Reacción adversa a medicamento con signos cutáneos (erupción liquenoide) atribuibles a imatinib, y respuesta favorable al tratamiento con fototerapia UVB de banda angosta / Adverse drug reaction with skin signs (lichenoid rash) attributable to imatinib, and favorable response to treatment with narrowband UVB phototherapy

Resumen El imatinib es un agente antineoplásico que actúa como inhibidor de la tirosina-cinasa. Los efectos adversos cutáneos son, en general, leves y autolimitados. Dentro de estos, la erupción liquenoide es infrecuente y suele mejorar sólo con tratamiento tópico. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con erupción liquenoide por imatinib refractaria al tratamiento con corticoides tópicos, con respuesta favorable a terapia de luz ultravioleta B de banda estrecha. No existen casos publicados a la fecha en la literatura de erupción liquenoide por imatinib tratada con fototerapia.

Abstract Imatinib is an antineoplastic agent that acts as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Cutaneous adverse effects are generally mild and self-limited. The lichenoid eruption due to imatinib is rare. It usually improves just with topical treatment. We present the case of a patient with a lichenoid reaction due to imatinib, refractory to treatment with topical corticosteroids, with a favorable response to narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. There are no published cases to date in the literature of lichenoid eruption due to imatinib treated with phototherapy.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor: outcomes of the past decade in a reference institution in southern brazil / Tumor estromal gastrointestinal (gist): resultados da última década em uma instituição de referência no sul do brasil

ABSTRACT - BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal neoplasm of the digestive tract and has a wide variation in biological behavior; surgical resection remains the main form of treatment. AIM: This study aimed to analyze clinicopathological characteristics and survival of patients with GIST in a reference institution for oncological diseases. METHODS: An observational, longitudinal, and retrospective study of patients diagnosed with GIST from January 2011 to January 2020 was carried out by analyzing epidemiological and clinical variables, staging, surgical resection, recurrence, use of imatinib, and curves of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). RESULTS: A total of 38 patients were included. The majority (58%) of patients were males and the median age was 62 years. The primary organs that were affected by this tumor were stomach (63%) and small intestine (17%). Notably, 24% of patients had metastatic disease at diagnosis; 76% of patients received surgical treatment and 13% received neoadjuvant treatment; and 47% of patients received imatinib as adjuvant or palliative therapy. Tumor recurrence was 13%, being more common in the liver. The 5-year OS was 72.5% and DFS was 47.1%. The operated ones had better OS (87.1% vs. 18.5%) and DFS (57.1% vs. 14.3%) in 5 years. Tumor size ≥5 cm had no difference in OS at 5 years, but DFS was 24.6%, when compared with 92.3% of smaller tumors. Patients who were undergoing neoadjuvant therapy and/or using imatinib did not show any significant differences. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical treatment with adequate margins allows the best gain in survival, and the use of imatinib in more advanced cases has prognostic equity with less advanced-stage tumors. Treatment of metastatic tumors seems promising, requiring further studies.

RESUMO - RACIONAL: O Tumor estromal gastrointestinal (Gastrointestinal stromal tumor - GIST) é a neoplasia mesenquimal mais comum do trato digestivo, possui comportamento biológico variado e a principal forma de tratamento é a ressecção cirúrgica. OBJETIVO: analisar as características clínico-patológicas e a sobrevida de pacientes com GIST em uma instituição de referência para doenças oncológicas. MÉTODOS: Foi realizado um estudo observacional, longitudinal e retrospectivo de pacientes com diagnóstico de GIST de janeiro de 2011 a janeiro de 2020, analisando variáveis epidemiológicas e clínicas, estadiamento, ressecção cirúrgica, recidiva, uso de imatinibe e curvas de sobrevida global (SG) e sobrevida livre de doença (SLD). RESULTADOS: foram incluídos 38 pacientes, a maioria (58%) do sexo masculino, idade mediana de 62 anos. Os principais órgãos primários foram estômago (63%) e intestino delgado (17%). 24% tinham doença metastática ao diagnóstico. 76% receberam tratamento cirúrgico e 13% tratamento neoadjuvante. 47% dos pacientes receberam Imatinib como terapia adjuvante ou paliativa. A recorrência tumoral foi de 13%, mais comum no fígado. SG de 5 anos foi de 72,5% e SLD 47,1%. Os operados tiveram melhor SG (87,1% vs. 18,5%) e SLD (57,1% vs. 14,3%) em 5 anos. O tamanho do tumor igual ou maior que 5 cm não teve diferença na SG em 5 anos, mas SLD foi de 24,6%, em comparação com 92,3% dos tumores menores. Pacientes em terapia neoadjuvante e/ou em uso de imatinibe não apresentaram diferenças significativas. CONCLUSÕES: O tratamento cirúrgico com margens adequadas permite o melhor ganho de sobrevida, e o uso de Imatinibe em casos mais avançados tem equidade prognóstica com tumores em estágio menos avançado. O tratamento de tumores metastáticos parece promissor, necessitando de mais estudos.

Renal tuberculosis in an imatinib-treated chronic myeloid leukemia / Tuberculose renal em paciente com leucemia mieloide crônica tratado com imatinibe

ABSTRACT Imatinib, which inhibits tyrosine kinase activity of Bcr-Abl protein, is a standard form of treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Through its immunomodulatory effect it affects T cell function in a number of ways. It inhibits antigen-induced T cell activation and proliferation. Antigen-specific T-cells and macrophages are vital for protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Here we present a case of renal tuberculosis associated with imatinib therapy in the maintenance phase of CML. With granulomatous interstitial nephritis and positive tubercular DNA on renal biopsy, the condition was successfully treated with anti-tubercular therapy. This case provides support to the hypothesis that imatinib therapy in CML increases the susceptibility to tuberculosis and strict vigilance is required to enable its early detection and treatment.

RESUMO O imatinibe, um inibidor da atividade da tirosina-quinase da proteína BCR-ABL, faz parte do padrão de tratamento para leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC). Por conta de seu efeito imunomodulador, o imatinibe afeta a função dos linfócitos T de várias maneiras ao inibir a sua ativação e proliferação induzidas por antígenos. Linfócitos T e macrófagos antígeno-específicos são vitais para a proteção contra o Mycobacterium tuberculosis. O presente artigo relata um caso de tuberculose renal associada a terapia com imatinibe na fase de manutenção da LMC. Com nefrite intersticial granulomatosa e positividade para DNA de M. tuberculosis na biópsia renal, o paciente foi tratado com sucesso com terapia antituberculínica. O presente caso corrobora a hipótese de que a terapia com imatinibe na LMC aumenta a suscetibilidade à tuberculose, exigindo vigilância rigorosa para permitir sua detecção e tratamento precoces.

Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal / Gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) son neoplasias mesenquimales originadas en el tracto gastrointestinal. Su localización más frecuente es en estómago e intestino delgado. Pueden originarse a cualquier edad, pero más del 80% de los casos son mayores de 50 años sin predilección de sexo, aunque puede observarse en pacientes más jóvenes asociados a síndromes que predisponen el desarrollo de estos tumores. Presentan sintomatología inespecífica. La tomografía axial computarizada está recomendada para realizar el estudio de extensión y seguimiento de estos pacientes. Los marcadores inmunohistoquímicos más sensibles y específicos son el KIT y DOG1. El tratamiento en caso de lesiones primarias localizadas es la resección quirúrgica, con o sin terapia adyuvante con imatinib durante 3 años en dependencia del riesgo de recidiva. En los casos avanzados o metastásicos se recomienda terapia neoadyuvante con imatinib por tiempo indefinido; el tratamiento en casos de progresión o intolerancia a imatinib es el sunitinib.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are mesenchymal neoplasms that arise in the gastrointestinal tract, usually in the stomach or the small intestine. GISTs can arise at any age, but more than 80% are reported in individuals older than 50 years men and women are affected at a roughly similar frequency. The few patients are who younger frequently have GIST associated with a syndrome. The clinical manifestations are non-specifics. The computer-tomography is recommended for staging and follow-up. The KIT and DOG1 are the most sensitive and specific immunohistochemistry markers. The standard treatment of localized GIST is complete surgical excision of the lesion, with or without adjuvant imatinib in dependence with the relapse risk. Neoadjuvant imatinib is the standard treatment for locally advanced and metastatic disease. In locally advanced and metastatic disease the imatinib treatment should be continued indefinitely. Following confirmed progression, or intolerance, to imatinib the standard second-line treatment is sunitinib.

Tratamiento neoadyuvante con imatinib de un tumor gigante del estroma gastrointestinal rectal / Neoadjuvant treatment with imatinib for a giant tumor of the rectal gastrointestinal stroma

Alrededor de 5 % de los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) se localizan en el recto. Cuando se encuentran localmente avanzados, el tratamiento neoadyuvante con imatinib ha demostrado buenos resultados para reducir el volumen de este tipo de tumores. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con diagnóstico de GIST rectal gigante, al que se le administró neoadyuvancia con imatinib y, posteriormente, se sometió a resección anterior baja con anastomosis coloanal. Es imprescindible que la evaluación y el tratamiento sean multidisciplinarios en los GIST rectales, para tratar de obtener los mejores resultados ante esta entidad tan poco frecuente, poder evitar la comorbilidad asociada y practicar cirugías menos agresivas tras una buena reacción terapéutica al imatinib

Less than 5% of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are located at the rectum. When these tumors are locally advanced, neoadjuvant therapy with imatinib has shown good results, reducing its volume. We present the case of a patient with a giant rectal GIST tumor, who underwent neoadjuvant imatinib therapy, and posterior low anterior resection with coloanal anastomosis. In rectal GIST tumors it is essential the multidisciplinary evaluation and treatment, in order to obtain the best possible results in this rare entity. After a good response to the treatment with imatinib, aggressive surgeries can be avoided, along with the associated morbidity that comes with it

Leucemia mieloide crónica: Monitoreo y factores predictivos de una respuesta favorable en el tratamiento con imatinib / Chronic myelogenous leukemia: monitoring and predictors of a favorable response to treatment with imatinib

La supervivencia a cinco años de los pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica en fase crónica tratados con inhibidores de tirosina quinasa es superior al 90%. Existen escasos datos a nivel local. Esta información puede ser de interés, ya que el imatinib genérico se encuentra disponible en la región. El objetivo del presente estudio es proporcionar información del monitoreo y los resultados a largo plazo del tratamiento con imatinib fuera de un ensayo clínico controlado, así como analizar el valor predictivo de respuestas tempranas para el logro de respuesta molecular 4.0 y la detección de variables que puedan condicionar falla al tratamiento. Se incluyeron 106 pacientes tratados con imatinib 400 mg diarios como inhibidor de primera línea durante una mediana de 8.9 años IQR (5.8-11.7) entre junio del 2000 y diciembre del 2015. La supervivencia global fue de 93%. En la última evaluación, 74% de los pacientes continuaba recibiendo el imatinib inicial. La obtención de respuesta en los objetivos temporales específicos (6, 12 meses) se asoció con mayor supervivencia libre de falla: 87% vs. 56%, p = 0.007; 90% vs. 69% p = 0.01 y mayor adquisición de respuesta molecular 4.0: OR 5.6 (IC 95% 1.6-19.0) p = 0.003; OR 5.3 (IC 95% 1.4-21.0) p = 0.006. Luego del prolongado seguimiento, el imatinib proporcionó altas tasas de respuesta y supervivencia. Se confirmó el valor pronóstico de la respuesta en momentos temporales específicos. Este estudio refuerza la importancia del monitoreo estandarizado en los puntos temporales conocidos, que debe continuar siendo un objetivo en Argentina.

The expected five-year survival of chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors is over 90%. Little data is available regarding the results in the Argentinian population. This information might be of interest as generic imatinib is now available in the region. The aim of this study is to provide information on monitoring and the long-term treatment with imatinib outside of a controlled clinical trial, as well as to analyze the predictive effect of early responses to achieve molecular remission 4.0 (RM 4.0) and the detection of variables that may condition treatment failure. We included 106 patients, who received imatinib 400 mg daily as first-line inhibitor for a median of 8.9 years (IQR 5.8-11.7) between June 2000 and December, 2015. Overall survival was 93%. At latest follow-up 74% of patients continues on initial imatinib. The achievement of response at targeted milestones (6, 12 months) was associated with increased failure-free survival: 87% vs. 56%, p = 0.007; 90% vs. 69% p = 0.01 and was independently associated to RM 4.0: OR 5.6 (95% CI: 1.6-19.0); OR 5.3 (95% CI: 1.4-21.0) p = 0.006. After long-term follow-up, imatinib provided high-rates of response and survival. The prognostic value of response at targeted milestones was confirmed. This study reinforces the importance of molecular monitoring under IS standardization at known timepoints and this must continue to be a target in Argentina.

Tumor estromal gastrointestinal de origem gástrica: relato de caso / Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of gastric origin: case report

Os tumores estromais gastrintestinais (GIST) são raros, de comportamento imprevisível, sendo a maioria assintomática ou com sintomas inespecíficos. Podem acometer qualquer local do tubo digestivo, sendo o tratamento padrão a ressecção cirúrgica completa, porém são frequentes as recidivas e metástases. O presente caso é um relato de uma paciente idosa com massa abdominal crescente e dolorosa ao exame físico, com resultado de exames complementares de imagem que sugerem tratar-se de GIST. Submetida à terapia cirúrgica para ressecção da lesão e seguimento com mesilato de imatinibe (Glivec®). (AU)

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are rare, with unpredictable behavior, most of them asymptomatic or nonspecific symptoms. They may arise in any place of digestive tube, and the standard treatment is the complete surgical resection, however recurrences and metastases are frequent. The following case is a report from an elderly patient with growing and painful abdominal mass on physical examination, and the result of complementary imaging tests suggests that this is GIST. Submitted to surgical therapy for resection of the lesion and follow-up with imatinib mesylate (Glivec®). (AU)

Desarrollo normal del embarazo en dos pacientes con leucemia mieloide crónica tratadas con interferón-a / Normal development of pregnancy in two patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with alpha-interferon

La leucemia mieloide crónica (LMC) es un trastorno clonal que generalmente se diagnostica con facilidad porque las células leucémicas en más del 95 por ciento de los pacientes presentan una anomalía citogenética característica, el cromosoma Filadelfia (Ph). El embarazo no tiene un efecto adverso sobre la enfermedad, pero esta puede comprometer potencialmente la circulación placentaria por leucoestasis, puede provocar bajo peso al nacer, nacimiento prematuro y aumento de la mortalidad. El mesilato de Imatinib se usa como terapia de primeria línea en estos pacientes pero existen numerosos reportes sobre su acción teratogénica. El interferón-á es considerado la droga de elección en el tratamiento durante el embarazo. Se describen dos pacientes con diagnóstico de LMC y embarazo tratadas con interferón-a; la primera al diagnóstico de la enfermedad y la segunda a los 3 años de tratamiento con mesilato de Imatinib, el cual suspendió un mes antes de la gestación. Los dos embarazos se desarrollaron satisfactoriamente al igual que los fetos y nacieron dos niños con buena vitalidad que actualmente están sanos y con un desarrollo psicomotor normal

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal dysfunction with easy diagnosis since more than 95 percent of the leukemia cells present a citogenetic chromosome Philadelphia (Ph) anomaly. The pregnancy has no adverse effect on the illness, but the leucoestasis potentially can commit the placental circulation and cause underweight born, premature birth and the increase of mortality. The imatinib mesylate is the first line therapy for the disease but there are numerous reports about its teratogenic action. The alpha-interferon is the drug of election for treatment during pregnancy. Two patients with CML and pregnancy treated with alpha-interferon are described. The first one treated at diagnosis and the second one after 3 years of treatment with imatinib mesylate which was suspended one month before. The two pregnancies developed satisfactorily same as the fetuses and two children were born with good vitality and healthy with normal psychomotor development

Tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST): papel del cirujano en la era de la medicina molecular / Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): role of the surgeon in the molecular medicine era

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST, por la sigla en inglés de gastrointestinal stromal tumors) son neoplasias no epiteliales del tubo digestivo y del mesenterio caracterizadas por un patrón histológico y de inmunohistoquímica específico. Hasta 1983 se las clasificaba erróneamente como leiomiomas, leiomioblastomas y leiomiosarcomas; en ese año Mazur y Clark acuñaron el término ''tumor estromal''. Los GIST constituyen menos del 1% de los tumores malignos del tracto gastrointestinal y el 5% de los todos los sarcomas, con una incidencia de 0,68/100.000 habitantes. Se ha documentado que estos tumores son el resultado de mutaciones de los protoncogenes c-Kit y PDGFRα que alteran las cascadas de señales intracelulares. Pueden ocurrir desde el esófago hasta el ano y su forma de presentación clínica depende de la localización y el tamaño. Los GIST primarios son de tratamiento quirúrgico, mientras que en la fase avanzada se puede recurrir a la terapia molecular dirigida, luego del desarrollo del mesilato de imatinib. Hay controversia sobre las terapias adyuvante y neoadyuvante. El presente artículo es una actualización sobre los GIST con base en la literatura disponible al respecto.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are a group of non-epithelial neoplasms that affect the gastrointestinal tract and the mesentery. They are characterized by specific histological and immunohistochemical patterns. Until 1983 GISTs were mistakenly classified as leiomyomas, leiomyoblastomas, and leiomyosarcomas. In that year Mazur and Clark introduced the term ''stromal tumor''. These neoplasms constitute less than 1% of gastrointestinal malignancies and 5% of all sarcomas. Their incidence is 0.68/100.000. It has been demonstrated that GISTs are the result of gain-of-function mutations of c-Kit and PDGFRα protoncogenes. They can appear anywhere from the esophagus to 1 Residente de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia 1 Residente de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. 2 Cirujano Oncólogo, Profesor de Cirugía General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. Correspondencia: Jorge Madrid Vélez; jamadrid@une.net.co Recibido: agosto 10 de 2009 Aceptado: abril 26 de 2010 the anus. Clinical manifestations depend on their location and size. Treatment of primary GISTs is surgical but in the advanced stages they may be treated with imatinib mesylate, an effective, molecularly targeted therapy. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy are a controversial issue. This article is an update on GISTs based on the available literature.

Tratamiento de la leucemia mieloide crónica con mesilato de imatinib en pacientes resistentes o intolerantes al interferón alfa recombinante. Resultados preliminares / Chronic myeloid leukemia treated with Imatinib Mesilate in patients resistant to or intolerant to recombinant alpha Interferon. Preliminary studies

Se evaluaron 43 pacientes adultos con leucemia mieloide crónica, Philadelphia positivo, que recibieron tratamiento con mesilato de imatinib como droga de segunda línea por resistencia o intolerancia al interferón alfa recombinante. La manifestación más frecuente al inicio de la enfermedad fue la esplenomegalia. El tratamiento con mesilato de imatinib se inició por resistencia (33; 76,7 por ciento) o intolerancia grado 3 o 4 (10; 23,3 por ciento). El mayor porcentaje de respuesta citogenética mayor (22; 91,7 por ciento) y completa (11; 61,1 por ciento) se alcanzó a los 18 y 24 meses de evolución. El 74,3 por ciento no mostró respuesta molecular y el 5,1 por ciento ya presentaba respuesta molecular antes del tratamiento; 9 (26,5 por ciento) mostraron pérdida de la remisión hematológica completa, de ellos, 7 fallecieron por progresión de la enfermedad. La sobrevida global fue de 90,7 por ciento, 83,3 por ciento, 82,6 por ciento y 78,9 por ciento a los 5, 6, 7 y 8 años de evolución, respectivamente. La sobrevida global y libre de eventos a los 3 años de iniciado el mesilato de imatinib fue de 92,3 por ciento y 81,8 por ciento, respectivamente. Se encontró diferencia significativa entre la sobrevida libre de eventos y el índice pronóstico de Sokal. Las reacciones clínicas secundarias más frecuentes fueron dolores óseos, musculares o ambos; y las hematológicas: anemia hemolítica autoinmune y trombocitopenia

Forty three patients presenting with chronic positive-Philadelphia myeloid leukemia were assessed treated with Imatinib Mesilate as a second line drug by resistance or intolerance to recombinant alpha Interferon. At onset, the more frequent manifestation of this condition was the splenomegalia. Imatinib Mesilate treatment was started by resistance (33; 7.6 percent) or 3 or 4 degree intolerance (10; 23.3 percent). The greater percentage of cytogenetic response (22; 91.7 percent) and complete (11; 61.1 percent) was achieved at 18 and 24 course months. The 74,3 percent hadn't ,molecular response and the 5,1 percent yet had it before treatment; 9 (26.5 percent) showed a loss of complete hematologic remission, from them, 7 deceased from disease progression. Global survival was of 90.7 percent, 83,3 percent

Recidiva en intestino delgado de tumor de GIST de bajo riesgo: caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Recurrence of low risk small bowel GIST tumor: case report and revision of the literature

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) are the most common mesenchymatic neoplasm in the digestive tract, representing about 1 percent of malignant gastrointestinal lesions. Seventy to eighty percent are benign according to their size and mitotic index as predictors of malignancy. However, in the presence of relapses in patients with low risk according to the current classification and in light of new adjuvant therapies (Imatinib Mesylate), have defined new parameters for estimation of malignant potential.

Los tumores del estroma gastrointestinal (GIST) son las neoplasias mesenquemáticas más comunes del tracto digestivo representando cerca del 1 por ciento de las lesiones neoplásicas gastrointestinales. El 70 por ciento-80 por ciento de ellas son benignas siendo clasificados según su tamaño e índice mitótico como predictores de malignidad. Sin embargo, ante la presencia de recidivas en pacientes con bajo riesgo según la clasificación actual y a la luz de nuevas terapias adyuvantes (Mesilato de Imatinib), se han definido nuevos parámetros para su estimación de potencial maligno.

Aplasia irreversible por el tratamiento con mesilato de Imatinib en una leucemia mieloide crónica: Presentación de un caso / Irreversible aplasia due to the treatment with imatinib mesilate in a chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report

Se presenta una paciente de 45 años de edad diagnosticada en marzo de 1984 como una leucemia mieloide crónica Ph + , BCR/ABL positivo, que llevó tratamiento con busulfán, hidroxiurea, interferón y arabinósido de citosina durante 15 años. En marzo del 2003 se diagnosticó fase de transformación y en abril se comenzó la administración de Imatinib en dosis de 600mg diarios. Evolutivamente presentó dolores óseos ligeros, edema palpebral y en el día 35 pancitopenia severa, que provocó la suspensión del tratamiento. Se tomaron muestras para medulograma y biopsia de médula ósea y se diagnosticó una aplasia medular severa. Se administró tratamiento con antibioticoterapia de amplio espectro, hemoderivados y factor estimulador de colonias granulocíticas. A pesar de estas medidas terapéuticas, la paciente falleció a los 46 días de suspendido el tratamiento con Imatinib, con un cuadro clínico de aplasia medular irreversible y distrés respiratorio, complicaciones atribuibles al Imatinib.

A 45-year-old female patient who was diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia Ph+ in March 1984, and had treatment with busulfan, hydroxyurea, interferon and cytosine arabinoside during 15 years is presented. In March 2003, the transformation stage was diagnosed and, in April, she began to receive imatinib at daily doses of 600 mg. Evolutively, she had mild bone pain, palpebral edema and, on the 35th day, severe pancytopenia that caused the suspension of the treatment. Bone marrow samples were taken by aspiration and biopsy, and a severe medular aplasia was diagnosed. Treatment with wide-spectrum antibiotic therapy, hemoderivates, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor was applied. In spite of these therapeutic measures, the patient died 46 days after interrupting the treatment with imatinib, with a clinical picture of irreversible medular aplasia and respiratory distress, complications attributable to Imatinib.