RESUMEN
[Objective]To elaborate the significance of modulating the spirit and the mechanism of five elements music concrete hypnosis technique,so as to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of clinical post-stroke depression.[Methods]From the perspective of"modulating the spirit",this paper expounds the significance of five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in"modulating the spirit"by studying ancient and modern literature,explores its mechanism of action,and introduces five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in detail,and finally analyzes it combining with the clinical trial results.[Results]"Those who have the spirit prosper,those who are absent-minded die",modulating the spirit plays an important role in the treatment of clinical diseases,especially in the treatment of psychosomatic diseases.Five elements music concrete hypnosis technique plays a role in regulating the spirit by vibrating viscera,deducing concrete thinking,condensing breath and gathering Qi.The clinical application has achieved satisfactory results.[Conclusion]Five elements music concrete hypnosis technique in the treatment of post-stroke depression fully embodies the thought of"regulating the spirit"of traditional Chinese medicine,and its curative effect is considerable,which is worthy of further exploration and promotion.
RESUMEN
Guided by the theory of "kidney generates marrow", the study elaborates the viewpoint that the route of Yin Heel Channel (阴跷脉) is consistent with the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis from the perspective of the circulation of the meridians and the relationship between the zang-fu organs. Accordingly, it is believed that disease of Yin Heel Channel and dysfunction of the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis are the core pathogenesis of children enuresis, and it is elaborated from the following three major aspects, firstly, insufficient kidney essence, dysfunction of the "kidney-marrow-brain" axis, secondly, disease of Yin Heel Channel and deficiency and cold in lower jiao, and thirdly, disease of Yin Heel Channel and loss of nourishment of Chong Vessel. It is proposed to use the mode of "firstly needle, secondly moxibustion, and lastly consolidation" to treat children enuresis. Needle is to adjust yin and yang, warm yang and tonify kidney, and wake up the brain and open the orifices. The acupoints in Yin Heel Channel such as Zhaohai (KI 6), Jiaoxin (KI 8) and confluence points of the eight extraordinary vessels such as Waiguan (TE 5), Zulinqi (GB 41) are used, together with Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (EX-HN 3), Guanyuan (CV 4), Qixue (KI 13), Dazhong (KI 4). Moxibustion is to reinforce healthy qi and warm yang, bank up the root and consolidate the original qi by moxibustion at Shenque (CV 8), Mingmen (GV 4), and Xuanshu (GV 5). Consolidation is to use acupoints application to consolidate the therapeutic effect, and Guanyuan (CV 4) & Pangguangshu (BL 28), Qihai (CV 6) & Zhishi (BL 52), and Shenque (CV 8) & Ciliao (BL 32) are commonly used as the three groups of acupoints to warm the kidney and stop collapse, regulate and tonify the qi and blood.
RESUMEN
The development of speech is a process by which the neural network structure of brain perceives, decodes, represents, and outputs input signals. At the cortical level, the classic model of speech processing proposed two pathways leading from the auditory system: the ventral stream and the dorsal stream.The ventral stream, which involved structures in the superior and middle portions of the temporal lobe, was involved in processing speech signals for perception and comprehension (speech recognition). The dorsal stream, which involved structures in the posterior frontal lobe and the posterior dorsal-most aspect of the temporal lobe and parietal operculum, had an auditory-motor integration function and was essential for speech production. However, the importance of auditory processing in central auditory nervous system(CANS) from the vestibulocochlear nerve to the auditory cortex for speech development had not been clarified.This review aims to discuss the roles and related mechanisms of the CANS in speech recognition and generation from the perspective of cognitive neuroscience, so as to provide new ideas for clinical monitoring and long-term prediction of auditory processing and speech development, and for diagnosis and treatment of clinical speech-related diseases.
RESUMEN
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) regulates cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathogenesis and is closely related to aging. Studies have found that the pathological development of AD is often accompanied by changes in mTOR activity, but the role of mTOR in the pathogenesis of AD is not clear. In this paper, the complex of mTOR and its signaling pathways are first introduced, focusing on the effects of mTOR signaling pathways on synaptic plasticity and memory function, autophagy, βamyloid-β (Aβ), Tau protein and brain insulin resistance and other AD pathological features, secondly, the regulatory effects of mTOR signaling pathways in anti - aging and life prolongation are described, and finally the application of mTOR inhibitors in AD pathological research is introduced to provide new ideas for delaying and improving AD.
RESUMEN
Objective To observe the effect and molecular mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on activation and differentiation of microglia (MG) cells. Methods Routinely in vitro cultured BV2 microglia cells were divided into control group and LPS group: BV2 microglia cells in the LPS group were treated with 200 ng/mL LPS; cells in the control group were added the same amount of medium. Six h after treatment, real-time quantitative (qRT)-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA and protein expressions in supernatant of cell culture medium. The iNOS, CD32, Arg1 and CD206 mRNA and protein expressions were detected by qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. The mRNA and protein expressions of Notch1, Hes1 and Hes5 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results After LPS stimulation, BV2 microglia cells were activated and the morphological changes were observed. The IL-1β and TNF-α protein and mRNA expressions in the LPS group were significantly increased as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). The iNOS and CD32 protein and mRNA expressions in the LPS group were significantly increased as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05). The Arg1 and CD206 mRNA and protein expressions showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). The Notch1 and Hes1 mRNA and protein expressions in the LPS group were significantly increased as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05), while no significant differences on Hes5 mRNA and protein expressions were noted between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion LPS activates MG cells, which may regulate the differentiation of MG cells into M1 through Notch signaling pathway and promote inflammatory response; therefore, Notch signaling pathway may be a target for regulating MG cells differentiation and reducing inflammatory damage.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the effect of Nourishing Yin and Nonifying Yang sequential therapy (NYNYST )com-bined with western medicine on expression levels of Smad2 ,Smad3 ,Smad7 mRNA in rats with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).Methods Totally 40 female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups ,the normal control group ,the model group ,the western medicine group ,the NYNYST group and the combination group(western medicine combined with NYNYST ) ,8 in each group. The DOR model was established through orally administering tripterygium pill for continuous 2 weeks. The normal con-trol group and the model group were administered with saline for 10 days. The western medicine group was treated with hor-mone replacement therapy(HRT ) and ovarian stimulation. The NYNYST group was administered with Nourishing Yin herbs in proestrus and Nonifying Yang herbs in late estrus and the combination group was administered with combination of Chinese herb and western drugs for 10 days ,with the same dose in the former two groups.Serum levels of FSH ,LH ,E2 ,anti-Müllerian hormone(AMH) ,Transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1)and Inhibin B(INHB)were measured by ELISA.Changes of Smad2 ,Smad3 ,Smad7 mRNA in ovaries were detected by real-time PCR.Results Compared with the model group ,the serum levels of FSH ,LH were decreased significantly in western medicine group ,NYNYST group and combination group(P<0.01) , the serum levels of E2 ,AMH ,TGF-β1 and INHB increased in the rats of the treatment group(P<0.05 ,P<0.01) ,and efficacy of the combination group was significantly superior to that of the western medicine group (P<0.01 ,P<0.05);compared with the model group ,Smad2 mRNA increased significantly in NYNYST group and combination group ,Smad3 mRNA increased sig- nificantly in combination group(P<0.01) ,the efficacy of combination group was superior to that of the western medicine group (P<0.05);compared with the model group ,Smad7 mRNA of treatment groups was decreased significantly (P<0.01).Conclu-sion NYTYST combined with western medicine can improve the function of ovaries by up-regulating the expression of Smad2 , Smad3 mRNA and down-regulating the expression of Smad7 mRNA in DOR rats.
RESUMEN
To explore the influence for combination of nourishing yin and tonifying yang sequential therapy (NYTYST) with Western medicine in treating anovulatory infertility rats with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) based on TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway. Methods: A total of 40 female rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, a normal control group, a model group, a Western medicine group, a NYTYST group and a combination group (n=8 in each group). The DOR model was established through orally taking tripterygium pill for continuous 2 weeks. The normal control group and the model group were treated with saline for 10 days. The Western medicine group was treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and ovarian stimulation. The NYTYST group was treated with nourishing yin herbs in proestrus and tonifying yang herbs in late estrus and the combination group was treated with Chinese herb and Western drugs for 10 days. HE staining was used to observe histopathologic changes in ovary. Expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 receptor (TGF-β1R) in rats ovarian were detected by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels of Smad2, Smad3 and Smad7 protein in rat ovarian were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the control group, the numbers of developing follicles, mature follicles and corpus luteum were decreased , while atrefic follicles were increased significantly in the model group (P<0.01); the levels of TGF-β1R, Smad2 and Smad3 were decreased significantly, while Smad7 was increased significantly (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the numbers of developing follicles, mature follicles and corpus luteum, Smad2 and Smad3 expression were increased, while atrefic follicles and Smad7 were decreased significantly in the treatment group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The numbers of developing follicles and corpus luteum in the combination group was superior to the Western medicine group (P<0.05). Compared with the Western medicine group, the levels of TGF-β1R, Smad2 and Smad3 were increased significantly, while Smad7 was decreased significantly in the combination group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: NYTYST combined with Western medicine can improve the function of ovaries reserve by up-regulation of TGF-β1R, Smad2 and Smad3 while down-regulation of Smad7 in DOR rats.
Asunto(s)
Animales , Femenino , Ratas , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Usos Terapéuticos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Infertilidad , Terapéutica , Medicina Tradicional China , Reserva Ovárica , Transducción de Señal , Proteína Smad2 , Genética , Metabolismo , Proteína smad3 , Genética , Metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta1 , Genética , MetabolismoRESUMEN
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system that starts slowly and progressively leads to cognitive impairment.Clusterin,as an apolipoprotein,is usually widely expressed in mammalian brain tissue.In previous studies,below theories have been demonstrated:clusterin influences the aggregation,clearance and neurotoxicity of β-amyloid;compared to healthy people,AD patients show higher clusterin level in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid;the polymorphisms of clusterin gene encoding clusterin can enhance the incidence risk of AD.In addition,regulating the expression of clusterin in AD animals model has certain therapeutic effect on AD.Further investigating intrinsic relationship between clusterin and AD will help clarify the pathogenesis and establish a new therapeutic target of AD thus contributing to the prevention of Alzheimer's disease.
RESUMEN
The etiology underlying ischemic stroke is still elusive. Previous studies have indicated that inflammation might play a key role in the pathogenesis, which provided a novel insight into the therapeutic strategy of ischemic stroke. In this review, we summarize some drugs which regulate the activation and polarization of microglia and further alleviate neurological symptoms.
RESUMEN
Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is the most abundant aquaporin type in the brain.It is mainly expressed in the perivascular end feet of astrocytes.A large number of studies have shown that AQP4 is involved in the formation and elimination of brain edema in intracerebral hemorrhage,and plays important roles in the maintenance of the integrity of blood-brain barrier,secondary neuroinflammation,and apoptosis after intracerebral hemorrhage.More and more studies focus on the roles and mechanisms of AQP4 in intracerebral hemorrhage,however,the results are not completely consistent.This article reviews the roles and mechanisms of AQP4 in intracerebral hemorrhage
RESUMEN
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disorder characterized by amyloid deposition in the walls of leptomeningeal and cortical arteries,arterioles,and it is one of the common cerebral vascular diseases in the elderly.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation (CAA-Ⅰ),is a recently recognized syndrome of reversible encephalopathy seen in a subset of patients with CAA.Here,we review the advances in research on the pathological mechanism,clinical features and course,investigations,diagnosis and differential diagnosis,and treatment of CAA-Ⅰ.
RESUMEN
Cerebral smal vessel disease (CSVD) can be divided into sporadic and hereditary CSVD. The exact pathogenesis of sporadic CSVD is unknow n. Genetic factors may also play an important role, except for environmental and vascular risk factors. As a complicated disease, sporadic CSVD has the characteristics of multigenetic susceptibility. Therefore, investigating the related genetic factors may contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of sporadic CSVD. This article review s the advances in research on the genetics of sporadic CSVD.
RESUMEN
To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of the subluxation of the small joints of the cervical vertebrae by acupuncture plus Tuina, 178 subjects were divided randomly into acupuncture group, Tuina group and acupuncture plus Tuina group to receive the corresponding treatment. The cure rate in acupuncture plus Tuina was 68.8%, which is higher than that in acupuncture group (27.8%) and that in Tuina group(28.6%), and the statistical management showed significant differences. Acupuncture combined with Tuina could enhance the therapeutic effect in the treatment of the subluxation of the small joints of the cervical vertebrae.
RESUMEN
Objective To establish and stabilize a new HLA-B locus typing strategy, reference strand mediated conformation analysis(RSCA)system and to conform its advantages.Methods Of 27 hematopoitic stem cell transplant patients and 63 potential donors DNA samples were extracted from peripheral blood cells and HLA-B loci were both typed by RSCA and PCR-SSP methods. The (ambi)-(guous) results were identified by using DNA sequencing. Results Among 90 samples, 87/90 ((96.7) %) cases could be designated definitely, but one of them was disagreement with the SSP result which was confirmed by sequencing, and 67/90 ((74.4) %) cases could be typed to allelic level. 1/90 ((1.1) %) case could not be identified by RSCA for its bad PCR results. Only one allele of each 2 samples could be designated and the other could not be identified by RSCA, which were further confirmed by sequencing method, and the results confessed which were known as alleles, but there were no corresponding data in RSCA database. Twenty samples were randomly selected to identify the replication rate of RSCA, and the results demonstrated that the replication rate was 100 %. Among PCR-SSP typing results, about 10 % samples might be typed for 1-3 times to confirm their types. Conclusion RSCA had some advantages such as high resolution, high sensitivity, high accuracy, high replication, finding new alleles, large scale and low cost, and was especially suitable for unrelated donor-recipient (screening).
RESUMEN
Objective To clone CD34 extracellular region encoding cDNA and to construct its eukaryon expression vector to explore the feasibility of its monoclonal antibody preparation by gene immunization. Methods Total RNA was extracted from KG-1a cell lines. CD34 extracellular region encoding genes were amplified by RT-PCR method and then confirmed by enzymatic lysis and DNA sequencing, and its eukaryon expression vector was constructed as pcDNA3.1-CD34. Twelve BABL/c mice aged 4-6 weeks were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups. Before immunization, 50?l 25% saccharin solution was injected into mouse musculus quadriceps femoris. Fifteen minutes later, blank control PBS, PBS diluted empty vector pcDNA3.1(50?g), or PBS diluted pcDNA3.1-CD34 was injected into the same site of the above three groups, respectively. Immunization was taken every two weeks for a total of three times. The antibody was detected regularly by FACS using tail blood from immunized mice. Results The results demonstrated that the length of CD34 cDNA was 886bp which was identical to the theoretical value and its sequence was confirmed by DNA sequencing which was identical to the registered sequence. The accuracy of CD34 expression vector recombination was confirmed by restriction enzymatic lysis. Hind III and EcoRI restriction enzymatic lysis sites were introduced into 5 and 3 terminals of amplified cDNA sequence, respectively. Terminate code TGA was also introduced into CD34 extracellular encoding cDNA. The expression vector possessing target genes was named as pcDNA3.1-CD34. FACS detection indicated that only 1/4(25%) immunized mice had a lower titer CD34 antibody in their tail vein serum 2-6 weeks after immunization, and the others did not show no antibody production. Conclusion The eukaryon expression vector pcDNA3.1-CD34, which express CD34 extracellular region, has been constructed. The feasibility of CD34 McAb preparation can primarily be confirmed by gene immunization.
RESUMEN
The MHC molecules were first discovered as major histocompatibility antigens. When their essential biological function as antigen-binding molecules and informers for T cells was unveiled, an explanation of why MHC also acts as major histocompatibility antigens was provided. When the antigen-binding cleft of MHC molecules was firstly clarified more than 10 years ago, the study of MHC structure and function has stepped into a prosperous new era, and many achievements have in this area have been achieved. This paper summarized the exciting progress in study on MHC structure and function in recent years.
RESUMEN
AIM: To obtain the high expression of recombinant human stem cell factor - thrombopoitin (SCF-TPO) fusion gene and predict its structure property. METHODS: Tour primers were designed according to known sequence of TPO and SCF to amplify the functional amino acid domain of TPO and SCF by RT- PCR, respectively from fetus hepatocytes. The expression plasmid pET32a/SCF- TPO was constructed by VOE gene fusion technique and expressed in BL21(DE3)plysS. The fusion protein property, such as second structure, flexibility, and hydrophilicity were predicted by DS Gene and Protscale software. RESULTS: The expression vector, pET32a/SCF - TPO was constructed and the high expression of the SCF/TPO fusion protein was obtained, with the expression amount of up to 40% of the total cellular protein. DS Genel .5 and Protscale predict no new antigenicity in fusion protein, and the second structure and ioelectric point have no changes except four amino acids change in first structure. There are high flexibility and low hydrophilieity in the linker peptide. CONCLUSION: High expression of SCF- TPO fusion protein has been obtained and protein prediction shows that the fusion protein design is reasonable, which lay foundation for further study of biological fundation of SCF - TPO fusion protein.
RESUMEN
Objective:Identification of some biochemical and physical properties for a new recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL exotoxin fusion protein.Methods:12%SDS-PAGE separating and gel imaging analyzing,peptide mass fingerprinting,Western blot and MTT assasying were used respectively for identification of the protein.Results:Molecular weight of the recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL was 72 628,5% of the difference to its theoretical value 69 561.The result of Western blot indicated that the purified recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL could specifically bind with mAb anti-human B7-2 and the antibody against PEA,while the negative control did not.The recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL digested with trypsin and then detected by MOLTI-TOF-MS.It was shown that the detected 15 peptides lied in the extracellular part of B7-2 and the truncated Pseudomonas extoxin PE40KDEL.Searching in the peptident data bank of Expasy website,we did not find any known proteins which was accordant with the above terms.The cytotoxic activity of the recombinant toxin with MTT method showed that the B7-2-PE40KDEL selectively killed Jurkat cell line which expressesed CD28 receptor well and had no killing effect on the Raji cell line unexpressing CD28 receptor.Conclusion:Recombinant B7-2-PE40KDEL exotoxin fusion protein we construct proves to be a new one with targeted killing bioactivity to B7:CD28 system.