Influence of individual and family characteristics on middle school students mental health status during COVID-19 pandemic / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This study aims to investigate the impact of individual and family factors on anxiety and loneliness of middle school students during quarantine in the COVID-19 pandemic and to provide reference for discussing the possible effective intervention paths in the stress process of public health emergencies.@*Methods@#A total of 11 596 students from junior and high schools in Shanghai were selected to complete the questionnaire with the stratified random cluster sampling method. Generalized Anxiety Disorder(GAD-7) and UCLA Loneliness Scale, University of California at Los Angeles(ULS-6) were used for the survey.@*Results@#The prevalence of anxiety and loneliness were 34.78% and 52.44% respectively. The rate of anxiety and loneliness in girls (36.13%, 54.62%) was higher than that of boys (33.44%, 50.28%)(χ 2=17.03, 21.82, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that graduates (OR=1.34, 95%CI=1.18-1.52), students ranking in the middle (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.08-1.45) or in the bottom 25% (OR=1.76, 95%CI=1.50-2.05), non only children in the family (OR=1.25, 95%CI=1.09-1.43) and low socioeconomic status (OR=1.42, 95%CI=1.23-1.65) were associated with increased risk of moderate and severe level of anxiety(P<0.05). Girls(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.12-1.30), graduates(OR=1.13, 95%CI=1.04-1.24), non residents(OR=1.20, 95%CI=1.09-1.33), lower level of grades(OR=1.72, 95%CI=1.55-1.91) and not living with parents(OR=1.32, 95%CI=1.18-1.48) were associated with increased risk of loneliness(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#During the quarantine period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, negative emotions such as anxiety and loneliness among adolescents need attention, especially females, graduates, only children and students with low rankings or low socioeconomic status.

Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Perospirone in the Treatment of Schizophrenia ：A Study Based on Major Adverse Events / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the economy of pe rospirone in the treatment of schizophrenia ，to provide guidance for clinically proper use of medications more cost-effectively ，and related health decision-making . METHODS ：A short-term decision tree model was constructed from the perspective of medical insurance payer to calculate the cost and health outcomes of different treatment plans considering major adverse events including extrapyramidal reaction ，weight gain ，diabetes，hyperlipidemia. The cost-utility of perospirone were compared with quetiapine ，aripiprazole and olanzapine respectively ，using QALYs as the measure of health outcomes ，3 times GDP per capita as the willingness-to-pay threshold ；probability sensitivity analysis was performed. RESULTS：The results of base-case analysis showed that the cost of perospirone （6 688.25 yuan）was lower than those of quetiapine （9 887.45 yuan），aripiprazole（13 284.65 yuan）and olanzapine （15 332.80 yuan）. The utility of perospirone （0.79 QALYs）was better than those of quetiapine （0.76 QALYs），aripiprazole（0.77 QALYs）and olanzapine （0.75 QALYs）. Compared with quetiapine ， aripiprazole and olanzapine ，peropirone had lower cost and higher health outcome ，which indicated that strong dominance favors perospirone over the other 3 drugs. The results of sensitivity analysis were consistent with those of base-case analysis. CONCLUSIONS：Perospirone has economic advantages in treating schizophrenia patients compared to other commonly used atypical antipsychotic drugs.