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Aim To develop an UPLC-MS/MS method to determine the concentration of lorcaserin hydrochloride in beagle plasma, and study the pharmacokinetics of osmotic pump controlled-release tablets of lorcaserin hydrochloride. Methods A randomized crossover design was used, carbamazepine as the internal standard(IS), and plasma protein precipitation with acetonitrile. The chromatographic was Phenomenex Polar C18 column(100 mm×2. 1 mm, 3 μm), and acetonitrile - water(containing 10 mmol·L-1 ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid)(40:60, V/V)was mobile phase. Multiple reaction monitoring mode and electrospray positive ionization were used to detect lorcaserin hydrochloride. The MS/MS ion transitions were monitored at m/z 196.2→129.2 for lorcaserin hydrochloride and m/z 237→194.1 for carbamazepine, respectively. Results The linear range was 1 to 500 μg·L-1(r=0.999 2), the extraction recovery rate ranged from 87.70% to 89.70%, the precision RSD was 9.7%. The accuracy and matrix effect met the requirements, and the stability of lorcaserin hydrochloride was good in -20 ℃ refrigerator for 45 d, repeated freezing and thawing for three times, placed at room temperature for 24 h, and the disposed samples placed in automatsampler for 6 h were stable. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the controlled-release tablet and immediate-release tablet were as follows:Tmax was(8.00±1.27)h and(1.00±0.13)h, Cmax was(70.56±3.73)μg·L-1 and(176.33±16.73)μg·L-1, and AUC0-t was(966.33±7.56)μg·h·L-1 and(973.05±69.09)μg·h·L-1, respectively. Conclusions The established UPLC-MS/MS method can be used to study the pharmacokinetics of lorcaserin hydrochloride in the plasma of beagle dogs, and osmotic pump controlled-release tablets has sustained release effect.
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Objective The treatment methods for blood blister-like aneurysm remain controversial due to its special patholog-ical structure,the risk of post-operative rebleeding and the high rate of recurrence. The arm of this paper is to access the feasibility and effectiveness of overlapping stent-assisted coiling in the treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery. Methods Form January 2014 to December 2016,we treated 15 patients with blood blister-like aneurysm of the internal carotid artery by stent-assisted coiling in the Department of Neurosurgery,5 with two Enterprise tents,3 with three Enterprise tents,4 with Enter-prise+LVIS tents,and 3 with two LVIS tents. We determined the rate of immediate embolization of aneurysms by Raymond-Roy Occlu-sion Classification(RROC)and analyzed the clinical characteristics,postoperative complications,and follow-up data. Results All the coils and stents were successfully implanted. RROC showed 9 cases of gradeⅠ(60%),4 cases of gradeⅡ(27%),and 2 cases of gradeⅢimmediate occlusion(13%),with the parent arteries unobstructed in all the cases. Thrombosis in the stent was found in 2 cases intraoperatively,slight stent migration in 1 case,and internal carotid artery dissection in the petrous segment in another,but no cer-ebral vasospasm or aneurysm rupture in any case.Delayed cerebral in-farct was observed in 2 cases postoperatively. The patients were fol-lowed up for 2 weeks to 28 months,which showed that 11 of them were cured,2 remained stable and 2 developed further thrombosis,with an MRS score of 0-2 in 12 cases,4 in 1 case,5 in 1 case, and 6 in 1case. Conclusion Overlapping stent-assisted coiling is effective for the treatment of blood blister-like aneurysm by reduc-ing the risks of rebleeding and recurrence.
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Objective To analyze the imaging and pathological characteristics, as well as treatment strategies of intracranial hemangioblastomas (HBs),and explore the advancement of diagnosis,etiopathogenisis and treatment of HBs. Methods Thirty-five patients with intracranial HBs,admitted to our hospital and performed tumor resection from January 2005 to January 2010,were chosen in our study; all patients were divided into type of big cystic HBs with a small mural nodule (n=19),type of small cystic HBs with a big nodule (n=9) and type of solid HBs (n=7) by imaging features.The clinical manifestations,imaging findings and surgical methods were retrospectively analyzed; the expressions of NSE and CD34 in these tumor samples were detected by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining.Results All patients were treated by surgery; total resection was achieved in 34 and subtotal resection in 1; no death occurred after the surgery.Twenty-eight patients were followed up for 3 months to 3 years after discharge; recurrence appeared in 1 patient with big cystic HBs with a small mural nodule and Gamma knife treatment was performed.No significant difference was observed in the numbers ofCD34+cells between each 2 types of patients (P＞0.05).The numbers of NSE positive cells between each 2 types were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Conclusion There were no specific clinical manifestations of HBs.Diagnosis was mainly according to imaging features.Treatment of HBs with total resection is just the first selection and the key to reduce palindromia; the formation of HBs cysts is closely related to tumor stromal cells.