This study showed that resilience, total work experience, current work experience, and anger management ability were important variables that influence the work performance of nurses. To enhance the nursing performance of clinical nurses, it is necessary to develop and implement training programs that enhance resilience and educational programs that help them manage their anger management ability.

The Moderating Effects of Self-esteem and Ego-resilience on the Relationship between Emotional Labor, Depressive Symptom, and Job Satisfaction in Nurses / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#The purpose of this study is to identify that emotional labor has effect on depressive symptom, job satisfaction, and moderating effect of self-esteem and ego-resilience of nurses. @*Methods@#Data were collected by questionnaires from 224 nurses university hospitals from May 8 to May 19, 2017, analyzing by hierarchical multiple regression. @*Results@#There was a significant positive correlation with emotional labor and depressive symptom. Also emotional labor was significant negative correlation with job satisfaction, self-esteem, and ego-resilience. Ego-resilience had a moderating effect that emotional labor affected depressive symptom and job satisfaction. @*Conclusion@#In this study, Ego-resilience were found to have a significant moderating effect in relation to emotional labor, depressive symptom, and job satisfaction. Therefore, it's needed to consider the ego-resilience when developing emotional labor management program of nurses.

Differences in mandibular condyle and glenoid fossa morphology in relation to vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns: A cone-beam computed tomography study / 대한치과교정학회지

Objective@#This study aimed to evaluate the following null hypothesis: there are no differences in the morphology of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) structures in relation to vertical and sagittal cephalometric patterns. @*Methods@#This retrospective study was performed with 131 participants showing no TMJ symptoms. The participants were divided into Class I, II, and III groups on the basis of their sagittal cephalometric relationships and into hyperdivergent, normodivergent, and hypodivergent groups on the basis of their vertical cephalometric relationships. The following measurements were performed using cone-beam computed tomography images and compared among the groups: condylar volume, condylar size (width, length, and height), fossa size (length and height), and condyle-to-fossa joint spaces at the anterior, superior, and posterior condylar poles. @*Results@#The null hypothesis was rejected. The Class III group showed larger values for condylar width, condylar height, and fossa height than the Class II group (p < 0.05). Condylar volume and superior joint space in the hyperdivergent group were significantly smaller than those in the other two vertical groups (p < 0.001), whereas fossa length and height were significantly larger in the hyperdivergent group than in the other groups (p < 0.01). The hypodivergent group showed a greater condylar width than the hyperdivergent group (p < 0.01). The sagittal and vertical cephalometric patterns showed statistically significant interactions for fossa length and height. @*Conclusions@#TMJ morphology differed across diverse skeletal cephalometric patterns. The fossa length and height were affected by the interactions of the vertical and sagittal skeletal patterns.

Work Performance, Anger Management Ability, Resiliece, and Self Compassion of Clinical Nurses / 정신간호학회지

Purpose@#This study is aimed to identify the influence of nurses’ anger management ability, resilience, and self-compassion on their nursing work performance. @*Methods@#The study included 220 nurses from 5 hospitals in Gyeonggi-do who consented to participate. Data were collected from July 20 to August 20, 2019. It was conducted that Descriptive analysis, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression, ANOVA, and Scheffétest using SPSS 25.0 program.Result: The nurses' work performance showed positive correlations with anger management ability, resilience, and self-compassion. Factors affecting the work performance of nurses were resilience (β=.46, p<.001), total work experience (β=.22, p=.014), current department work experience (β=.17, p=.009), anger management ability (β=.13, p=.026), and the overall explanatory power of these factors was 54.6%. @*Conclusion@#This study showed that resilience, total work experience, current work experience, and anger management ability were important variables that influence the work performance of nurses. To enhance the nursing performance of clinical nurses, it is necessary to develop and implement training programs that enhance resilience and educational programs that help them manage their anger management ability.