Síndrome de Nicolau / Nicolau syndrome

Resumen El síndrome de Nicolau es una complicación infrecuente de la aplicación parenteral de diversos fármacos. Se caracteriza por la aparición de dolor, seguido de edema, eritema y luego una placa necrótica. Se reporta el caso de un hombre de 31 años que presenta este síndrome luego de la aplicación de penicilina benzatínica intramuscular. La biopsia apoyó el diagnóstico. Recibió tratamiento con enoxaparina y cilostazol con posterior mejoría.

Abstract Nicolau syndrome is a rare complication of the parenteral application of various drugs. It is char acterized by the appearance of pain, followed by edema, erythema, and then a necrotic plaque. We present the case of a 31-year-old male with this syndrome, after the application of intramuscular benzathine penicillin. The diagnosis was supported by the biopsy. He received treatment with enoxaparin and cilostazol with subsequent improvement.

Síndrome de nicolau en paciente pediátrico: reporte de caso / Case report: Nicolau síndrome in a pediatric patient

El síndrome de Nicolau o Embolia cutis medicamentosa o Dermatitis livedoide, es un síndrome raro en pediatría que se presenta como complicación de una inyección intramuscular con múltiples grados de daño tisular, in- cluyendo la necrosis de la piel y de los tejidos profundos. Reportamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 2 años de edad, sin antecedentes patológicos que acudió a la emergencia de pediatría del Hospital "Mario Catarino Rivas" (HMCR) en San Pedro Sula, Cortes, con historia de presentar lesión necrótica en la extremidad inferior y glúteo izquierdo, dolorosa a la palpación, que apa- reció posterior a la administración de un medicamen- to compuesto por vía intramuscular. Al examen físico se encontró una extensa placa necrótica dolorosa a la palpación y a la movilización del miembro, con pulsos periféricos conservados y sin frialdad distal. A través de abordaje multidisciplinario se brindó limpieza qui- rúrgica, cobertura antibiótica, manejo antitrombótico e injerto, con evolución favorable, por lo que resalta- mos que la identificación y manejo multidisciplinario oportuno es fundamental, como lo fue en este caso...(AU)

Nicolau Syndrome: A Rare Event Following Intramuscular Diclofenac

Nicolau Syndrome (Embolia cutis medicamentosa) is a rare complication occurs after parenteral administrationof drugs. It has been reported in association with intramuscular, intravenous or rarely subcutaneous injections.We hereby report a case of Nicolau Syndrome in a 60-year-old male patient.

Síndrome de Nicolau por la administración de la vacuna séxtuple intramuscular en un lactante de 6 meses / Nicolau syndrome induced by intramuscular injection of a hexavalent vaccine in a 6-month-old girl

El síndrome de Nicolau, también conocido como embolia cutis medicamentosa o dermatitis livedoide, es una reacción cutánea infrecuente, caracterizada por una necrosis de la piel y los tejidos blandos de aparición súbita luego de la aplicación intramuscular de algunas drogas. Presentamos a un bebé de 6 meses de edad que, al recibir la tercera dosis de la vacuna séxtuple intramuscular, desarrolló una lesión necrótica con reticulado violáceo periférico en el sitio de aplicación. Se destaca la importancia del diagnóstico precoz a fin de instaurar un adecuado tratamiento y seguimiento para evitar complicaciones secundarias a la isquemia.

Nicolau syndrome, also known as embolia cutis medicamentosa or livedo-like dermatitis, is a sudden tissue necrosis, a rare complication of intramuscular injection of some drugs. We report a case of a 6-month-old girl who received intramuscularly the third dose of hexavalent vaccine (DTaP-HVB-IPV/HIb), and immediately presented a livedoid lesion around the injection site, progressing to necrosis. We reinforce the importance of early diagnosis to perform a suitable treatment and clinical follow-up to avoid ischemic secondary complications.

Acidente por injeção medicamentosa no músculo deltoide: lesões locais e à distância, revisão de 32 casos / Intramuscular accident with drug injection in the deltoid muscle: local and distant lesions, review of 32 cases

Análise de 32 casos de acidentes por injeção, na maioria das vezes, de substâncias oleosas no músculo deltoide. Os acidentes caracterizaram-se por dor e reações tróficas locais. Em muitos casos, simultaneamente, ocorreram distúrbios isquêmicos nas regiões escapular, peitoral e, especialmente, na extremidade do membro. Presume-se que esse complexo lesional é gerado: 1) pela ação lesiva do medicamento nas terminações nervosas, nos tecidos moles e perivasais; e/ou 2) pela entrada fortuita da substância no interior dos vasos, produzindo embolia e/ou endotelite trombosante; e/ou 3) pelo despertar de fenômenos vasomotores. As lesões da mão, geralmente, foram mais graves que as lesões deltoidianas, com a eventual perda de dedos, espontânea ou cirúrgica. Os diversos quadros clínicos do acidente foram semelhantes, mas algumas características lesionais permitiram identificar mecanismos fisiopatogênicos peculiares, o que tem significado conceitual e terapêutico.

Analysis of 32 cases of accidental injection of oily suspension (in most cases) into the deltoid muscle is reported. Pain and local ulcers characterized the accidents. In many cases, simultaneous ischemic disorders were observed in the scapular and pectoral regions and especially in the end of the upper limb. It is presumed that this complex lesion was caused by 1) the harmful action of the medication on nervous terminations, soft and perivascular tissues; and/or 2) occasional entrance of the substance into blood vessels, causing embolism and/or thrombotic endothelitis; and/or 3) vasomotor phenomena. Hand injuries were generally more severe than injuries in the deltoid region, with occasional spontaneous or surgical loss of fingers. Clinical statuses were similar, though some lesions had features, which allowed identification of peculiar physiopathogenic mechanisms, with conceptual and therapeutic significance.

A Case of Nicolau Syndrome Treated by Surgical Excision / 대한피부과학회지

Nicolau syndrome or embolia cutis medicamentosa is an acute necrotic condition of skin that follows intramuscular injection of drugs. A 36-year-old man developed a painful, purpuric and erythematous patch on his left buttock following an intramuscular injection of diclofenac sodium. Histologically, the patch lesion displayed epidermal necrosis, dermal degeneration, and vascular thrombosis. We report a rare case of Nicolau syndrome following intramuscular injection of diclofenac sodium. In our case, the patient was successfully treated by surgical excision with primary closure.