Mining pharmacovigilance signals for asthma adverse events in underage population based on the FAERS database / 药物流行病学杂志

Objective To conduct data mining of asthma-inducing medications in underage populations based on the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,so as to provide reference for the clinical application of related medications.Methods Adverse drug event(ADE)reports from the first quarter of 2013 to the fourth quarter of 2022 in the FAERS database were collected and screened for reports of asthma adverse events in the this population(under 18 years old),which were categorized into infants,toddlers,children,and adolescents according to different age groups,and were subjected to medication signal mining by using the reporting odds ratio method,the composite standardized method,and the information component method.Results A total of 1 915 reports were obtained after screening,involving 1 042(54.41％)males and 831(43.39％)females;the highest percentage of the reporting population was between 12 and under 18 years old,with a total of 762(39.79％);60.78％of the reports were reported by health professionals;and the results of the clinical referrals showed that serious adverse events occurred in 85.90％of the cases.306 suspected drugs were screened,52 drugs were determined to be valid signals,and 1 044 adverse events were reported,of which 16 drug inserts did not mention the risk of asthma,in order of elosulfatase alpha,canakinumab,tobramycin,vancomycin,ceftriaxone,cetirizine,phenylephrine,imiglucerase,cefuroxime,betamethasone,atropine,tadalafil,riscovastatin,cyclophosphamide,octreotide,and omeprazole.Conclusion The FAERS database was mined for adverse drug event signals and evaluated using the proportional disequilibrium method to identify 16 medicines that may trigger pharmacogenetic asthma and are not documented in the specification,which can be used to provide a good early warning for the clinic.At the same time,focusing on special populations,strengthening the assessment of lung function before medication and monitoring during and after medication,timely interventions were taken to reduce the harm of drug-derived adverse reactions and ensure the safe use of medication.

Data mining of hematological adverse events related to antibody-drug conjugate based on FAERS / 药物流行病学杂志

Objective Based on the U.S.Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System(FAERS)database,data mining was conducted on hematological adverse events related to antibody drug conjugates(ADC),providing reference for the safe use of ADC drugs in clinical practice.Methods The report data from the third quarter of 2011 to the fourth quarter of 2022 were retrieved from the FAERS database.After data cleaning such as deduplication and name standardization,extract hematological adverse events related to ADC,and use report odds ratio method and the information component method for signal detection.Results A total of 101 610 adverse event reports were extracted,with 8 ADC drugs as the primary suspected drugs,and 5 768 ADC related hematological adverse event reports.Among them,3 423 cases of agranulocytosis were involved,and the signal intensity from strong to weak were sacituzumab govitecan(SG),gemtuzumab ozogamicin(GO),brentuximab vedotin(BV),polatuzumab vedotin(PV),enfortumab vedotin(EV),trastuzumab deruxtecan(TD),inotuzumab ozogamicin(IO)and ado-trastuzumab emtansine(TDM-1).There were 2 327 cases hematopoietic cell deficiency,with signals ranging from strong to weak were IO,SG,BV,EV,PV,TD,TDM-1,and GO.Report with clinical outcome of death of ADC drug related hematological adverse events included BV 179(16.84％),TDM-1 102(13.01％),TD 88(27.08％),GO 12(16.90％),IO 8(11.59％),EV 54(24.32％),PV 22(27.16％),and SG 84(21.05％).Adverse event time analysis showed that the number of events on the first day of TD,IO,and SG medication accounts for ≥ 40％of the total number of cases.The median time of hematological adverse events in TD,GO,IO,EV,PV,and SG was within one treatment course(21 days).Conclusion Attention should be paid to the risk of ADC drug-related hematological adverse event,during the clinical medication process,blood cell count changes should be closely monitored,and any abnormalities should be promptly diagnosed and treated.

Medication Rules for Hypertension with Preserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure Based on Data Mining / 医学信息学杂志

Purpose/Significance By using data mining methods,the medication rules and prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for treating hypertension with preserved ejection fraction heart failure are discussed.Method/Process The da-tabase is established based on the TCMprescription information of hypertensive patients with preserved ejection fraction heart failure ad-mitted to the Cardiovascular Disease Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from Janu-ary 2019 to July 2022.SPSS Statistics and Moderler software are used to analyze the frequency,taste,meridian tropism,efficacy,associ-ation rules,clustering and factor analysis of the prescriptions to explore medication rules.Result/Conclusion TCMin the treatment of hy-pertension with preserved ejection fraction heart failure is mainly to replenish qi and spleen,nourish the heart and calm the mind,relieve phlegm,relieve cough and asthma,and pay attention to promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,promoting water infiltra-tion and dampness,which can reflect the overall concept of TCMand the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment based on syndrome dif-ferentiation and provide references for clinical medication.

Study on Online Doctor Response Adoption Prediction Based on Multimodal Data Mining / 医学信息学杂志

Purpose/Significance To use multimodal data analysis method to mine medical Q&A data in online healthcare platforms and predict whether patients will adopt online doctors'responses.Method/Process First,numerical,categorical,textual,and visual data related to doctor-patient Q&A are obtained from online healthcare platforms,and three datasets of acute disease,chronic disease and mixed disease are constructed according to disease types.Then,normalization,one-hot encoding,Med-BERT,and convolutional neural network are used respectively to process numerical,categorical,textual,and visual data.Finally,a gradient boosting decision tree is used to predict whether patients will adopt online doctors'responses.Result/Conclusion Doctors'profile pictures can improve the prediction effect of online doctor response adoption,and multimodal data mining can effectively predict the response adoption.

Prescription Rule of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy via Data Analysis and Biofilm Interference / 医药导报

Objective To analyze the medication rule of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)in treating diabetes nephropathy(DN)and to explore the interaction between core components and key targets.Methods Based on the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform,the medication rules of TCMs and the drug pairs with the highest frequency in treating DN were summarized.Then the network pharmacology approach was utilized to analyze the pharmacodynamic material basis and mechanisms of the highest frequency-drug pairs.The potential targets were predicted by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP)databases.TTD,DISGENET,and GENECARD databases were used to obtain the related targets of DN and screen out the potential targets for DN.In order to clarify the relationships between the active ingredients,the core targets,and pathways,STRING and Cytoscape 3.7.1 software were used to construct the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network and core drugs-ingredients-targets-disease interaction network,DAVID database was screened for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Gnomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis of core targets.Sybyl 2.1 software and biofilm interference verify the combined capacity between the core ingredients and key targets.Results Among 183 prescriptions,Astragali Radix had the highest use frequency and average dose,43 times and 37 g,respectively,followed by Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix and Poria cocos.To find the core combined with the highest confidence in association analysis was astragalus,salvia miltiorrhiza,and tuckahoe.Correlation analysis indicates that the core combination with the highest confidence was Astragali Radix-Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix-Poria cocos.Network pharmacologic showed 89 potential targets and 15 key signaling pathways for the treatment of DN by the drug pair.TNF signaling pathway,Nod-like receptor signaling pathway,and MAPK signaling pathway were disease-related pathways,and IL-6,TNF,and vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)were core targets.Isorhamnetin and quercetin of the drug pair had high binding ability with IL6,the scores were 8.2 and 7.4,respectively,and the dissociation constants(KD)were 5.6×10-5 mol·L-1 and 6.8×10-5 mol·L-1,respectively.Conclusion This study preliminarily finds the prescription rule of treating DN with Astragali Radix-Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix-Poria cocos as the core drug pair,isorhamnetin,and quercetin are probably the main active compounds of this drug pair in DN treatment,which provides a basis for clinical treatment and drug discovery of DN.

Analysis of the application characteristics of the acute liver injury animal model based on data mining / 中国比较医学杂志

Objective To investigate the modeling elements of various types of animal models for acute liver injury,and to provide references and suggestions to establish and evaluate animal models of acute liver injury(ALI).Methods The animal experimental literature of ALI from 2002 to 2022 was searched in the databases of the China Knowledge Network,WanFang,Chongqing Vip(VIP),Chinese Medical Journal Full Text Data(Yiigle),and PubMed.The animal species,positive control drugs,modeling method,modeling drugs,and drug administration of the animal models of ALI in the literature were summarized.The result were analyzed using Excel,SPSS Modeler 18.0,and Cytoscape 3.8.2.Results A total of 896 articles were included in the databases.The most used animal models for ALI were male KM mice.The modeling method were mainly chemical liver injury,alcoholic liver injury,drug-related liver injury,and immune liver injury.①The corresponding main modeling method were intraperitoneal injection of 10 mL/kg of 0.1％CC14 in vegetable oil at 24 h before experiments,②gavage of 12.0 mL/kg of 50.0％～56.0％ethanol at 16 h before experiments,③intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg APAP at 24 h before experiments,④tail vein injection of 20 mg/kg Con A at 8 h before experiments.Evaluation of the models was based on liver pathological indexes as the gold standard combined with biochemical indexes of serum ALT,AST,and SOD and MDA contents and activities in liver tissue homogenate as direct indicators.Conclusions Because the causes of ALI vary in clinical practice,the preparation of animal models of ALI should be based on the specific study content and characteristics,and the corresponding modeling method should be selected.

Optimization of the clinical drug list of DRG based on data mining technology / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To optimize the clinical drug list of diagnosis-related group （DRG）， reduce the drug cost of patients， and increase the DRG settlement rate. METHODS By selecting BR23 disease group in the department of neurology of a hospital as the research object， data mining technology was used to explore the medication rule of the disease group， and the key monitored drugs were scored by comprehensive evaluation of drugs， thus optimizing the clinical drug list of disease groups. The hospitalization information of patients enrolled in the disease group in December 2022 was selected as the pre-optimization data， and the hospitalization information of patients enrolled in the disease group in September 2023 was selected as the post-optimization data. The implementation effect of the optimized list was evaluated by comparing the medical quality and drug cost data between the two groups. RESULTS After optimizing the clinical drug list， the settlement rate of this disease group increased from 84.36% before optimization to 104.70%； there was significant reduction in hospitalization drug cost and total hospitalization cost （P＜ 0.05）； the consumption of key monitored drugs significantly decreased. CONCLUSIONS Data mining technology helps explore the clinical medication rules of disease groups， which can be used by pharmacists to improve the settlement rate of DRG through effective pharmaceutical intervention.

Drug use patterns in the treatment of high-risk cervical HPV infection based on data mining / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the rule of drug use in treating high-risk cervical human papilloma virus(HPV)infection by using data mining method.Methods Medical records and prescriptions of patients with high-risk HPV infection treated at Wang Jin Outpatient Department of Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from January 1,2021 to December 1,2022 were collected.SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS 25.0 were used for drug use frequency,association rules,clustering and other data analysis.Results A total of 100 prescriptions were included,involving a total of 162 Chinese materia medicas,with a total of 1445 times of Chinese materia medicas.The drugs with the highest frequency of use were mainly tonic drugs,antipyretic drugs,regulating vital energy drugs and tranquillizing drugs.Complex network analysis showed that there were close correlation among hedyotis,dried tangerine peel,immature tangerine peel,silktree albizia bark and buffalo horn.Three potential new prescriptions were explored.Conclusion The disease was mostly caused by deficiency in origin and excess in pathological products,and the treatment was to treat both symptoms and root causes,and to attack and supplement,with the treatment of clearing heat and removing toxicity,eliminating dampness,benefiting qi for activating blood circulation and nourishing yin,supplemented by nourishing heart for tranquillization.

Signal mining and analysis for adverse events of avatrombopag based on FAERS / 陆军军医大学学报

Objective To mine the adverse drug events(ADE)signal of avatrombopag,an effective drug for thrombocytopenia treatment,based on real world data in order to provide reference for its clinical safety application.Methods The OpenVigil2.1 pharmacovigilance platform was used to obtain the ADE report data of avatrombopag from May 2018 to March 2023 in the database of FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).The ADE signals were classified and described by the system organ class(SOC)and preferred term(PT)of the ADE terminology set in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities(MedDRA),and reporting odds ratio(ROR)and UK Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency(MHRA)comprehensive standard were used to detect the positive ADE signals.Results A total of 1 879 ADE reports related to avatrombopag were obtained,24 SOCs were involved,and 28 positive ADE signals were detected at PT level.Among these signals,the strongest ones were renal vein thrombosis,portal vein thrombosis and graft versus host disease,while the reports accounting for the largest numbers were headache,fatigue and asthenia.There were 8 ADE signals discovered newly,that is,seasonal allergy,back disorder,musculoskeletal discomfort,flatulence,hypersomnia,rash macular,emotional disorder,and rhinorrhoea.Conclusion For clinical use of avatrombopag,clinicians should not only concern the risk of thrombosis,but also pay close attention to ADE signals such as seasonal allergy,back disorder,musculoskeletal discomfort,flatulence,hypersomnia,rash macular,emotional disorder,and rhinorrhoea that are not documented in the instructions.

Discussion on the medication law of Wang Xugao for the treatment of phlegm-drinking disease based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the prescription ideas of treating phlegm-drinking disease in Wang Xugao Lin Zheng Yi An; To analyze the medication law of Wang Xugao's clinical treatment of phlegm-drinking disease. Methods:The database was established based on the medical records of the chapter of phlegm, fluid retention and liver wind and phlegm fire contained in Wang Xugao Lin Zheng Yi An. Excel 2017 software was used to analyze the frequency, taste and meridian tropism of all Chinese materia medica. For Chinese materia medica with frequency≥10, IBM SPSS Modeler 18 software was used to analyze the association rules based on Apriori algorithm, and SPSS 25.0 software was used for cluster analysis based on Ochiai algorithm. Results:A total of 80 medical cases were included, involving 114 prescriptions, including 191 flavors of Chinese materia medica . High-frequency Chinese materia medica mainly included Poria, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and Armeniacae Semen Amarum, etc. The main properties in Wang Xugao's medication for the treatment of phlegm-drink disease were warm, followed by cold and mild. The main tastes were sweet, bitter and pungent. Drugs mainly belong to the lung meridian and spleen, stomach, liver, kidney meridians; several core medicinal pairs were obtained, such as Farfarae Flos - Armeniacae Semen Amarum, Pinelliae Rhizoma - Zingiberis Rhizoma, Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis - Haliotidis Concha, etc. Eight groups of core drug combinations could be sorted out by clustering analysis.Conclusions:In the treatment of phlegm-drinking disease, Wang Xugao paid attention to the simultaneous treatment of multiple viscera to coordinate the balance between the viscera, emphasized the complex etiology of phlegm-drinking disease combined with cold, fire and dampness, attached importance to the treatment of healthy qi to retreat pathogens, the regulation of three-energizer to regulate qi flow. The treatment of three-energizer, promoting yang and reducing phlegm, clearing liver and dispelling wind are the main methods. Medication mainly chooses properties of sweet and warm, with bitter and pungent.

Exploration on the law of syndrome and treatment of TCM in the treatment of stable angina pectoris based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To summarize the thinking and compatibility law of TCM in the treatment of stable angina pectoris (SAP) based on syndrome differentiation using data mining technology.Methods:The clinical studies of TCM treatment for SAP in databases of CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and SinoMed China Biomedical Literature Service System were retrieved from the establishment of the databases to February 28, 2022. The frequency statistic, clustering analysis and association rule analysis of TCM data were conducted using Clementine 12.0, Excel 2016, SPSS Statistics 22.0 software, and core prescriptions were summarized.Results:Totally 289 prescriptions were included, involving 185 kinds of Chinese materia medica, including 38 TCM syndrome types. Based on the overall study of SAP "disease", the clinical treatment of SAP was mainly based on the drugs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis, tonifying deficiency and strengthening healthy qi, and regulating qi and resolving phlegm. The single Chinese materia medica with high frequency of use were Chuanxiaong Rhizoma, Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, etc. The commonly used drug pairs included Chuanxiaong Rhizoma-Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiaong Rhizoma-Carthami Flos, Chuanxiaong Rhizoma-Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, etc. The drug complex network diagram and clustering analysis showed that the prescription of Buyang Huanwu Decoction was the basic prescription for the treatment of SAP; based on the specific research of SAP "syndrome", the most common TCM syndromes of SAP were qi deficiency and blood stasis, phlegm and blood stasis, and qi stagnation and blood stasis. The drug properties of the three drugs were mainly warm and mild; the tastes were mainly sweet, pungent and bitter, and most of them belong to the liver, spleen, lung and heart meridian; in terms of specific medication, the basic prescription of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome was Buyang Huanwu Decoction, which was composed of high-frequency drugs such as Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiaong Rhizoma, Salviea Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, etc; The phlegm and blood stasis syndrome was often based on the Gualou Xiebai Banxia Decoction and Taohong Siwu Decoction, which were composed of high frequency drugs such as Pinelliae Rhizoma, Chuanxiaong Rhizoma, Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus, etc; the basic prescription of qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome was Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction, which was composed of high frequency drugs such as Chuanxiaong Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Aurantii Fructus. Drug clustering analysis showed that both qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome and qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome were divided into 3 categories, and phlegm and blood stasis syndrome were divided into 4 categories.Conclusions:Deficiency, blood stasis, phlegm and stagnation are important pathological factors of SAP, in which qi deficiency is the basis of SAP, blood stasis runs through the disease, or both phlegm and qi stagnation. Focusing on the pathogenesis of deficiency in root and excess in superficiality, drugs with the efficacy of tonifying the deficiency and promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis are used in clinical treatment, according to different syndrome differentiation of prescription selection.

Discussion on medication law of TCM in treating superficial vein thrombosis based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the medication law of TCM in the treatment of superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) using data mining.Methods:Literature about TCM in the treatment of SVT was retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang Data, and VIP from the establishment of the databases to November 27th, 2022. WPS 12.1.0.15990 was used to conduct statistical analysis on drug frequency, property and taste and meridian. The association rules and systematic clustering were carried out by SPSS Modeler 18.0 and SPSS Statistics 25.0. Finally the medication law of TCM in the treatment of SVT was summarized and refined.Results:A total of 281 articles were included, including 245 internal prescriptions with 182 kinds of Chinese materia medica, and 123 external prescriptions with 188 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The high frequency used oral Chinese materia medica were mainly Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Cyathulae Radix, while the high frequency drugs used externally mainly included Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Phellodendri Chinensis Cortex, Carthami Flos. These Chinese materia medica were mainly heat-clearing and blood-stasis activators drugs. The medicinal properties of high frequency oral Chinese materia medica were mainly slightly cold, flat and cold,and the tastes were mainly bitter and sweet, and the meridian were mainly liver, heart, spleen and lung. The medicinal properties of high-frequency external Chinese materia medica were mainly cold and warm, and the tastes were mainly bitter and pungent, and the meridian were mainly liver, heart, spleen and stomach. There were 22 rules of association for internal TCM and 7 for external use. The clustering analysis divided oral drugs into 5 categories and topical drugs into 4 categories.Conclusion:TCM treatment of SVT is based on clearing heat, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis, and matching with the syndromes, which reflects the holistic concept of TCM and the perspective of syndrome differentiation and treatment.

Discussion on clinical application of Dazhui acupoint based on data mining / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To discuss dominant symptoms and compatibility rules of Dazhui(GV14) based on data mining.Methods:Literature related to Dazhui (GV14) was retrieved from CNKI, Wangfang, VIP, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) and Pubmed databases from January 1, 2012 to August 15, 2022, and the main symptoms of Dazhi (GV14) and the compatibility of acupoints were summarized. Gephi 0.9.5 software was used for complex network analysis to compare the treatment for dominant symptoms with single acupoint of Dazhi (GV14) and the compatibility of the acupoint. SPSS Modeler 18.0 software was used to analyze the association rules of acupoint combination based on Apriori algorithm. The clustering analysis of high frequency acupoints was carried out by SPSS Statistics 26.0 software.Results:A total of 722 articles were included, involving 732 prescriptions. The dominant symptoms of single acupoint were cervical spondylosis, acne, and cold; the treatment for dominant symptoms with compatibility included 14 types, such as cervical spondylosis, allergic rhinitis, ischemic stroke sequelae. The meridian compatibility was dominated by bladder meridian, and the frequency of yang meridians was higher than yin meridians. The compatibility of specific acupoints such as Xiahe acupoint, Beishu acupoint and Bahui acupoint were the main acupoints, and the high frequency acupoints were 33 acupoints such as Feishu (BL13), Baihui (GV20), Fengchi (GB20) and Zusanli (ST36), obtaining 4 series and 8 types of compatible combinations of Dazhui (GV14).Conclusions:Dazhui (GV14) is widely used in the treatment of internal diseases, such as respiratory diseases, nervous system diseases and vertebral artery type of cervical spondylosis. It tends to be flexibly used with multiple compatibility and clustering combination of specific acupoints.

Discussion on the medication law of TCM compound patents in treating polycystic ovary syndrome / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the medication and compatibility law of TCM compounds with national patents for the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS); To provide reference for the new TCM prescriptions for the treatment of PCOS.Methods:TCM compound patents for PCOS were retrieved from the China National Intellectual Property Administration's Chinese Patent Announcement Website from the establishment of the website to April 20, 2023. SPSS 25.0, IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0, and Cytoscape 3.8.0 were used to carry out frequency statistics, association rule analysis on the data, and a TCM core complex network and systematic clustering analysis were built.Results:126 compound patents were included, involving 392 kinds of Chinese materia medica, with a total frequency of 1 709 times. The medicinal property was mainly warm, the taste was mainly sweet, and the meridian was mainly liver meridian. High frequency drugs included Angelica Sinensis (46 times), Cuscutae Semen (44 times), Cyperi Rhizoma (42 times), Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (41 times), Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (37 times), etc. Commonly used medicinal pairs included Poria-Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (support 16.67%, confidence 76.19%), Angelica Sinensis-Paeoniae Radix Alba (support 15.87%, confidence 80.00%), etc. The triple drug combinations were Cyperi Rhizoma-Pinelliae Rhizoma-Poria (support 12.70%, confidence 81.25%). The core prescriptions included "Poria, Pinelliae Rhizoma, Citri Rettculatae Pericarpium, Cyperi Rhizoma, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Epimedii Folium, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Morindae Officinalis Radix, Gleditsiae Spina, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma", etc. Potential prescriptions were "Hordei Fructus Germinatus, Setariae Fructus Germinatus, Sargentodoxae Caulis, Puerariae Lobatae Radix, Leonuri Fructus" and so on.Conclusion:The treatment of PCOS with TCM compounds with national patents mainly focuses on drying dampness and strengthening the spleen, tonifying kidney yang and nourishing kidney yin, promoting blood circulation.

Study on Zhou Meisheng's moxibustion treatment for epidemic hemorrhagic fever based on data mining and knowledge map / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To explore the therapeutic law of moxibustion in Professor Zhou Meisheng's medical manuscripts for epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) based on data mining and knowledge map technology.Methods:The manuscript data of Professor Zhou Meisheng's moxibustion treatment of EHFwere collected from Infectious Diseases Department of Dangshan County People's Hospital from December 16, 1985 to December 25, 1987. Graphpad Grism 8.0 software was used for descriptive analysis. PHP 5.4 program code was used for association rule analysis. SPSS Statistics 26.0 was used for clustering analysis. Neo4j Community 3.5.25 database was used to analyze the syndrome-weight graph.Results:205 prescriptions were included. There were 21 symptoms with frequency>40, in which the frequency of aversion to cold, fever, rash and irritability was 100%. The main types of moxibustion methods used in the treatment included moxibustion frame fumigation moxibustion, Wanying acupoint moxibustion pen moxibustion, and fire needle instead of moxibustion. There were 29 acupoints with a frequency of >25, including Zhongwan (CV12), Shenshu (BL23) and Mingmen (DU4), etc. Association rules showed that Sanyinjiao (SP6)-Zhongwan (CV12)-Feishu (BL13)-Shenshu (BL23)-Zhiyang (DU9) had the highest correlation. Six effective clustering combinations of moxibustion for EHF were summarized by clustering analysis. The weight graph can obtained the first 30 relationships with high correlation of target syndromes.Conclusions:Professor Zhou applied the idea of "moxibustion for heat syndrome" to the treatment of EHF, and took the method of "acupoint selection according to symptoms" as the main acupoint selection idea for moxibustion treatment of EHF. In clinical practice, moxibustion combined with auxiliary operation of TCM is often used to treat EHF, which can achieve good results.

Study on the medication law of treatment for acute mastitis in Pu Ji Fang based on the ancient and modern medical record cloud platform / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the medication characteristics and the rules of prescription for the treatment of acute mastitis in Puji Fang; To provide reference for the clinical treatment of acute mastitis in modern TCM. Methods:Prescriptions of the chapters of " Ruyong" and " Duru" contained in Pu Ji Fang? Fu Ren Zhu Ji Men were screened, and the prescription data were analyzed by using the ancient and modern medical record cloud platform V2.3.5 for drug frequency, properties, tastes, meridian tropism, and efficacy. Clustering analysis of high-frequency drugs and analysis of association rules were performed. Results:A total of 141 prescriptions were included, with 201 kinds of Chinese materia medica. The top ten drugs with the high frequency of use were Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Paeoniae Radix alba, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Astragali Radix, Olibanum, Trichosanthis Fructus, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Gleditsiae Spina. The main property was cold, the main taste was sweet, the main meridian was spleen meridian, and the main efficacy was heat clearing and detoxification. Three types of high-frequency drugs could be obtained by clustering analysis, namely, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Astragali Radix-Angelicae Sinensis Radix-Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix-Paeoniae Radix alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Trichosanthis Fructus-Olibanum-Gleditsiae Spina. Through correlation analysis of high-frequency drugs, it was found that there was a great correlation between Astragali Radix and Paeoniae Radix alba, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma.Conclusions:The pathogenesis of acute mastitis in Pu Ji Fang is mainly damp-heat toxin and blood stasis, and deficiency of qi and blood. The treatment for strengthening healthy qi focuses on tonifying qi and blood of the liver and spleen, while the treatment for eliminating pathogenic factors focuses on removing dampness, clearing heat and toxin, resolving phlegm, dispersing stasis and removing blood stasis. In addition, according to the condition, the treatment will be increased or decreased with the disease.

Electro-acupuncture for Vascular Cognitive Impairment:A Visualized Data Mining Analysis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To summarize the acupoints and parameters commonly used in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)by electro-acupuncture(EA)through the visual data mining technique to provide a reference basis for clinical treatment.Methods The clinical studies of EA on the treatment of VCI were searched in CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,CBM,PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,web of science and other major databases.The literature is managed by Note Express and the database is established by Excel.The frequency of selected acupoints,frequency,meridian tropism,parameter frequency and frequency of used acupoints are counted.Factor analysis is carried out by SPSS 21.0 software.SPSS Modeler 18.3 software is used to analyze association rules and co-occurrence network,and the analysis results are visualized by Cytoscape 3.9.1 software.Results Finally,155 papers were included,containing 155 acupoint prescriptions and 157 parameter prescriptions.Acupoint prescriptions involved 100 acupoints with a total frequency of 856 times;parameter prescriptions involved 33 parameters with a total frequency of 788 times.Conclusion At present,there is a big difference between the clinical studies,and there is no recognized acupoint and parameter for EA treatment of VCI.By further summarizing the law of EA acupuncture point and parameter,the study has sorted out the law of commonly used acupoints,meridian tropism,compounding and parameter selection for EA treatment of VCI.It was concluded that the selection of acupoints mainly started from the three aspects of deficiency,phlegm and stasis,focusing on the combination of local and distal selection of acupoints,through the identification of internal organs and meridians,to achieve the simultaneous regulation of the heart,spleen and kidney,and to take into account both the symptoms and the root cause,and to play the roles of opening the orifices to wake up mind,calming mind and benefiting intellect,strengthening the spleen and tonifying the kidneys,and invigorating blood circulation to remove stasis.The parameters of EA are recommended to be sparse and dense wave,low frequency,as tolerated by the patient,30 minutes/times,1 time/day,5 times/week as the main combinations,which can provide a certain reference basis for clinical decision-making.

Data Mining of Medication Rules of Chinese Herbal Prescriptions for Oral Use in the Treatment of Venomous Snake Bites / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective Data mining method was used to analyze the Chinese herbal prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bites collected from the major domestic literature databases and the surgery volume of Zhong Hua Yi Fang(Chinese Medical Prescriptions),so as to explore their potential prescription and medication rules,and to provide references for the treatment of venomous snake bites in the primary hospitals.Methods The Chinese herbal prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bites were retrieved from the CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases,and the ancient formulas for treating venomous snake bites were screened in the surgery volume of Zhong Hua Yi Fang(Chinese Medical Prescriptions).Excel software was used to extract the relevant information of the formulas,and R language was used to analyze the medication frequency,properties,flavors and meridian tropism of the herbs as well as their association rules and clustering analysis.Results A total of 187 prescriptions for oral use in treating venomous snake bite were obtained,involving 284 Chinese herbal medicines.The top 15 Chinese herbal medicines in decreasing sequence of medication frequency were Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Angelicae Dahuricae Radix,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Paridis Rhizoma,Rehmanniae Radix,Coptidis Rhizoma,Scutellariae Radix,Lonicerae Japonicae Flos,Paeoniae Radix Rubra,Moutan Cortex,Hedyotis Diffusae Herba,Imperatae Rhizoma,Plantaginis Herba,and Scutellariae Barbatae Herba.The flavor of herbs in the prescription for the treatment of venomous snakebite was usually bitter,pungent and sweet,and their property was relatively cold.Most of the herbs had the meridian tropism of the liver meridian and lung meridian.The core prescription mainly composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,and Paridis Rhizoma was obtained after association rule analysis and cluster analysis.Conclusion The herbs for the treatment of venomous snake bites often have the actions of clearing heat and removing toxins,and the prescription is usually composed of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma,Lobeliae Chinensis Herba,Paridis Rhizoma together with the compatibility of medicines for clearing heat and cooling blood,extinguishing wind and arresting convulsion,clearing heat and promoting urination.

Analysis of Acupoint Selection Rules of Acupuncture and Moxibustion in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorder Based on Data mining / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To analyze the selection rules and characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of temporomandibular disorder(TMD)based on data mining techniques.Methods Computerized search of major databases such as CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,and CBM from January 2002 to June 2022.After screening and standardized treatment of acupuncture prescriptions,data analysis was performed to explore the selection and characteristics of core acupoints.Results A total of 92 papers were included,and 108 valid prescriptions and 36 acupuncture points were extracted with a total frequency of 555 times.Among them,11 high-frequency acupoints in the top 10 of the total frequency were used,including Xiaguan(ST7),Hegu(LI4),Jiache(ST6),Tinggong(SI19),Yifeng(SJ17),Ashi,Zusanli(ST36),Quanliao(SI18),Shangguan(GB3),Fengchi(GB20),Tinghui(GB2),with a total of 481 times,accounting for 85.79%of the total frequency.The association rules showed a very strong correlation and co-occurrence between Xiaguan(ST7),Hegu(LI4),Jiache(ST6),Tinggong(SI19),and the cluster analysis yielded 4 core clusters.Conclusion Acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of this disease mainly follows the principle of"the main treatment should reach where the meridians pass",and the core combination of selected points is:Xiaguan(ST7)-Hegu(LI4)-Jiache(ST6)-Tinggong(SI19).

Data Mining of Medication Rules of LIU Mao-Cai in Treating Post-stroke Sequelae / 广州中医药大学学报

Based on FangNet platform,the data of the prescriptions for the effective cases of post-stroke sequelae treated by national renowned Chinese medical practitioner LIU Mao-Cai were collected for the analysis of medication frequency of the prescribed drugs as well as their properties,flavors and meridian tropism.The medication rules of LIU Mao-Cai for treating post-stroke sequelae was summarized by analyzing the weight scale,co-occurrence and mutual exclusivity of the prescribed drugs and by drug-symptom association rule analysis and drug clustering analysis.The results showed that a total of 105 prescriptions involving 95 Chinese medicines were obtained.The drugs in the prescriptions were mainly warm in nature,sweet in flavor and had the meridian tropism of liver meridian.There were 17 driver herbs,and they were Astragali Radix,Gastrodiae Rhizoma,Corni Fructus,Codonopsis Radix,Eucommiae Cortex,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Polygalae Radix,Curcumae Longae Rhizoma,Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,Ophiopogonis Radix,Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Poria,Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis,Pinelliae Rhizoma Praeparatum,and Ligustri Lucidi Fructus.The results of drug co-occurrence analysis yielded 12 drug pairs such as Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Eucommiae Cortex,drug-symptom association rule analysis yielded 9 groups of drug-symptom association combinations such as Gastrodiae Rhizoma-dizziness,and cluster analysis yielded 4 drug combinations.The results indicated that the drugs for post-stroke sequelae treated by LIU Mao-Cai are mild in nature and mainly have the actions of supporting healthy-qi and replenishing the deficient,and Astragali Radix and Codonopsis Radix are often used to replenish the vital energy,and Corni Fructus,Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix and Eucommiae Cortex are usually used to tonify the liver and kidney.Moreover,simultaneous treatment of phlegm and blood stasis,and simultaneous application of purging and nourishing therapeutics are also stressed.