Verification of a method for determination of tritiated water in ambient air / 中国辐射卫生

Objective To experimentally verify the precision and accuracy of determining tritiated water in ambient air using the desiccant adsorption sampling–high temperature negative pressure desorption of liquid water (containing HTO)–liquid Scintillation counter method, and to provide technical support for developing standard methods for monitoring tritiated water in ambient air. Methods The relative standard deviation and recovery of multi-group samples were verified by collecting, testing, and analyzing environmental samples with different activity concentrations. The uncertainty of the method was evaluated, the main uncertainty components were identified, and the reliability of measurement results was analyzed. Through experimental comparison of different methods, the differences in the test results of different methods were examined. Results The relative standard deviation of multiple samples ranged from 6.7% to 7.9%, the recovery ranged from 95.7% to 97.3%, and the uncertainty was greatly affected by the sample counting rate, with no significant difference as compared to condensation sampling method. Conclusion The precision and accuracy of this method meet the requirements of environmental authorities for monitoring tritiated water in ambient air, and it can be widely used in the monitoring of tritiated water in ambient air.

Accuracy of four formulas in predicting diopter of intraocular lens implanted in high myopia cataract eyes / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of the formulas, including Haigis, SRK/T, Holladay 1, and Holladay 2, in predicting the diopter of the intraocular lens implanted in high myopia cataract patients.METHODS: Prospective study. A total of 168 cases(168 eyes)of age-related cataract with an axial length(AL)≥26 mm who were treated in our hospital from August 2017 to November 2021 were selected. According to the preoperative AL measured by IOL Master 700, the patients were divided into five groups, including 37 cases(37 eyes)in group A with 26 mm≤AL<27 mm, 34 cases(34 eyes)in group B with 27 mm≤AL<28 mm, 42 cases(42 eyes)in group C with 28 mm≤AL<29 mm, 28 cases(28 eyes)in group D with 29 mm≤AL<30 mm, and 27 patients(27 eyes)in group E with AL ≥ 30 mm. Subjective refraction was performed at 3 mo postoperatively, and the mean numerical error(MNE)and mean absolute error(MAE)of each formula for predicting diopters were calculated.RESULTS: The MNE and MAE of the Haigis and Holladay 2 formulas were relatively less in each group, and MNE and MAE did not significantly increase with the growth of the axial length. However, the MAE and MNE of the SRK/T and Holladay 1 formulas significantly increased with the growth of the axial length, with the MNE and MAE of the Holladay 1 formula increasing more significantly in groups C, D, and E.CONCLUSION: For patients with age-related cataract, with an axial length of ≥26 mm, the accuracy of predicting the diopter of the intraocular lens using the Haigis and Holladay 2 formulas were higher.

Comparison of Ultrasound Prediction Methods for Fetal Body Mass and the Effect of Pregnancy Weight Gain on Its Accuracy / 实用妇产科杂志

Objective:To compare the accuracy of 11 ultrasound parameters prediction formulas for fetal body mass,and to explore the effect of gestational weight gain(GWG)on the accuracy of ultrasound prediction of fetal body mass.Methods:A total of 502 single and full-term postpartum women who gave birth from August 2020 to December 2020 at Jinshan Hospital,Fudan University were collected.The gestational weight gain,fetal ultrasound measurement indicators within 7 days before delivery,and newborn birth weight were calculated and analyzed.The accuracy of multiple ultrasound prediction formulas were calculated and analyzed.According to the criteria for weight gain during pregnancy,the reasonable weight gain during pregnancy was 12.5-18.0 kg for singleton pregnancies with pre-pregnancy(body mass index)BMI<18.5 kg/m2,11.5-16.0 kg for those with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2,7.0-11.5 kg for those with BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m2,and 5.0-9.0 kg for those with BMI≥30.0 kg/m2.The cases were divided into the group with insufficient GWG(125 cases),the normal group(202 cases),and the group with too much GWG(175 cases)to analyze the effect of different GWG on the accuracy of ultrasound pre-diction of fetal body mass.Results:Among the 11 ultrasound parameter formulas for predicting fetal body mass,the HadlockⅢformula predicted fetal body mass with an absolute error of 186.64±149.28 g and a relative error of(5.52±4.18)%,which was the smallest error among 11 prediction formulas,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The absolute and relative error compliance rates were 72.31%,86.25%,respectively,both of which were the highest,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).When the HadlockⅢformula was used to predict birth weight in the insufficient GWG group,the normal group,and the group with too much GWG,the absolute errors were 190.23±136.69 g,148.12±99.39 g,228.54±189.57 g,and the relative errors were(5.95±4.25)%,(4.40±2.78)%,(6.49±5.09)%,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:The accuracy of Hadlock Ⅲ formula in predicting fetal body mass is better than that of other formulas,but its accuracy can be affected by GWG,and it is necessary to consider multiple as-pects when estimating fetal body mass in clinical practice.

Clinical evaluation of autonomous robot assisted implant surgery:A retrospective clinical study / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of autonomous dental implant robot(ADIR)assisted implant surgery in 1-year follow-up.Methods:20 patients with tooth missing underwent implantation surgery by ADIR were incuded.The plat-form deviation,apex deviation and angular deviation of the implants were analyzed.The marginal bone height and peri-implant soft tis-sue health were measured and observed immediately,6 months and 12 months after the restoration.Results:The platform deviation,apex deviation and angular deviation of 20 implants at the 3 follow-up examinations were(0.34±0.11)mm,(0.34±0.15)mm and(0.82°±0.38°),respectively.There was no significant difference in the accuracy of different implant diameter and length(P＞0.05).During the follow-up period,all implants had successful osseointegration,stable marginal bone height,and acceptable peri-implant soft tissue condition.Conclusion:The 1-year follow-up indicates that ADIR can achieve promising clinical performance.Long-term follow-up studies are still necessary for verification.

Research advances in the accuracy of 3D printing prosthesis / 实用医学杂志

Prosthodontic dentures are used to treat tooth defects,dentition defects and dentition loss,which can restore the appearance and function of the patient's oral cavity.With the advent of the digital age,3D printing technologies have slowly gained widespread popularity.In the field of prosthodontics,3D printing can manufacture materials including resins,waxes,metals,and ceramics.Besides,it can produce fixed,movable,implant dentures and dental models required for dentures.3D printing can produce complicated things with a high material consump-tion rate,simplifying denture manufacture.In addition,the accuracy of 3D printed prosthesis is directly related to the comfort and durability.This article summarizes the process of accuracy of 3D printed dental prosthesis at home and abroad in recent years and provides clues for better 3D printing application.

Exploring Effect of Concentration on Quantitative Accuracy of QAMS by Taking Ginsenosides as an Example / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of concentration ratio（CR） between the internal reference and target components on the quantitative accuracy of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker（QAMS） by taking ginsenosides as an example. MethodUltra performance liquid chromatography（UPLC） was employed， the contents of nine components in Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma（ginsenosides Rg1， Re， Rf， Rh1， Rb1， Rc， Rb2， Rb3， Rd） were determined by external standard method（ES）. Using ginsenoside Rg1 as the internal reference， the contents of the remaining 8 ginsenosides were determined by QAMS， and the quantitative results were compared with those of ES to evaluate the quantitative accuracy of the established QAMS. According to the contents of these 9 ginsenosides， the simulated sample solutions with different CRs of ginsenoside Rg1 to ginsenosides Rf， Rb2， Rd were prepared with the reference substance（CR=100∶1， 10∶1， 5∶1， 2∶1， 1∶1， 0.5∶1， 0.25∶1）， in order to validate the effect of the CRs between the internal reference and other components on the quantitative accuracy of the QAMS. ResultThe results of ginsenosides Re， Rf， Rb1， Rc， Rb2 calculated by the two methods were the same with the relative standard deviation（RSD）<3%， however， the results of ginsenosides Rh1， Rb3 and Rd calculated by the two methods were different with RSDs of 7.06%-9.61%. According to the result of the simulated sample solution， the difference between the calculated results of ES and QAMS was large when the CR between the internal reference（ginsenoside Rg1） and other components was 5 or 10 or even higher. ConclusionThe quantitative error of QAMS will increase when the CR between the quantitative component and the internal reference is too large， so it is suggested that when establishing the QAMS， the components with close concentration to the internal reference should be selected for quantification.

Expert consensus on digital intraoral scanning technology / 口腔疾病防治

@#Digital intraoral scanning is a hot topic in the field of oral digital technology. In recent years, digital intraoral scanning has gradually become the mainstream technology in orthodontics, prosthodontics, and implant dentistry. The precision of digital intraoral scanning and the accuracy and stitching of data collection are the keys to the success of the impression. However, the operators are less familiar with the intraoral scanning characteristics, imaging processing, operator scanning method, oral tissue specificity of the scanned object, and restoration design. Thus far, no unified standard and consensus on digital intraoral scanning technology has been achieved at home or abroad. To deal with the problems encountered in oral scanning and improve the quality of digital scanning, we collected common expert opinions and sought to expound the causes of scanning errors and countermeasures by summarizing the existing evidence. We also describe the scanning strategies under different oral impression requirements. The expert consensus is that due to various factors affecting the accuracy of digital intraoral scanning and the reproducibility of scanned images, adopting the correct scanning trajectory can shorten clinical operation time and improve scanning accuracy. The scanning trajectories mainly include the E-shaped, segmented, and S-shaped methods. When performing fixed denture restoration, it is recommended to first scan the abutment and adjacent teeth. When performing fixed denture restoration, it is recommended to scan the abutment and adjacent teeth first. Then the cavity in the abutment area is excavated. Lastly, the cavity gap was scanned after completing the abutment preparation. This method not only meets clinical needs but also achieves the most reliable accuracy. When performing full denture restoration in edentulous jaws, setting markers on the mucosal tissue at the bottom of the alveolar ridge, simultaneously capturing images of the vestibular area, using different types of scanning paths such as Z-shaped, S-shaped, buccal-palatal and palatal-buccal pathways, segmented scanning of dental arches, and other strategies can reduce scanning errors and improve image stitching and overlap. For implant restoration, when a single crown restoration is supported by implants and a small span upper structure restoration, it is recommended to first pre-scan the required dental arch. Then the cavity in the abutment area is excavated. Lastly, scanning the cavity gap after installing the implant scanning rod. When repairing a bone level implant crown, an improved indirect scanning method can be used. The scanning process includes three steps: First, the temporary restoration, adjacent teeth, and gingival tissue in the mouth are scanned; second, the entire dental arch is scanned after installing a standard scanning rod on the implant; and third, the temporary restoration outside the mouth is scanned to obtain the three-dimensional shape of the gingival contour of the implant neck, thereby increasing the stability of soft tissue scanning around the implant and improving scanning restoration. For dental implant fixed bridge repair with missing teeth, the mobility of the mucosa increases the difficulty of scanning, making it difficult for scanners to distinguish scanning rods of the same shape and size, which can easily cause image stacking errors. Higher accuracy of digital implant impressions can be achieved by changing the geometric shape of the scanning rods to change the optical curvature radius. The consensus confirms that as the range of scanned dental arches and the number of data concatenations increases, the scanning accuracy decreases accordingly, especially when performing full mouth implant restoration impressions. The difficulty of image stitching processing can easily be increased by the presence of unstable and uneven mucosal morphology inside the mouth and the lack of relatively obvious and fixed reference objects, which results in insufficient accuracy. When designing restorations of this type, it is advisable to carefully choose digital intraoral scanning methods to obtain model data. It is not recommended to use digital impressions when there are more than five missing teeth.

Accuracy of digital guided implant surgery: expert consensus on nonsurgical factors and their treatments / 口腔疾病防治

@#The standardized workflow of computer-aided static guided implant surgery includes preoperative examination, data acquisition, guide design, guide fabrication and surgery. Errors may occur at each step, leading to irreversible cumulative effects and thus impacting the accuracy of implant placement. However, clinicians tend to focus on factors causing errors in surgical operations, ignoring the possibility of irreversible errors in nonstandard guided surgery. Based on the clinical practice of domestic experts and research progress at home and abroad, this paper summarizes the sources of errors in guided implant surgery from the perspectives of preoperative inspection, data collection, guide designing and manufacturing and describes strategies to resolve errors so as to gain expert consensus. Consensus recommendation: 1. Preoperative considerations: the appropriate implant guide type should be selected according to the patient's oral condition before surgery, and a retaining screw-assisted support guide should be selected if necessary. 2. Data acquisition should be standardized as much as possible, including beam CT and extraoral scanning. CBCT performed with the patient’s head fixed and with a small field of view is recommended. For patients with metal prostheses inside the mouth, a registration marker guide should be used, and the ambient temperature and light of the external oral scanner should be reasonably controlled. 3. Optimization of computer-aided design: it is recommended to select a handle-guided planting system and a closed metal sleeve and to register images by overlapping markers. Properly designing the retaining screws, extending the support structure of the guide plate and increasing the length of the guide section are methods to feasibly reduce the incidence of surgical errors. 4. Improving computer-aided production: it is also crucial to set the best printing parameters according to different printing technologies and to choose the most appropriate postprocessing procedures.

Evaluation of Fine Needle Biopsy (FNB) for Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS)-guided tissue acquisition of pancreatic masses to negate the need for rapid on-site evaluation: A randomized control trial

Background and Objectives@#The benefits of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of solid masses have not been convincingly shown in large, randomized trials. New equipment using EUS-guided fine needle biopsy (FNB) allows for more material to be acquired that may obviate the need for ROSE. This study aimed to evaluate if EUS-FNB without ROSE was non-inferior to EUS-FNA with ROSE in solid pancreatic masses (SPMs). @*Methods@#Patients with SPMs requiring tissue sampling were randomly assigned to undergo either EUS-FNA with ROSE or EUS-FNB without ROSE. The touch-imprint cytology technique was used to perform ROSE. The primary endpoint was diagnostic accuracy and secondary endpoints were specimen quality, complication rates, and procedure time. @*Results@#Seventy-eight patients were randomized and analyzed (39 EUS-FNA with ROSE and 39 EUS-FNB without ROSE). Non-significantly different diagnostic accuracies were noted in both groups (97% with ROSE and 100% without ROSE, P < 0.371). The bloodiness of histologic samples and complication rates were not significantly different between groups. A significantly shorter mean sampling procedural time was noted for EUS-FNB over EUS-FNA with ROSE (30.4 ± 10.4 vs 35.8 ± 9.8 minutes, P < .02). @*Conclusions@#EUS-FNB demonstrated equal diagnostic accuracy with shorter procedure times in evaluating SPMs compared to EUS-FNA with ROSE. These new-generation FNB needles may obviate the need for ROSE.

Robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Minimally invasive surgery is developing rapidly.Robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion are important posterior minimally invasive surgical approaches to treat lumbar degenerative diseases.However,it is worth discussing which operation method is more advantageous. OBJECTIVE:To compare the clinical efficacy and imaging examination between different operation groups,and discuss the clinical application value of robot-assisted minimally invasive lumbar posterior fusion technology to treat lumbar degenerative diseases. METHODS:Clinical data of 83 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases from January 2018 to June 2022 at the Department of Orthopedics,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Of them,27 patients received robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion treatment(group A);30 patients received robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion treatment(group B),and 26 traditional minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion patients were selected as the control group(group C).There were no significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,surgical segment,preoperative visual analog scale score and Oswestry Disability Index among the three groups(P＞0.05).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,complications,fluoroscopic dose,fluoroscopic time,and fluoroscopic frequency were compared among the three groups.Gertzbein-Robbins'classification was used to evaluate the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw.Visual analog scale and Oswestry Disability Index scores were evaluated after surgery.The excellent and good rate of the three surgical options was evaluated using Macnab's criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The operation time of group A was significantly shorter than that of groups B and C(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference between group B and group C(P＞0.05).The intraoperative blood loss in group B was significantly less than that in group A,and that in group A was significantly less than that in group C(P＜0.05).(2)The fluoroscopic dose,fluoroscopic time,and fluoroscopic frequency of group C were significantly higher than those of groups A and B(P＜0.05).(3)Visual analog scale score and Oswestry Disability Index in the three groups significantly improved after operation when compared with that before operation(P＜0.05),but there was no significant difference among the three groups 1 day and 6 months after surgery(P＞0.05).(4)Postoperative imaging showed that the accuracy of percutaneous pedicle screw placement in groups A and B was better than that in group C(P＜0.05).(5)There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate of MacNab criteria among the three groups(P＞0.05).(6)There was no significant difference in complications among the three groups(P＞0.05).(7)The results indicated that robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion and robot-assisted unilateral biportal endoscopic transforaminal/posterior lumbar interbody fusion are effective surgery methods for lumbar degenerative diseases.Compared with traditional minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,robot-assisted minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion surgery has higher efficiency,less intraoperative radiation and higher internal fixation accuracy,which has a good clinical application value.

Accuracy of sacroiliac screw placement in robot-assisted navigation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Orthopedic robots have been widely used in clinical practice,and relevant reports have shown that they have many advantages such as minimal trauma and short surgical time.However,there is currently no clear report on how accurate they are. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the accuracy of robot-assisted sacroiliac screw insertion. METHODS:A total of 131 patients with sacroiliac joint fracture and dislocation and sacral fracture admitted to the Department of Trauma Surgery,Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2020 to April 2023 were retrospectively collected,including 131 S1 screws and 46 S2 screws,totaling 177 screws.They were divided into two groups based on whether robot-assisted navigation was performed.There were 63 cases of sacroiliac screws inserted under robot-assisted navigation(observation group),with 36 males and 27 females,aged 19-72 years,with a mean age of(45.3±17.6)years.Among them,39 cases were fixed with only S1 screws,while 24 cases were fixed with S1S2 screws,resulting in a total of 87 sacroiliac screws.Under C-arm fluoroscopy,68 cases of sacroiliac screws were inserted with bare hands(control group),including 41 males and 27 females,aged 23-67 years,with a mean age of(42.6±21.3)years.Among them,46 cases were fixed with simple S1 screws,while 22 cases were fixed with S1S2 screws,resulting in a total of 90 sacroiliac screws.A postoperative CT scan was performed to evaluate the number of S1 screws,S2 screws,total screw level,and calculate accuracy based on the method introduced by SMITH et al. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In the observation group,62 S1 screws were accurately placed(62/63),with an accuracy rate of 98%.24 S2 screws were accurately placed(24/24),with an accuracy rate of 100%.The total number of screws accurately placed was 86(86/87),with an accuracy rate of 99%.(2)In the control group,58 S1 screws were accurately inserted(58/68),with an accuracy rate of 85%.19 S2 screws were accurately inserted(19/22),with an accuracy rate of 86%.The total number of screws accurately inserted was 77(77/90),with an accuracy rate of 86%.(3)There was a statistically significant difference in the accuracy of the S1 screw,S2 screw,and total screw between the two groups(P<0.05).It is suggested that the placement of sacroiliac screws under robot navigation has higher accuracy compared to manual placement under C-arm fluoroscopy,but still has a lower error rate in placement.

Robot-assisted pedicle screw internal fixation in treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Atlantoaxial dislocation,because of its high difficulty and high risk of surgery,has been regarded as the"surgical restricted area"by the international orthopedic community.However,with the rapid development of intelligent digitization in orthopedics,robot-assisted navigation screw placement technology has been widely used in clinical practice,which significantly reduces the difficulty and risk of surgery and improves the safety of surgery.However,there are few reports on the application of this technique in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the application value of robot-assisted pedicle screw internal fixation in the treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation. METHODS:The medical records of five patients with atlantoaxial dislocation treated with C1-C2 pedicle screw fixation under robot-assisted navigation in Zhuhai Hospital of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from October 2021 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.Operation time,length of neck incision,blood loss,postoperative drainage volume,and length of hospital stay were recorded.Attention should be paid to cerebrospinal fluid leakage,vertebral artery injury,nerve injury,operative area infection and other complications.The visual analog scale score of neck pain,the spinal cord injury grade of the American Spinal Injury Association,the cervical spine score of the Japanese Orthopaedic Association,and the imaging indicators were collected before surgery and at the last follow-up.Screw placement accuracy was assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Five patients were successfully completed surgery,without vascular,nerve injury or other complications,and were followed up for 12-20 months.(2)A total of 20 cervical pedicle screws were placed in 5 patients,including 9 type A screws,10 type B screws,and 1 type C screw.The accuracy of screw placement was 95%.(3)At the last follow-up,the visual analog scale score was(0.80±0.71)points,which was significantly lower than that before operation(4.00±2.83)points;the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score was(14.80±0.84)points,which was significantly higher than that before operation(8.00±0.71)points.Anterior atlantodental interval decreased from(7.86±3.25)mm to(2.82±0.93)mm;space available of the spinal cord increased from(6.74±1.99)mm to(12.10±3.51)mm;cervicomedullary angle increased from(133.32±13.55)° to(153.44±9.53)°;clivus-canal angle increased from(128.02±9.92)° to(143.25±12.99)°.The results of the last follow-up indexes were improved compared with those before operation,and the differences were significant(all P<0.05).(4)Postoperative imaging follow-up showed that all patients had bone fusion in the bone graft area,and no internal fixation loosening,fracture or pull-out occurred.(5)This method can avoid relying on the doctor's experience and hand feeling,ensure the accuracy of upper cervical screw placement,reduce the risk of surgery,and obtain satisfactory results in mid-term follow-up.

Clinical monitoring: numerical value is the body and timing is life / 中华危重病急救医学

Monitoring is more common in today's clinical practice, especially in critical care medicine. Any confusion between monitoring and diagnosis will mislead clinical behavior which could be disastrous. A monitoring parameter usually focuses on a specific physiological point and represents the immediate situation of the point with quantitative values. A series of numerical value of monitoring parameters indicate physiological change or a disease process. If the clinical intervention targeted at the point, the numerical value represents the strength and the direction of the intervention. However, monitoring itself is not a therapeutical method. Only when medical personnel understand the characteristics of the parameters totally and use them to guide feedback management, and then to constitute accurate implementation of intervention methods, monitoring is worth to practise, and it is of clinical significance.

Development and accuracy verification of a continuous non-invasive blood pressure measurement device/ / 中国医学装备

Objective:To develop a continuous non-invasive blood pressure measurement device(NC-BPM)and verify the accuracy of that in monitoring blood pressure.Methods:A NC-BPM type of non-invasively continuous blood pressure measurement device(NC-BPM for short)was developed.The entire system consisted of four modules included one sensor which shape was finger cot,one unit of signal acquisition and pressure control,one calibration system for height and one host.The Omron J760 electronic sphygmomanometer(J760)and the CNAP Monitor500 continuous non-invasive blood pressure monitoring system(CNAP Monitor500)were used as the reference sphygmomanometer of verifying accuracy of the monitored blood pressure.The blood pressures of 25 subjects at three stages included static stage,blood pressure change stage and stage post calibration were respectively measured according to the standard test procedure of wearable sleeveless blood pressure measurement device of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers(IEEE).Results:Both NC-BPM and CNAP Monitor500 collected 13753 data points,and there were high correlation in systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and mean blood pressure(MAP)between the two devices(r=0.96,0.97,0.98,P<0.05).A total of 379 data points were collected by Omron J760,and there were high correlation in SBP and DBP between NC-BPM and Omron J760(r=0.98,0.95,P<0.05).According to the standards of British Hypertension Society(BHS)and the American Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation(AAMI)to conduct grade evaluation,and the proportions of the SBP differences between NC-BPM and CNAP Monitor500 within the ranges of 0～5 mmHg,0～10 mmHg and 0～15 mmHg were respectively 85.01%,97.60%and 99.47%,and the proportions of the DBP differences between them within the three ranges were respectively 84.34%,99.85%and 100%,and the proportions of the MAP differences were respectively 92.66%,99.72%and 99.96%,all of which belonged to BHS grade A.The pressure difference values of measured SBP,DBP and MAP between the two devices were respectively(0.67±5.07)mmHg,(2.43±2.87)mmHg and(1.43±2.89)mmHg,which were within the(5±8)mmHg of AAMI standard range.The proportions of the SBP differences between NC-BPM and Omron J76 within the ranges of 0～5 mmHg,0～10 mmHg and 0～15 mmHg were respectively 79.95%,97.36%and 100%,and the proportions of the DBP differences between them within the three ranges were respectively 89.71%,99.74%and 100%,all of which belonged to BHS grade A.The difference values of systolic and diastolic blood pressures of brachial artery between the two devices were respectively(1.57±4.18)mmHg and(0.57±5.20)mmHg,which were within the(5±8)mmHg of AAMI standard range.Conclusion:The NC-BPM device has passed the first stage of clinical trials in accordance with IEEE standards,which can proceed to the next stage of clinical verification trials.

Evaluating the precision and accuracy of digital dental models with a low-cost structured light device

ABSTRACT Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy and precision of digital models acquisition using a home-built, low-cost scanning system based on the structured light method. Methods: a plaster model (PM) was scanned using the experimental device (SL) and a dental desktop scanner (DS). The teeth dimensions of PM and SL models were measured in triplicate, with a caliper and digitally, respectively. The agreement of the measurements of each model was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, and the validity between the different measurement techniques was assessed using the Bland-Altman analysis. The accuracy and precision of the models were qualitatively investigated using the mesh superposition of the SL and DS models. Results: A high intraclass correlation coefficient was observed in all models (PM=0.964; SL1=0.998; SL2=0.995; SL3=0.998), and there was no statistical difference between the measurements of the SL models (p>0.05). PM and SL model measurements were found to be in good agreement, with only 3.57% of the observed differences between the same measurement being located outside 95% limits of agreement according to Bland and Altman (0.43 and -0.40 mm). In the superimpositions of SL-SL and SL-DS models, areas of discrepancy greater than 0.5 mm were observed mainly in interproximal, occlusal, and cervical sites. Conclusion: These results indicate that the home-built SL scanning system did not possess sufficient accuracy and precision for many clinical applications. However, the consistency in preserving the dental proportions suggests that the equipment can be used for planning, storage, and simple clinical purposes.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a acurácia e a precisão da aquisição de modelos digitais utilizando um sistema de digitalização caseiro e de baixo custo baseado no método de luz estruturada. Material e Métodos: Para isso, um modelo de gesso (MG) foi digitalizado utilizando o dispositivo experimental (LE) e um scanner dental de mesa (SD). As dimensões dos dentes dos modelos MG e LE foram medidas em triplicata com um paquímetro e digitalmente, respectivamente. A concordância das medidas de cada modelo foi avaliada usando o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, e a validade entre as diferentes técnicas de medição foi avaliada usando a análise de Bland-Altman. A acurácia e a precisão dos modelos foram investigadas qualitativamente usando a sobreposição de malhas dos modelos LE e SD. Resultados: Um alto coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi observado em todos os modelos (MG=0,964; LE1=0,998; LE2=0,995; LE3=0,998) e não houve diferença estatística entre as medições dos modelos LE (p>0,05). As medições dos modelos MG e LE mostraram boa concordância, com apenas 3,57% das diferenças observadas entre as mesmas medições localizadas fora dos limites de concordância de 95% de acordo com a análise de Bland-Altman (0,43 e -0,40 mm). Nas sobreposições dos modelos LE-LE e LE-SD, foram observadas áreas de discrepância maiores que 0,5 mm principalmente nos sítios interproximais, oclusais e cervicais. Conclusões: Esses resultados indicam que o sistema de digitalização por luz estruturada caseiro não possui precisão e acurácia suficientes para muitas aplicações clínicas. No entanto, a consistência na preservação das proporções dentárias sugere que o equipamento pode ser usado para planejamento, armazenamento e propósitos clínicos simples.

Influence of repositioning guides' color and usage on precision in tooth color measurement with a clinical spectrophotometer

Abstract Repositioning guides are commonly employed in clinical studies to ensure consistent tooth color measurements. Yet, their influence on measured color remains uncertain. Objective This study evaluated the impact of repositioning guides' color and usage on tooth color measurement using a clinical spectrophotometer. Methodology In total, 18 volunteers participated in this study, in which the color of their upper left central incisor and upper left canine was measured with or without repositioning guides (control). The guides were made from pink, blue, or translucent silicone, as well as an acetate-based bleaching tray. Tooth color was measured in triplicates using a clinical spectrophotometer based on the CIELAB system. The standard deviations of these readings were used to estimate reproducibility, and color differences (ΔE00) between the measurements with guides and the control were calculated. Results Repositioning guides had a minimal effect on L* values and no effect on b* values. The use of pink silicone increased a* values, whereas blue or translucent silicone reduced them. Irrespective of the evaluated tooth, the lowest ΔE00 values were observed for the translucent silicone and bleaching tray. The usage of guides only affected data variability for the L* color coordinate. Conclusion Using repositioning guides can significantly impact the precision of tooth color measurement with a clinical spectrophotometer.

Construction and validation of an instrument for evaluating Lean Healthcare in healthcare institutions / Construcción y validación de un instrumento para evaluar el Lean Healthcare en instituciones de salud / Construção e validação de instrumento para avaliação do Lean Healthcare em instituições de saúde

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an instrument to evaluate Lean Healthcare in healthcare institutions. Method: Methodological study conducted in three stages: 1) Instrument construction; 2) Content validity using the Delphi technique with 14 experts; and 3) Construct validation using Structural Equation Modeling with sample consisted of 113 professionals with experience in Lean Healthcare. Data collection carried out from October/2020 to January/2021 using a digital form. Data analysis performed with the SmartPLS2.0/M3 software. Results: Items were developed after an integrative review and divided into the dimensions Structure, Process and Outcome, according to Donabedian's theoretical framework. Content validation in two rounds of the Delphi technique. Final instrument, after model adjustment, containing 16 items with Cronbach's alpha of 0.77 in Structure, 0.71 in Process and 0.83 in Outcome. Conclusion: The instrument presented evidence of validity and reliability, enabling its use in healthcare institutions to evaluate Lean Healthcare.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Construir y validar un instrumento para evaluar Lean Healthcare en instituciones de salud. Método: Estudio metodológico realizado en tres etapas: 1) Construcción del instrumento; 2) Validez de contenido mediante técnica Delphi con participación de 14 expertos; 3) Validez de constructo mediante Modelado de Ecuaciones Estructurales con muestra compuesta por 113 profesionales con experiencia en Lean Healthcare. La recopilación de datos se realizó de octubre/2020 a enero/2021 mediante formulario digital. El análisis de datos se realizó con el software SmartPLS2.0/M3. Resultados: Ítems elaborados después de revisión integradora y divididos en las dimensiones Estructura, Proceso y Resultado, según referencial teórico de Donabedian. Validación de contenido en dos rondas de la técnica Delphi. Instrumento final, después del ajuste del modelo, contiene 16 ítems con alfa de Cronbach 0,77 en Estructura, 0,71 en Proceso y 0,83 en Resultado. Conclusión: El instrumento presentó evidencias de validez y confiabilidad, permitiendo uso para evaluar Lean Healthcare.

RESUMO Objetivo: Construir e validar um instrumento para avaliar o Lean Healthcare nas instituições de saúde. Método: Estudo metodológico realizado em três etapas: 1) Construção do instrumento; 2) Validade de conteúdo pela técnica Delphi com 14 especialistas; e 3) Validade de constructo por Modelagem de Equações Estruturais, em amostra de 113 profissionais com experiência no Lean Healthcare. Coleta de dados realizada de outubro/2020 a janeiro/2021 por formulário digital. Análise de dados realizadas com o software SmartPLS2.0/M3. Resultados: Itens elaborados após revisão integrativa e divididos nas dimensões Estrutura, Processo e Resultado, conforme referencial teórico de Donabedian. Validação de conteúdo em duas rodadas da técnica Delphi. Instrumento final, após ajuste do modelo, contendo 16 itens com alfa de Cronbach de 0,77 em Estrutura, 0,71 em Processo e 0,83 em Resultado. Conclusão: O instrumento apresentou evidências de validade e confiabilidade, permitindo seu uso nas instituições de saúde para avaliar o Lean Healthcare.

Qualidade de dados antropométricos de crianças menores de 5 anos no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional, 2008-2020 / Quality of anthropometric data of children under 5 years in the Brazilian National Food and Nutrition Surveillance System, 2008-2020 / Calidad de datos antropométricos de niños menores de 5 años en el Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional, 2008-2020

O planejamento, o monitoramento e a avaliação das ações de alimentação e nutrição dependem de estimativas confiáveis realizadas a partir de dados antropométricos de qualidade adequada. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a qualidade de dados antropométricos de crianças menores de 5 anos no Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN) no período de 2008 a 2020. A amostra compreendeu 23.453.620 crianças menores de 5 anos. Inicialmente, avaliamos a distribuição de valores faltantes e de valores fora do espectro do equipamento e calculamos o índice de preferência de dígito para peso e altura. Os índices nutricionais altura para idade (A-I), peso para idade (P-I) e índice de massa corporal para idade (IMC-I) foram calculados com a utilização do padrão de crescimento da Organização Mundial da Saúde, de 2006. Em seguida, sinalizamos os valores biologicamente implausíveis (VBI) e calculamos o desvio padrão (DP) dos índices nutricionais. Para cada município, calculamos a média e o DP de A-I e P-I e plotamos os valores de DP em função da média. Em todas as Unidades Federativas, o índice de preferência de dígito alcançou valor mínimo de 80 para altura e 20 para peso. Para os três índices nutricionais, houve redução da frequência de VBI no período de 2008 a 2020. Mesmo após a exclusão dos VBI, identificamos elevada variabilidade para os três índices nutricionais. Os indicadores avaliados demonstraram baixa qualidade da mensuração principalmente nas regiões Norte e Nordeste. Nossos resultados indicam qualidade insuficiente dos dados antropométricos em crianças menores de 5 anos e reforçam a necessidade de investimento em ações para o aprimoramento da coleta e do registro das informações antropométricas.

The planning, monitoring, and evaluation of food and nutrition actions depend on reliable estimates based on adequate anthropometric data. The study aimed to analyze the quality of anthropometric data of children aged under 5 years in the Brazilian National Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN) from 2008 to 2020. The sample comprised 23,453,620 children aged under 5 years. Initially, we evaluated the distribution of missing values and values outside the spectrum of the instrument, and calculated the digit preference index for weight and height. The nutritional indexes height for age (HAZ), weight for age (WAZ), and body mass index for age (BAZ) were calculated according to the World Health Organization 2006 child growth standards. Then, we identified the biologically implausible values (BIV) and calculated the standard deviation (SD) of the nutritional indexes. For each municipality, we calculated the mean and SD of HAZ and WAZ; and plotted the SD values as a function of the mean. In all Federative Units, the digit preference index reached a minimum value of 80 for height and 20 for weight. For the three nutritional indexes, there was a reduction in the frequency of BIV in the 2008-2020 period. Even after the exclusion of BIV, we identified high variability for the three nutritional indexes. The indicators evaluated showed low quality of measurement, especially in the North and Northeast regions. Our results indicate insufficient quality of anthropometric data in children aged under 5 years, and reinforce the need to invest in actions to improve the collection and recording of anthropometric information.

La planificación, monitoreo y evaluación de acciones de alimentación y nutrición dependen de estimaciones confiables realizadas a partir de datos antropométricos de calidad adecuada. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la calidad de datos antropométricos de niños menores de 5 años en el Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional (SISVAN) entre los años 2008 y 2020. La muestra se compuso de 23.453.620 niños menores de 5 años. Al principio, evaluamos la distribución de valores faltantes y de valores fueras del espectro del equipo, y calculamos el índice de preferencia de dígito para peso y altura. Los índices nutricionales altura para edad (A-E), peso para edad (P-E) e índice de masa corporal para edad (IMC-E) se calcularon utilizando el patrón de crecimiento de la Organización Mundial de la Salud de 2006. Luego, indicamos los valores biológicamente inverosímiles (VBI) y calculamos la desviación estándar (DE) de los índices nutricionales. Para cada municipio, calculamos la media y la DE de A-E y P-E; y representamos los valores de DE en función de la media. En todas las Unidades Federativas, el índice de preferencia de dígito alcanzó el valor mínimo de 80 para altura y 20 para peso. Para los tres índices nutricionales, hubo una disminución de la frecuencia de VBI entre los años de 2008 y 2020. Incluso tras excluir los VBI, identificamos una alta variabilidad para los tres índices nutricionales. Los indicadores evaluados demostraron una baja calidad de medición, sobre todo en las regiones Norte y Nordeste. Nuestros resultados indican una calidad insuficiente de datos antropométricos en niños menores de 5 años y fortalecen la necesidad de inversión en acciones para mejorar la recolección y registro de las informaciones antropométricas.

Inconsistencies in the completeness of the pregnant woman's card: a systematic review / Inconsistências na completitude do cartão da gestante: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract Introduction The pregnant woman's card is one of the instruments used to evaluate prenatal care. It is an important source of data for epidemiological survey, being essential to ensure the flow of information and contribute to the continuity of care. Objective: Analyze studies that focused on the evaluation of the completeness of the pregnant woman's card. Methods A systematic review was carried out in the Scielo, Virtual Health Library, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases and the checklist based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) guideline was used. Results Forty-three studies were identified, resulting in seven analyzed. The studies showed methodological differences, especially regarding the fields of the pregnant woman's card selected for analysis, method of presentation and interpretation of results, ranging from relative frequency with different categories to classification by Romero & Cunha score. This divergence limited the comparison of findings. Even so, all studies observed poor completeness in important fields of the maternity card. Conclusion It is extremely important that professionals and managers value the full completion of the pregnant woman's card, favoring the assessment of care and decision-making during prenatal care.

Resumo Introdução O cartão da gestante é um dos instrumentos utilizados para avaliar o pré-natal. É importante fonte de dados para levantamento epidemiológico, sendo fundamental para garantir fluxo de informações e contribuir para a continuidade do cuidado. Objetivo: Analisar estudos que se detiveram na avaliação da completitude do cartão da gestante. Métodos Realizou-se revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Scielo, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, EMBASE e Web of Science e utilizou-se a checklist com base na diretriz Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). Resultados Quarenta e três estudos foram identificados, resultando em sete analisados. Os estudos apresentaram diferença metodológica, sobretudo quanto aos campos do cartão da gestante selecionados para análise, método de apresentação e interpretação de resultados, variando da frequência relativa com diferentes categorias à classificação pelo score de Romero & Cunha. Essa divergência limitou a comparação dos achados. Ainda assim, todos os estudos observaram completitude ruim em campos importantes do cartão da gestante. Conclusão É extremamente importante que profissionais e gestores valorizem o preenchimento integral do cartão da gestante, favorecendo a avaliação da assistência e a tomada de decisão durante o pré-natal.

The effect of attention shifting on Chinese children's word reading in primary school

Abstract Background This study explored the effects of attention shifting on Chinese children's word reading. Objective The sample consisted of 87 fourth-grade children from Shaoxing City, China. Methods The students completed measures of the attention shifting task, reading accuracy test, reading fluency test, and rapid automatized naming test. Results The results showed that reading fluency was significantly correlated with attention shifting scores, specifically with tag1 and tag6 (ps < 0.05). The reading accuracy score was also significantly correlated with tag6 (p < 0.05). According to the regression analysis of attention shifting on word reading, even when controlling for rapid automatic naming, attention shifting significantly affected word reading fluency at approximately 600 ms (p = .011). Attention shifting did not affect children's word reading accuracy. Short conclusion These findings suggest that attention shifting is significantly associated with children's word reading. Educators should focus on developing children's attention shifting to improve their word reading ability.