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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Chevron minimally-invasive osteotomy and internal fixation with ISO intramedullary plate plus traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)bone-setting manipulations for the treatment of moderate hallux valgus.Methods A retrospective study was conducted.A total of 49 patients(62 feet)with moderate hallux valgus were treated with Chevron minimally-invasive osteotomy and internal fixation with ISO intramedullary plate,and were given TCM bone-setting manipulations before the operation,during the operation,and after the operation.The efficacy was evaluated by using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)forefoot score after the operation.Before the operation and 12 months after the operation,the hallux valgus angle(HVA),intermetatarsal angle(IMA)between the first and second metatarsal bone,and the distal metatarsal articular angle(DMAA)showed by X-ray imaging in the weight-bearing position of the foot were recorded.Results(1)All of the 49 patients were followed up for 12 to 24 months,with a mean of(20.6±3.1)months.(2)The X-ray imaging assessment showed that 12 months after the operation,the mean HVA,IMA and DMAA values of the 49 patients(62 feet)were significantly lower than those before the operation,and the differences were all statistically significant(P＜0.01).(3)Twelve months after the operation,the pain VAS score of 49 patients was(3.14±1.21)points,which was significantly lower than the preoperative score points(7.26±2.52),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01).(4)The assessment of joint function showed that 12 months after the operation,the scores of various AOFAS items of pain,function and hallux alignment as well as the overall AOFAS scores of 49 patients were significantly higher than those before the operation,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01).(5)For the 62 feet in 49 patients,the excellent efficacy was achieved in 53 feet,good efficacy was achieved in 7 feet,and fair efficacy was achieved in 2 feet,with the fine rate of 96.77%(60/62).Conclusion For the treatment of moderate hallux valgus,the application of Chevron minimally-invasive osteotomy and internal fixation with ISO intramedullary plate plus TCM bone-setting manipulations is effective on promoting the reset of hallux-metatarsophalangeal joint,restoring the balance of the joint,and maintaining the equilibrium state of the joint through postoperative rehabilitation guidance.The combined therapy exerts certain efficacy,reduces the recurrence rate,and eventually achieves the early rehabilitation after the operation.
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Periodontitis is an infectious disease caused by an imbalance between the local microbiota and host immune response. Epidemiologically, periodontitis is closely related to the occurrence, development, and poor prognosis of T2D and is recognized as a potential risk factor for T2D. In recent years, increasing attention has been given to the role of the virulence factors produced by disorders of the subgingival microbiota in the pathological mechanism of T2D, including islet β-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance (IR). However, the related mechanisms have not been well summarized. This review highlights periodontitis-derived virulence factors, reviews how these stimuli directly or indirectly regulate islet β-cell dysfunction. The mechanisms by which IR is induced in insulin-targeting tissues (the liver, visceral adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle) are explained, clarifying the influence of periodontitis on the occurrence and development of T2D. In addition, the positive effects of periodontal therapy on T2D are overviewed. Finally, the limitations and prospects of the current research are discussed. In summary, periodontitis is worthy of attention as a promoting factor of T2D. Understanding on the effect of disseminated periodontitis-derived virulence factors on the T2D-related tissues and cells may provide new treatment options for reducing the risk of T2D associated with periodontitis.
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Humanos , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , PeriodontitisRESUMEN
Objective To evaluate the rationality of the number of configured monitors based on error back propagation(BP)neural network.Methods A BP neural network model was established with the number of the equipment in use as the output result and the average number of inpatients,the average number of operations,the average days of hospitalization,the number of scrapped equipment,the average age of equipment and times of equipment maintenance as the input indicators.The data of 9 internal medicine departments in the whole year of 2020-2021 and the first 2 quarters of 2022 were collected on a quarterly basis as the training set,and the data of the third quarter of 2022 was used as the test set to verify the learning results.The performance of the model was analyzed using the root mean square error,mean absolute error and coefficient of determination.Results The model established behaved well in prediction with the root mean square error between the predicted and expected values of the model being 1.135 7,the mean absolute error being 0.893 72 and the coefficient of determination being 0.958 71.Conclusion The BP neural network-based evaluation is feasible for the number of configured monitors,and guidance is provided for the optimized configuration of the equipment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(9):14-18]
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@#Objective To explore the association between the susceptibility,severity and generalization of myasthenia gravis (MG) and polymorphisms of rs2488457 and rs3811021. Methods We compare the allele frequencies between 480 MG patients and 487 healthy controls,between each pair of MG subgroups and between each MG subgroup and the control group.Subgroups were specified by susceptibility (gender,onset age,thymoma,AChRAb and onset muscle involvement,and each subgroup within a comprehensive classification of MG),maximal severity and generalization of MG.We compare genotype frequencies under log-additive and codominant mode of inheritance. Results No significant differences were found in allele frequencies of the two SNPs between MG group/each MG subgroup and the control group,and between each pair of MG subgroups,as well as no significant differences in genotype frequencies under additive and codominant mode of inheritance.In the comprehensive classification of MG established with combination of clinical features,there were no significant differences in allele and genotype frequencies of the two SNPs in each subgroup. Conclusion PTPN22 gene polymorphisms are not associated with the susceptibility,severity or generalization of MG.
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Objective:To establish a HPLC method for determinating 9 components simultaneously in Swertia chirayita. Methods:By useing water Sunfire C18 column (4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm); Gradient elution was carried out with methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase. Setting the column temperature at 30 ℃, the flow rate at 1.0 ml/min, and the detection wavelength at 254 nm.Results:9 components showed good linear relationship within the injection quality range. The recovery rates of wertiamarin, Gentiopicroside, Angelica glycosides,Mangiferin, Isolysine, Gentianoside, Diol glycoside, 8-hydroxy-1,3,5 trimethoxyketone, and Daisy leaf gentinone were 95.38%, 92.41%, 95.14%, 91.87%, 92.24%, 92.51%, 95.08%, 91.72%, 95.74% ( n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, efficient, sensitive, accurate, economical and practical, with repeatability and stability. It could provide reference for the quality control and comprehensive utilization of Swertia chirayita.
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Background@#and Purpose Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is common in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Early recognition OH is required with sensitive assessments. The purpose of this study was to determine whether blood pressure (BP) changes during exercise can predict the occurrence of OH in PD. @*Methods@#This prospective cohort study included 80 consecutive patients with PD. All patients agreed to participate in a baseline evaluation and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).According to the initial active standing test (AST), those without OH (PD-nonOH) at baseline had their AST results followed up for 6 months. The main outcome was defined as whether patients without OH at baseline would develop OH after 6 months. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the relevant variables. A nomogram was constructed based on clinical features and identified variables. The concordance index (C-index) and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the accuracy and predictive ability of the nomogram, respectively. @*Results@#CPET results indicated that peak load, peak heart rate, heart rate recovery at 1 min, and systolic BP change (ΔSBP) were lower in those with OH than in the PD-nonOH group (p<0.05) at baseline. Logistic regression analysis indicated that peak load and ΔSBP during CPET had significant effects on OH (p<0.05). Age, sex, peak load, and ΔSBP were used to construct the nomogram model (C-index=0.761). The prediction model had an AUC of 0.782 (95% confidence interval=0.649–0.889) and a specificity and sensitivity of 70.0% and 81.8%, respectively. @*Conclusions@#This study has identified predictive factors for OH development in patients with PD. CPET could be used as a complementary examination to identify patients at a high risk of OH.
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Objective@#To quantitatively assess the pulmonary vasculature using non-contrast computed tomography (CT) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) pre- and post-treatment and correlate CT-based parameters with right heart catheterization (RHC) hemodynamic and clinical parameters. @*Materials and Methods@#A total of 30 patients with CTEPH (mean age, 57.9 years; 53% female) who received multimodal treatment, including riociguat for ≥ 16 weeks with or without balloon pulmonary angioplasty and underwent both noncontrast CT for pulmonary vasculature analysis and RHC pre- and post-treatment were included. The radiographic analysis included subpleural perfusion parameters, including blood volume in small vessels with a cross-sectional area ≤ 5 mm 2 (BV5) and total blood vessel volume (TBV) in the lungs. The RHC parameters included mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and cardiac index (CI). Clinical parameters included the World Health Organization (WHO) functional class and 6-minute walking distance (6MWD). @*Results@#The number, area, and density of the subpleural small vessels increased after treatment by 35.7% (P < 0.001), 13.3% (P = 0.028), and 39.3% (P < 0.001), respectively. The blood volume shifted from larger to smaller vessels, as indicated by an 11.3% increase in the BV5/TBV ratio (P = 0.042). The BV5/TBV ratio was negatively correlated with PVR (r = -0.26; P = 0.035) and positively correlated with CI (r = 0.33; P = 0.009). The percent change across treatment in the BV5/TBV ratio correlated with the percent change in mPAP (r = -0.56; P = 0.001), PVR (r = -0.64; P < 0.001), and CI (r = 0.28; P = 0.049).Furthermore, the BV5/TBV ratio was inversely associated with the WHO functional classes I–IV (P = 0.004) and positively associated with 6MWD (P = 0.013). @*Conclusion@#Non-contrast CT measures could quantitatively assess changes in the pulmonary vasculature in response to treatment and were correlated with hemodynamic and clinical parameters.
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Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are miRNAs that are mediated by exosomes to achieve cell-to-cell communication, and they are widespread in organisms. In recent years, the key role of the multiple biological functions of exosomal miRNAs in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases has been confirmed by a large number of studies, which has become a hot spot in clinical and basic research. Sudden cardiac death caused by cardiovascular disease is one of the important contents in forensic medical identification. This article introduces the research progress of cardiovascular disease prediction, treatment and prognosis on exosomal miRNA. The prospects of the application in forensic medical identification are discussed.
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Humanos , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/genética , Exosomas/genética , MicroARNs/genéticaRESUMEN
The p21 activated kinase 4 (PAK4) is serine/threonine protein kinase that is critical for cancer progression. Guided by X-ray crystallography and structure-based optimization, we report a novel subseries of C-3-substituted 6-ethynyl-1H-indole derivatives that display high potential and specificity towards group II PAKs. Among these inhibitors, compound 55 exhibited excellent inhibitory activity and kinase selectivity, displayed superior anti-migratory and anti-invasive properties against the lung cancer cell line A549 and the melanoma cell line B16. Compound 55 exhibited potent in vivo antitumor metastatic efficacy, with over 80% and 90% inhibition of lung metastasis in A549 or B16-BL6 lung metastasis models, respectively. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that compound 55 mitigated TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).
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Background/Aims@#Real-world studies assessing the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) plus ribavirin (RBV) for Child-Pugh B/C hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis are limited. @*Methods@#We included 107 patients with Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis receiving SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks in Taiwan. The sustained virologic response rates at off-treatment week 12 (SVR12) for the evaluable population (EP), modified EP, and per-protocol population (PP) were assessed. Thesafety profiles were reported. @*Results@#The SVR12 rates in the EP, modified EP and PP were 89.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.5–94.2%), 94.1% (95% CI, 87.8–97.3%), and 100% (95% CI, 96.2–100%). Number of patients who failed to achieve SVR12 were attributed to virologic failures. The SVR12 rates were comparable regardless of patient characteristics. One patient discontinued treatment because of adverse events (AEs). Twenty-four patients had serious AEs and six died, but none were related to SOF/VEL or RBV. Among the 96 patients achieving SVR12, 84.4% and 64.6% had improved Child-Pugh and model for endstage liver disease (MELD) scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that a baseline MELD score ≥15 was associated with an improved MELD score of ≥3 (odds ratio, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.16–14.71; P=0.02). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1 had more significant estimated glomerular filtration rate declines than patients with CKD stage 2 (-0.42 mL/min/1.73 m2/month; P=0.01) or stage 3 (-0.56 mL/min/1.73 m2/month; P<0.001). @*Conclusions@#SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks is efficacious and well-tolerated for Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis.
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Background/Aims@#Real-world studies assessing the effectiveness and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) plus ribavirin (RBV) for Child-Pugh B/C hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis are limited. @*Methods@#We included 107 patients with Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis receiving SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks in Taiwan. The sustained virologic response rates at off-treatment week 12 (SVR12) for the evaluable population (EP), modified EP, and per-protocol population (PP) were assessed. Thesafety profiles were reported. @*Results@#The SVR12 rates in the EP, modified EP and PP were 89.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 82.5–94.2%), 94.1% (95% CI, 87.8–97.3%), and 100% (95% CI, 96.2–100%). Number of patients who failed to achieve SVR12 were attributed to virologic failures. The SVR12 rates were comparable regardless of patient characteristics. One patient discontinued treatment because of adverse events (AEs). Twenty-four patients had serious AEs and six died, but none were related to SOF/VEL or RBV. Among the 96 patients achieving SVR12, 84.4% and 64.6% had improved Child-Pugh and model for endstage liver disease (MELD) scores. Multivariate analysis revealed that a baseline MELD score ≥15 was associated with an improved MELD score of ≥3 (odds ratio, 4.13; 95% CI, 1.16–14.71; P=0.02). Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 1 had more significant estimated glomerular filtration rate declines than patients with CKD stage 2 (-0.42 mL/min/1.73 m2/month; P=0.01) or stage 3 (-0.56 mL/min/1.73 m2/month; P<0.001). @*Conclusions@#SOF/VEL plus RBV for 12 weeks is efficacious and well-tolerated for Child-Pugh B/C HCV-related cirrhosis.
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To analyze the medication features and regularity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines in treating patients with coronary heart disease angina pectoris based on the launched Chinese patent medicines. In the article,we collected all of the launched Chinese patent medicines for treating coronary heart disease and angina pectoris from the Chinese patent medicine value assessment information database,and set up a medical record normalized database,then carried out the classification of syndromes. The medication features and prescription rules for angina pectoris were analyzed by frequency statistics and association rules(IBM SPSS Modeler 14. 1 Premiums software,Apriori algorithm). Finally,a total of 170 prescriptions were selected,and 197 Chinese herbs were included,involving to totally 11 syndrome types,in which blood stasis syndrome,Qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome,Qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome,Qi-Yin deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were the main syndrome types. The frequency of single-herb medicines for the four main syndrome types,the combination of commonly used medicines,and the core prescriptions were summarized. After comparing the core prescriptions of the four syndrome types,we could analyze the medication features and prescription rules. In conclusion,the therapeutic principle is blood-activating and stasis-dissolving,and consideration was also given to promoting Qi,invigorating Qi and resuscitation and invigorating Qi-Yin. The main medicines include Danshen(Salvia Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) and Chuan-xiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma). According to different types of syndromes,Chinese herbal medicines are added,such as Jiangxiang(Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum), Chishao(Paeoniaeradix Rubra), Sanqi(Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Honghua(Carthami Flos),Bingpian(Borneolum Syntheticum),Renshen(Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). Frequency statistics and association rules are combined to explore the medication features and core prescriptions,which provide ideas for the treatment of angina pectoris and the development of new drugs.
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Humanos , Angina de Pecho , Quimioterapia , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Usos Terapéuticos , Medicina Tradicional China , Medicamentos sin Prescripción , Usos TerapéuticosRESUMEN
Objective To analyze the genetic phenotypes of Y-chromosome STR and SNP in Han male population of Wujiang area, Suzhou City and explore the genetic structure of population of Wujiang area for further examination of regional-specific Y-SNP genetic markers ancestor haplogroups. Methods Blood samples of 472 Wujiang area Han males were randomly collected and genotyped by YfilerTM Plus PCR Amplification Kit. The allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies of each locus were obtained using the direct calculation method. Y-SNP haplogroups of each sample were estimated using Y-Predictor software and verified through experiments by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction （ARMS-PCR）. Results A total of 453 haplotypes were found in the 27 Y-STR genetic markers in 472 Han males of Wujiang area. The haplotype diversity （HD） was 0.997 696 93, among which, the highest gene diversity （GD） value was DYF387S1a/b （GD=0.953 1） and the lowest was DYS438 （GD=0.321 8）. Based on genotyping data of 27 Y-STRs and 472 samples, 132 haplogroups from C, D, N, O and Q, etc downstream Y-SNP haplogroups were estimated and then verified through experiments. Conclusion This study is based on Y-chromosome STR haplotypes, and predicts Y-SNP haplogroups by Y-Predictor software, then uses ARMS-PCR to verify. Y-SNP genetic markers were introduced to achieve precise analysis of the genetic structure of male families in population of three towns in Wujiang area.
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Humanos , Masculino , China , Cromosomas Humanos Y/genética , Ciudades , Frecuencia de los Genes , Genética de Población , Haplotipos , Repeticiones de Microsatélite , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido SimpleRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the clinical effect of minimally invasive extraction of anterior tooth residual root after root separation.Methods A total of 400 patients receivinganterior tooth residual root extraction were collected in the clinic of oral and maxillofacial surgery department between January 2015 and December 2016.The patients were divided into a control group and a study group according to their sequence to see the doctor,with an odd for the study group and an even for the control group.In the study group,residual roots were separated mesiodistally by high speed turbine before using minimally invasive extraction tool;while in the control group residual roots were extracted only using minimally invasive extraction tool.The surgical duration,postoperative damage rate of the lip side plate,degree of pain and patient satisfaction in the two groups were analyzed.Results The surgical duration was shorter in the study group compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The postoperative damage rate of the lip side plate and the degree of pain were lower,while patient satisfaction was higher in the study group than in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The postoperative damage rate of the lip side plate is significantly lower in minimally invasive extraction of anterior tooth residual root after root separation.Smaller trauma is conducive to the implant afterwards.Root separation in minimally invasive extraction of anterior tooth residual root is valuable for clinical application.
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OBJECTIVE Bingpian is an almost pure chemical with a chemical composition of (+)-borneol and has been historically used as a topical analgesic in traditional Chinese medicine for millen-nia. However, the clinical efficacy of topical bingpian lacks stringent evidence-based clinical studies and the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.This study verified the analgesic efficacy of topi-cal bingpian in humans, and elucidated the underling mechanisms in animal models of pain. METH-ODS The analgesic efficacy of topical bingpian was examined in a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled clinical study at the Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. Capsaicin, formalin, CFA or thermal caused pain/hyperalgesia were established in different mouse models,and bingpian-induced analgesia and the underlying mechanisms were studied in these models.The molecular targets of bingpian were examined by calcium imaging, patch-clamp recording and enzymatic activity assay in mouse sensory neurons or transfected HEK 293 cells. RESULTS (1)Topical application of bingpian leads to significantly greater pain relief than placebo does in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study involving 122 patients with postoperative pain.(2)TRPM8 channel is the most sensitive molecular target of bingpian and mediates topical bingpian-induced analgesia in mice. (3)A downstream glutamatergic mechanism in the spinal cord contributes to topical bingpian-induced analgesia. (4)Bingpian shows mechanistic differences and advantages as a topical analgesic when compared with menthol.
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BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a kind of pluripotent stem cells in the bone marrow. Drug-containing serum treatment may be followed by a variation in the expression of genes involved in multiple signaling pathways. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of compound Jiegu Tablets and Zhuanggu Tablets on the differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into Jiegu group, Zhuanggu group, combined group and blank control group. Different drug-containing sera were prepared and used to culture BMSCs isolated from the rat bone marrow. RT-PCR and western blot assay were used to detect the expression of BMP-2, Runx2, VEGF and Akt at mRNA and protein levels, respectively, at 24 hours after culture.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of Akt and VEGF mRNA and protein were significantly increased in the Jiegu group and combined group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but showed no difference in the Zhuanggu group (P > 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the expression levels of BMP-2 and Runx2 mRNA and protein were significantly increased in the Jiegu group (P < 0.05) and very significantly increased in the Zhuanggu group and combined group (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that compound Jiegu Tablets and Zhuanggu Tablets containing sera lead to synergistic effects on the BMSCs differentiation into vascular endothelial cells and osteoblasts in vitro.
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PAMAM dendrimer is one of the most widely studied dendrimers in recent years, which has a large number of functional groups on the surface and cavities inside, specific three-dimensional structure and good biocompatibility, permeability and stability. It has been widely applied in drug and gene carrier fields and may become a new absorption enhancer. In order to study the absorption enhancing effects of PAMAM dendrimers, liquiritin was selected as the model drug, with the protection of spleen and liver, detoxification and other functions, but it had not been widely used in clinical application because of its difficult absorption, first pass effect, and low bioavailability. This topic was based on the two main determinants (solubility and permeability) of intestinal absorption in the body, researched the physicochemical properties of liquiritin, analyzed the transport volume of liquiritin with or without PAMAM dendrimers by using Caco-2 cell model, and analyzed the cytotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers on Caco-2 cells by MTT experiments. These results showed that 0.1% of the G4 generation PAG can promote the absorption of liquiritin safely and effectively, and it was suitable for further development into a new type of pharmaceutical excipients.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aimed to explore the association between periconceptional fish consumption by parents and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intelligence deficiency (ID).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted through a questionnaire with 108 ASD cases, 79 ID cases, and 108 controls. The ASD and ID cases were students from special educational schools in Tianjin from 2012 to 2014. The age- and sex-matched controls were from a high school, three primary schools, and a kindergarten in Tianjin. Multivariate logistic regression was performed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Paternal habit of eating hairtail before fertilization, maternal preference for fruits during pregnancy, and maternal habit of eating grass carp during pregnancy were preventive factors for ASD. Paternal habit of drinking alcohol before fertilization was a risk factor for ID, whereas maternal preference for fruits during pregnancy and maternal habit of eating crucian carp during pregnancy were protective factors for ID.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Parental fish consumption is beneficial for the prevention of ASD and ID. Meanwhile, the protective effects of fish consumption on ASD and ID differ. More attention should be paid to the combined effect of other food when eating fish.</p>
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Adolescente , Animales , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Embarazo , Trastorno del Espectro Autista , Epidemiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , China , Epidemiología , Dieta , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Peces , Incidencia , Discapacidad Intelectual , Epidemiología , Exposición Materna , Exposición Paterna , Efectos Tardíos de la Exposición Prenatal , Epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Especificidad de la EspecieRESUMEN
Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of death in Chinese residents. Arterial elasticity is an important and independent predictor for mortality of cardiovascular disease, and pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the most frequently used measurement index. It has been widely used in clinical practice. Traditional methods detecting PWV have some disadvantages, such as arteries distribution not clear, branch affect and only obtain global and average, instead of regional PWV. Now, the measurement of local pulse wave velocity has played an important role in the study of arterial elasticity. The common methods of detecting regional pulse wave velocity include echo tracking technique, UltraFast imaging technique and pulse wave imaging technique. This article reviews the recent advances in pulse wave velocity evaluating vascular elasticity.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between autism and prenatal environmental risk factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was conducted among 193 children with autism from the special educational schools and 733 typical development controls matched by age and gender by using questionnaire in Tianjin from 2007 to 2012. Statistical analysis included quick unbiased efficient statistical tree (QUEST) and logistic regression in SPSS 20.0.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were four predictors by QUEST and the logistic regression analysis, maternal air conditioner use during pregnancy (OR=0.316, 95% CI: 0.215-0.463) was the single first-level node (χ²=50.994, P=0.000); newborn complications (OR=4.277, 95% CI: 2.314-7.908) and paternal consumption of freshwater fish (OR=0.383, 95% CI: 0.256-0.573) were second-layer predictors (χ²=45.248, P=0.000; χ²=24.212, P=0.000); and maternal depression (OR=4.822, 95% CI: 3.047-7.631) was the single third-level predictor (χ²=23.835, P=0.000). The prediction accuracy of the tree was 89.2%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The air conditioner use during pregnancy and paternal freshwater fish diet might be beneficial for the prevention of autism, while newborn complications and maternal depression might be the risk factors.</p>